The news in this publi
cation is released for the
press on receipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published Weekly by the
University of North Caro
lina Press for the Univer
sity Extension Division.
MARCH 21,11923
CHAPEL HILL, N. C.
VOL. Df, NO. 18
Editorial Boardt E. C. Branson. S. H. Hobbs, Jr.. L. R. Wilson, E. W. Knight. D. D. Carroll. J. B. Bullitt, H. W. Odum.
Entered as second-class matter November 14, 1914, at thePostofRceat Chapel Hill, N. C., under the act of August 24, 1912
COLLEGE CULTURE IN CAROLINA
NOT YET AT THE TOP
I The students of college grade in all
the institutions of liberal learning,
church and state, in North Carolina in
1920-21 numbered 7,778. The Univer
sity of California alone registered 12,-
600 students the same year or more by
nearly five thousand students in this one
institution than in all the colleges of
North Carolina, public and private.
In North Carolina, in 1920-21, the in
stitutions of college grade had a work
ing income of $3,375,285 all told. The
same year the working income of the
University of Wisconsin was $6,043,-
436. This one institution spent nearly
one million seven hundred thousand dol
lars on college culture more than the
colleges of North Carolina all put to
gether. '
North Carolina is moving up rapidly
in college support and college culture,
and the church colleges are more than
keeping pace with the state colleges.
Nevertheless we are a long way from
the top. In 1921-22 thirty-five states
made a better showing than North Ca
rolina in this field of progress.
A GROWING UNIVERSITY
Dr. Chase’s report leaves no doubt
that the trustees of the University of
North Carolina have made wise use of
the money the General Assembly pro
vided two years ago for enlargement
of the University’s usefulness. Four
new dormitories have been erected,
with capacity of 480 students, but the
demand for matriculation privileges
grows apace with the expansion of the
institution—last faH there were en
rolled 427 more than the year before.
To meet the needs of the young men
and women who are asking for college
education, the University proposes to
spend about $2,300,000 in the coming
two years for a permanent water sup
ply, three dormitories, chemistry build
ing and equipment, geology building
and equipment, a woman’s building,
and other necessary improvements.
Besides its purely academic instruc
tion, the University is keeping steadily
before it the ideal of service to the
people’ through many agencies. The
Ujiiversity News Letter and other pub
lications are arousing interest on social
and academic problems. Two hundred
physicians are enrolled for post-gradu
ate work under the University’s new
plan for such teaching. Last year 9,000
books and pamphlets were lent from
the University’s library; 200 students
were enrolled in correspondence courses
the University is patron of inter-school
debates and athletic contests. These
and other activities show that, if the
people will meet Dr. Chase and his
associates half way by providing the
money, the University will steadily go
toward toward its goal of becoming
every year a better agency for pro
moting knowledge and culture. —Ashe
ville Citizen.
CAROLINA COLLEGES
The financial resources of the institu
tions of liberal learning ia North Caro
lina now total $20,947,074.13, according
to figures presented by A. T. Allen
embracing the results of studies for the
North Carolina College Conference.
The combined capital invested in
buildings, grounds, andequipmentreach-
es a total of $16,418,834, while the in
vested funds are $5,628,240.13.
In the year 1920-21, according to Mr.
Allen, the current expenditures amount
ed to $3,376,286. During that year, 686
professors and instructors were em
ployed and 7,778 students of college
grade were in attendance.
The college students arrange them
selves in this order: Freshmen class,
2,771; sophomore class, 1,663; junior
class, 979; senior class, 720; graduate
students, 183; special students, includ
ing professional students not listed a-
bove, 1,662.
Women outnumbered the men only
in preparatory, freshmen, and special
classes. For example, there were in
the year 1920-21, 427 men in prepara
tory classes and 1,110 women; there
were 1,344 hien in freshmen classes and
1,427 women; there were 889 men in
sophomore classes and 674 women;
there were 698 men in junior classes
and 263 women; there were 166 men in
graduate work and 17 women; there
were 744 men in special classes and
1,286 women.
The combined Ijbraries in all the in
stitutions included in the report total
only 386,357 books. There is only one
library, that of the University of North
Carolina, that has more than 100,000
volumes. There are three others which
exceed 25,000, but there are only eight
libraries that exceed 10,000 volumes,
In addition, there are only eight scien
tific laboratories that exceed $10,000 in
cost of apparatus.—Asheville Citizen.
