The Library,
Chapel Hill,
The news in this publica
tion is released for the press on
receipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Carolina
for its Bureau of Extension.
OCTOBER 16,1918
CHAPEL HHJ., N. C.
VOL. IV, NO. 47
Bditorial Board . E. C. Branson, J. G. deR. Hamilton, L. R, Wilson, R. H. Thornton, G. M. McKie.
Batered as second-class matter November t4,1914, at the Postofflce at Chapel Hill, N, C., under the act of August 24 1912
LOYALOAMERICAN WOMEN
Millions of women in the United
States are engaged in war work.
Seven hundred thousand serve as ac
tive workers in the organization of the
National Woman’s Liberty Loan com
mittees. Seventy thousand women are
employed on the railroads. Hundreds
of tliousands of women are laboring in
the munition factories. Other hun
dreds of thousands serve in clerical
work directly related to the war. As
many more are engaged in the Red-
Cross and other activities for the
amelioration of war conditions.
The women of America are doing
their share in the winning of the war,
both by actual work and by the tre
mendous force of their moral in
fluence. It is fitting that their service
should he memorialized, and Saturday,
October 5, was designated for obser
vation in the Fourth Liberty Loan
campaign as Women in War Work
Day.—William G. McAdoo, Secretary
of the Treasury.
THE WOMEN SAVE ENGLAND
Fully 6,000,000 women in the United
Kingdom are engaged in whole-time
work much of which, in one way or
another, is essential to the war, Har
old Begbio, an English journalist and
novelist, writes in a London news
paper. In three years 621,000 women
were added to the payrolls of Eng
land’s munition factories, he asserts.
Incomplete figures which he compiled
showing the number of women in var
ious trades and occupations, follow:
Metal, chemical, and textile 2,708,000
Admiralty, dockyards, ord-
nance, &c 210,000
Finance, banking, commerce 946,000
Transport, including trams 111,000
Local authorities’ service .. 231,000
Agriculture (not including
1918 recruits) 74,000
Hospitals 64,000
Civil service (including Post
190,000
Hotels, taverns, theatres, &c 207,000
In addition, there are nearly 200,000
women employed in a service of a mili
tary nature, such as the Queen Mary s
Auxiliary Corps and the Womens
Naval Service.
Our Amazons, Begbie says, have
saved us. We could not have continued
the straggle without their help. They
have not only enabled millions of men
to be eprolled in the army; they have
doubled and trebled the national out
put of munitions of war.
Behind the pretty girls in attractive
uniforms who are doing most usetul
work, there are millions of women toil
ing in the sweat of their brows from
morning to night at work either so
hard that it was thought before 1914
no woman could perform it, or so dan
gerous that no man ever dreamed ot
asking a woman to do it.
The spirit in which these women
have come forward to take the plate ot
men is beyond praise. They have been
a steady influence in trade disputes.
They have shown the utmost courage
in moments of danger or panic. Many
of them are doing either exceedingly
hard work or extremely monotonous
work. Their physical endurance has
equaled their powers of nervous re
sistance to fatigue. Their morality hms
been superior to that of men. N.
Times.
strength doing men’s work on farms,
trains and trams, in factories, banks
and stores.
She could bear to think of the
French women—to think of them with
tears and prayers, for surely never in
the history of human life has there
been such matchless fortitude, such
heroic endurance, such melting smiles
of high courage. Even to try to de
scribe it is a sort of sacrilege. She
could bear that, she said. She could
bear for us to be outdone in self-
sacrifice and patience and self-denial
by our sisters of France and Belgium,
Servia and Poland, and of England,
our own England.
But she could not bear, she said, to
be outdone by the German women.
She could not live without suffoca
tion and know that it is the enduring
patience of the German woman that
lets the war go on. That it is her
pinching trift that keeps her sons fed
and fighting in the field. That it is
her labor that keeps the munition out
put up to the mark. That it is her
field work that keeps the haiwests
coming in abundantly. That it is her
eternal sticking on the job that keeps
the schools and shops going, that
keeps the public utilities in commis
sion, that keeps the factory wheels
turning, that keeps the German nation
alive today.
And with Dr. Lovejoy we registered
a VOW' that day.
We said, that little group of per
haps two hundred Southern women
who listened and wept together—we
said, and we mean it—that no German
woman should outdo us in patience, in
self-denial, in resolute thrift, in un
ceasing work, in high thftiking and
plain living till this war is won.—
E. N.
HOWIWOMEN CAN HELPJi
THEY VOWED A VOW
The name of Esther Lovejoy, of The
American Red Cross, deserves to stand
high on the war’s roll of honor.
