\
The news m this publica
tion is released ior the pte« on
the date indicatea below.
FEBRUARY 9,1916
K. C. Branson, J.
\ THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH C/^RQUNA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekb by the
University of North Catoiiii**
for its Bureau of Extension.
CHAPEL HIL;^ NvC.
VOL. II, NO. 11
, ti. il. MeKin.
B„tei-ecl second^laaa Ko.«>mb«r 14, 1914, at the postofflce at Chopel mU,
N. O., under the act of AnRUSt 24.1912
north CAROLINA CLUB STUDIES
, Wand COUNT* TAX ; where they stand j
^ RITRDENS ' deprecate ae.cUrianiKm m the mak- ^
' NewH ling up .>fonr public 8diool boards in the I
The tables in Ihe the ^appointment of school t.a-hei^, or in any ;
a^tter-lanuary 19 and .affecting o.ir public soho«l
capita cost of Htate from a-work; and we place oar condemnation.
,ernment.= in 19U, were a.rijub
Federal Cenmis Bulletin
Revenues, Expenditures,
-recent
: ,entitle«l County
Public Pro}erties.
191H, were aTranged from a , vvhervve'r it exhibits itself in iia-
Tbou!4htful people cim have tliLs bul-
^petin s,ent to them by -AritinK to their coii-
r(*flsniati-
trict, city, county, or state.
■ We recoininend, however, that pijstor^.
I should take an intelligent intc«»t,as.citi-
; zens in public schoolB; th3.i tf^ey visi^
them and acquaint tliemaeWei, wifi) their
; merits; that they giw tteij^ Uipii;.cordial,
I support and seek by kerj, ippiMis t? raise ■
I these schools to % ^igher 4 ^©4-1
an enterprising county
The otlter day Edgecombe county ap- j ency.
,ronriated $1500 for a whole-time county We recomiv^jf^
^Pftlth officer, 1600 for a farm demonstra- . eitiea, towpf^ iitpd vi
and $500 for home demonstration j ^naint wi
^ invested in a single day in j the ^i^ttej'
progmss and prosperity in a single county I
^Mgecombe a pace for her sister 1 ^
.counties ill Noi'th Caroliua.
aor,
[work; $2700
ou r paat,)rs, XKt our
ses, eapB,v>Mlly ac-
the Oary plan in
of the troviaion which it
the relifi^^i* instruction of
^yaren; and we sug^t that, in co-ope-
^^tion witli the pastorSuf other churches
their community | tliey
BANKS AN# ®ARM
1^RP^PE1|M
live,rj; banker,. ami: inerehanV, sjy«uld
spend tipie aa well uipney ut, d^Tel'
qp .the, buHinesii of farming iij, Ws ter-
5 ri^^ry,, M;. Cottrell,qJs VneRock
j Island, Kailway lines, i»M^’arfe;
;l 1, AVhen farininsj ifs. pT^siie.rous hU
Other lines of business- j^ttwper.
2 When far)wi,ng- Si^iinprotitahle all
biisijie.s,s is
3, By inWaiSiiAg the protits of farm
ing, IjuuIk de-l>f)!UtB and loans increase.
4 i«yw-Asing the profits of farni-
\m% rt«' *'''je« anil profits of every
^>t)tveii line, ♦>f business arc incn^ased.
5 TVit^rt' is not a single county in
the lJ\iitexi StaU‘8 wherf; ftie farojei^^
couW not double fhair profits 1,^
tor farming anl better aiid
marketing niet>ioil.‘ w ob
tained only )’jy tlic Vjp-operation of all
busineas in'cer*-^^ es^cially ^5
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
LETTER SERIES NO,
with which to
management
debate MATERlAi
JI, additiou to Fxt».'i«awn Seri^
oil the Knlaigt-nieiit of the Navy, the Bu- j
reaii of Kxtenaioii of the University haa
secured from various sources a lai'ge sup
ply of fiirtlier material on this subject.
