Newspapers / Wayne Community College Student … / April 22, 1970, edition 1 / Page 3
Part of Wayne Community College Student Newspaper / About this page
This page has errors
The date, title, or page description is wrong
This page has harmful content
This page contains sensitive or offensive material
THE WAYNE COMMUNIQUE, WCC, GOLDSBORO, N. C., APRIL 22, 1970 - PAGE 3 Hiis Fish and wildlife management “In the dawn of creation,” philosophised William Ball, Agriculture Department head, “man was placed in an earthly environment which was brim ming with the abundance of nat ural phenomena, and he was charged with the responsibility of managing these resources for the good of all mankind.” During the fall quarter of September 1969, the Agricul ture Department of Wayne Community college announced the addition of Fish and Wild life Management to its curric ulum- This course is a two- year program offering an As sociate degree in Applied Sci ence upon completion. Some of the most interesting and most important courses a student can have are Basic Fishery Science, Wildlife Hab itat Manipulation, Plant Iden tification (including aquatic A hearty welcome to three new students who recently join ed the watchmaking class and who are also full fledged mem bers of the WCC Watchmak ers Guild: Mr. EdwardS-Gold en, Mount Airy, N. C.; Mr. Wendell E. Law, Lake City, Florida; and Mr. Joseph W. Bell, Smithfield, N.C. The ole Cracker Barrel Phi losopher was resting easy as I approached him for some pearls of wisdom for the WCC students for the ensuing month of April. “My heart goes out to the students attending WCC who are striving to prepare themselves to become con structive and objective citi zens- I am with them all the way.” “What pearls of wisdom can you give out to inspire and motivate these people?” I ask ed. “Just this,” said the wise one, “there is no magic push button formula for success. However, there is sufficient evidence to show that if you do a little more than you have to do, success will follow be cause when you are an average student, you are as close to bad as you are to good.” EARLY CLOCKS: “Sir,” said Professor Perkins, “a dictionary is somewhat like a clock; the worst is better than none and the best cannot be ex pected to go exactly true ” It is not known who made the first mechanical clock, nor when. There are various ref erences to such clocks in Europe from about 1290 on ward, perhaps the first definite one being in Milan in 1335. However establishing the exis tence of early mechanical clocks includes translation and Interpretation of notes and documents of early clock- makers which were written in Latin, Italian, etc. Many his torians reviewing these docu ments concluded that, in some instances, the documents could well have been referring to the waterclocks- A logical assump tion Is that it was evolved by different experimenters,work ing independently of each other, toward the latter part of the thirteenth century. China claims to have invented the first mechanical clock. Italian historians claim that mechani cal clocks existed in the twelfth century. But It Is well to leave this controversy to the experts- The fact that the experts are plants). Ecology and recrea tional courses- Graduates of this new cur riculum will be qualified to enter positions at the technical level with federal and state agencies as well as with pri vate fish and wildlife Indus tries. It is possible for students in other agricultural curricula to transfer into this course with out losing any previously ob tained credits. “Man has finally begun to realize the importance of his responsibility to nature,” said Mr. Ball. “Educational pro grams and plans have been made to train individuals in the field of protecting and pre serving our natural resources. This is the purpose in the Fish and Wildlife Management course in the agriculture de partment.” unable to determine who made the first clock or when, does not detract or take anything away from the clock story. Quite the contrary, it adds to Its mystery, suspense, curios ity — all of which will make any story exciting. No doubt early man realized the gap left by the calendar and this realization was part of the driving force that set man out to Invent an apparatus to record and measure time on a daily basis. We are familiar with the sundial which was probably their first effort. Also the hourglass, which is still In use today if for no other rea son than to boil an egg. Oil lamps and candles were also used as time pieces. King Al fred the Great, according to a memorial in Medieval Latin, Invented a timing candle which he placed In a horn to protect it from the draught. Then there Is the clepsydra, at first simply a clay bowl so constructed as to permit water to leak out at a fairly steady rate. Rings in side the bowl indicated the passing hours as the water leaked out. All these systems were more or less unreliable although the clepsydra showed the most promise- The clepsy dra was steadly improved to the accompaniment of considerable igenuity. The Roman clepsydras, to which the Christian world fell heir were well developed, some as complex as many modern clocks. From the clay bowl