THE RICH IN CAROLINA
In the class of residents worth $6,000
and more in cities, Georgia is first,
Virginia second, and North Carolina
third. Georgia also leads in people
whose worth is between $5,000 and
$50,000. In residents whose wealth is
between $50,000 and $100,000, Georgia
still leads. Always these figures apply
only to residents of cities of 20,000 peo
pie and upwards. When we come to
big investors worth over $100,000 and
$250,000,. Georgia also leads.
But when we read of wealthy ’ resi
dents worth not less than $260,000 and
not more than $500,000, North Carolina
takes the lead. Georgia is credited with
267 of such residents, Virginia with
396, and North Carolina with 663. In
the class of those whose wealth amounts
to more than $600,000; Georgia has 216,
Virginia 177, and North Carolina 231.
The listing stops there.
In the small-town residents worth
between $5,000 and $60,000, Georgia and
North Carolina are about the same.
The Asheville Citizen concludes that
North Carolina wealth is not confined
to the cities.
It would seem that Georgia and North
Carolina are making the most progress
of any South Atlantic States. Both
have gone ahead of Virginia. North
Carolina has some big. investors around
Asheville, the Vanderbilts^ and others,
but in the well-to-do people, indicating
a homogeneous distribution of wealth,
our own state makes a more satisfac
tory showing.
North Carolina has an income tax
law. The subject is being agitated in
Georgia. It is very probable that such
a law would mean more money in Geor
gia than it does in North Carolina,, and
yet it yields enough in the latter state
to enable the authorities to do away
with all state taxes. —Savannah Press.
INHERITANCE TAXES
Figures at band for the estate of the
late Edmund C. Converse, who was a
legal resident of Connecticut, show that
his estate has had to pay taxes to the
federal government, to the state in
which he lived, to ten other states, and
to the Province of Quebec—$7,487,963
in all to date. While not all the pro
ceedings have yet been brought to a
final conclusion, the following is a list
of the approximate payments, which
will give an idea of their magnitude:
California $8,000; Connecticut $997,000;
Maine $112,000; Massachusetts $260;
Montana $1,090; New Jersey $31,000;
New York $356,874; Ohio $63,494;
Pennsylvania $7,600; West Virginia
$10,000; Wisconsin $363; federal govern
ment $6,887,000; Province of Quebec
$22,402.—Boston News Bureau.
KNOW THE SOUTH
A new birth is needed in the south; a
birth which will revive the knowledge
of the south by the people of the south;
which will quiclcen the energy of men
and women in the south to understand
their own section and to herald it a-
broad. It could almost be said of a
large proportion of people in the south,
when broadly considering, that section,
that'they have no pride of ancestry or
hope of posterity. If they had pride
of ancestry—a just pride which should
be a very part of the life of the south—
they would never go without full know
ledge of the old south and. its schieve-
ments'in history, in science, in litera
ture, in business, in great engineering
work, in railroad building. They would
never permit themselves to be without
a full knowledge of these things and of
KNOW NORTH CAROLINA
The Home State
Know thyself is a wise injunction
that applies to a commonwealth and
its people with no less force than to
an individual. What are the chief
geographical features of the state
in which we are to work? Whence
came its people? What are their
characteristics? Their needs? Their
capabilities? Wherein are they
strong? Wherein weak? In what
virtues do they need to be strength
ened? In what vices do they need
to be curbed? How have they borne
themselves in the great crises of the
Republic’s history? Bravely? Open
ly? Effectively? Or have they
been cowardly in battle? Secretive
in council? Sloven in work? What
have they wrought that is worthy
the admiration of mankind? Have
they contributed aught to the science
of human government? To the
well-being of society? To the in
dustrial development of the world?
What are their ideals? Their as
pirations? Their hopes and desires?
Have they made any contribution to
literature? To art? To knowledge^
Finally, and above all, what spirit
has animated them as they have
gone about their tasks, faced their
responsibilities, and done their
work?—R. D. W. Connor, Race
Elements in the White Population
of North Carolina.
what the south has achieved since the
civil war. They would thus have
greater appreciation of the men and
women of antebellum days, and of the
people who after the war brought into
life the industries which made possible
the saving of the south from the fear
ful poverty following the civil war.
