L
■iHHi
The news in this publica
tion is released for the press on
receipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Csnolina
for its Bureau of Extension.
lOVEMBER 3,1920
CHAPEL HHX, N. C.
VOL VI, NO. 50
Boara . B. 0. Branson, L. B. Wilson, E. W. Knight. D. D. CarroU, J. B. Bnllitt.
Entered as second-class matter November 14, 1914, at the Postoffice at (JhapeJ Hill, N« C., under the act of August 24, 1912
IMPORTANT NEW BULLETINS
FIRST COUNCIL BULLETIN
The proceedings of the first State and
!ouHty Couficil, held at the State tini
er sity in September of last year, will
3on'*be going into the mails.
It gives to the public brief stenograph-
; reports of thirty-one addresses and
iscussions by federal, state, and county
ificials who were assembled together
)r the first time in North Carolina to
ffect closer working relationships in
ehalf of increased service to the peo-
le of the state. The second meeting
• the Council was set for August 17,
it was postponed on account of the
>ecial session of the legislature.
The first Council session was a unique
/ent and it occasioned wide-spread
imment in the press of the country at
rge. The frontispiece of the bulletin
■eserves the editorial of the New York
vening Post and the Raleigh News
id Observer.
The bulletin is issued by the Univer-
ty Extension Bureau. A copy can be
ad by addressing a request to Dr. L.
. Wilson, Chapel Hill, N. C.
What Taxes Pay For
This bulletin exhibits in detail the
rvices that state and county officials
:e trying to render to the people of
le state in return for the state and
>unty taxes they pay. The contents
■e as follows;
he State and County Council-Lenoir
Chambers.
ddress of Welcome—President H. W.
Chase.
penmg Address—Gov. T. W. Bickett.
nified County Government Under Re
sponsible Headship—W. C. Boren,
ar New Educational System—E. C.
Brooks.
le Public Health Problem—Dr. W. S.
Rankin.
ractical Work of the Juvenile Court
and Probation Officer—Judge Chas.
N. Feidelson.
le Revaluation Act—Gov. T. W. Bick
ett.
le Development of the County Sys
tem of Roads and the Need of a
County Engineer—W. L. Spoon,
le Consolidation of School Districts—
George Howard, Jr.
)jects and Methods of State Health
Work—Dr. A. J. Warren,
le Fee and Salary System and the
County Fee Fund: Its Importance—
W. A. McCirt.
le Jungle of County Government—E.
C. Branson.
le Development of a Highway System
by Connecting In.ter-County Roads
— Frank Page.
le State Program - in Agricultural
Work—Dr. B. W. Kilgore,
hat is expected of County Welfare
Boards and Superintendents—Ro
wland F. Beasley.
he Paction of Directed Play and Or
ganized Recreation in Child Wel
fare—R. K. Atkinson,
ase Work in Handling Dependent,
.Delinquent, and Neglected Children
■ Mrs. Clarence A. Johnson!
hjects and Methods of County Health
Work-Dr. B. E. Washburn,
ooperation of the Federal Government
in Building State Roads—E. W.
James.
arm County Account Keeping and
-George
of a County—A. T. Allen.
Statewide Auditing of County Accounts
—J. J. Bernard.
Closing Address—Gov. Thomas W. Bick
ett.
ANOTHER COUNTY BULLEtiN
During the last college year four
county bulletins were prepared by stu
dents in the Rural Social Science de
partment of the University. One of
these-7-Caston County: Economic and
Social—was given to the public last
spring. The Halifax county bulletin is
just now going into the mails. Two are
still in the hands of the printers-the
Pitt and Beaufort bulletins.
These publications have been financed
by the business men of the counties
with money for advertising space, and
by donations from public-spirited citi
zens because of pride in their home
counties. In every instance the local
alumni of the University, and the coun
ty superintendent of schools, have been
actively interested.
The cooperation of the home folks is
absolutely necessary to the publication
of these county bulletins. The Univer
sity does not have the money to publish
them, and if it had it ought not to spend
money this way; it is primarily a local
county concern.
A large number of bulletins are prac
tically ready for publication. They
merely await the interest and activity
of public-spirited citizens in the various
i counties.