came the idea of a container with a controlled leak or con trolling the amount of water poured in through a funnel like device. A float on the end of an iron rod would rise or fall thereby indicating the possing hours onamarkeddial. Later on a train of wheels was added which operated a geared rack attached to the float. The dial or face was numbered and an hour hand add ed. Many experts believed that this was the forerunner of the train of wheels, dials and hour hands eventually used on me chanical clocks. As early as A. D. 605 Pope Sabinlous decreed that bells should be sounded pub licly seven times daily. TTiese became the cononical hours. The bells were rung by hand. A clepsydra was probably used to tell the bell men when to ring; hence the term “water clock.” Temperature changes made the water clock pratically useless at times, especially during freezing weather. Man’s quest to invent a more reliable clock continued. Some experts say the mechanical clock almost certainly origi nated in monasteries where the inmates were primarily inter ested in regularly spaced con onical hours dependent upon sunset and sunrise- With them day was started by Matins at the third quarter sunrise and mid-day, Sexta was at mid day, Nova at mid-afternoon. Vespers one hour before sun set and compliance at the close of day. Later Tertia and Sexta were combined and Nova moved back to mid-day; hence the term “noon.” The clockmakers of that time had gotten hold of a great truth. Time-keeping Is nothing more nor less than the controlled leaking away of either sand, water, or some other weight or a similar control over the leak ing away of another source of power such as that of a coiled or compressed spring. The machinery of the clep sydra only wanted another kind of weight and an escapement device comparable to the drop ping of water from a reservoir through an orfice- Somebody, somewhere put geared wheels together, tied a great weight to them and noting that the fall ing weight actually caused the gearing to turn as expected, devised an escapement to reg ulate the fall of the weight. More machinery and another weight was added. The speci fic work of this added ma chinery was raising a hammer which struck acloche,aclocke, a glochen -- a bell. That's what made the machine a “clock.” No dial, no hands. Just a bell ringing out the passing of hours. There you have it, a me chanical time-measuring ma chine that would sound a bell, one time, with each passing hour- Then In 1335 Galvano Flamma wrote about a wonder ful clock of the Beata Vergine, later San Gottardo, Milan,Italy, that had a clapper which strikes a bell twenty-four times ac cording to the twenty-fours of the day and night. The first hour gives one sound- The second hour, two sounds, etc. and so distinguishes one hour from another “which Is of the greatest use to men of every degrees,” wrote Flamma. So we have an Improvement in the striking mechanism which dates back to the first part of the thirteenth century. The first weight driven mechanical clocks were monstrous things weighing over five hundred pounds and measuring as much as twenty-two feet in height. They were definitely not for domastic use- Besides, only city governments using tax money could afford them. Sounds familiar doesn’t It! As has been noted, any me chanism using the fall of weight to turn wheels required a de vice to regulate the escape of power caused by the pull of gravity on the weight- This regulating is actually a series of interruptions in the fall of the weight. Then came the basi cally sound idea: follot, verge and crown wheel, or what Is commonly called a verge es capement, sometimes called the crow wheels escapement. Crown wheels are short sec tions of round turlng with one end cut Into saw teeth. Pallets or stoppers, arranged on an upright shaft which turns alter nately to the right and the left, permit the crown wheel to move 'a bit, then stop It, and then permit It to move- In order to save the shaft carrying the pallets, a bar known as a fo- Hot was fixed to the top of the pallet shaft, with weights hung on both ends. To start the clock, this bar was given a push. It swung right or left, permitting one pallet to dis engage the crown wheel, but only until the other pallet en gaged a tooth In the crown; Then it gave an Impulse to swing the other way- Tick- tock! The clock was off on Its run, and run it would until 'the weight reached the end of Its pull. The crown wheel escape-, ment, moving within its verge and so regulating the swinging bar balance, or follot, accom plished substantially what was achieved with water clocks. The crown escapement made droplets of the reservoir of power started In the drop of the weight. A clock of this type was made by Richard of Wallingford, England In 1330 for the St. Alban’s Abbey In England. An equally elaborate clock was made by Glwonnl Dondl of Italy In 1364 and It survived for two-hundred years. Probably the earliest surviving example of this type of clock, built in 1386, is In Salisbury Cathedral, England. Yes, the bell no ^ubt pre ceded the mechanical time piece. For hundreds of years the mechanical time piece was secondary to thebell and some times It