The news in this publi
cation is released for the
press on receipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF^ NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published Weekly by the
University of North Caro
lina for the University Ex
tension Divisiorts.
august 8, 1928
CHAPEL HILL, N. C.
THE UNIVERSITY OF. NORTH CAROLINA PRESS
VOL. XIV, No. 39
Editorial Boardi E. C. Branson, S. H. Hobbs, Jr.. P, W. Wager, L. R. Wlls^r^ E. W. Knight. D. D. Carroll, H- W Odum.
Entered as second-clasB matter November 14, 1914, at the Postoffice at Chapel Hill, N. C., under the act of Augnst 24, 19It.
FACTS ABOUT LUMBER
Elsewhere appears k table in which
the states are ranked according to the
total amount of lumber produced for
the year 1926. In a parallel column is
shown the amount of lumber consumed
by each state for the same year.
The leading lumber producing state
at the present time is Washington, fol
lowed in order by Oregon, Mississippi,
Louisiana, California (including Neva
da), Alabama, Texas, Arkansas, Geor
gia, and North Carolina. The South
ern states all rank high in lumber
production. Of the first sixteen states
in lumber production, eleven are locat
ed in the South,
How North Carolina BanKs
North Carolina now ranks 'tenth
am mg the states in lumber production,
according to tbe Forest Service of the
United States Department of_ Agricul
ture. The production in 1926 was ap
proximately nine hundred and seventy-
one million board feet, or about three
percent of the lumber produced in the
United States. Our rank is slightly
better than it has been in recent years,
but not as high as it was about fifteen
years ago when we stood around fourth
as a lumber producing state.
North Carolina consumed in' 1926
about 676 million board feet of lumber,
or 69 percent as much lumber as we
produced. Probably it would profit the
state more if all the lumber produced
in the state could be processed at
home. The states that export great
quantities of logs and lumber in the
rough do not profit much from the
practice. Many states have exported
great quantities of logs and rough
lumber and have later been unable to
supply the home demands. In many
respects consumption^ of lumber is a
better index of the value of lumber to
unless we pay considerably more at
tention to the conservation and develop
ment of our marvelous forest re
sources. North Carolina is naturally a
forest state, but in order to reap
maximum returns from our ^forests we
will have to do more than just to let
nature take her course.
SOUTH COMING BACK
I believe that the pine-forestry inter
ests and the naval-stores industry in
the South are now in a very encourag
ing situation. We have all quit re
garding these industries as dying insti
tutions. We. all look upon them now
as permanent industries, with op
portunity for greater stability than
they have ever had and for profits at
least equal to what they have realized |
in the past.
Toe timber-growing idea has been
grasped throughout much of the South. ,
Public thought has come to appreciate
how important forestry and permanent
forest industries are to the economic
progress of the region. Apparently •
farm forestry and industrial forestry
are taking actual hold of tbe land more i
rapidly in the South than in any other
section of the United States.
In their second-growth timber the
Southern states have found a large
fresh resource. And the discovery of
industrial and economic value of this
second-growth timber has led to the
realization that tbe greatest asset of
the forest industries of the South is the
timber-growing power of their land.
The naval-stores industry has dis
proved some of our gloomy forecasts
of a few years ago. Tbe way in which
Georgia has come back as a producer
of naval stores during the last few
years testifies to the immediate value
and extent of this second-growth re-
ELIOT ADVISES STUDENTS
The equipment a student should
acquire in college for success after
wards, according to the late Presi
dent Eliot of Harvard, is as follows;
1. An available body. Not neces
sarily the muscles of an athlete.
Good circulation, digestion, power
to sleep, aqd alert, steady nerves.
2. Power of sustained mental
labor.
3. The habit of independent
thinking on book?, prevailing cus
toms, current events. University
training the opposite of military or
industrial.
4. The habit of quiet, unobiru^-
sive, self-regulated conduct, not ac
cepted from others «r influenced by
the vulgar breath.
5. Reticent, reserved, not many
acquaintances, but a few intimate
friends. Belonging to no societies
perhaps. Carrying in his face the
character so plainly to be seen there
by the most casual observer, that
ii^oby ever makes to him a disbon-
orable proposal.
» state than is production. It may not | source. The Carolines are now begin
be especially good business for North ning to show the same kind of come
Carolina to export great quantities of ' “ '
lumber in its crude shape, or to deplete
our forest resources to such an extent
that we will be short of lumber in the
near future.
