The oews in thw publica-
ttion.is released for the press on
the date indicated below.
the university of north CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Carolina
for its Bureau of Extension.
JUNE 7, 1916
CHAPEL HILL, N. C.
VOL. n, NO. 28
Eaitorial Baardi B. G. Branaon, .J. G, deK, Hamilton, L.. B. Wilson, L. A. Willi
Williams, B. H. Thornton, O. iyl, MoKie. Entered as second-class matter November 14,1914, at the.aostoffloe at Chapel Hill, N. C., under the act of August 34,1913
NORTH CAROLINA CLUB STUDIES
A FORWARD-LOOKING EVENT
We go to press with thia issue of the
University News Letter a week earher
than usual in deference to the students
who are working in tiie printery in order
to earn their diplomas here.
The Commencement Exercises are in
full blast. They are inspiring; in par
ticular, because of their forward look and
the constructive plans that are maturing
. among the loyal alumni of the State.
i Before our next issue the state papers
' will have given to the public the story in
detail. The next year at the University
will be a record of still greater achieve
ment.
COLLEGE CREDIT COURSES
The credit courses ofi'ered by the Uni
versity Summer School grow more popu-
' lar with each passing year. Many col
lege students who found it necessary to
l^rop out at the end of the sophomore or
junior year avail themselves of the op-
vportunity offerered by the Summer School
to complete the requirements for their
jSome students are this sumriier plan
ning to begin courses extending over six
or eight years. Many Who hold the A.
B. degree map out courses covering three
or four summers, and leading to the A.
degree. Those engaged in the teach-
' ing profession find this plan especially
desirable.
SUMMER SCHOOL
FESTIVITIES
Along with the serious work of the
University Summer School,, the manage
ment is planning to provide also for the
ocial side of life. During the term there
will be several dramatic, musical, and
other entertainments. Among these may
e mentioned the reception tendered by
le faculty and gentlemen of the school
I the ladies; the Fourth of July celebra
tion, the presentation of two Shakespeare
plays by the Coburn Players; and the
* horal Concert.
One evening each week is set apart as
a social evening when the students amuse
hemselves with readings, recitations, play-
“g games, etc. The University Summer
chool believes that more eflective work
an te done when some play is allowed.
PULLING FOR THE SUMMER
SCHOOL
In building up the University Summer
chool and attempting to make it serve
he State, the management is ably assist-
d by friends and supporters of the
chool. County and city superintend
ents, supervisors, principals, teachers,
nd esi)ecially forifaer students of the
Summer School show a fine spirit df co
operation.
One superintendent writes: A few of
ly teachers and I are planning to attend
he University Summer School at the
'niversity this summer. I want to take
he course offered in Constructive School
Supervision and some other work.
A former student writes: Every day
'omething comes up that makes me ap
preciate the University Summer School
work more and more.
Many of the old students send lists of
names and addresses with the request
that bulletins be mailed to them. With
such a spirit of cooperation as this, the
possibilities of the University Summer
School for service are limitless.
OUR TEACHERS’ BUREAU
One of the most practically helpful fea
tures of the University Summer School is
the Teachers’ Bureau. This Bureau
makes no charge for its services. Its
object is to assist teachers seeking po
sitions, and committees seeking teachers—
in a word, to bring school and teacher
together.
The Bureau offers its services to any
one in search of a school position. Uni
versity Summer School students, being
on the ground, of course stand a better
chance of landing positions. Each sum
mer the Bureau is instrumental in plac
ing scores of teachers.
ORGANIZED COUNTRY LIFE
Dr. T. N. Carver of Harvard classifies
the problems calling for organization un
der the following outlines.
1- Organized effort to increase the
farmer’s income concerns, (1) the mar
keting of farm products, (2) the purchas
ing of farm supplies, and (3) the secur
ing of adequate credit.
2. Organized effort for better living
conditions concerns, (1) effective rural
schools, (2) good roads, (3) telephones,
(4) health and sanitation, (5) recreation,
(6) beautification.
