The news in this publi
cation is released for the
press on receipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published Weekly bv the
University of North Caro
lina Press for the Univer
sity Extension Division.
JANUARY i7, 1923
CHA.PEL HHJL, N. C.
VOL. iX, NO. 9
Editorial Board » B. O. Branaon, 8. H. Hobbs, Jr., L. R. Wilson, B. W. Knight. D. D. Carroll, J. B. Bullitt, H. W. Odum. Entered as seoond-olasa matter November U.19i4. at the Postoffice at Chapel Hill, N. O., under the act of August 84, 1813
FOR COUNTRY PREACHERS
1. Challenge of the Country, Fiske.
—Association Press, N. Y.
2. Challenge of the City, Strong.—
New York Missionary Education Move
ment of the United States and Canada,
N. Y.
3. Sociology of Rural Life. —Pro
ceedings of the American Sociological
Society, Vol.XL —University of Chica
go Press.
4. Report of the Country Life Com
mission.—Sturgis and Walton Co.,
N. Y.
6. Life of John Frederick Oberlin,
Beard.—The Pilgrim Press, Boston.
6. The Social Task of Christianity,
Batten.—Fleming H. Revell, N, Y.
7. The Country Church and the Rur
al Problem, Butterfield.—University ,of
Chicago.
8. The Country Church, Gill and
Pincliot.—Macmillan Co., N. Y.
9. A Theology of the Social Gospel,
Rauschenbusch.—Macmillan Co., N. Y.
10. The Social Principles of Jesus,
Rauschenbusch. — Association Press,
New York.
11. The Church and Landless Men,
by L. H. Wilson and E. C. Branson.—
Extension Division, University of
North Carolina.
12. How Farm Tenants Live in
North Carolina, by J. A. Dickey and
E. C. Branson.—Extension Division,
University of North Carolina.
13. Home and Farm Ownership, the
1921-22 Year Book of the N. C. Club.—
Extension Division, University of North
Carolina.
The last three can be had free of
charge by writing to E. C. Branson,
department of Rural Social Economics,
University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, N. C.
A MONTGOMERY FARMER
“Well, I just want to live to see
North Carolina 50 years from now—
every road a good road, every man an
educated man, a good high school in
easy reach of every one, all the little
country churches replaced by brick or
stone structures, the old dilapidated
farm buildings and ramshackle fences
gone, and substantial homes surrounded
with fertile fields and pastures filled
with pure-bred stock.”
“And this man,” said The Montgom-
erian, “is not a man of letters, but just
a plain average farmer who works and
thinks, who sees conditions as they are,
remembers them as they were, and
draws his conclusions. He is just the
kind of practical ‘boss sense’ thinker
who knows how to arrive at a fact—
the kind of stock that has made North
Carolina great. Is there any mind big
enough to conceive of our water power
development to its limit of capacity?
Can any mathematician iigure the
wealth of our dormant soil once every
acre is used to the.best of advantage?
Can any one guess the output of gran
ite, slate and other stone suited for build
ing purposes, once our mines are in full
swing? Our boys and girls are 100 per
cent pure American, of the cleanest
Anglo-Saxon parentage. Wherever one
of them has gone he has led in what
ever line he was interested. Surely
our most flattering dreams cannot Over
reach, or even equal, the facts of our
future.” V.
THE FULL TRUTH
North Carolina the most progressive
state in the Union.
And how do you like that statement?
Fine, for it is true that North Caro
lina is the most progressive state in the
land. The world is finding it out,
though some of us at home have been
very slow about realizing the truth.
But it sounds good, good enough to
repeat—that North Carolina is the
most progressive state in the Union.
We have long known that the state
was and is the best, and now the fact
is published that it is the most pro
gressive.
Let’s stop complaining, get in behind
the state, and make it all that the best
state should be.—Salisbury Evening
Post.
attractive.
The world war and the Treaty of
Peace, the Protective Tariff and all
such things, are important subjects;
but what’s the good of cleaning up the
world unless you sweep your own door
steps?
The best advertisement of your busi
ness is the town you live in.
Towns get reputations, as well as
men. Make your town talked all over
the state. It will thus draw people.
And where the people come there is
prosperity.