North Carolina exports lumber to
26 states, principally to Pennsylvania,
New York, New Jersey, Virginia, and
Maryland. We ship to these five
states about four hundred and fifty
million board feet of lumber annually,
or nearly one-half of all the lumber
produced by the state.
back. In general, the naval-stores
industry appears to be returning to its
old fields of activity.
The South is, I believe, leading tbe
country to-day in industrial forestry,
by which I mean that the lumber com
panies, paper companies, and naval-
stores operators of the South are
showing the way in the adoption, of
methods of land management that take
advantage of the timber-growing
dren playing in the street were killed some description, Exclunive of mules
and eight injured by automobiles. I and horses, North .Carolina ranks ri-
Eight pedestrians were injured and ^
two killed while walking on the road- ... , ' ..u '
. . , , ^ 1 n j ably at the very bottom among the
way. h ive were injured and two killed ; •'
while coming from behind parked cars, j states, Onr livestock needs to be
Lllisiun with trains accounted for >ci-eased both quantitatively and
three deaths during the month, ten qualitatively. The U. S. Department
others being injured.
Sundays, with 66 accidents, led other
days ‘of the week in accidents last
month. Saturdays, there were 51, and
; Fridays, 28 By far the greater number
of accidents occurred in the late after
noon and early night between four and
ten.
of Agriculture has the following to say
concerning the value of quality oairy
cows.
Analysis of more than 100,000 yearly
individual records from cows on test in
dairy herd improvement associations in
dicates that, on the average, cows that
The killed and injured during the . produced 100 pounds of buLletfat a year
last six monihs were: January, 51 „ver cost of feed;
killed, 297 injured; February, 66 killed, , , , . ■ r.-.
.>£>A . J nff u oo 1 -11 J oiA - those that produced 200 pounds, ?o4
260 injured; March, 28 killed, 319 in- ^ ,
jured; April, 44 killed, 340 injured; over cost of feed; 300 pounds, $b6; 400
May, 47 killed, 366 injured; and June, pounds, $138; and 500-pound cows re-
37 killed and 295 injured.—News and ; turned $178 over cost of feed. Thus
! Observer. ; a man milking a 600-pound producer
—I have more return than if he
SCIEJ^CE in CUTTING WOODS ' milked a dozen 100-pound cows, and
i , i this would take no account of the added
j ^^oods meetings were held on 19'
farms in 8 counties of New York State |
recently to demonstrate improvement I larger herd or of the much greater
“In the point of acreage, this is
North Carolina’s most important crop
and possibly the most profitable crop
when costs are considered,” be states,
pointing out that this crop needs
neither cultivation nor fertilizer, and
that cutting timber may be post
poned indefinitely with an increase in
its value whileWaiting.
“This important Carolina crop is
bringing the farmer less than half its
true stumpage value,” he declares.
“There are sections of the state where,
he obtains full value for his logs.
Nearness to a large pulp mill, acid
factory, saw mill, veneer mill, or other
wood-working plant, doubles the price
of bis products in many cases.”
“The aim of the Department of Agri
culture is to bring the farmer in direct
contact with the mill buying his
timber, and toward this end Mr.
Curran states that he holds himself
ready to assist farmers with market
ing or with other problems.
“This is my message to North Caro
lina farmers: The kind and quality of
cuttings of cordwood. In each case an j
extension forester from the state col
lege of agriculture went over the wood
land with the owner and marked a
sample area. Such trees as soft
maple, beech; ironwood and popple
were marked to come out in order to
give a better chance of development to
valuable crop trees such as white ash,
hard maple, black cherry, and bass
wood. Later the owner carefully cut
and stacked the marked material keep
ing a record of the time consumed by
the work. At a second meeting, wide
ly advertised in the community, the
cut-over area was inspected and its ap
pearance was compared with that of
the uncut portions of the woodland.
The cordwood was carefully measured
and its cash value in the woods was
determined at a rate agreed upon by
those present as reasonable. Tbe
average net return from the cuttings,
which in each case left the woodland in
better shape for future growth, was
$59.30 per acre. On G. F. Allen's farm
in Ontario county the return was more
than $128 per acre.—U. S. D. A. Press
Service.
QUALITY COWS PAY
As a livestock state North Carolina
is short quantitatively and qualitative-
! wood you produce on your farms dur-'ly. In 1920 there was only one state
‘ whose livestock value per farm was
below that of North Carolina, and only
North Carolina receives lumber from
24 states, principally from South Caro
lina, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee,
and Florida. Approximately 63 per
cent of all lumber consumed in the
state is produced at home. Tbe re
maining 37 percent is imported.
