North Carolina Newspapers

The news in this publi cation is released for the press on receipt. THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA NEWS LETTER Published Weekly by the University of North Caro lina for its University Ex tension Division. JULY 12, 1922 CHAPEL HILL, N. 0. VOL. Vm, NO. 34 Editorial Board t E- 0- Branson, 8. H. Hobba, Jr.. L. R. WiLon, E.W. Knight, D. D. Carroll, J, B. Bullitt, H. W. Odum. Entered as aecond-clasB matter November 14.1914, at the Postoffioo at Chapel Hill, N. C,. under the act of August 24, 1 STATE COLLEGE SUPPORT Thirty-two cents per white inhabi tant is what North Carolina gave out of the state treasury in 1920-21 to sup port college culture in the State Col lege for Women, the State College of Agriculture and Engineering, and the State University, “her three state insti tutions of college grade. And thirty-twOj cents is just about the cost of a single gallon of gasoline these days. Thirty-five states made a better show ing. See the table elsewhere. In the South eleven states spend more per white inhabitant for college culture, as follows: 1. Arizona, $1.66 2. South Carolina 1.25 3. Oklahoma 82 3. New Mexico 82 5. Mississippi 76 6. Texas 66 7. Virginia 52 8. Louisiana 47 9. Florida 41 10. Alabama 38 11. Georgia 35 12. North Carolina 32 13. Arkansas 29 14. Kentucky 20 15. Tennessee 16 working income large enough to make it fully worthy of the great common wealth it serves; and not infrequently some one or another of these institu tions is hopelessly crippled and hobbled. The policy of the Western states is concentration not diffusion in state col lege support. California, for instance, has four times the white population of South Carolina but it gives only three times as much for college support and this fund reaches more than three times as many students of college grade. Fortunate States Five of the states that rank below North Carolina in state college support per white inhabitant—Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Pennsyl vania, and New Jersey—are fortunate in having immensely wealthy private foundations like Harvard, Yale, Brown University, the University of Pennsyl vania, and Princeton, and thus are freed from the necessity of devoting state treasury funds to the support of state universities. The North Carolina Way And North Carolina is unique in the South. Nobody in this state pays a cent of tax on general property to sup port the state government, its depart- , , I ments, institutions, and enterprises. Twelfth in the South and thirty-sixth shoulders of well- in the United States is North Carolina s i rank in the oelumn of state support of $2,000, upon the rich who college culture. The averages are reck- ^ oned on the basis of white population a- ' chises, capital stock and incomes of lone; so (1) because negro property relatively small and negro students of college grade are relatively few in all the states, and (2) because there seems to be no other basis for a fair compari son of the states. The State is Moving Up There is great comfort in the fact that the legislature of North Carolina in 1921 moved its support of college cul ture from 32 cents to 66 cents per white inhabitant. The chances are that we have suddenly moved above five of the southern states that made a better showing in state-supported college cul ture in 1920-21. When other southern states were crying bankruptcy. North Carolina had the wisdom and the courage to double the support of her common schools and of all her institutions of benevolence, liberal learning,/and technical training. At the same time the legislature voted a loan fund of five millions to establish country high schools, another four mil lions for expansion in buildings and equipments for teacher training schools, colleges, and the university, and anoth er fifty millions for improved public highways. These are great investments, but they are not greater than the ready interest of the people of the state in these in dispensable foundations of common wealth progress. In proof of this fact witness the additional twenty millions voted by 110 local communities for bet ter school facilities in 1921. The will, of an awakened people out strips the daring of timid statesmen here and there. The folks in North Carolina have come to believe that taxes for schools, roads, and health are not burdens but investments that light en the burdens of life; that wealth and health, not bankruptcy, are at the turn of the road ahead, that' no community can be wrecked by better highways, bet ter schools and better health, that such a catastrophe has never yet happened to any community on earth since the world began to be. They ask the pro phets of disaster to point out such a