V
■he .library,
Chapel Hill.
The news in this publica
tion is released for the press on
receipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Carolina
for its Bureau of Extension.
JUJNE 19, 1918
CHAPEL HILL, N. C.
VOL. IV, NO. 30
Editorial Board t B. C. Branson, J. G. deli. Hamilton, L. K. Wilson, R. H. Thornton, G. M. McKie.
Entered as second-class matter November 14,1914, at the Postofflce at Chapel Hill. N, C., under the act of August 24,1912.
CLEAR THE DECK FOR W. S. S.
War Savings Week is June 23-28.
The deck has been cleared for action.
Everybody is called on to have an
active heroic part in it. The program
is:
1. A state-wide appeal in the
churches and Sunday schools, on Sun
day June the 23rd.
2. A house-to-house canvass in every
community on Monday, Tuesday, Wed
nesday, and Thursday to sell 25 cent
saving stamps and $4.17 thrift certifi
cates, and to pcure limit club mem
bers each taking a thousand dollars
worth.
3. A public meeting in every school
house, on National War Savings Day,
Friday, June 28th, to report sales and
pledges, and to secure further pledges
to complete the quotas wherever nec
essary.
Every stay-at-home patriot is called
on to set apart that week to serve his
Country with his savings—not by giv
ing, but by lending to the government
and getting in return four and a half
per cent interest on tax-free securities.
It is lending week, not giving week;
a week devoted to patriotic service
willing to do without frees materials
and labor for war purposes. For in
stance the coal mines are now being
worked only four days a week because
iieight cars and crews are short.
Meanwhile, 800 freight cars were
sidetracked at one factory center the
other week and loaded with automo
biles—not with tractors and trucks but
with pleasure cars. The Washington
authorities suffered a spasm of indig
nation. And they said things and did
things in a hurry.
It is a wise man who saves and in
vests in savings stamps, and gets back
government interest with his left hand
while he pays taxes and bills with his
right. The man with a busy left hand
IS a wise man these days. It
kind of left-handedness that
long-headedness.
IS a
means
AWAY OVER THE TOP
Chapel Hill district subscribed its
allotment of the second Red Cross War
fund twice over and more. Our share
was $500. By noon of Monday the
first day of the drive, this amount was
over-subscribed and reported to head-
along with good sense and sound busi- th® following Mon-
ness. the,total reached $1,148.30 and
A HEROIC JOB AHEAD
contributions are still coming in.
Carrboro contributed $341.65 toward
this total, as follows, the Durham
Hosiery Nos. 4 and 7, $200, Mr. and
We are marked up to take 50 mil- Mrs. R. H. Ward $25, and the mill
lion dollars worth of War Savings employes, nearly 300 subscriptions
Stamps in North Carolina by June' $116.15.
j ,1 The country contributors were the
dollars means an aver-1 Bethel Sunday School $16, the Damas-
age of $20 per inhabitant, counting j cus neighborhood $7.60 handed in bv
men, women and children of both | w. A. Long; and Mr. L. P. Canada,
I Canada, and Mr. and Mrs. Vance
” Daniel.
WHILE WOMEN WAIT
Edith Dailey
Into the discard, silently
They cast their silk embroidery.
Their hands, with unaccustomed work
Tremble ofttimes, but do not shirk;
And words are few' for hearts are full—
And tears are knitted with gray w'ool—
For men their trust with truth must
keep
While women wait, and knit,
weep.
and
races. It means a
worth of thrift stamps per /amily.
that’s the job we have set ourselves
to finish up by June 28th.
And it’s a big job! So big that the
best of us have hardly yet realized
it’s immensity!
AVe came along the street the other
day with a fine chap who was plum
ing himself on the $25 in thrift stamps
owned in his family.
The fact is, his family owns just
a fourth the stamps the average calls
for, and barely a tentli the average
that well-to-do families must reach to
bring up his community to the re
quired level.
'Many families will not be able to
own a hundred dollars worth of stamps
and therefore many other families
will need to take many times their
quota in order to maintain the general
average.
'The people of small means, eaiming
small weekly wages or small monthly
salaries, have hardly yet begun to
realize the pinching necessity for
heroic self-denial—either the personal
or the national necessity for it.
They will realize it, we dare to say,
before this war is over’.
Our job is to get the multitude to
realize it before it is too late.
The family that has nothing laid by
against a rainy day will soon be on
Chapel Hill contributions up to May
27, amount to $782.45. They number
181, not counting the numerous small
gifts to the war pot. Three people
gave $25 each, three $20 each, sixteen
$10 each, and 58 gave between $5 and
$10 each, or $588 all told. The balance
$194.45 was given by 117 people in
amounts ranging from 5 cents to $4.