Of the lumber produced in the state
79.8 percent is softwood, and 20.2 per
cent is hardwood.
Of the lumber consumed in the state
67.8 percent is softwood and 32.2 per
cent is hardwood. Thus we tend to
export softwoods and import hard
woods.
Southern Pine Leads
The moat important single source
of lumber is southern yellow pine
which supplied nearly one-third of all
the lumber cut in the United States in
1926. Douglas Fir ranks second, sup
plying 23.9 percent, and western yel
low pine third with 8.6 percent. South
ern yellow pine is now produced prin
cipally by Mississippi, Louisiana, Ala
bama, Texas, and Georgia. Douglas
Fir is produced almost exclusively by
Washington and Oregon. Western
yellow pine is produced chiefly by
Oregon, California, and Washington.
W.ashmgton is by far the largest
single lumber producing state,^ but
ranks sixth in consumption. Cali
fornia is first in consumption, but fifth
in prtirtuction.
Twenty states produce more lumber
than they consume. Twenty-seven
States consume more lumber than they
I'roduce. In Texas production and
•nsumption are about equal. So far
’’’Orth Carolina has been a'lumber
exporting state, producing more than-
we consume, but gradually consump
tion has been creeping up on produc
tion, both because of increased con
sumption and of decreased production.
It will probably be not many years
before North Carolina will be consum
ing more lumber than we produce,
power of the soil. , - ,
In the matter of farm forestry and j ing the next 20 years will determine
an understanding of the relation of i North Carolina’s position as a per-
timber growing to agriculture and in ' manent souice of forest products,
forest development generally we stand! “Every other forest region has seen
on solid ground in the South to-day. its forest industry wax and wane.
two states in which a smaller percent
of farms bad purebred livestock of
expense of providing stable room for a
herd instead of a single animal. The
figures from returns are based on farm
prices from all parts of the country,
including whole-rhiik districts.
SAYS JAILS AKE SANITARY
“There is but one jail in all of North
Cirolina’s 100 counties which does not
come up to our minimum sanitary or
structural requirements,” declared Dr.
Charles O’H. Laughingbouse, director
of the State Board of Health, to the
Duke University Summer School.
“And we don’t mind that one jail
very much because it is down in Pam
lico county, where there is rarely any
need to put it into use. People down
there settle their fights out of court,
and there’s nothing to steal down there
except mosquitoes,”
All other jails in the state are far
above the minimum standard for penal
houses, said Dr. Laughingbouse, and
after all, it’s not such a bad thing to
be in jail in this old state.
The board of health director pointed
out that this was but one indication
that this state is becoming more and
more healthful, and that sanitary and
living conditions in all walks of life
have greatly improved in the last
decade —News and Observer.
Reforestation is now generally rec
ognized as essential to the creation of
wealth from the soil and to healthy
agriculture.
The profitableness of reforestation
in the South is becoming more and
more assured, largely because of an
W§
are holding our own, though cutting
less than half the amount once har
vested. Your forest acres are capable
of yielding this maximum cut per
petually, and you need not fear low
prices in the future. You are favora
bly situated with reference to market?,
unusual combination of industries using transportation, rate of
forest products as a raw material; | quality of timber. -News and Observ-
namely, the lumber, the paper, and the! er.
naval-stores industries. The utiliza-; ,
tion of pine trees and their products by , AUTO’S DREADFUL TOLL
these industries, combined with the: , ^ • .u f
advantages of oil and climate for! During the first six months of tbe
advantages o neop e in North Carolina were
rapid timber production, bids fair, in; xo., peon
my judgment, to give timber growing
assured economic footing such as it
has rarely obtained anywhere in the
world.
It is very stimulating to me to note
from year to year the remarkable
progress made by the pine-forestry
interests of the South, under en
lightened and far-sighted industrial
leadership. This progress under such
leadership is one of the finest chapters
in the story of forestry in North
America.-W.B. Greeley, Chief, Forest
Service, 0. S. Dept, of Agriculture.
millions fhom forests
North Carolina farmers have a turn
over of 32 million dollars a year from
the 10 milli m acres of forest land in
this state, says H. M. Curran, forester
of the state Department of Agncul-
Around 14 million dollars worth of
forest products are Used for home
consumption each year, and in addition
•o the timbers used at home, around 18
million dollars’ worth of wood in the
form of logs, cord-wood, pulp-wood
poles, and other products, are sold each
year, he states.
killed in automobile accidents, or an
^y^rage of about one and a half a day,
while an additional 2,088 were injured,
according to figures compiled by W. C.