community or county or city or country anywhere on the map, and they ask in vain. The South Carolina Way South Carolina gave more mainte nance money in 1920-21 to state insti tutions of college grade than any other state in the South except Texas and Oklahoma. Her college support fund was $1,022,000 against $672,600 in North Carolina. But this total was divided among five institutions, in amounts ranging from $70,000 to $353,000. The cost per white inhabitant was $1.26, the highest in the South except Arizona. The policy of diffusion rules in Virginia and is steadily developing in Georgia. The result is that no college of liberal learning or technical training has a and the like. College culture costs 32 cents per white inhabitant in North Carolina. That's the average, but there are more than two million people in this state who do not pay a cent of taxes to support the state colleges, the the state university, or the state insti tutions of benevolence. Our taxes on property go entirely to the support of local governments. It is a fact about taxation that every body knows, but like Lovey Mary he forgets it all the time, or at least every time he starts to raise Cain about state taxes. A SOUTH CAROLINA VERDICT North Carolina is qne of the greatest states in the Union and the richest state in the South. She has a diversi ty of manufacture and agriculture not matched by any other southern com monwealth. She pays double the a- mount of any other state in Dixie in federal income taxes. She has a pro gressive government, a statewide sys tern of good roads and a superb outlay of public schools. No feature of pro gressive improvement has been omit ted in her rise to the fore. It is due much to the general state movement that her cities have grown so rapidly, for the advancement of a state is bound to be most evident in her cities. It is well, therefore, that much of the time of our excursionists should be spent in the Tarheel state. She is only next door to us but North Carolina has many secrets of success that we have not yet mastered. It has been well said that North Carolina is rich in many things—but richest in modesty. The Greenville men will doubtless find that to be true. They may inspire the Tar- heelians to greater appreciation of their bounties. The people of Greenville—those who are not going on this trip—are inter ested in it and hope for its success be cause they are confident it will bring generous dividends to the city. One can not visit any other city of like size without being inspired to adopt some of its good features. Out of the tour should grow a recognition of the fact that Greenville has merely laid the foundation for a great city and that there is much more work to be done in the future than has been done in the past. The News is confident that the men who go on the tour will not only have a good time but a profitable time-pro fitable for the Greenville of tomorrow. —Greenville (S.C.) News. STILL IN THE LEAD The State of North Carolina will, in all probability, show a smaller re duction in the amount of taxes collected Released week beginning July 10. KNOW NORTH CAROLINA Carolina’s Foreign Trade It may sound mechanical to re peat that North Carolina business men should take more interest in the development of foreign trade. But our principal money-crops, cot ton and tobacco, are exported in large quantities; while there are a number of concerns in allied indus tries that enjoy a large foreign pat ronage. Of our raw cotton over sixty percent is shipped abroad. North Carolina tobacco is used in many foreign blends of the finished product, and the quality is so much appreciated that the fact that Caro lina tobacco is used is almost invari able advertised on the outer wrap per. .Yet this demand has grown naturally without very much con certed effort on the part of our busi ness interests. Our place in foreign markets has now become so secure, however, that we can look beyond New York and the larger financial centers and begin vigorously to es tablish direct marketing arrange ments between grower and foreign merchant. To this end. North Carolina banks in time should be able to take care of the local grower or dealer who wants to export his product at a cost commensurate with sound busi ness practices. In the same way too, local growers should organize for the protection and furtherance of their interests. Foreign trade—its pos sibilities, dangers and eccentricities — should be studied as thoroughly as our home markets. Expert advice, rigid organization, and^development of a growing sentiment conducive to export activities, are all factors that contribute to foreign exploita tion. And in doing all this we should try to look not always to Federal aid, but to local individual initiative for our needs. In this way, we are not only promoting a sturdier for eign business but we are also con tributing to our own domestic well being. More than that we are help ing to restore what is now so great ly needed—economic equilibrium throughout the world.