SELF-HELP BY FARMERS
The salvation of our farm civilization
depends most of all upon the farmers
themselves.
Attic philosophers, the bankers, the
consumers in the cities, the colleges and
universities, the preachers and the
churches, are getting busy thrusting bet
terment upon the farmers out in the
woods.
All of which is well enough; but the
drift to the cities, soil exhaustion, aban
doned farms, markets for farm products,
farm credits, comforts for farm homes,
social life in the farm regions, recreation,
co-operation, rural schools, rural church
es, and so on and on, are questions that
will never be settled until the farmers
themselves become mightily concerned
about them.
HOW THEY GET HELP
It often happens that communities are at
a loss to know how to get help along cer
tain lines of activity. How Chattanooga,
Tennessee, solved the problem is told in
the following paragraph taken from a
recent letter from the Federal Bureau of
Education.
The Chattanooga plan for interesting
various groups in home-garden work, en
lists Federal, State, City, and local asso
ciation agencies. The following are ac
tively represented in the movement for
school gardens in Chattanooga: the Fed
eral Bureau of Education, through the
Commissioner and an assistant in home
and school gardens; the City Department
of Education and Health, through the
Commissioner of Education and Health,
the Superintendent of Schools and the
Garden Supervisor; the Federation of
School Improvement Leagues, through
its president; the Presidents of eleven
District Leagues; the Directors of Home
Gardening; the principals, teachers,
parents, pupils, and the newspapers.
Work similar to that of Chattanooga,
though in most cases not so carefully
organized, is being done in 32 cities this
year through a special appropriation by
Congress in 1915.
STUDYING ASHEVILLE
Superintendent Harry Howell of the
Asheville public schools is continuing to
study the system intelligently and to
place the results of the studies together
with constructive recommendations be
fore his teachers.
The latest study is a summary of the
weekly time distribution for the school
subjects in the various grades and a com
parison of Asheville with the average
practice in fifty selected cities.
A Good Sign
While the results of this study are not
highly flattering to Asheville it is safe to
say that similar conditions would be
found in all our North Carolina city
school systems.
The point is, however, not whether the
results are flattering or not but how many
of our city superintendents know any
thing about this matter as it concerns
their systems? It is certain Supt. Howell
does and it is a good sign.
TRUDEAU SUMMER SCHOOL
The good that men do lives after them.
This is notably true of Edward L. Tru
deau. The Adirondack Sanitorium has
revolutionized the treatment of tubercu
losis aiid given life to thousands of con
sumptives otherwise doomed; yet the
death roll continues high because few
physicians are now able to recognize
tuberculosis in its early and easily cur
able stage. Over 80 per cent of the
patients sent to sanatoria have passed the
incipient stage. .
The Trudeau School of Tuterculosis
A TEACHER'S PRAYER
Henry L. VanDyke
Make me respect my material so
much that I dare not slight my work.
Help me to deal very honestly with
words, and with people tecause they
are both alive.
Teach me to see the locsH color with
out being blind to the inner light.
Give me an ideal that will stand the
strain of weaving into human stuff on
the loom of the real. Keep me from
caring more for books than for folks.
Steady me to do my full stint of
work as well as I can; and when that
is done, stop me, pay what wages
Thou wilt, and help me to say, from
a quiet heart, a grateful AMEJT!
May and June 1916 conducted at Saranac
by the foremost specialist of this country
affords every conscientious physician the
opportunity to equip himself in a few
weeks to make the early diagnosis that
spells recovery. Address inquiries to Dr.
E. R. Baldwin, Saranac Lake, N. Y.
NEGRO SCHOOL PROGRESS
The progressive work still goes on
among the supervisors of negro rural
schools. A recent report of Mr. N. C.
Newbold shows that over |5,000 has been
raised by negro communities in the state
for the improvement of their schools dur
ing the past year.
The superintendent for Greene County
reports that the committeemen of one
negro rural school district in that county
brought him over $300 raised by the
people of that district and asked for a
new building. They will get it.