This material is for distribution to high
■«chX)l debaters if the State and to any
■others interested, if you w'ish a supply
of tliis literature send a request to the
iBureao of Extension, Chapel Hill.
N. C,
W
carry out this plan in
dren of Western SQrt^'
We urge upon the p
pastors of niral char;
ture whert'ver practicabl
of church buildings, t
jacent to school buildin
location of parsonages.
I TOpney^ tjian we now have.
I dp' fhe sfihool business'.
! Ip there gool business
. u fa/-r stands cleany u'
funds
the investment, how iiuicb^Jcj^tatiye' j -iT^"oiigh’t'to? If tliis were oiir person-
SOME ARltHMETlC
.suppose tliis investment capital of |2," f, ~-
000,000,000 and more were so 1 when such a fact stands clearly beyond
that we might receive ^ ! fliapute? Are we handling these
ital would we have^,
ijppm tl^l;
an e»*y
source i
one.
> al businew. onr personal investment cap-
alone" The probl-x?!,!?. an e»*y 1 L> «'t)Wld W cpnsider that the trustees
around *70,000,QfJOj; 'r vere doing their W1 fety?
As a matter,' fcow a’lud, do Ve j the difficulty ? Wh9
receive as ^fajyi^ep^te this source? | , u tVief!’ aft? ’
The latest, '>’'’the1^ S. CommiB-j' V ,
giv,’» the answ asj "y
tw 1 per cent on the ,
; Ciinir8ynt Ls not npoe.saary. ; ’*■ ^ ciency.
An Objection Met
I' ..n. .,,...1 Of course, one may say we do not ex-
: poet any return or interest on the proper-
1^“'Ity used for scho)l purposes, aild that is
sioner o^'
'or it>s,s !
,Surely
EXTENSION LECTURES
The Churchman’s Club of Charlotte
'will haw two Extension lectures by mem
bers of the University faculty. On May
13th, Prof. K. C. Branson will apeak to
the Club on “W'ealth, Welfare, and
Willingness.' ’ On .Jmie 10th, Dr. F. P.
Venable will be the speaker, his subject
‘J.e,ssons in DemocTaey from a
SwiasOity.'*
endeavor to
ehalf of the ohil-
faroihw.
i
enters ;
iding elders and,
tliat for the fu-1
ill the location j
be placed ad-1
ind lUalij*! tlie
join with the
school authoritie.s in plaoRi the homes of ^
preacher and teacher alStgside church
and school buildings. W||«>cognize that |
these two institutions—the c.hurch and
the school—should togethc^tnn the cen-;
ter of community hfe, and|)iat preacher
and teat^her should be the neural leaders ,
and moulders of this comrniiity life.—j
Report adopted by the WeWn North |
Carolina Conference of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, South.
bankei'B.
. ji'he greatek efficiency in farming
foiind wliere lia-iine.s« men eo-oper
ate actively witb the farmere.
7 Livestock iind all its by-prod
ucts assure a tash market right at
home, and an in many in.stances
mc>re protilable than the open mar
ket.
8 Ijet the biliker take interest IN'
the farmer--not iltogether FROM him.
9 C/O-Operati in is the keyuob^ ci,
modern farmir t- It is (he
rule in action.
The bankers ind V)usiivefi^ men ol
the West have !'tively a/Jogttutt these
pohcies genera ly; in tlis» East and.
South only acc.f^ionally ss- far,
lat per wjnt ol'tlHg. H^tal operative
i capit^il is derived from this source? In
In Sis other 10 i
N^orth I)ak«W ?9 per ce?^t.
