North Carolina Newspapers

The news in this publica tion is released for the press on the date indicated below. THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA NEWS LETTER Published weekly by the University of North Carolina for its Bureau of Elxtension. iOVEMBER 17,1915 CHAPEL HILL, N. C. VOL. II, NO. 1 BJHorial Boardi B.C. Branson, J. G. deR^ Hamilton, L, R. Wilson,; L. A. Williains, R^H/Thbynttfn. Entered as second-class matter November 14, 1914, at the postofflce at Chapel Hill, N. C., under the act of August 24,1913. NORTH CAROLINA CLUB STUDIES TOLUNE TWO, NUMBER ONE - T'be University News Letter ia a year •old today. Fifty-one numbers complete the first volume. AVhich is to say, the editors liave had one week of freedom and vacation re.st during the year. The circulation has increased from 3,- OOO to 7,000 in answer to postc;ard and letter rei|nest.=». The paper got's to edi tors, farmers, teachers, preachers, law yers, doctors, banlcers, merchants, man- ttfacjnrers, and mechanics in every coun ty and almost every community in the , •ijMS^iai'es .f.i'^ cS charge to everybody that ^ites for Iff at least'to >the .extent that our sniaSl publishing fund-makes it po.s- sible. It also goes to the students and librarians in 32 other states and comi- tries. North Fij^t By this time it ought to be clfar tb^t' tlie University Xews Letter does not exmt to advertise the University ; and also .that the University is not thinking first and most about itself, but first and most a- bout North Carolina. Our little publicity sheet is devoted to the resources, opportunities, possibilities, and {achievements of tlie state; to her problems, promises and puzzles, educa tional, econondc, and social. The State Press Helps ItJHuy be i nportant for the people of 2*'orth Carolina to know about their Uni versity ; but it is also important for the University to ktiow about the people of North Carolina. We must k'now the peo ple we serve. How' else can the Univer sity adjust her work ti the state that now ia and is to be? The 197 North Carolina newspapers that come to the editors in exchange for ^Ve'IUniversity News (Jettg^, are read, -'•ery one of erest and the largest possible profit. We here express our gratitude for the help they are giving to the work of functioning the University. It is important for public ser\ ants to know what the people are most interested in, wluit they are thinking about and the level of their thinking, what they want and what they need. The daily and weekly chronicles of the tow n and coun try papers hold the mirror up to human nature. The press brings probli^ms of service. in Colorado, 33 in New Mexico, 287 in Oklahoma, 25 in Washington, 40 in Cali fornia, 44 in Idaho, 18 in Utah, S in Nevada, and three each in Michigan, Minnesota, Oregon, North Carolina and Arizona. In New Jersey, the District of Colum bia and South Carolina only two banks in each reported 12 per cent, or higher, and only one each in Maryland and Ne braska. The public is entitled to know the names of these money sharks; publish them far and wade, says The Constitn- tion. VIRGINIA SETS A PACE In one country district of Virginia the moonlight school campaign has reduced white illiterates from 111 in the tliousand of population in 1910, to 25 in 1915; and .colored illiterates from 372 per' thousand of population in 1900 to 94 in 1915. So reports the state school conmiission. We can do as well anywhere, in North' Carolina as they can do anyw'here in Vir ginia. The final results of our moonlight school campaign will be an illuminating comment upon selfleaa concern or selfish UQCon('ern in the various counties and communities of Nortli Carolina. We have a great leader, and we mu.st be worthy of his leadership. us close to our A GREAT WORK ¥or the year ending w’ith last June, 151,000 boys and girls in 33 states were enrolletl in the various clubs w’orking un der the direction of the state agricultural colleges and the F^deral Department of Agri'ulturt5—an increase of nearly 50 per cent over the yea/r before. Thirty-one of the thirty-eight members of The National All-Star Club are now at tending high schools, three others are already high school graduates, and one will enter the stitte agricultural college this fall. This club work ia woinierfully stimu lating. It means a direct, practical study of farm and home management prob lems, crop cultures, crop rotations, soil building, along with farm aritlimetic, at tentive, thoughtful reading of letters, cir cnlars, and bulletins, business correspon dence, every-day English forms in club reports, and the like. And it wakes up the home folk at the same time. The Canning ('lub girls of the United States lield 938 public demon