Two years behind the front at Com-
piegne and sixteen months at Evian
this dauntless little American woman
served our boys and our allies without
money and without price—served m
my place and yours. While we were
at home busy with our own
affairs, she was over there witWthe
suffering, the limitless agony or t
stricken women and children oi
France. , ,
And the message that she most
deeply impressed upon us who were
privileged to hear her speak was this.
She could bear, she said, to be out
done in patriotism, in the patriotism ot
sheer, daily, uncomplaining '
nial, by the British. She could see
delicately reared women stand m tne
railway stations all day long,
after week, washing dishes, say,_ t
the multitudes of refreshed soldier ,
going and coming; not out in front, to
grasp hands and say cheering words to
hundreds of thousands in every montn,
but behind, unseen, in greasy overalls,
hands in dirty dishwater, washing,
washing, six hours a day, five oays
week, twelve, fifteen, eighteen months
on a stretch, without relief or thoug
of relief. ., .i.- u
She could bear, she said, to think oi
the six million English women worK-
ing to the very limit of their phys
1. Pledge, give, invest, buy, read,!
cheer, praise, plant, conserve, sacrifice
and pray. Keep the food pledge card
by observing meatless, wheatless and
wasteless days and thus save more
food for our nation and our allies.
2. Join the Red Cross Society and
help care for the noble soldiers, who
have offered their lives for their coun
try.
3. Invest in the U. S. Thrift securi
ties and help to make the nation a na
tion of saving and not spending.
4. Read more wholesome literature
and thus keep your own feelings and
thoughts bright and healthy.
5. Keep the conversation cheerful
around your fireside and encourage
amusements and recreation for the
young and old, that they may not be
come morbid.
6. Let no one criticize your Coun
try, your President or your Govern
ment in your presence, for remember
that every unjust criticism helps the
enemy and discourages your loved one
at the front.
7. Plan now to plant and cultivate
your garden as you never have before
and get the boys and girls interested
in gardening also.
8. Plan to have a poultry yard and
raise your own chickens and eggs and
some, too, to- sell to your neighbors.
9. Use every wholesome substitute
you can for flour and meat and thus
conserve for the nation.
10. Buy sensible, comfortable cloth
ing for yourself and your family but
do not indulge in extravagances.
11. When you have done all in your
power to assist this great straggle for
Liberty and Peace do not forget that
without God’s help and blessing upon
the cause we believe to be .just, your
own efforts will be in vain, and so do
not forget to Pray.—Oxford Public
Ledger.
NEW SERVICE FOR WOMEN
Winning the wounded back to health
has offered a new opportunity for
woman. She takes her charge when
the nurse has done with him, and he is
advanced to the convalescent stage,
where interest for the mind is more
important than ministration for the
body. This new career for women is
called occupational therapy, and War
Service Classes have been at work for
some time at 680 Fifth Avenue, New
York, fitting women for these duties.
Physicians and surgeons say that noth
ing tends so greatly to impede the
health of a patient as a lack of some
thing with which to occupy his mind.
The classes started last spring with
forty-two women, and most of this
number have already qualified for ser
vice in the convalescent hospitals eith
er here or in France. The call has re
cently come from France for as many
as a thousand women to act as aids in
occupational therapy, and the school
is endeavoring to help meet this de-
'^Weaving, modeling, toy-making,
wood-carving, basketry, block-printing.
A TOAST TO THE FLAG
A tribute in The New Britain
Herald (Connecticut), recited in the
House of Representatives by Hon.
Hubert D. Stephens.
Here’s to the Red of it—
There’s not a thread of it.
No, nor a shred of it,
In all the spread of it.
From foot to head,
But heroes bled for it.
Faced steel and lead for it.
Precious blood shed for it,
Bathing it red.'
Here’s to the White of it—
Thrilled by the sight of it—
Who knows the right of it
But feels the might of it
Through day and night?
Womanhood’s care for it
Made manhood dare for it;
Purity’s prayer for it
Kept it so white.
Here’s to the Blue of it—
Heavenly view of it.
Star-spangled hue of it,
Honesty’s hue of it,
Here’s to the whole of it,
Constant and true.
Stars, stripes and pole of it;
Here’s to the soul of it—
Red, White, and Blue.
programs are 26c each, but must be
ordered in lots of not less than 10.
Each club is advised to buy 6 reference
books. The publisher’s price of these
is $7.75. The University will be glad
to order them for clubs so desiring.
The program provides for 16 meet
ings and the outline is so printed, with
spaces for written inserts, that no Club
using this program need go to the ex
pense of printing a special year book.
And in this time of unremitting thrift,
that is a consideration not to be neg
lected by the loyal daughters of North
Carolina—Bettie D. Windley, Chair
man of Publicity, N. C. F. W.
simple metal-work, simple bookbind
ing, and various kinds of handiwork
• including netting and knitting, are-'
some of the subjects taught. Theyj
are things that an invalid soldier i
could quickly learn how to do. They j
are, above ail, things that would servo;
to take his mind off the scenes of the
past.