^ 'iota 23 per cent,
pn-cent or over, hi New York, Maine | But bv deducting this amomit ot in-
Hnd Rhode Island, less than 1 per cent, j va^itment capital and computing 3 1-*
“n Ik J)sU?n as a. whol? 3 1-2 per cegt cent of tlie remainder we find that
o,' the totfl] operative c^pitul for tlie sch«il 1 theu WS 9»Sht to r^ive over |23,-
bu.smes«: flfirived from the income ^
cured from capital. ,rttea4of ^-be eig
What It Means 1 This Stillieavea awut i*,Ooo,000 unae-
ll we could make our investment cap- f counted for even when retikoned on the
ital yieW a reaeonablo and safe return | basis of income from a gilt-edged Becur-
and if no st«tei no community voted a j ity. W'e cJinnot get away from the fact
single dollav of increase in s-hool money,
we iTUg>:,t have nearly 10 per cent more
tliat this investment capital is not uneti to
the best advantage.
t
fOTv twV » anli-fli|iicifig
ty ; fir l!Q\ sa
^.jiiev sent out (
iJ
DR. GRAHAM HEADS THE
CONFERENCE
I)r. Edward Kidder Graham, Presi
dent of the University of North Carolina,
has beeii chosen president of the North
‘Carolina Social Service Conference.
Tlie se,ssion in Charlotte .lannary 23-26,
under the direction of President A. ^V^
McAlister of Greensboro, was by long
■odds the most successful in its liistory.
The subjects under discussion were
jiublic morals, education, legislation,
recreation, health, country life, the drug
■evil, child labor, and prison reform.
The keynote of the conference was Child
Welfare. Save the Children of North
Carolina, was the burden of every dis'
cussion,
^URAL CREDIT IN THE
SANDHILLS
The Trust Company at Alierdeeil
lends money to the Sandhill farmers upon
mortgages on the lands, tools, or stock
■of the borrowers, ft then issues bonds
■on the.se mortgages and markets them in
the North.
It is a well established nie^lioitl. Bnt
this bank has done a unique thin'g. It
has started with the assumption (jhaf the
Sandhill farmers have as yet no well
v^orked out and established iuethoi' Of
; agriculture, that their agriculture is still
i in the experimental stage, and that no
; such acid test as the Silesian Landschaft’s
i . could jK).ssibly be applied to them. There
fore, to make its loans as secure as jios-
sihle, it lias appointed the demonstration
. : agrent of the Sandhill section its agricul-
: ifural loan adviser.
Livestock a Safe Bet
To a farmer who ifl unwilling to plan
\lffork iinder the guidance of the best
siTid m‘,''*jV filfactical adviser they c.an se-
; .t^ure, they Jrefuse credit, as they refuse
credit to the farmer who persists in plant-
ling all cotton or all tobacco and who
limakea no provision for enriching his
Hand. The livestock farmer they favor
I because they believe that animal hus
bandry, properly practised, is a safe liet.
They also favor the experienced orchard
man. because the peach industry has
' demonstrated its stabiUty here. But they
go slowly along>U lines, and practice
paternalism that compares very favora
bly with the best German theories.
—Roger A. Derby in tl* Banker-Farmer.
Ifti'iiu
comm uni-
.■le census year. The
the county for food and
was around Jil,175,000.
equals the total farm
™ J ^ J u. if I wealth accumulalM in Pasquotank in 238
The report adopted by theVesterul
North Carolina Conference ai S^VIetliO-1 was |400,000 more than the
diet Episcopal Church, Soutb , JotaHarm wealth, produced m the census
of tlMHg,.^ year', n^r-a: nerly $900,000 more than
A STRONG POSlflliW
feed stufi's in 191
In two years i
atraigl'?*^9nyar^ statement
sort. If th^
maintained
and its'
tJv.
re taken .(ui be ! CotloH hiOh
HO, FOR PHILADELPHUS!
Dr n n \h ' • by B mttjoHtJf
puji J , . 'iwipp to us that i .yotefs » bond
-e job in rural sanitation.
Besides being a model health comim'i-
nity., the folks there have a State High
School and a Farm-life School, all w’«-ll-
housed in a tine brick building.
Oh the date mentioned, Asheville vo^
of 303 of the qualified
the (itnount of two
as«ni dolkr« ($?0Q,000i for
a high school building.
The Students Help
'tj3 took an ac-
Co-operation did it, and the folks of
Philadelphus are still co-operating, Ho,
for Philadelphus!
I the aAd pfoniinent pttrt, bolli iii tljf?