Moonlight schools for the negroes still
continue with good attendance. Clean
up Weeks are common occurences. The
club work still goes on and many enter
tainments are reported.
Heaven helps those who help them
selves, is an old-time proverb full of
truth.
BETTER CARE OF THE BOYS
Says Dr. Archibald Johnson in a recent
issue of Charity and Children:
There is not a single commodious
church house in Cbapel Hill. The Pres
byterian house is a small building with no
Sunday school equipment. The Method
ist is a little better, but with their glo
rious location they ought to have a splen
did temple. The Episcopalians are per
haps the best fixed of the three, having a
parish house in addition to the church
building.
The Baptist house of worship is an
ordinary auditorium with one room for
the primary department. A brother told
us that when the Baraca boys are out in
full force they alnlost fill the room. The
church is not well located. Dr. Smith,
the pastor, is doing a good work but no
man can do his best hampered as he is
for the lack of room. The denomination
ought to take better care of the more than
200 Baptist boys at the University. W'e
need a $25,000 church building in Chapel
Hill.
SAFETY AT LONG RANFE
A recent report to the American Politi
cal Science Association calls attention to
the academic remoteness and aloofness of
instruction in political sciences in Ameri
can colleges and universities.
The direct study of state problems and
home affairs is subordinated and neglect
ed for such subjects as general political
science, comparative government, and
international law.
One is led to suspect, says the report,
that it is safer for political scientists to
deal with political theory and the Prus
sian administrative system than it is to
deal with the afi^airs of state, county, and
city governments; just as it has proved
easier and more comfortable to evangeUze
Asia than to reform social conditions
within sight of our church doors.
An unapplied science nowadays is
ridiculous, and the social sciences are
only beginning in a frighltened, feeble
way to have any direct relatiqn to the
economic and social problems of the
communities that state institutions are set
up to serve.
A great university represents the fund
ed wisdom of the race. It ought vigor-
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
LETTER SERIES NO. 77
THE NEW EDUCATION
Nor need we confine this view of the
education to life in the rural districts.
Conditions are no less changed in the
towns and cities than in the country re
gions.
The children of the towns and cities
are already getting more education, or at
least longer school terms than are their
country cousins. They have also more
skillful teachers and better supervision.
More Here Too
But they are not yet getting their full
dues by any means, for they are not all
getting the new and the progressive view
point in their studies nor are they getting
the full amount which is tlieir due.
No school system in the state should
rest content until it provides educational
opportunity for the full year and for the
entire day, six days in the week. Why
should a school plant shut down for
three or four months every year and run
only part of the time the rest of the
year?
Also Different
Of course that means a very difl'erent
sort of education from what is given un
der our present plan. It would be no
thing short of cruelty to put children
through the present “stunts” in school
for that length of time. No one thinks
of such a thing who thinks of the long
term and the full day for the children.
For Identical Reasons
But the reason for the change is funda
mentally not dift'erent in the city and the
country. In both ca=es the one and on
ly purpose is to give every child an
equal educational opportunity with every
other child.
In both cases the end and aim is to
make it possible for the children of to
day to learn to live, and live well. The
making of a respectable living is one
of man’s highest and best aspirations.
The school must make this possible for
the city child and also for the country
child
Just the Same
We woefully neglect industrial and vo
cational education. We are forgetting
that the fundamental necessity for a hu
man life is to live and to live in com
fort.
To our city school studies must_ be ad
ded work along industrial and vocational
lines. The play life of the children must
be stimulated and ample opportunity of-
ferred for the children to learn how to
play healthfully and happily for iilay is
a very real part of a normal life.
Straight WorK
Just how' this can be worked out is the
task of all the school men. They must
stop their petty politics and jockeying for
positions, and give their whole time and
energy to providing equal opportunity
for all the children of all the people to
live well.
ously and ably to increase the total of
human knowledge in general; but also it
ought to have an active interest in the
forces and agencies that are struggling
with local problems of well-being and
welfare.