strations last year, attended by 118.000 people—parents most largely. Nobody in North Carolina is doing any more fundjwnental work than Hudson, Rrow n, and Mrs. McKimmon are doing with our girls and boys. DID NOT GO FAR ENOUGH The Atlanta Constitution thinks that Mr. John Skelton WilUams, the Federal Comptroller of Currency, did not go far enough the other day in his address upon excessis’e interest charges by the National Banks of the country. A list in his possession, said he, showed 1,203 bank.s that on Sept. 2 were charg ing 12 per cent or more, as follows: Nine banks in New York state, 6 in Pennsyl vania, 5 in Virginia, 7 in West X^irginia, 65 in Gieorgia, 52 in Alabama, 168 in Texas, 17 in Kentucky, 28 in Tennessee, UNIVERSITY MOONLIGHT SCHOOLS Seven moonlight schools are being con ducted within four miles of Chapel Hill by 78 LIniversity students under the di rection of Mr. Thomas C. Boushall of Wake, the Secretary of our Y. IM. C. A., as follow's; Mt. Carmel eehoolhouse, 3 nights a weel^Mr.-J.; B>. Huff of BuncoVittie. prtri^' cipa,l, with 9 assistants. Cah ander schoolhouse, 8 nights a week, Mr. F. F. Bradshaw of Orange, princi pal, with 9 assistants. Orange schoolhouse, 3 nights a week, Mr. R. B. House of • Warren, princi]ial, with 9 assistants. Clark’s Chapel, 3 nights a week, Mr. Ralph Stockton of Forsyth, principal, with 9 assistants. Fowier’s schoolhouse, 3 nights a week, Mr. Harold Knorr of Pennsylvania, prin cipal, with 9 assistants. Carrboro NightSchool, 6 nights a week, Mr. Marion Fowler of Orange, prmcipal, with 14 a.ssistants. Chapel Hill Negro Night school, Mr. Barney Pitts of iMeekleubarg, principal, with 14 assistants These young men are being assisted in their work by .seven young ladies. Misses Shell, Minish, Brooks, Jones, and (xlass of the town public school corps, and Misses Margaret Berry and Hildebrand of Chapel Hill. Great Enthusiasm The students report that the work in the moonliglit schools has been n^ceived with the greatest enthusiasm, the school- houses being taxed to their capacity by the people from the surroimding country. Courses are being ottered to illiterates, but also more advanced courses in arith metic, writing, spelling, history, and civ il government for others. Illustrat€!d lectures, with slides provid ed by the government and by the Univer sity, will be offered on home-economics, sanitation, tlie rural home, and kindred topics. The Townspeople Help All of the schools are within a radius of four miles, and are reached by automo biles, generously loaned to the students by citizens of the town. University Sunday Schools The success of tlie Moonlight schools is partly due to the fact that they are the outgrowth of Sunday schools successfully conducted in these school neighborhoods by the University students for the past ten years. SOWSWITHOUT REAPING The man who cannot read is forever pittdiing his tent in the graveyard of dead experiments.—The University News Letter. The ignorant pearl diver does not wear the pearl he wins; the diamond digger is not ornamented by the jewel he finds; the ignorant toiler in the most luxuriant soil is not filled with the harvest he gathers. The choicest profluctie/n of the world, whether mineral or vegetable, wherev er fonnd or wherever gathered, will inevitably by somesecret and resistless attraction make their way into the hands of the most inlelligeBt. Let whoever will sow c the seed or gather the fruit, intelligence consumes the banquet,—1 Ior.^ce Mass'. The World’s Work, The Progressi*ve Far mer, The N. C. State .FouTnal, and the University News Letter. A few dollars a year conld most protitably be spent in gubserip»ions for such- magazines. The copies shiould be carefully preserved, for the same qaiestions, or st* least, the same principles come up in different forms jear after year. The questioni of State Riglits, for example, has arisen in at least four difl'erent {o?ms. Valuable debate material' will be fouad in the Ixmnd: volumes oS magazines^ from O'ne to five years bacfe. These ca« occasionally be obtained from such firms as IvOwdermiMi and Co., W'asliington, D- C., The Hub Magazine- Co., Boston, Ma.ss., and the International Magazine- Co., Pvlizabeth, N. J, UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION LETTER SERIES NO 51 THE HABIT SUBJECTS There is among the subjects taught in tlte school a group the main purpose/ of which is tl>e formation of a series of deli>- nite habits, whicb are formed only when the pupil can work rapidly and atitomaCi- cally with the subject matter. Wkat They Are The group- ificludes the fundamental operation of arithmetic, spelling, the abili ty to read, so far as- kn-owing the words is concernetl, the mecha'aics of English composition, handwriting,, inflections, vo cabulary,word order, and'so on, in a for eign language, the ability to handle the operations of algebra^, and' various other parts of subjects, such-as rwlie* whicli are to' I>e “learned by heart.