I campaign aud on election day', jyuring
the campaign a poll of the city voters w^a«
p £>f ySS.y. ^hree
Mmum 1 Ofle-
abroad the social welfare i>( d'uffejntii- ] o t e arnii rs bought *'
land is assurei. a^'erage spent 1''*®
The stand i« eiitiivly correct.
result in unknown, j>erhaps inconjfcftf\fi.
ble, good to every community whefeifcig
\
carried out successfully.
A Word of Comment
Rev. .John F. Kirk, of Statesville m
writing to us about this item, madethc
following statements: This is the St4t
time, so far as my kuowledge goe^ jtliit
the Methodist church, or any coil^iier-
able section of it, has gone on re(|>rila8
recognizing the need of definite co^^cpe-
ration betw'een the public school and tke
churefi !ii tlie matter of uplift. It iflns
another thing, « hich liafl not been^um-
mon in any church body, and that is to
call attention to the fact that it is the,%
ty of the leaders in the church to ijec^piae
leaders in support of public, schoolsv |ioi
in any sectarian .sense but as citizens.
Real Religion m
This is the way we shall reach mhe
botnes, this is the way we shall reach Jhe
chiMren, tliis is praying—'I’hy Kingdom
come', Thy will be done, as in Heavenlso
on earth. This is, tmly, a living inter-
pretJatioii of the iwo' great coniHBand.
liients,—love of God and love-for one’s
neighbor
problems to be solved
m PASQUOTANK
1. Fewer and better country schools,
with larger salaries for the teachers. The
report for 1913-14 shows the average sah
ary for white country^ teachers to b^ on
ly $164. Ofily six counties pay them
smaller salaries. The teachers deserve
better pay. Bvery white teacher in the
county but one had a first grade license;;
three-fifths of them had normal training,
and fifteen of them had college diplomas.
The 1915-16 report shows that the white
country teachere receive an average sal
ary of 1209; and that nine of the 22 white
country schools have two or more teach
ers, WonderfuJ'gains in a single year!
2. An ill-bala'Bced fkrm system. Pas
quotank is no« » self-feeding, and Chere^
fann aniiwlg,
.^(■purpose was |3'l,|o per farm,
J. Farm tenancy and absentee land-j
fc/dikm. Nearly one-half, 48.1 per cent, I
of tiW farmers of Pasquotank are tenants;
and four-SfthS of these tenants are crop
pers. Exactff 6h6-half of them are w'hite
farmers. These ISndless, homeless white
tenants and their famili^ number 1,500
souls. Two hundred and nihe or two-
fiftlis of the negro farmers are landlords,
not tenants. Under tenancy conditions,
negroes rise into ownership faster than
the whites. They can live under crop-
lien conditions and time credit prices and
accumulate proj>erty better than the
whites; and so throughout the South they
rise into farm ownership at ratios that
range from one and a half to five and a
half times the ratios of white increase in
farm ownership in the census decade.
And Pasquotank is one of the 47 coun
ties in which tenancy increased during
fhe last census period, fecessive and
irrereasing farm tenancy means decreasing
home-iaised supplies, and increasifig difS
eulty in- solving church, and slitiday
sphool probtetns in the country region
I'lie Country Church s^ins doomed in
irtain localities. Says The Prasbyterian
andard in a recent issue. These cer-
laiin localities are the regions of excessive
lijrin tenancy and absentee landloi'dism
iajtliis and every other state.
4. Bringing into productive lise 93,-
idle, wilderness acres in Pasquotank,
»' I three-fifths of the landed area Of the
ty. Here is elbow-room for 560 new
' families, allowing thein 75 acres
after retaining 50,000 aijres for
lot purposes. An increa^ of fifty
int in'fann population arid a safely
ced farm system by small horne-
farmiers would m6ari better cdUn-
I Actual costs
If we leavfe out all money spent for new
ngs, payments of loans and interest,
payments for high .schools and all bal
ances ,n oiit niral school expense ac
counts we get «he following cost fignms;
The actual 6bgt to each niral inhabi
tant Id?' uie school privilege in 1909-10
w-as 8? opnts. fn 1913-14, it was f 1,35,
The ^ctuiJi cost of providing a building,
teacher, fuel, sav'errigor, arid
necessary items per pnpif, fliat is, the
cost per pupi'f in rural schools, in 1909-10
was 15.55; in 1913-14, it was $7.46.