I Swain County Bulletin
1 Swain County: Economic and Social
I is a bulletin of ten chapters by Mr. and
Mrs. Harry F. Latshaw. The chapter
headings are: (1) A Brief History of
Swain, (2) Natural Resources and Ad
vantages, (3) Industries and-Opportu
nities, (4) Facts About the Folks, (5)
Wealth and Taxation, (6) Public Schools,
(7) Farm Conditions and Practices, (8)
Food Production and the Local Market
Problem, (9) Things to Be Proud of in
Swain, and (10)_ Swain County Problems
and Their Solution.
The work of the authors on this bul
letin registers a high-water mark. There
is no such bulletin for any other moun
tain county, and it will be a great pity
if the lively, alert citizens of Swain do
not arrange at some early day for its
publication.
Reporting; Why and How?
J.]^cott, C. P. A.
Income Tax and Solvent Credits
Amendments — Judge George P.
ervation of Childhood-Dr. George
I. Cooper.
It Hygiene Work in North Carolina
-Mrs. Kate Brew Vaughn.
;ical Organization of the Work of
he County Welfare Superintendent
-A. S. McFarlane.
.ax Question from the Taxpayers’
tandpoint—A. J. Maxwell.
4odel Plan of State and Local Tax-
tion—Dr. Charles J. Bullock,
siplete Program of State Health
i^ork—Dr. Allen W. Freeman,
ty Government as It Might Be in
forth Carolina—Judge Henry G.
onnor, Jr.
ingthe Teacher Training Agencies
WOMAN CITIZENSHIP
Continuing its work of helping wo
men prepare themselves for their duties
as citizens, the bureau of extension of
the University has issued a new bulle
tin for study by women clubs under the
title of Constructive Ventures in Gov
ernment, a manual of discussion and
study Of women’s new part in the new
er fields of citizenship. It has been pre
pared by Dr. Howard W. Odum, new
professor of sociology and dean of the
school of public welfare.
The bureau has already issued 3 bul
letins on allied subjects which have
been studied widely by women’s clubs,
Mrs. Thomas W. Lingle’s Americaniza
tion Studies of the peoples and move
ments that are building up the nation;
Prof. D. D. Carroll’s Studies in Citizen
ship for women, and Dr. J. F. Hanford’s
Our Heritage, a Study through Litera
ture of the American Tradition.
The new bulletin is not a technical
study of civil government but a program
of study based on the interpretation of
present-day social problems and needs
of local, state and national government.
Some of the chapters deal with Govern
ment and Social problems of the Town
and City, Government and Social Prob
lems of County, Village, and Open Coun
tryside, Government and Public Service
to the State. The last chapter deals espe
cially with North Carolina, the state ad
ministration, public finance and business,
public welfare, public health, public
education, franchise and voting.—Le
noir Chamber.
OUR TIMBER SHORTAGE
No substantial decrease in the price
of lumber and timber for building and
manufacture can be expected in the
near future. True, wholesale prices
TRUE AMERICANISM
Henry Van Dyke
What is true Americanism and
where does it reside? Not on the
tongue nor in the clothes nor among
the transient social forms, refined or
rude, which mottle the surface of
life. True Americanism is this:
To believe that the inalienable
rights of man to life and liberty and
the pursuit of happiness are given of
God.
To believe that any form of power
that tramples on these rights is un
just.
To believe that taxation without
representatian is tyranny; that gov
ernment must rest upon the consent
of the governed, and that the people
should choose their own rulers.
To believe that freedom must be
safeguarded by law and order, and
that the end of freedom is fair play
for all.
To believe not in a forced quality
of conditions and estates, but in a
true equalization of burdens, privi
leges and opportunities.
To believe that the selfish interests
of persons, classes and sections must
be subordinate to the welfare of the
commonwealth.
To believe that the Union is as
much a necessity as liberty is a di
vine gift.
To believe that a free state should
offer an asylum to the oppressed,
and be an example of virtue, sobri
ety, and fair dealing to all nations.
To believe that for the existence
and perpetuity of such a state a man
should be willing to give his whole
service in labor and in life.