WHERE THE COUNTRY
CHURCH STANDS
Aside from a Country Church survey
in Gibson county Tennessee and another
in Benton county Arkansas, the Orange
Church and Sunday School Survey is the
only attempt in the entire South to find
out in field studies actual facts about
the status of the Southern Country
Church.
The church authorities in the North
and East know at last that the Country
Church in these regions is for the most
part dying or dead; and they have found
it out forty years too late.
If we have a country church problem
in the South, we ought to find it out
forty years ahead of time; and we will do
so, if we are wise.
Finding the Facts in Orange
The survey of white Churches and
Sunday Schools in Orange county North
Carolina was finished some time ago by
the North Carolina Club at the Univer
sity, working with the Office of Markets
and Rural Organization in Washington.
The survey of Negro Churches and Sun
day Schools in Orange county has just
been completed by Kev. Walter Patten,
pastor of the Chapel Hill M. E. Church
and post-graduate student in the Univer
sity.
The forthcoming Bulletin will show
just where the Churches and Sunday
Schools of Orange stand; and whether
they are moving forward, marking time,
or dropping to the rear.
This bulletin will be full of such facts
as the ministers of every county in the
state ought to organize to secure at the
earliest possible moment.
We are not under full headway of
Home Mission steam in North CarolinEtj
mainly because we do not know the
facts.
POST-GRADUATE MEDICINE
The fertile brain of Dr. W. S. Rankin of
the State Board of Health has added an
other achievement to the long list of ben
efits conferred on the State by his admin
istration. The past generation has brought
wonderful improvement in the teaching
of medical schools, and also added Grad
uate Departments to all the larger
schools. No physician today can keep
abreast of the times without graduate
study. But conditions are such that
only a few are able each year to spend
several months or even weeks in the dis
tant Post-Graduate CUnics.
An Epoch MaKing Movement
It is not an exaggeration to apply this
expression to the course in medicine of
fered by the Extension Department of the
University. Two thoroughly trained
Pediatricians have been employed for the
coming summer montlis. In two sections
of the State groups of physicians have
organized into classes. For this year
only courses in Pediatrics will be given.
This course will consist of systematic lec
tures, supplemented by clinics.
A Peripatetic School
The characteristic feature of the move
ment is that the student does not leave
his practice to attend a distant school,
but the teacher travels from city to city
and conducts the work in each phy
sician’s home town. The clinical mater
ial is furnished by those enrolled in the
classes and consists of their own clientele.
Thus the physician, w'hile losing no time
from his regular practice has the benefit
not only of systematic study but also its
direct application to his own daily
problems.
The enrollment in each class consists of
between 60 and 70 physicians, among
whom are many of the most prominent
members of the profession. The number
in any town is limited to 15. The inter
est taken in this movement is great and
it has been necessary to decline admission
to many applicants because the classes
were already full.
Address inquiries to Dr. E. K. Graham,
Chapel Hill, or Dr. W. S. Rankin,
Raleigh, N. C.
NORTH CAROLINA’S RANKIN
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Figures based on the report of the Fed
eral Commissioner of Education for the
year 1914.
1st in per cent of total population
enrolled in public or private
schools and colleges 27.40
5th in per cent of school fund
raised by local and county tax
ation 91.
10th in per cent of funds spent for
teachers’ salaries 67.25
41st in rural illiteracy, both races,
per cent in 1910 19.6
40th in illiteracy of children, 10 to
14 years old, per cent 1910 10.3
46th in illiteracy of native whites,
per cent in 1910 12.3
47th in length of public school
term, days ; 109.2
37th in average days attendance
per child 67.2
24th in per cent attendance on
school population 55.0
46th in investment school in
property $4.12
46th in per capita expenditure
of school age $5.48
47th in daily expense per child of
school age $.081
46th in available school fund per
inhabitant $1.76
32nd in total public school fund $3,948,509
39th in total school property. .$9,099,820
36th in permanent school funds
(school lands) 1914 $650,000