And with this knowledge they would
then have a broader realization of that
illimitable field of opportunity which
waits the people of the south as they
concentrate their energies upon the de
velopment of the most richly endowed
region on earth. —Manufacturers Rec
ord.
GUIDANCE IN READING
The Extension Division of the Uni
versity of North Carolina has entered
into cooperation with the United States
Bureau of Education at Washington and
now offers direct to North Carolina
people home reading courses of vital in
terest to them according to a statement
issued at Chapel Hill.
The courses, it was stated, were de
veloped to meet the needs of old and
young who have long desired some
guide and inspiration in their reading.
Guidance is given in the form of pam
phlets describing each course and con
taining lists of books with their au
thors. Inspiration is provided in the a-
warding of a certificate signed by John
J. Tigert, United States Commissioner
of Education, E. C. Brooks, North Ca
rolina State Superintendent of Public
Instruction, and Chester D. Snell, Di
rector of the State University Exten
sion Division, to each person who offers
satisfactory evidence of having read
the required books in any course.'
The following courses, it was stated,
may now be secured by writing to the
University Extension Division at Chap
el Hill: The World’s Great Literary
Bibles, Great Literature'—Ancient, Me
dieval, and Modern, Reading Courses
for Parents, Miscellaneous Course for
Boys, Miscellaneous Course for Girls,
Thirty Books of Great Fiction, Thirty
World Heroes, American Literature,
Thirty American Heroes, American
History, France and Her History,
Heroes of American Democracy, The
Call of Blue Waters—Seamanship and
Marine Engineering, Iron and Steel,
Shipbuilding, Machine-Shop Work,
Foreign Trade, ^ Reading Course on
Dante, Master Builders of Today,
Teaching, Twenty Good Books for
Patents, Agriculture and Country Life,
How to Know Architecture.
HELPING THE SCHOOLS
Of interest to the many members of
local parent-teacher associations in the
state is the new hand-book called The
Parent-Teacher Association, just issued
in revised form by the Extension Di
vision of the State University. The
new edition is in the form of a bjilletin
written by Professor H. D. Meyer of
the School of Public Welfare.
The hand-book might well b4 called
How to Organize and Conduct a Parent-
Teacher Association, for it contains
chapters on Ideals and Purposes, Or
ganizing an Association, Developing
and Maintaining Interest, and How to
Raise Funds for the Work of the Asso
ciation.
Detailed programs for sixty meet
ings of an association are given in six
groups on the following subjects: The
^chod^x Building and Grounds, Child
Welfare, Educational Aims and School
Laws, The Teacher and Some School
Problems, Agencies Aiding Comiriunity
and School, and Miscellaneous Sub
jects.
It was stated by officials of the Uni
versity Extension Division that one
copy of the hand-book ’should be sent
free to each Parent-Teacher Associa
tion that applied for it in writing.
A MANUAL OF N. C. TREES
The North Carolina Geological and
Economic Survey is putting out an at
tractive little handbook of Common
Forest Trees of North Carolina, which
should be in the possession of every
school child in the state. It has been
prepared by the State Forester, J. S.
Holmes, with the help and advice of
the United States Forest Service and
in collaboration ts^ith the state foresters
of Tennessee, Virginia, and Maryland,
each of whom is adapting it to use in
his own state and publishing it simul
taneously; and it is similar to manuals
already in use in several other states.
It thus represents a wide range* of ex
pert opinion in this field, hs ^ what
may serviceably be put into the hands
of our children.
This little book of 77 pages contains
accounts of our common forest trees
expressed in simple language, but in
cluding the botanical or scientific names
of the trees as well as their common
names so as to avoid confusion likely
to arise from the use of the common
names alone. And it contains also
seventy-one cuts exhibiting character
istic features of these common trees.
The Survey is sending copies of this
manual free to school officials of the
state, and is requesting them to bring
it to the attention of their teachers.
Teachers who use it in their classes can
also obtain copies free. Members of
the classes can purchase copies from
the North Carolina Forestry Associa
tion in lots of five or more at the nomi
nal price of ten cents each (stamps
taken).
Others besides school children could
also use this handbook with profit.
Write for copies to Mr J. S. Holmes,
State Forester and Secretary of the
N. C. Forestry Association, North Ca
rolina Geological and Economic Survey,
Chapel Hill. N. C.