COUNTRY HOME CONVENIENCES
LETTER SERIES No, 33
FARM LIGHTING SET STORAGE BAT^'ERIES—I
Like the proverbial chain, every farm
lighting set has its weak link, and that
link is the storage-battery. The weak
ness of this link, however, depends not
so much on the material of which it is
made as upon the way it is treated. The
way the battery is made has something
to do with it, of course, but whether it
lasts one year or ten depends most large
ly on how it is treated from week to
week, and month to month.
A storage battery is a good deal like
the farm horse in some respects. The
work you can get out of a horse in the
long run depends on the amount of food
you give him. If you continually work
him too hard and feed him too little he
will starve to death. On the other hand
over-feeding is not only expensive but
dangerous.
you like every once in a while to go to
a barbecue where you eat just a little
more than you really need. If you don’t
over-do it, perhaps it is good for your
spirits.
Regular Rations the Mule
Just so with storage batteries. You
can’t take more energy out of them
than you put in. If you do you will
starve them to death, literally. And
just like the horse, if you habitually
give it more than is necessary you
will not only be wasting money but you
will soon have your battery in just as
bad a condition as if you had starved
it.
Give your batteries regular rations
with an occasional blow out in the way
of an overcharge. They like it just as
Just Lihe, How Old Is Ann?
We have often been asked how long
a storage battery will last. It is a good
deal like the question. How old is Ann?
We have seen batteries go to pieces in
a few months. This is quite common
with automobile starting and lighting
batteries. But the automobile battery
bears just about the same resemblance
to a farm lighting battery that a Shet
land pony does to a fourteen hundred
pound farm horse.
Did you ever see a man of what you
might call comfortable proportions rid
ing down the street behind a little Shet
land poiiy? That is just the sort of a
job a little three-cell automobile battery
has when it strains and tugs to start a
super-six on a cold day. And the job
that a farm lighting battery has in start
ing the simple little one-cylinder engine
on a farm lighting , set is just about as
large as a good big farm horse would
have if you hitched him to a brand new
rubber-tired sulky.
No, there isn’t any comparison be
tween the automobile battery and the
farm lighting 'battery. And thereby
hangs a tale!—P. H. D.
have dropped 35 percent in the remote
shipping centers during the last six
months, but the public is paying more
than ever for wood construction and
manufactured wooden products of every
sort whatsoever.
The annual demand is around 56 bil
lion board feet of lumber, pulpwood,
acid wood, and fuel. What we do not
produce at home we must import from
abroad, from Canada mainly.
As for lumber alone, the annual de
mand is around 35 billion board feet.
But in 1918 we produced only 32 billion
feet, which is the smallest total in 20
years—more than 8 billion feet less
than in 1910.
Five years ago North Carolina stood
fourth from the top in lumber cut, with
more than 2 billion board feet to her
credit; but in 1918 she fell to the tenth
place with one and a quarter billion feet.
Similar decreases occur practically
everywhere except in the Rocky Moun
tain and Pacific Coast states.
We are taking about 26 billion cubic
feet of material out of the forests of
the United States yearly; and we are
growing new timber at the rate af about
6 billion cubic feet a year.
All of which means that the timber
of the country as a whole is being used
and destroyed four times as Sast as
new timber is growing.
Wholesale Consequences
As a result the price of wood of any
sort for any use whatsoever is begin
ning to be prohibitive. When labor
and transportation again become nor
mal, coal will be cheaper than wood to
burn, and brick and concrete cheaper
to build with.
Wood has at last become a luxury in
America as in the Old World Countries.
The price of lumber is so high that we
are now entering upon a national era of
brick and stone, steel and concrete con
struction. Sooner or later every coun
try moves out of perishable wood into
durable brick and stone construction.
In America this era has come a century
or so earlier than any prophet could
have foreseen.
Meantime the shortage has forced
news print into figures that threaten
the weekly press with bankruptcy. The
wood-working establishments are with
great difficulty securing fit material in
steady reliable quantities at any price.
Building construction is four years de
layed on account of the war, and the
housing problem is everywhere acute.