was secondary to orna- m rntatlon. The bell was as much a part of everyday life In this period as wrist watches are In America today. Bells rang for many reasons other than to note the time of day as John Donne’s line (made famous by the late Ernest Hemingway) indicates. “No man is an Island, entire of Itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the maine; If a clod bee washed away by the sea, Europe Is the lesse, as well as If a promon- torle were, as well as If a manor of thy friends or of thine Own were; any man’s death diminishes me, because I am Involved In mankind; and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee.” Invention of the verse or crown wheel escapement marks the beginning of modern-time keeping. Clockmaklng. Clock- making would never again be the same. From this point the his tory of timekeeping involves higher mathematics, astron omy, calculus, physics, and mechanics. This column will continue next month on the subject of “Early Clocks” and will cover some Interesting inventions which are still In use today in the modern clock and watch.— John E. Lassiter. ETE Saturday, March 14, mem- ers of Sigma Tau Sigma Fra ternity provided a new look for campus grounds, by paint ing traffic humps and arrows in the main faculty and staff parking lot. During a regular meeting of the Chapter It was noted that repeated abuse and weather conditions warranted apparent upkeep of certain areas within the parking lot. Therefore, it was agreed by the brothers that this be designated as aperiodic service project. Members of the Fraternity wish to extend their congratu lations to its sweetheart. Miss Deborah Sue Walton, on the an nouncement of her marriage plans. Spring Dance Wayne Community College had their Spring Dance on Thursday, April 9, 1970, from 8 to 11 at the Wayne Center. Music was provided by the Embers for this seml-formal affair. All students were urg ed to come out and participate in this fun filled evening with no admission charge other than one's WCC I. D. Card. Guest cards were picked up In the Dean of Student's Office- Watch Makers i r Intramural f 1 Basketball I ^ fw i : . At the end of the regular Intramural basketball season a single elimination tournament was held. The first place Engineers (9-1) had a bye and will play the winner of the Forestry and No-Names game. In the open ing game we find the Kiicks (3-8) losing to the Panthers (9-3) with the score 31 to 20. The Panthers were led by the fine shooting of Eason with IS, Boone 13, and Hines 3. llie Knicks were plagued with nu merous team fouls and a very poor average from the floor. For the Knicks, Galnus wasth^ high man with 8, Leary and Shealy 4 each, and Riddick and Parks 2 apiece- In the second game the Colt 45’s were bomb ed by the Tech Originals (7-4), 51 to 21. This was the game with the highest number of assists. The entire Colt 45 team gave layups to anyone on the Tech Originals. For the Tech Originals, Simmons 18, Parker 16, and Aultman 15. For the loosing 45's Chandler managed 13, Floyd and Leonard 2. In the third game the No- Names (3-8) barely beat the Forestry Department (4-5) 22 to 20. For the No-Names, Doz ier had 8, Medalark David Dan- nehl 6, Steve Cogdell, and Billy Broom 4 apiece. Hard driving Callow 7, Hubbard 6, Beaver 3, and Powell and Brown 2 each. In the seml-flnal round the Panthers (10-3) doubled the score of the Tech Originals (8-4) to wipe them out 52 to 25- For the' Panthers big bad Eldred Boone poured In 31 big ones, Steele 9, Darnell 6, and Jones and Swain added 2. For the defeated, Simmons had 11, Parker 10, and Aultman 4. In the second semi-final game a real bone jarring, elbowing game was played. The last place No-Names (4-8) almost made the First Place Engineers (9-1) chance for a double sweep hopeless. But, when the books were checked It was the En gineers 31 and the No-Names 30. Hux 9, cold hand Coor 8, Ray Wilder and James Austin 4 each. The No-Names were led by ball hawk Giles Turnage with 16, big Steve Cogdell 6, Jones and Dozier 3, and David Danhehl adding a clutch shot for 2 points- In the finals the Engineers (10-1) were matched up against the Panthers (11-3). The En gineers showed their stuff while the Panthers showed that they did not know anything, when the Buzzer range, the score was 40 to 30 in favor of the Engineers, who made It a clean sweep of the regular play and the tournament. For the En gineers, Pittman had U, Coor 10, Austin and Wilder 6, Gran tham 3, and Turner and Sulli van 2. For the losers, Eldred Boone had 26, Jones and Eason 2 each. At the end of the game tro phies were presented and pic tures were taken by the News Argus. We are grateful to acknowl edge the fine job of refereeing done by Dean Waller and Charles Poindexter. We are also grateful to Coach Jim Bennett for allowing us to have Intramurals. NOTICE: TTiere will be a girls basketball shoot off con test held In the Spring Quarter. Also, don't forget boys be get ting up your Intramural soft ball teams.
Wayne Community College Student Newspaper
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 22, 1970, edition 1
3
Click "Submit" to request a review of this page. NCDHC staff will check .
0 / 75