—A. W. Mc Lean. during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1922, over the preceding year than any district in the United States, declared Gilliam Grissom, United States Collec-' tor of Internal Revenue, yesterday. With a full week for the receipt of belated returns, which always pile up during the last days of the year, the state is now only $5,800,000 or four and one-half percent behind the total of $124,000,000 collected during the past fiscal year. Owing to the increase in exemptions under the present law, which raised the exemption for a married man from $2,- 000 to $2,500 and for each child from $200 to $400, the income taxes have fallen off sharply, there having been collected to date only $23,124,120.72 from this source as against $38,533,871.- 14 for the previous year, or a decrease of practically 10 per cent. However, other Southern States have been re ported as having decreases as high as 60 per cent, according to information reaching Collector Grissom. What North Carolina has lost in in come taxes has been almost entirely made up in increases from taxes on tobacco and on estates, of which scores have shown a marked increase during the past year. By the time the final collections are made for the fiscal year Collector Grissom estimates that the amount collected will not be more than $3,000,000 less than the phenomenal total of $124,000,000 collected last year, when North Carolina led the South and ranked close to the top among all the states in the amount contributed to the support of the federal government.— News and Observer. WALLACE’SJPLAN The War Finance Corporation in a report to President Harding has recom mended six remedies for existing conditions, as follows: Legislative enactment specifically authorizing the organization of institu tions to rediscount the paper of live stock loan companies, and the establish ment of a system for the more ade quate supervision and inspection of the live stock which furnishes security for the paper. Frank recognition of the need for the orderly marketing of our agricultural products in a more gradual way and over a longer period, and the adjust ment of existing banking laws and regulations, with this end in view. Establishment of a rediscount facility to make it possible at all times for co operative marketing organizations to obtain adequate funds for their opera tions. Extension of the powers of the Fed eral reserve banks to include the pur chase in the open market of eligible paper secured by non-perishable agri cultural commodities, properly ware housed. Encouragement of state non-member banks to enter the Federal reserve sys tem and reduction of the minimum cap ital required for admission to the sys tem-admission in such cases to be con ditioned upon an undertaking toincrease the capital to the present minimum of $25,000 within a definite time. Amendment of the national banking act to permit a limited amount of branch banking within a limited radius of the parent institution. / Pending the provision of these im provements to the national credit machinery. Director Meyer suggested extension until January 1, 1923, of the period during which the War Finance Corporation may make loans.—U. S. Press Digest. WHAT’S DOING IN BUNCOMBE The full and detailed story of what’s doing in Buncombe County will be pub lished this summer. It will be done by the Rural Social Science Department of the University of North Carolina and will take the form of a paper-bound volume of 150 pages. The business men of the county will be asked to give it their support by buying advertising space in its page^. That they will meet the request generously is certain, for two reasons: the information that will thus be published about Buncombe will be invaluable, and as the book will be sent to between three and four thou sand Buncombe farmers, it will be an unusually effective and lasting advertis ing medium. The chief consideration, however, is that this publication will be the best piece of press-agenting that Buncombe and the people of Buncombe have ever had. There is no better boosting pos sible for the county than the straight forward dramatic story of what’s doing within its borders. To tell the news of Buncombe’s activities today is to bring new people and new money here and to put under the eye of every young man in the county a chart of the greater op portunities that await the grasp of his enterprise and industry. The following