The people active in the canvass
were Messrs. J. M. Bell, George Howm,
Collier Cobb, L. A. MTIIiams, J. S.
Holmes, and the banks of Chapel Hill.
A SNAIL’S PACE
Somehow the folks in general have
not gotten hold of the bigness of the
War Savings Campaign.
Up to May 1st, our savings stamp
purchases in North Carolina amounted
to only four and a third million dol
lars. Our sales amounted not to $20
but to only $1.39 per inhabitant, and
23 states made a better showing.
However, we are getting under head
way somewhat. Our April sales
amounted to one and a half million
dollars, or 61 cents per inhabitant and
only 15 states did better.
But what remains to be done by
the wrong side of the deadline, the in- | 28 is to sell stamps amountin
creasing cost of living considered.
' If families of small means in North
Carolina can by saving lay away 50
tnillion dollars, they will have an in
come of two and a quarter million
lollars a year in interest on war sav
ings stamps. It will go a long way
toward ])aying for family bread, bon
nets, and paregoric.
to $18.61 per inhabitant or $93.05 per
family.
It’s a man size job.
But in North Carolina as in Nebras
ka it is the women and children that
will do it, if it is ever done.
Nebraska has taken 20 million dol
lars worth of stamps and leads the
Union with per capita sales amounting
to $14.51. Think of tnat for a state
v/ith a population not much larger
than the white population of North
Carolina! They are mainly rural and
Ithrift the simple fact is that our part ; mainly foreign but they believe in the
NATIONAL SELF-DENIAL
As for the national necessity for
}
'.'3
lin this war must be paid for by na- |
Itional self-denial; by reducing to zero ,
the consumption of unnecessary things, |
'by denying ourselves everything we
’ an possibly do without, and thus in- .
creasing the national surplus needed
to prosecute the war to a successful
finish. I
Re-investing sums already_ saved,
Converting bank account savings or
private loans into liberty bonds and;
savings stamps is important and pat- ,
riotic, but it does not solve the big
national problem of war finance.
This war must be paid for out
United States and in the safety of
their savings.
How Nebraska Did It
Nebraska jumped into the lead be
cause the school children, the boy
scouts, and camp fire girls were or
ganized by the mothers and the club
women of the state for a systematic,
house-to-house, face-to-face, personal
campaign of solicitation.
; The banks helping, remember. Every
bank in the state kept stamps for sale,
I and was active in aiding the canvass,
of I We can go over the top the same
'°i the mtiona.
HS: "St
more than we consume. It must be, the teachers ^ +tic
twice that and more, 1" our war bili ■ great War ^ jj,
is paid without national Calamity now ^ week of active he'p
or later. Every man jack of us all is advance with the banks for active ne.;,
helping to solve the problem, and we and guidance,
are doing it in all the taxes we pay j Get the preav,..-^..
and in every thing we buy or do with-, teachers.^lmed .up
Our national net earnings available Communitpbout the war savings cam^
foi’ government uses can be doubled paign and what i u*
a ua-
hy rigid iiersonal self-denial on
tional scale, and the ne'ed is urgent.
The government needs war mater
ials—coal, lumber, steel, food, cloth
ing, and the like. Whatever we are
This
because
our
^fooT vafatirs” have^already begun
However the children are now
S lel the people whose names
hand to them.
WAKE.COUNTY BULLETIN
BuUetin, publish
ed by the Wake County Club of the
niveisity, is just from the press and
gives a quantity of intormation of in
terest and practical value. George B
Lay, of Raleigh, is editor-in-chief and
business manager; W. H. Stephenson,
assistant business manager; 0 R
Cunningham, R. C. Maxwell, T. P.’
Harrison, Jr., and J. R. Pearson are
the other members of the editorial
board.
‘‘Wake County, Economic and Soci-
al, IS the title of the bulletin, and both
tnese sides of the life of the countv
are engagingly discussed in the fol-
lowing articles; “A Short History of
Wake, by J. R. Pearson; “Raleigh,
Our Capital City,” by W. H. Stephen-
son; Natural Resources, Industries
and Opportunities/' by O. E. Cunning-
ham; “Wealth and Taxation in Wake
County, by R. C. Maxwell; “Farm
Conditions, Farm Practices and the
Local Market Problem,” by T. P. Har
rison, Jr.; “Seven., Year Gains in
Wake County Rural Schools,” by 0 R ■
Cunningham; “Where Wake Leads,”.
T^ay; “Our Problems and
Iheir Solution,” by G. B. Lay. j
The reason for the book and others
like it that have been published is well
given in a foreword by Albert M.*
Coates, president of the North Caro-:
lina Club, as follows; i
This work is an expression of a i
distinct movement beginning in
the University of North Carolina.