-’' Why Habit Sulijects AS these subjects are alike' in one fun damental respect. The wsult aimed at in any ca.se is the ability to'do'the task in questSwH' perfectly anl a'ltoiwatically. Take si^elling,. for example - The pupil may know a- groat deal abotit certain ndes foy spelling, and yet noti liave form ed the habit« involved'in spellitig correct ly. He %88 theoretical'knovv-iedgsf, bnthe lacks skill and, in a broad waty,, the ac quisition .skill is the gjsal atnaed at in all habit work. It is the abiiity to do something .and'not merely th» al'ility to understand why it is done; tbaS slionld iresult. The first year's work in l.atiis; again must be largely devoted to the fonmation of.certain h^d>it8^ The puptbmasS learn to recognize' itnmediately and automati-^ cally the F/Uglish equivaleat of Latin words, as in I^atin compossision. Bbtli' series must usualTy be formedi separately; it does not follow that becawse a' Latin word is recognize(#, the pupi? isan gi ve' that J.^tin word wdinsri' presente? with’ its JIjjgKali eqirivalent. Habits Are Afstomaftlc* We do not need to think liow t\i 'sralk, nor dtoes the skilled tennfe- player, or the skilled' typewriter or ni(»sician, neecS to think of erery movement be makes. In just' the same way, the pupil must be taught how, to use number com binations, how to speli common w'ordsi-how'to punc tuate and caf>italize liis Englisfa .sentences,, how to' conj?jigate and decline,, so thor oughly that) such activities require no thought'whatever on his parti The less he needs-to tfeink about such thimga, the more skill he-has acquired. Two Mistakes- The mi-stak-e' of the old-fa»)iioned school was-tb«t. it tended to redkice all subjects to the habit level. It often re quired a piip^iito learn a lesson in history or geography, in the same mechanical fashion that .he-leattned his multiplication table. The mistake of the present-day, se>S>ool is often just the reverse; it fails to insist on proper thorougliiiess and drill intliaose subjects that need tO'bec;ome mechani^l. Both mistakesH'an be avoided iftiietmch- er will only s^end a 'ittle thought in de ciding what things ought to be learned-as habits, and v-:hich for other results. SOURCES OF MATERIAL FOR DEBATE 1. Books on debating, published by Hinds, Noble, and Eldridge, New York, and by H. W. Wilson, Blinneapolis, Minn. 2. The Debater’s Handbook, a volume 40 in Illinois, 19 in Missouri, 68 in North to a subject, pubhshed at $1 a volume by Dakota, 48 in South Dakota, 21 in Kan-H. AV. Wilson, Minneappohs. sas, 44 in Montana, 20 in Wyoming, 63 3, Periodicals such as The Outlook, SUBJECTS FOR PUBLIC DEBATES ]. All land, iiiiproved and rtHiinproved, shpii|d^J)e';,}:ax,eil alike, at ite-natural or “T.' Food and live Jitock farrmers accu mulate wealth faster than cotton and to bacco farmers. 3. The crop> Ken should >*e abohshed by law. 4. Race segregation is desirable. 5. It is better business to rent than to own a farm. 6. Land monopoly is the worst of all monopolies. 7. The poll tax: ouglit to b«'abolished. 8. North Carolina ought to have a graduated land tax. 9. Taxing the- fruits of iradhstry is a vicions principle of taxation. 10. Fann tenancy is the greatest ob stacle to agricTiltural development; iu' the South. 11. Building up-the sitrro-nnding farm region is the best way of building up a city. 12. Most of tlie money spent in road building in North Carolina has been wasted. 13. Road repair with free labor is ai failure. 14. Bond issues for.pwtiiSc injprove- ments are advisable. 15. Newspapers ought not to accefii patent medicine advertisements. 16. A whole-time health officer is mr dispensable. 17. Diet is more important than drugs., 18. Women should have full and e(}«al rights of suft'rage. 19. The United States should adept the policy of preparedness for war. 20. Military training should be pro vided and required in all high sclaools, colleges, and universiti^i^. 21. Commission government is desir able for North Carolina towns oi 10,000 or more inhabitants. 22. Congress should place an embargo on the exportation of arms aind ammu nition. 23. The governor of North Carolina should have the veto power. 24. The hope of farm connnunities lies in Organization. 25. The govermnent should aid in fi nancing rural credit societies. 26. The farmer does not receive a righteous share of the consmner’s dollar. 27. Co-operative fann enterprise has usually succeeded in the United States. 28. Improved public highways are as important as railroads. 