list of chapter headings for the bulletin shows how thoroughly today’s news of our people will be given: Historical Backgrounds; Natural Re sources; Industries and Opportunities; Facts About the Folks; Wealth and Taxation; Rural Schools in Buncombe since 1910; Farm Conditions and Practi ces; Home Raised Food ai^d Local Mar ket Problem; Co-operative Marketing; Farm Industries and Livestock; Things to be Proud of in Buncombe; Our Prob lems and their Solutions. Reading those twelve chapters, the citizen of Buncombe and the outsider looking for a new home will learn the whole story of the county, its traditions and achievements, its resources and ac tivities, its possibilities and opportuni ties. Advertise in the Buncombe County Bulletin. Read it when it is published in July. Then pass it on to another reader. The facts set forth in it will enrich you, and, through your better informed enthusiasm, benefit the county. Ten other counties in the State have had such histories and pro fited largely by them. Buncombe will do likewise.—Asheville Citizen. HOME OWNERSHIP A man who has spent most of his life in social service work recently said that he had practically reached the conclu sion that the most effective way of at tacking modern problems would be to inaugurate a permanent, nation-wide campaign for home ownership. His idea is that the source of most of our present-day trouble is the lack of family stability. The home owner does not desert his wife and children. He does not suffer from wanderlust. He takes a strong interest in his com munity. The purchase of his own home arouses his ambition, his thrift, and his industry. Being permanently located, he is a better husband, a better father, a bet ter citizen, and a better worker. The more you think about this mat ter, the more you will be convinced that it is fundamental. The strength of the small towns of this country is rooted in home owner ship, and, without stretching the truth, it may be said that the unrest in the large cities is due to lack of home own ership.—Oxford Ledger. STATE SUPPORT OF COLLEGE CULTURE Per Whi^e Inhabitant in 1920-1921 Based (1) on Statistics of State Universities and State Colleges, Bulletin 1921, No. 53, of the Federal Education Bureau, and (2) on the 1920 Census of Popula tion. The figures for each state cover (1) the total of state funds used for current expenses by the state university, the land grant college, and other state sup ported schools of college grade, and (2) the white population alone—this in order to put the states on a fair basis of comparison. In North Carolina the figures refer to the State College for Women, the State College of Agriculture and Engineering, and the State University; and in other states to similar state institutions of liberal learning and technical training of college grade. North Carolina spent 32 cents for college culture per white inhabitant in 1920- 21, against $1.25 in South Carolina and $4.10 in Cregon. In 1921-23 in North Carolina the average rose to 66 cents. Department Rural Social Economics, University of North Carolina Rank States Totals Per White Inhab. Rank States Totals Per White Inhab. 1 Cregon .$3,156,566... . .$4.10 23 Indiana $1,614,064... .. $.67 2 Nevada , 166,037... ... 2.35 24 Virginia 848,376 ... .52 3 Arizona . 484,073... ... 1.66 25 New Hampshire 207,008... .. .47 4 Wyoming ... . 277,702... ... 1.46 25 Louisiana .... 516,698... .. .47 6 Idaho . 610,903... ... 1.44 27 Chio 2,402,503... .. .43 6 Washington . .. 1,805,958... ... 1.37 27 Vermont 149,775... .. .43 7 S. Dakota ... . 823,789... ... 1.33 29 Delaware ... 79,511 ... .41 8 S. Carolina... . 1,021,890... ... 1.25 29 Florida 264,016... -. .41 9 Minnesota .. . 2,936,703... ... 1.24 31 Illinois 2,526,753... .. .40 10 Colorado . 1,110,842... .. 1.20 32 Maine 294,809... .. .39 11 Montana . 632,872... ... 1.18 33 Alabama 556,348... .. .38 12 Nebraska.... . 1,456,926... .. 1.14 34 Georgia 582,478... .. .36 13 Iowa . 2,701,032... .. 1.13 35 Maryland 395,343... .. .33 14 N. Dakota... . 698,819... .. 1.09 36 N. Carolina... 572,500... .. .32 15 Kansas . 1,724,703... .. 1.01 37 Arkansas .... 376,723... .. .29 16 Michigan ... . 3,369,689... .. .94 38 MflSRaphnciPtffl 17 California .. . 3,049,264... .. .93 39 Connecticut .. 346,641... .. .25 18 Wisconsin ... . 2,214,171... .. .86 40 Kentucky .... 445,987... .. .20 19 Cklahoma .. . 1,489,759... ... .82 41 Rhode Island . 116,294... .. .19 19 New Mexico. . 274,018 ... .82 42 Tennessee .... 292,742 16 21 Mississippi... . 650,120... ... .76 43 Pennsylvania . 790,044... .. .09 22 Texas . 2,587,937... .. .66 44 New Jersey .. 171,567... .. .06 Note: The states omitted for lack of detailed data are: Missouri, New York, Utah, and West Virginia.