Surgeon-General Gorgas lays down
these qualifications for women enter
ing this field:
Every effort will be made to choose
for this service women of unusual
strength of character. They should
be able to do hard and serious work,
to spend long hours when occasion de
mands, to forego many of the luxuries
and comforts of normal home life,
properly to subordinate their personal
interests to the good of the seiwice,
and to cooperate with the medical
officers, nurses and others in the con
duct of their work.
Finally, Reconstruction Aids must be
between 25 and 40 years of age.—N.
Y. Times.
LIBERTY LOAN SLOGANS
Wear your old clothes and buy
Liberty Bonds.
Liberty Bonds or German bondage.
The soldier gives; you must lend.
Liberty Bonds or German taxes.
Buy over here to win over there.
It’s billions for defense or billions
for indemnity.
For Foch and freedom; buy bonds.
A bond slacker is the Kaiser’s back
er.
A man who won’t lend is the Kais
er’s friend.
The more bonds you buy the fewer
boys will die.
Let all get on the bond wagon.
Be one of the million to lend the
billions.
Dig up the coin and bury the Hun.
Buy bonds before it’s verboten.
Idle dollars are pro-German.
Put the “pay” into patriotism.
Bonds speak louder than words.
If you can’t fight, your money can.
Freemen buy bonds; slaves wear
them.—Liberty Loan Publicity Bureau.
A CLUB WOMEN’S PROGRAM
The University of North Carolina
presents this year a most attractive
Extension War Leaflet, the work of
Mrs. T. W. Lingle, Adviser to Women
at the University, under the title, A
Study for the North Carolina Federa
tion of Women’s Clubs 1918-19. It is
a series of Outline Studies on the
Historical Background and the Litera
ture of the Great War. Vol. 1, No. 20.
Each of the 16 programs contained
in the Leaflet consists of two topics
for study and discussion, to be follow
ed by a review of one or more of three
or four appropriate books.
Four page.s of General References
of books for study are included, and the
whole work is ample tribute to the
wisdom and thoughtfulness of the
author and of the women who are to
benefit by it.
NEW BOND BUYERS NEEDED
The home-guard patriots of North
Carolina, men and women alike, are
now busy marketing forty million dol
lars of fourth liberty loan bonds.
It looks like a big undertaking and
it is. It amounts to almost exactly $60
per family, counting both races.
Many households will be unable to
buy a fifty dollar bond; which means
that the thrifty well-to-do will need
to buy beyond this average—just as
far beyond it as self-denying patri
otism will permit.
North Carolina did well with the
third liberty loan. Our quota was 18
millions and 24 millions were subscrib
ed. It was a third over the mark,
which was the average for the coun
try-at-large. In the amount subscrib
ed we kept up with the procession
pretty well.
But—of the 2.434,000 in the state in
1918, only 81,582 people bought bonds.
Which is to say, only 34 people in
every 1,000 were bond buyers, while
966 had no part in this loan.
The average of buyers in the United
States was 175 per 1,000 of population.
In this particular we were at the
bottom of the list. Every other South
ern state stood ahead of us. Not even
South Carolina afforded us any satis-
faction. Her buyers numbered 53 per
1,000 of population. They out number
ed our bond buyers by more than 50
per cent!
The table below shows the counties
ot the state ranked according to bond
buyers per 1,000 of population. New
Hanover and Mecklenburg heading the
list, with Stokes, Pender, Currituck
and Graham trailing the rear in the
order named.
Only 23 counties were above the
state average of 34 per 1,000, while 77
counties were below it.
An examination of this table shows
two things; (1) the lead of the cities
and the big-city counties, and (2) the
absolute necessity of our getting to
the county bounties and the country
people in the big-city counties.
have assumed
liheX purchase of
liberty bonds and war stamps. The
country people have the money and
the fervent patriotism. They wffl take
lar million dol-
WE WILL NOT FAIL
something of my trust in
the justice of Almighty God if I doubt
ed the ultimate triumph of our rieht-
raus cause. In the faith of the Puritans,
in the valor of the Cavaliers, in the en
durance of the patriots from Concord
to Yorktown through bleeding marches
and staiwing days, in the unspeakable
agony of Belgium, in the splendid and
unconquerable courage of Franbe, in
the daring and suffering of. Italy, in
the grim and uncomplaining sacrifices
of Great Britain and her colonials from
the four quarters of the globe, in
memory of the women and children of
the Lusitania and the crews of peabe-
ful merchantmen done to death by the
assassins of the sea, in punishment of the
lawlessness of the German Government
and the perfidity of her broken promises, in
vindication of our right to order our ways
as we choose, and in loyalty to the
sovereignty of man above the usurpa
tions of royal pretenders, let us take
heart to strike in the full measure of
our strength, to the limit of our ener
gies and resources, as becomes the
sons of men whose name and fame
we bear.—Clarence Ousley, Assistant
Secretary of Agriculture.