It purposes to relate education to
immediate, practical service. It is
significant as expressing the
growing interest of students in the
practical problems of citizenship,
which augurs well for the future.
The interest manifested in it by
the business men of Wake county,
who have made possible its distri
bution, is expressive of a new
spirit in business which seeks its
welfare in promoting the wel
fare of those it serves.
It is difficult to conceive of a more
admirable object than to relate educa
tion to immediate, practical service.
Our counties are not what they ought
to be by any means. Education is not |
doing what it might to make them
better. The University Club studies
will reveal the defects and it will be
easier to cure those defects when their
nature and extent have been ascer
tained.
Wake County Failings
The failings of Wake probably are
more stressed in the bulletin than are
its virtues. And that is as it should
be. A county, like an individual,
should be able to get along hand
somely without praise, though the
editors of the Wake Bulletin find much
occasion for favorable comment. Con
structive, helpful criticism it should
welcome. Its virtues it probably
knows for they are not achieved un
consciously. But its faults it may not
know unless they are revealed. There
is not room here to enumerate and
elaborate on the various things that
Wake county could do to make itself
a betteh county in which to live, but
a few of the defects pointed out in the
Wake County Bulletin might be cited.
Two-thirds of the total area of the
county is uncultivated; the county is
crippled by farm tenancy and the crop
loan evil; Raleigh is not the sort of
market for rural Wake county that it
might be; farmers pay too much at
tention to the money crops and too
little attention to the food crops; there
is insufficient co-operation between the
bankers and merchants on the one
hand and the farmers on’the other;
Raleigh has too high a death rate; the
county schools, while good, lack much
of being up to the best standards of
the country as a whole.
This is a bare hint of some of the
shortcomings of the county revealed in
the bulletin. These and suggested re
medies are elaborated informingly.
The bulletin is a book of nearly seven
ty pages. It should be read by all
1 rthose who are interested in the devel
opment of Wake county and Raleigh.
The Raleigh business men and cor
porations whose financial assistance
made the book possible and the ener
getic young men who have assembled
and reduced to readable form the mass
of information about the county have
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
LETTER SERIES NO. 151
USING THE SCHOOLS
Ever since this nation decided to
cast in its lot with the Allies and to
fight autocracy in defense of democ
racy, the public schools have been
used by the government to aid in the
contest. The captains of our national
life have thus acknowledged and re
corded the fact that our public institu
tions of learning are the very best
media through which to reach and or
ganize the might and power of our
people. This attitude once more puts
the official stamp of approval on our
public schools as the instrument of
democracy and public enlightment.
What They Do
Practical Uses
But the work has not stopped with
this informational type of activity. The
home economics classes have not only
given instruction in food conservation
but have modified the demonstrations
so as to teach how well-balanced meals
may be prepared and yet conform to
the wishes of the food administrators.
The manual training classes are busily
engaged in the business of making
splints, tongue depressors and boxes in
which to ship Red Cross supplies,
canes, crutches, etc. The sewimr
classes have aided the Red Cross
workers in making handkerchief nap
kins, wash cloths, mufflers, pillow
slips, etc., as well as in making gar
ments for the refugees, hospital gar-
It will be interesting, therefore, as I ope:tating socks and masks.
well as suggestive to review rapidly
and incompletely the lines of activity
Special Courses
The school authorities have also felt
which have been and now are being | the need to establish new courses in
pursued in the public schools through
out the nation. Attempts have been
made to get reports from tlie schools
in this state, but hardly a dozen have
had the time or inclination to reply,
hence it will be necessary to consider
the work being done in the larger
field of the nation as a whole.
Information Centers
Perhaps no one feature Is more uni-
formlv found in the war work of the
such subjects as wireless telegraphy,
automobile repairing, electric wiring,
machine shop work, gas engine work,
etc. In many places special evening
classes and part-time classes are in-
operation. Special efforts have been,
made to reach and teacli tlie foreign-
born and the native-born of foreig .