Rid your town of one eyesore after
another. Clean up the vacant lots and
plant them in gardens. Make a clut
tered yard a disgrace. Make public
opinion too hot for those who will not
help.—The Franklin Times.
YOUR HOME TOWN FIRST
Work for your own town.
Beautify it. Improve it. Make it
WHO ARE THE POOR?
The teaching of all history, as George
H. Stevenson says in our thought for
the week, is that the farmer ear. never
—in fact no one can ever--prospcr as
a mere producer of raw materials. The
men who dig coal live in huts; the
men who sell and handle it in fine
houses.
The men who cut timber and run
lumber-saws live in shacks and cab
ins; the men who manufacture lumber
and sell it are well housed. The men
who grow cattle make small profits;
the packers, the distributers, are pros
perous. The men who make peanuts
are poor, the cleaners and distributers
are wealthy. The men who make cot
ton and tobacco and sugar cane live
humbly; those who buy and handle and
manufacture these products live more
prosperously.
And so the farmer is fighting today
for a larger share of the wealt^ that
he creates. He is fighting to be some
thing more than a producer of raw ma
terials. He is fighting to get and keep
for himself the profits that come from
handling and distributing—and wiser
handling and distributing—of the pro
ducts of his toil. He is fighting to
bring about a realization of the prophe
cy uttered nearly three thousand years
ago-
“They shall build houses and inhabit
them; and they shall plant vineyards
and eat the fruit of them. They shall
not build and another inhabit; they
shall not plant and another eat.”—Clar
ence Poe.
KNOW NORTH CAROLINA
A Virginia Verdict
There used to be a rather crude
story of a man who, when asked
where he came from, replied, From
that vale of humiliation. North Ca
rolina, which lies between those two
mountains of conceit, Virginia and
South Carolina.
If there ever was any sense be
neath that bit of comedy, it has
been lost. The simple fac!: is that
North Carolina is so far ahead of
Virginia in almost everything ex
cept shrines of Colonial, Revolution
ary, and Civil War history, that the
two states are, as our friendly ene
mies Tie English put it, not in the
same street. Go through the :cun
try, go through most of North Caro-
linn’s towns and cities, and be con
vinced. Why is It?
The answer i? trot North Carnlin
hQG fVnl- nrr'f^T^ ..IJ
knowing how life is lived; it means so
habituating men to live with other men
that they may be able to live their lives
and serve the common good with the
greatest efficiency and value.
Public education ought to be the
training of lives for public living.
There, I am convinced, is the very
heart of our weakness in educational
matters—that our present system of
public education is organized for the
education of individuals in individual
ism.
Democratic education must mean
more than acquiring e((ual rights to
privileges, equal rights to get and gain
our own. It must mean common reali
zation of equal duties, training in hab
its of living with our equals, and in the
obligation of service.
We have over-mechanized our edu-
;ational system; they must be buman-
II
j ized and socialized. We must feel deep-
j ly what we all know—that knowledge
passes away; it is not for itself; it is
but a means of life, the life of all set
in social harmony.—Dr. Henry F.
Cope, General Secretary, Religious
iducation Association.
said to produce the finest oysters in
this state; which is to say, the finest in
the world. The Core Sound fishermen
are not disposed to dispute the claim,
but stand serenely by the reputation of
the Core Sound product.
The prospect is all the more inspiring
because of the developed fact, based on
investigation, that the whole of the gov
ernor’s great promotion scheme can be
effected with an expenditure of a mil
lion dollars, and probably a little less.
It will cost less than the building of a
single state hard-surfaced highwaj’’.
The Observer is already receiving in
quiries as to the procedure necessary
to perfect a lease on a small oyster
farm, and the indications are that Cap
tain Nelson, at Morefaead City, is going
to have a lot of orders from this sec
tion of the state. It sounds big—to
own an oyster farm at an expenditure
of $10 and to be able to ordeT a barrel
from it whenever the owner is so mind
ed, but this privilege is given to the
people in any part of the state.—Char
lotte Observer.
A YANKEE ESTIMATE
Everywhere I have gone in North
Carolina I have been impressed with
the spirit of progress and the willing
ness of the people to go deep in their
pockets for public improvements and to
take care of their share of charitable
work. The first day I landed in Raleigh
I was impressed with the businesslike
way the state departments are run. It
is far ahead of most of'the other South
ern States I have been in.