Wood construction is well nigh impos
sible because lumber and labor are both
so high that nobody can figure dividends
on costs. Practically every thing is
dropping in price except wages and
wood.
The situation is serious and the gen
eral public ought to be accurately in
formed about it. Write your Congress
man for (1) the June 1920 Report of
the Forest Service on Timber Deple
tion, Lumber Prices, Lumber Exports,
and Concentration of Timber Owner
ship, (2; for Circular No. 112 of the U.
S. Department of Agriculture on Tim
ber Depletion and the Answer, and (3)
write the State Geological and Econom
ic Survey at Chapel Hill, N. C., for the
bulletins on Our Future Hardwood Sup
ply, Forest Protection or Devastation,
and A Minimum Forest Policy.
THE NEW VOTER
If the women continue as they are
beginning, they will soon know more
than their husbands, not only about the
wheels of politics but about what makes
the wheels go round and round and run
over the jay-walking man reformer.
Woman has always been clever at
using whatever happened to be handy
to accomplish the purpose that engaged
her attention at the moment. Where a
I man pulls a six-shooter or calls out the
I reserves to rout the villain, she foils
I him with a hatpin. Where he calls ki
a plumber and his helper with a wagon
load of tools, she reaches up into her
back hair and performs prodigies of
plumbing with a blond hairpin.
Already she is bending the current-
events club and the sewing circle to
political uses. To her direct mind the
why and wherefore and the mechanism
of voting are the most important of
current events. She opines that she
will find the heathen in politics needing
her attention, if not her ministrations.
She is more absorbed now in the com
plexities of the machine than the ob
scurities of Browning.
j Having cheered herself hoarse at one
I national convention without result, she
is already planning to go out of the
cheering business. At the next conven
tion she intends to sit in the back room
where the nominating is done.
If you will listen to the new voter’s
conversation, you will discover that she
not only wants to know but that she
wants to do. The hand that wields the
defensive hatpin may not shoot at the
rear tires of the machine that tries to
run her down, but it is capable of throw
ing tacks in the road. Men have been
telling the politicians to “be, good and
you’ll be happy’’. Women will tell thejn
to “be good or you’ll be sorry”. And
she will use the handiest weapon. She
is a practiced wielder of the hairbrush
and the ruler, and she knows the tender
spots.—The Saturday Evening Post.,
THE LUMBER CUT BY STATES,' 1918
Thirty-two billion board feet, the total output of 22,546 mills, cutting fifty
thousand board feet or more each. The output was 8 billion feet less than in
1910, and 5 billion feet less than in;i915.
Based on The Forest Service Reports
Department of Rural Social Science, University of North Carolina
States
Board Feet
States
Board Feet
1
Washington
4,603,123,000
22
New Hampshire ...
.... 350,000,000
2
Louisiana
3,450,000,000
23
Kentucky
• 340,000,000
3
Oregon.
.... 2,710,250,000
23
Montana
340,000,000
4
Mississippi
....1,936,000,000
25
New York
.. ..335,000,000
5
Arkansas
1,470,000,000
26
Missouri
273,000,000
6
Texas
.... 1,350,000,000
27
Indiana
260,000,000
7
California and Nevada. 1,277,084,000
28
Ohio
:... .235,000,000
8
Wisconsin •!.
1,275,000,000
29
Oklahoma
195,000,000
9
Alabama
1,270,000,000
30
Massachusetts ...
176,000,000
10
North Carolina ...
... 1,240,000,000
31
Vermont
160,000,000
11
Minnesota
1,006,000,000
32
New Mexico
88,915,000
12
Florida
950,000,000
33
Arizona
83,661,000
18
Michigan
940,000,000
34
Maryland
71,000,000
14
Virginia
855,000,000
36
Connecticut
64,000,000
15
Idaho
802,629,000
36
Colorado
56,882,000
16
West Virginia
720,000,000
37
Illinois
17
Maine
660,000,000
38
South Dakota
29,533,000
18
Tennessee
630,000,000
39
New Jersey
19,500,000
19
South Carolina...
646,000,000
40
Iowa
20
Pennsylvania
630,000,000
All other States ..
44,817,000
21
Georgia
515,000,000 1
Total
....31,890,494.000