That looks to us lifc> mighty near get
ting something for notbing'l
taken by the .students. Also, they ran a
aeries of letters in the local papers on the
i ne^dp of the building, which letters were
! prepared in the English clae.ses. On
I etection day the students were organized
ififcQ scjijade and sent to round up the
-** ve(er»- They were highly com
differei..^ . . manager who
plimented by the v . intel,-
stated that he had never set:^,, •
ligent or efTective election work done.
In The First Class
1 call this election epochal becaiiseit is
the first time that any North Carolina
community has ever voted such an
other am’onnt of money for schools at any one
el'ectidTJ and for any one building. And
as a reartlt the first fire-proof school
I house in the ,State will be erected, The
j bonds have already been sold and btotjght
U premium of $12,750 which I am Jn
I formed is the largest rate paid for North
Carolina municipal bonds. As the city
already has a large and magnificent site,
the entire proceeds of the bonds will be
available for the building itself.
The city
SCHOOL INSPECTION IN NASH
Medical school inspection for the
colored schools of Nash county is now the
plan of work in which that county's! commissioners have looked
whole-time health officer. Dr. J. C. Bras- i numerous architects, near and f»r,
is now engaged. Dr. Braswell says ' ae'ected Mr. W. H. Lord, of
thatby January 15th he will have ^om-^ Asheville. We are already engaged in
pleted the school inspection work for j preparation of the plans,
about 40 colored school.*, in Nash cmmty ! ========
and will be ready to visit again the white L __ ,
8lbools. I AIM OF RURAL EDUCATION
He believes in teaching health to the j Kura! education must come up to the
colored people and says he never fails to j requirement of fitting rural people to Uve
get a hearty response on Health Days and j successfully in the country. At present
willing co-operation in all health mat-1 over most of America it is one of the
most potent forces that exists for driving
rural people into the cities.
It is high time that the practice of edu
cating country boys to become lawyers,
clerks and town salesmen should cease.—
Roger A, Derby in Progressive Farmer.
ters.
One of the best things along the line of
school and health work that has ever been
done for our county, he said, is the com
pulsory smallpox vaccination law. It
works fine, and our schools are now
moving along without a hitch. How
ever, he adds, we do need soihe open air
schools. N. C. State Board of Health.
jhurches, better 'schools, better roads,
®til|Br prospel^ty, better business for the
'’ijfl centers and nior^ of social life and
li'itit,
!Hfh are .some of the problems that
^klfeUge solution in Ptoqubtahk. They
;>ut of condition^ that afTect every
and everybody in the codnty—
merchants; bankers, schools and
H^'Shee, in town-and couati^ alike:
ACTIVE ASHEVILLE
fenperintendent Harry Howell of Ashe- rose from 52.5 per cent to 54.2
vDle takes just pride in the great and in
creasing educational activity of that city.
From a recent letter we quote some facts
relative to this forward move in the I.4ind
of the Sky.
An Epochal Election
An epbbhal election was held in Ashe
ville on November 9, and at the risk of
^ exhibiting extreme local pride I am giv
ing you some facts connected with it.
BACKING UP
S During the five-year period 1909-10 to
1913-14 the percentage of rural school
expenses charged to rural white teachers
For ru
ral colored teachers the ratio dropped
from 10.8 per cent to 9.4 per cent.
Diiring this same period the percents*
age charged to rural supervision dropped
from 3.7 per cent to 3 per cent.
The total percentage of the whole ex
penditure for rural schools charged to
teaching and supervision fell from 67.4
percent in 1909-10 to 66.5 per cent in
1913-14.
We seem to be (lacking our load