The men in our town and city churches
(most of whom were born and partially
reared in the country) do not fully re
alize the debt due those left behind or
else they would give more money and
render better service in keeping the
life fresh and hopeful out there in those
discouraging situations. Our laymen
ought to organize and be ready to go
wherever they are needed to stimulate
church and'Sunday school. This is one
field that is always open and promising.
•The N. C. Christian Advocate.
THE CATAWBA CREAMERY
The Catawba Creamery Company, at
Hickory, N.C., ships annually more
than 360,000 pounds of butter, 320,000
pounds of poultry, more than 80,000
gallons of ice cream, half anmillion doz
en eggs, and large quantities of cheese
and other farm products, said J.A.
Parham in last Sunday’s Charlotte Ob
server.
This creamery was started about
1912 on the cooperative plan but grew
to such proportions that it?,was deemed
best to convert it into a stock company.
The invested capital is placed at $60,
000 and the output ofithejplant last year
was $460,000. During the year it paid
out to farmers of Catawba and adjoin
ing counties for their produce more than
$400,000 in cash, which was turned into
the channels of trade in "Hickory and
other towns of the county, most of it in
Hickory. This concern|buySj|not only
the farmers’ milk, but alsoij^turkeys,
chickens, pork, berries, eggs, and even
such articles as shelled walnut kernels,
which are sold to ice cream manfactur-
ers. It even buys the product of the
small chese plants in the mountain coun
ties to the westward and distributes
these products to the trade over a wide
area.
Monroe has a creamery which perhaps
is undergoing the ups and downs which
doubtless was Hickory’s experience
until it found itself. There is no more
necessary enterprise in Union county
^han our local creamery. It is need
ed now and will be needed more and
more in the succeeding months. Local
dairymen can readily supply Monroe’s
needs with milk and butter—the surplus
should be manufactured and shipped
away. It would be a real tragedy
if the Monroe creamery should fail to
function.”Monroe Enquirer.
COUNTRY CHURCH FIGURES
Mr. G. L. Morelock, speaking to the
laymen at Raleigh, gave some figures
well worth the consideration of all.
The best estimate has It that ten per
cent Off our laymen are engaged in some
active service in thd church. Twenty-
five per cent are contributing members;
and forty per cent go to church. What
a field for the enlistment of crusaders
in a cause I
The Sunday school is the one exclus
ive laymen’s organisation in the church
and it is in sore need of more and bet
ter workers. The start has been made
and it remains for the laymen to carry
the work to a happy conclusion.
The figures for the country church
are still more arresting: Ninefi? per
cent of the missionaries come from the
country; eighty per cent of the preach
ers hail from the same source; seventy-
five per cent of the Sunday-school
workers started there; and eighty-
five per cent of all business leaders
started in the woods. Could we fully
appreciate the significance of these
statements, the entire church would be
changed in its attitude towards the
church of the open country.
A LIVE-AT-HOME PROGRAM
A worth-while movement has been
started by the Agricultural Extension
Service of the State Department of
Agriculture. The plan is to encourage
the farmers of North Carolina to farm
in a way that will enable them to live
at home during the year 1923. The farm
er who enlists in this program agrees
to:
Raise enough com and hay to carry
me through 1924.
Raise enough meat to supply my
family this year.
Hare a 12-month8-in-the-year gar
den.
Provide milk and butter forjmy family.
Keep an average of at least 30 hens
on my farm the year through.
Improve my orchard! this year by
setting out some apple, peach, pear,
cherry or pecan trees and^plant some
small fruits and berries.
Work for richer lands by^ planting
velvet beans, soy beans, or cow peas
in at least one-half ofj nw,^ corn, and
clover, rye, oats, or vetchfwith or after
half my other crops.
Add some home conveniences, such
as running water, electric^lights, wash
ing machines, oil stove, kitchen cabinet,
and other things that will lessen the
burden of housekeeping.
Beautify my home by painting my
house or making base-plantings of
shrubs about the house to furnish a
proper setting; and to plant^^flowering
trees, such as Crepe Myrtle, Mimosa,
Magnolia, Dogwood, Judas tree; or to
plant lawn.
This is a splendid program and one
that should be carriedjjout by the far
mers of the state. The farmer who
cannot carry out the program in its en
tirety would do well to”carry it out as
fully as is possible.”Dunn Dispatch*.