By the time North Carolina completes
her road program I expect to see the
state generally recognized as one of
the greatest states in the country, not
even excepting the wealthy states of
New York, Illinois, and Pennsylvania.
And I believe it will have the added ad
vantage over these .states of being free
from political cesspools which unfortu
nately underlie the vast undertakings
of state government.—Mr. Bealle,
State Director for the Near East Re
lief in North Carolina, in the News and
Observer, July 30, 1922.
A PROPER COLLEGE AIM
Nothing is more important to a na
tion than just views of education. The
very security fof democracy depends
upon it. The ruin of Germany was her
philosophy of education. Practical poli
tics was her creed and her education
was as practical as her politics. It
failed; that is, it proved to be unprac
tical, and for one reason because it
was based upon the proposition that
man lives by bread alone. It is the lie
of the ages. In a college classroom a
few weeks ago the young men were
asked why they sought an. education.
With one accord they answered, in sub
stance, “To make more money.”
Unless we can teach these boys to
extend their horizon beyond the rim of
Oil* Toiioaii'^u.ic grasp, do tnis
geed day, v.'C in Virginia arc moti-
Viii.eti iiv i.tie I’nonru r'>'ar t'dp w®11-
itiipOoi llOxl 01 xui' tliC aGv'aTiCe-
ment of the many. That is why
there is all this outcry against a
bond issue for good roads; that is
why there is this jeremiad against
an increase of taxes in Virginia for
the purpose of providing facilities
of various kinds which will better
the state of every family and every
man within its limits.
In Burton J. Hendrick’s admirable
“The Life and Letters of Walter H.
Page,” tht author writes with spe
cial reference to the cause of educa
tion when he quotes one of Dr.
Page’s letters: From the days of
King George to this day, the politi
cians of North Carolina have de
claimed against taxes, thus laying
the foundation of our poverty. It
was a misfortune for us that the
quarrel with King George happened
to turn upon the question of taxa
tion—so great was the dread of tax
ation that was instilled into us.
That is just what is the matter
with us: the dread of taxation. In
Virginia, we are ashamed, when we'
are conscious of it, of North Caro
lina’s infinitely superior roads, of
her considerably superior schools, of
her three times as great contribution
to her state university. But we
dread taxation. Here in Norfolk we
demand better pay for teachers,
better streets, better public build
ings, better facilities of all sorts.
But v/e dread taxation.
Our quarrel with King George
has left its imprint on us. And it is
a miserable inheritance.—Norfolk
Ledger-Dispatch.
i EDUCAT ION FOR USE
i America was begun by pioneers. De-
i mocracy is never a finished order. The
I pioneer’s work is never done; it changes
I its direction—that’s all. Once he ex
plored the geographical wilderness; now
he must explore the wilderness of our
institutional and social relationships,
i Intimate in this exploring, as many can
now bear witness, is the search for an
education that shall be truly dem.ocrat-
ic, natural, human, real. Democracy
is at stake. Democracy needs an edu
cation that shall be, not preparatory to
that academic world that exists within
the minds of many teachers, but an
education instinct with the realities,
the meanings, the beauties and the
joys of our common hopes and our hu
man aspirations, in the midst of our
work and as a part of our loves and
hates, our failures and our successes.
Democracy wants an education that
is for use as well as for possession, for
understanding as well as adornment.
Our teachers must learn how to live in
the world of men and women, not mere
ly in the unrealities of the academic
world, if they are to serve adequately
in the great educational tasks of the
democratic adventure. The World in
the Teacher’s Mind.—Joseph K. Hart,
in The Survey.
TIDEWATER CHANCES
Newport River, which flows into
Bogue Sound near Morehead City, is
AN AMERICAN CREED
I believe in the supreme value of a
man—just because he is human. That
all men are equal in their inalienable
right to “life, liberty, and the pursuit
of happiness,” and that the authority
which governs them should be the crea
ture of their own divine right to choose.
I believe in a democracy through
which the will of the individual may
find free exercise in the privileges and
responsibilities of government. In- a
freedom which challenges the will by
presenting alternatives of conduct, and
stimulates the latent faculties and for
ces of the spirit by constant calls of
responsibility to choose between right
and wrong.