29. The contract prison labor system should be abolishsd. 30. Convicts should be used in public road work. 31. Toll gate roads should be abolish ed. 32. The frequent change of teachers is the greatest obstacle to public school edu cation. 33. The cowntry churcli is-decrs'asing power and nsefulne.ss. 34. The resident minister is iudispen- mble to counter- church devolopmani), 35. The United States should, adopt Ae policy of g«(atly enlarging, its aa-s-y.- DEBATE OUTLINE Resolved: 3hat cabinet officcw;4»nld have seats in Congress with the pr'ivilege ef discussing ujae-stions- but not of voting ®m. them. The following, points for a dtsiiiote on fcSiis proposition, were furnished by tlie class in English:. 15-16 in the l'nii>?7sity of ISorth (Carolina;. Affirmative ArgumeM Ji. The pi-esent .system is inetticient, for A. The branch im which.rssponsi- feility for legislation rests, that is-, tlie ad ministrative'bsanch, has no opj;>ortunity k) influence legislation in a pifti>!ie way. Congress passes laws or fails to-tass them contrary to tbt« President's roae»nmenda- tiou, Init the eountry holds the- I’resident liesponsible. B. Owi-ag to this system tiongress can tlirow oa.the President nesfKmsibility for unpopubix laws, and can.elaim credit for the popular laws, for C©mparatively fow jioople read tlie recommendations in pts(»idential mes- saees, but av.ery CongrestM.msn can bring his record before his constatnents. C. T?ie only ways in which the Presi dent or his cabinet officers can influeuce the legislation for which, the administrar tion is IsiM responsible are through mes sages to.Congress and: through private iui- tervie ws witti leaders in Congress. II. The proposed system would reui- ody tie faults of tlie present system, for A. With the President represented by his- cabinet officers in Congressional debates, tlie administration’s part in shaping legislation would be public, and the responsibility would be placed where it belonged. B. Congress would not be deprived of any of its rights, for The cabinet officers would liave- no vote. III. Keason shows the need for the proposed system, for Polk, Taft, and Wilson have ad vocated it. Negative Argument I. The proposed system is not suited to our form of government, for A. It destroys the balance between the executive and legislative branches, for 1. It gives the exemtive branch a voice in legislative deliates. 2. It is most successful where no such balance is intended as in the English government where the Parliament is not a coordinate branch but is supreme. II. The proposed s-jsteni would not B® an iuiprovement in effiL4ency, for A. .All legislation *f any importanse is shaped in Committ'.v#-,- and B. The - cabinet officers are ofteft called on by these cor.i/mittees for expert opinion and advice. HI. The present system is more suitC)(i? to the needs .of our pe&ple, for A. It i»divided between the execUr tive brand , elected by the people as a» whole and the legislative branch elected by the peopile acting j.s statesandstK'.tioits- of states. THE GIRLS DID IT During.the spring- term of 1915 at the Appalachain Traiuiag School in Boon®, Miss S. I'liazabeth Braige and eleven girls prepared:and serve(*r.meals for theniselvss through cne week for $19.25 for all or. for 11.60 porrperson. jSie daily cost per'per- son w'aS' virtually cents. That is- se- ducing_tise high cos4;of living,with a-v-3n- ' geance.. What They Had Mon>iay they itarted easily, l^iiOislay they .gained moracntum and for the-rest of. the- week they mu.st have made the tables groan. Mere is the Sunday menu witlii R’hich they, wouml up their, wc-e-k. Bnfakfast Povst Toast’ttS, Veriuicellii. Kiscuits, j Dinner I Koast Ciuufcen, Dressing,, Slaw, j Corn Southern Style, Apola Compote,, Boiled Custerd, Cake. Supper A Rev»w or sunuiiany—Cold Ham,, Chickeii)., Dressing, Devil««l Eggs, Cocoa,, Biscuits^ Crackers, Cheese, Cookies,, (-us- tard, Jit'Slo,, Cake, Slaw, Pickles. What We Hope We have no reco«te to show whethei th»y all attended class the following Mon day or not. Evidence lacking to the-con- (irary we presume all survived aoid faith fully reported for duty. Wlien we-go. to Boone we shaB plan to be there over San- day and hope to take, at least, our sup-* per> at the Appalachain Training School. Thank yosi. COURSE IN SEWING The Marathon County, Wisi'onsin, S;hooi of Agriculture and Domestic Econ- omy publishetl last May an excellent bul letin outlining in some detail a course in sewing as a help to the teachers in the rural schools. It is a good course and might prove suggestive to rural school teachers in this state. Write to the school at Wausau, Wis consin and ask for volume 11 No. 1 o£ their bulletin.