parents. In Portland, Oregon, special
coui’ses have been instituted in pip'
bending and caulking for the direct
, f .! purpose of helping the ship building
schools than their use as centers of ■ industry in obtaining competent wori-L
information about the war. Definite | men. Schools located near military
insti-uction has been given the pupils j training camps, as at San Antonio
in the causes, aims, and purposes of i Texas, have been placed at the dis-
the War; in the nature, use and value, posal of the military authorities,
of War Savings Stamps and Liberty j an t '*
Bonds; in the need and me^ns for food' 1 Ogetner
conservation, etc. This information, In fact there is scarcely a singh.-
has been thus relayed from the gov- i phase of the public school work un-
ernment through the pupils to the men • affected .by the war or not directly con-
and women in the homes. I tributing to the winning of it. 'feach-
School auditoriums have been used ers, principals, and superintendents
as places in which to assemble the are giving freely and fully of their
people and there to give instruction time and of their best thought to help
directly to the people. School papers our nation in its fight for freedom,
and magazines—as in Winston-Salem justice, and right. The educative pro-
—have been made the organs for' cess is slow but once set in motion it
American p’ropaganda. Literary and ^ is irresistible. Time only can estimate
debating societies have made their | the worth and power of this magnani-
programs largely patriotic In nature mous attitude of the public school sys-
and the members have been enlisted in! tern with all its forces working togetk-
first-hand campaign w’ork. I er for a common end.
VO- rendered the county a servive of real
" I value.—News and Observer.
ROCKINGHAM ANALYZED
Rockingham County: Economic and
Social is a new bulletin that has justi
gone to the printers. It is the work^
of the Rockingham County Club, in!
the workshop of the North Carolina;
Club at the University, during the
chance intervals of a busy college
year.
The chapters are; Foreword, E. C.
Branson; Historical Background, T. D.
Stokes; Naturaf Resources, T. D.
Stokes; Industries and Opportunities,
L. H. Hodges; Wealth and Taxation,
R. B. Gwynn; Facts About the Folks,
E. F. Duncan; Farm Conditions and
Practices, C. H. Smith and N. A.
Womack; Home-Raised Food and the
Local Market Problem, T. D. Stokes;
Non-Food Crops, T. D. Stokes; Our
Public School Rank and Progress, E.
F. Duncan; MTiere We Lead, T. D.
Stokes; and Our Problems and Their
Solution, W. E. Price.
It has been good for these young
men to explore the problems of life
and business, progress and prosperity
in their home county, to hunt down
the conditions and causes that cripple
and disable her civilization, and to
puzzle at the ways and means of lift
ing her to the very highest levels of
noble achievement. It has been a self-
educative preparation for competent
citizenship and intelligent public ser
vice.
They have come to believe that it is
a shame for any Rockingham county
citizen to be ignorant about Rocking
ham county, no matter how much he
may know about Greece and Rome.
This bulletin ought to be used as a
text-book by the seniors in the high
schools of the county and by the pub
lic school teachers in their profession
al studies. It might well be thumbed
thoroughly by the preachers as well as |
the farmers, merchants, bankers, andi
manufacturers of the county. All of.
them will find it full of food for re
flection.
Home-Bred Citizenship
The study of Rockingham county by
Rockingham boys at the University
is well worth "while, but the study of
Rockingham county by Rockingham
people in Rockingham is even better;
and it is the next step forward in the
developing democracy of Rockingham.
The people who have a genuine,
generous interest in the welfare and
well-being of their home-county could
do no better thing than to bunch up
in Rockingham for studies, of this sort.
“Local Study Clubs; Essays at Citi
zenship” is a new University Bulle
tin that shows them just how to do it.
It can be had free of charge upon ap
plication to the Extension Bureau here.
It may be important for the big out
side world to know about the resources
and advantages of Rockingham; about
the opportunities she offers to capital
ists seeking profitable investments in
producing enterprises, and the bar
gains she has for western farmers in
her soil and seasons, good roads, and
excellent schools. But it is far more
important for Rockingham to have an
intelligent grip upon her own prob
lems of life and business.
The future of a county depends upon
native intelligence, native genius, and
native home-bred leadership far more
than it does upon imported capital
however large, or imported men how
ever fine and capable.
Democracy develops from within. It
can not be laid on from without, drop
ped down as manna rrom above, or
imported as a blessing from abroad.
It must be the free outward expres
sion- of inward grace and grit. Every
Community rises, if it rise at all, by
heroic tugging at its owm boot-straps.
This is our American ideal of democ
racy, and it must be the ideal of
Rockingham and of every other coun
ty and community in the Unite-d
States.
DO NOT HILL THE PIGEONS
Under this title the Scientific Amer
ican "warns the American people that
the Pigeon Section of the Signal Corps
is training thousands of carrier pig
eons for communicative ser-vice with
the American Army, and that many
have been shot by hunlei'o in ignor
ance of the fact that they are serious
ly interfering with one of the most
useful branches of war preparation.
Any pigeon in the air may be a car
rier flying under training from a gov
ernment loft. All persons are there
fore urged not to shoot at pigeons, an l
to warn others, especially boys,
against doing so. Persons coming into
possession of pigeons labelled “U. P
A.—18” are requested to report tin
fact at once to the office of the chief
signal officer. Land Division, Washing -
ton, D. C.—A. H. Patterson, U. N. C,
faculty.