Human happiness has no guarantee
but liberty; liberty none but virtue;
virtue none but knowledge; and neith
er liberty nor virtue, nor knowledge
has any vigor or immortal hope, save
in the principles of Christian faith, and
in the sanctions of Christian reKgion.
—Josiah Quincy.
THIRD LIBERTY LOAN IN NORTH CAROLINA. BY COUNTIES
Based on the Report of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
ERNESTINE NOA, University of North Carolina.
State average of Subscribers per 100 of population, 3.4; U. S. average 17.5.
MISS WINDLEY’S VERDICT
More and more in each of the States
its University functions as leader of
the thought of its people. And in the
forefront stands North Carolina.
The Extension Department, rapidly
bringing the people and the University
into sympathetic relationship, has as
its latest development the Division for
Women. Three years ago the head of
the Extension Department offered to
help study clubs in preparing their
programs. This year the University
offers a program written by our own
Mrs. T. W. Lingle, who knows so well
what we club women like.
The subject for the year is. The
Historical Background and the Litera
ture of the Great War. You will see
that the program is in two sections—
how much do we club women know
about either ?
When your boy comes home he will
have assimilated much history, tradi
tion and geography of the foreign
lands he has lived and fought in. If
you would be ready to enter under-
rtandingly into his interests you must
prepare by study and reading for the
pleasures of that happy reunion.
If your club or private libraries do
not contain the books mentioned in
the program, you can order them from
the University Library, which stands
ready to cooperate.
About 400 North Carolina women
have ordered programs. The General
Federation has asked for several hund
red copies to show the women of
other states what we are doing. The
Per cent of
Rank Counties Pop. Subscribing
1. New Hanover 29.89
2. Mecklenburg 10.61
3. Pasquotank 9.19
4. Nash 6.92
5. Ashe 6.85
6. Guilford 5.67
7. Wayne 5.32
8. Vance 5.30
9. Lenoir 5.25
10. Durham 5.04
11. Beaufort 5.03
12. Alamance 5.02
13. Buncombe 4.69
14. Wake 4.48
15. Transylvania 4.06
16. Cabarras 3.93
17. Polk 3.88
18. Lee 3.80
19. Forsyth 3.78
19. Halifax 3.78
21. McDowell 3.60
22. Richmond 3.58
23. Wilson 3.53
24. Henderson 3.40
25. Gaston 3.34
26. Mooi'e 3.22
26. Perquimans 3.22
28. Scotland 3.13
29. Martin 3.07
30. Union 3.01
31. Alexander 2.96
32. Alleghany 2.92
33. Anson 2.86
34. Robeson 2.74
35. Rowan 2.65
36. Catawba 2.56
37. Craven 2.48
37. Jones 2.48
39. Person 2.43
39. Pitt 2.43
39. Pamlico 2.43
42. Cleveland 2.39
43. Cumberland 2.33
44. Harnett 2.32
45. Orange 2.30
46. Rockingham 2.28
47. Caldwell 2.26
48. Burke 2.22
49. Stanly 2.19
50. Sampson 2.16
Per cent of
Rank Counties Pop. Subscribin g
51. Gates 2.13
52. Edgecombe 2.12
53. Haywood 2.09
54. Davidson 2.06
55. Chowan 2.04
56. Northampton 2.03
56. Washington 2.03
58. Bertie 1.90
59. Franklin 1.82
60. Carteret 1.76
61. Camden 1.75
'•fi2. Cherokee 1.74
62. Swain 1.74
64. Caswell 1.73
65. Jackson 1.72
66. Iredell 1.63
67. Madison 1.62
68. Hertford 1.61
68. Granville 1.61
70. Lincoln 1.60
70. Wilkes 1.60
72. Johnston 1.58
72. Rutherford 1.58
74. Randolph 1.56
75. Watauga 1.46
76. Greene 1.44
77. Surry 1.33
78. Montgomery 1.32
79. Yancey 1.22
80. Bladen 1.18
81. Tyrell 1.16
82. Davie 1.14
83. Warren 1.11
84. Clay 98
85. Hoke 95
86. Chatham .91
87. Columbus 81
88. Onslow 78
89. Brunswick 77
90. Mabon 65
91. Duplin 63
92. Mitchell 43
93. Dare 20
94. Hyde 19
94. Yadkin 10
96. Avery 13
97. Stokes 12
98. Pender 05
99. Currituck Not reported
100. Graham Not reported