I believe in a government which is a
means to the end of developing the
highest type of manhood. That this
demands a free ballot, a free school, a
free press, and a free church.
I believe that permanent peace and
prosperity for mankind is dependent
upon universal liberty. That any gov
ernment not responsible to the governed
is a menace to the safety of all self-
governing peoples.
I believe that America is more than
a land, a lineage, or a language. That
it is a lofty ideal, destined to be a spir
itual refuge and rendezvous of the as
pirations and hopes of mankind. There
fore—our flag—with its field white like
the snows of Valley Forge, stained red
with the blood of our fathers, and its
national sky all studded with stars,
whose blended beauty is radiant with
the gathered glory of our past—must
ever be the symbol of the soul of liber
ty.—M. Ashby Jones, Atlanta Consti
tution.
a, dollar our chances of turning out use
ful citizens are of the smallest.
A college is not an intellectual refrig
erating plant for the preservation of
perishable academic goods. It is a
power house of intellectual and spirit
ual energy. Its mission is not to turn
out mere technicians. The business of
a college is to take unformed youths
and develop them into men of charac
ter and judgment.—Charles Alexander
Richmond, president of Union College.
TURNING A NEW LEAF
We live in an age which is taking
education in entirely new terms. To
UB it means not simply a routine famil
iarity with dead languages and ancient
history, nor even a smattering of
modern physical science and philoso
phy. It means equipment, training,
habituation to right living. It means
knowing what life means in all its rich
ness, with the light of its past glory
full upon it, with the promise of its
present meaning before it. It means
BANK ACCOUNT SAVINGS IN THE U. S.
On June 30, 1921.
Based on the Savings Bank Journal, November 1922.
Represents (1) the total savings deposits of all kinds in state and national
banks, mutual savings banks, trust companies, and postal savings banks in each
state, (2) divided by the total population of each state.'
United States average $157 per inhabitant; North Carolina average $40 per
inhabitant. Forty states ranked above us. North Carolina had on savings de
posit a total of $104,277,000 in June 1921. In 1915 the total was only $22,000,-
000. In 1922, it was $116,000,000.
Seven Southern states had greater bank savings per inhabitant in 1921—
Virginia $77, Florida $68, Louisiana $64, South Carolina $51, Tennessee $47, and
Kentucky $46.
S. H. Hobbs, Jr.
Department of Rural Social Economics, University of North Carolina
Rank States
Per Total in
Inhab. Thousands
Rank States
Per Total in
Inhab. Thousands
1
Vermont
$390
137,544
25
Utah
"$104
46,951
2
Massaenusetts.
387
1,494,007
26
Nebraska
101
120,912
3
Connecticut...,
374
515,159
26
Oregon
101
78,793
4
Rhode Island
358
219,097
28
Indiana
97
286,561
6
New York
342
3,612,767
28
Washington ...
97
131,352
6
New Hampshire
342
151,694
30
West Virginia .
91
132,074
7
California
325
1,133,726
31
Missouri
81
279,452
8
Maine
303
232,442
32
Virginia
77
178 223
9
New Jersey....
213
672,058
33
Arizona
75
25,211
10
Minnesota
19^
476,601
34
Florida
. 68
'66,373
11
Maryland
186
279,430
35
Louisiana
. 64
115,870
12
South Dakota. .
183
116,084
36
Kansas
62
110,197
13
Nevada
173
13,316
37
Idaho
. 56
24,478
14
Pennsylvania...
172
1,602,841
38
Sou'-h Carolina.
61
86,966
14
Michigan
172
631,131
39
Tennessee
47
110,628
16
Delaware
170
37,914
40
Kentucky
46
110,560
17
Iowa
167
478,419
41
Georgia
40
118,385
17
North Dakota..
157
101,798
41
North Carolina..
40
104,277
19
Illinois
146
940,807
43
New Mexico...
. 39
14,004
20
Ohio
143
862,729
44
Oklahoma
. 38
78,623
21
Wisconsin
141
373,85.>
45
Mississippi
. 28
63,044
22
Montana
135
74,248
46
Texas
27
126,515
23
Colorado
117
102,967
46
Alabama
. 27
65,153
24
"Wyoming
107
20,885
48
Arkansas
. 20
35,296