Spruill, of the automobile vehicle
bureau of the State Department of
Revenue.
This toll of dead and injured may be
largely attributed to recklessness and
carelessness, said Mr. Spruill, pointing
to figures in the June report to beaf
out his statement. Of the 338 cars
involved in accidents, 303 were reported
with defective brakes, six with defec
tive steering mechanism, one with
glaring headlights, two with punc
tures or blow-outs, and three with no
headlights.
Exceeding the speed limit accounted
for the largest number of accidents
last month, 62 being attributed to this,
and eight of the 37 deaths. Thirty
accidents resulted from driving off the
roadway, and four deaths. Twenty-
four accidents and four deaths were
caused by vehicles on the wrong side
of the road; and 20 accidents and 'two
deaths by drivers “cutting in.”
There were 67 collisions with pedes
trians, in which 14, the majority
being children, were killed. Six chil-
PSODUCriON AND COMSUMPTION OF LUMBER
By States for the Year 1926
In the following table, based on Lumber, Bulletin No. 30, Bureau of Rail
way Economics, tbe states are ranked according to lumber produced for the
year 1926. The parallel column gives the amount of lumber consumed by
states for the same year.
North Carolina ranks lOtb in lumber pro'duction with nearly 971 million
board feet. We rank 19th in lumber consumption with nearly 676 million board
feet. We consume 69 percent as much lumber as we produce. Of the lumber
produced in North Carolina 79.8 percent is softwood and 20.2 percent hardwood
Of the lumber consumed 67.8 percent is softwood and 32.2 percent hardwood.
North Carolina ships lumber to 26 states and receives lumber from 24
states. We ship mainly to Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Vir
ginia. We received lumber primarily from South Carolina, Alabama, Missis
sippi, Tennessee, and Florida.
S. H. Hobbs, Jr.
Department of Rural Social-Economics, University of North Carolina
Produc- Consump-
Produc-
Honsump-
Rank State
tion 1,000 tion 1,000
Rank State
tion 1,000
tion 1,000
ft. b. m. ft. b. m
ft. b. m.
ft. b. m.
1 Washington....
...7,646,239...1,540,760
24
Kentucky
... 216,759.
451.460
2 Oregon
4,4o4,735....1,064,786
26
Missouri
... 178,668.
. 758,67.2
3 Mississippi
...2,894,994... 491,133
26
New York
... 170,963.
.2.832; 251
4 Louisiana
2,883,630... 691,886
27
Oklahoma
.... 149,929.
. 447,316
6 Calf. & Nevada ..2,187,969...3,661,067
28
Ohio
... 141,499.
.1,489,145
6 Alabama
2,106,122... 847,446
29
Indiana
... 139,472.
. 816,170
7 Texas
. 1,466.121...1,458.412
30
New Mexico ..
... 127,1:0.
. 78.149
8 Arkansas
...1,441,018... 473.748
31
Arizona
.... 110,232.
.. 79,269
9 Georgia
...1,146,489... 389.622-
32
Vermont
... 111,638.
. 96,599
10 North Carolina
...970,965... 675,898
33
Massachusetts
... 86,168.
. 7iC,274
11 Idaho
947.471... 224,848
34
Colorado
76,278.
.. 231,642
12 South Carolina
... 920,826... 178.110
35
Maryland
... 68,444.
. 4S4;6fe6
13 Florida ;
920,586... 682,845
36
South Dakota
.... 49,281.
. 137,723
14 Wisconsin
... 912,624...1,003,027'
37
Connecticut...
.... 47,367.
. 245,437
16 Tennessee
.... 683,323... 661,311
Illinois
... 38,357.
.2,325,194
16 Virginia
.. 676,663... 566,615
39
Wyiiming
.... 19,392.
. 100,461
17 Michigan
... 663,344...1,613,888
40
Iowa
9,768.
.. 758,672
8 W, Virginia....
.... 588,788... 290,966
11
Delaware
9,433.
. 981,326
i9 Minnesota
... 471,090... 770,702
42
New Jersey...
6,963.
.. 702,071
20 Montana
.. 378,698... 242,833 j 43
Utah
6,479
.. 128,229
>[ Maine
.... 340,893... 168,408
44
Rhode Island..
6,42-).
.. 130,211
22 Pennsylvania..
.. 318,797..,1,971.208 ) 46
Kansas* Nebr... 4,234.
.. 639,994
23 New Hampshire.. 243,007... 192,998
46
North Dakota
.... .
. 129,970