Newspapers / Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, … / Aug. 29, 1915, edition 1 / Page 1
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;y: ..'V v . v -. . . - , , ' ' . W -'. ,. '1 V1. .? ' - .",'" 1 - ' .: ..--" . f .it . r . ..- ..'-' ... . ,' '.. -.-- - - : , - .i " L r- . . . . . ..... t . . . , .- . . . ; r 't' ' . ' THE WEATHER- J2 Pages Today ONE SECTION Showers Sunday. Monday, partly cloudy; probably showers in west portion. VOL. XCVI NO. 160. 11 BERNSTORFF IS NOW WAITING Fl INSTRUCTIONS Is Sure of Speedy and Wholly Satisfactory End to Subma rine Controversy. . RETURNS TO NEW YORK peaceful Adjustment of Dis pute May Mean American Mediation for Peace. Washington, Aug. 28. Count Von Bernstorff, German ambassador here will leave "Washington for New York, to await instructions from his govern ment which he confidently expects will lead to negotiations that will bring a speedy and wholly satisfactory con clusion to the entire controversy be tween the United States and Germany over the question of submarine war fare. Unless the situation in Berlin wholly changes before the dispatches are sent, the ambassador believes he will be authorized to reopen informal discussions with Secretary Lansing to the end that a note may be framed by tue German government entirely satis factory to the United States. So far as the Department of State is concerned, formal presentation of the Arabic case to Germany awaited re ceipt from Ambassador Gerard at Ber lin of the German admiralty report on the destruction of the ship. Dispatches from Berlin tonight, said the report might be made any day or might be delayed a fortnight. The last of the German submarines operating south of Ireland will not return to port before that time. Until the admiralty state ment is received, however, and the Arabic case disposed of, it is unlikely that a discussion of the broader ques tion of submarine warfare will be re opened. . . '; v r. Believed Berlin 1 Anxious. In German circles here it Is firmly believed that the Berlin government is anxious to bring to a quick and a friendly termination the whole discus sion over the submarine campaign. The visit of Count von Bernstorff to Wash ington, acting on instructions from Ber lin, is viewed as conclusive proof that the liberal element of the German gov ernment hag triumphed and that every effort will be made to meet the views of President Wilson as expressed to the ambassador in an interview soon after the Lusitania was destroyed. . ' As to the Arabic case, it was posi tively stated tonight that whatever the German admiralty report might be, the Berlin government would give as surances that its submarine comman ders had received explicit instructions that no passenger ships be attacked without warning. It is believed the German govern ment win seek to make it clear that a national policy of the warfare against passenger ships has been suspended. Already offers of reparation for Ameri can lives iost with the ship have been made informally and Ambassador Bernstorff feels that, barring adjust ment of minor details, the friction be tween the two countries is at an end. ew Hope for Peace. Out of the relaxing tension of the situation a new hope for peace in Eu rope has sprung. German observers here have noted that there Is a group m each country which sees possibilities of American mediation behind peace ful adjustment of the American-German dispute. With one concession won from the belligerents by diplomatic means the security of the lives of neu trals on the high seas it Is thought possible that other nrorjosals may fol low with restoration of peace as their object. The ascendency of the Liberal element in Germany, it is said, lends color to that view so far as Germany is concerned. R00SEVKLT ISSUES LENGTHY REPLY TO SECRETARY GARRISON Be Also Takes Issne on the "Unpre- paredness" of the Kleet. Ol-Ctn- I- -WT A -- AO "TO n WW A W Dd, 1. I., Aug. &o. r Ul President Theodore Roosevelt tonight '"uq another lengthy statement in reply' to Secretary of War Garrison In the controversy brought about by Mr. Roosevelfs Plattsburg speech. " Colo nel Rr.n,..,. t. !V. '."w.icvcil LUUK. l&SUe VV 1LI1 (.ilv hJj retary on the administration's issue to- "rtrns .Mexico and Haiti. He also call ed attention to what he called the un- Prepareo'ness of our fleet, saying In Cart- "I point out to him that for nearly 7 j ears in 1913 and 1914 the ships oi tne navy were never exercised, in fleet tanfllVCrin, J T ..ll.hlv'iTI. tormed, were never exercised in fleet ..it,1 13 "ron gunnery. The very great falling off in the Ell T1 "1 .Q -- i. 1 J ...... i,, mat was snown oy xne ts u5t spring and the early part of lne summer are directly due to this ipabie misconduct In handling our ':avy:'and it represents unpreparedness " the very worst kind because unpre Parrine5:9 that takes the shape of let t,e weapons that have been made Mdy jtieriy deteriorate is even worse 'in T:"'ure to provide new weapons FPMOHTH league sessions end "'prencp nd Representative Fwn ' nns or me juann. -' Asheville, N. C., Aug. 28. With the n,reKS t-f Dr. o. E. Brown, of Van erbiit University. Nashville. Tenn the -ou'iiem Methodist church, which has f Cf'!i ij, session at Lake Junaluska, - - f, Li V. LU1UC1 ClIUC : V. . . ' to an end tonient. The Enworth I.e - luceung closes ine conierenco ;-.-nn at Lake Junaluska. Four con -"-nrc have been held and air have attended by delegates from va- " et-cuons or trie, earth. ARMIES OF RUSSIA EVADING CAPTURE Are as Far if g Ever From the InvadinWGermans. AIR FIGHTg iG IN WEST ':.' -. ... ?-ri - German Aviate 'Attempt Attack oa Paris Bat Ayrlvn Back With Loos of One MachineAllies Drop Bombs on Towns. ; London, Aug. 28. The Germanic al lies have not yet exhausted their ef forts to smash completely the Russian army. While the Germans in) the Bal tic provinces under' Field Marshal von Hindenburg have again become aggres sive and are attempting to drive the Russians back to Dvina, the Austro Hungarians with the assistance of the Germans have taken the. offensive in southeastern Galicia, and, according to Berlin and Vienna, have succeeded in breaking through the Russian positions on the Zlota Lipa river, north and south of Braezany. . Along the rest of the front the Ger mans claim to be gaining more ground but apparently they are as far as ever from their main endeavor the capture or destruction of the Russian armies. The latter, although pressed hard at many points, continue their orderly re treat, leaving little or nothing that might be used by the invaders. Some rear guards which were left behind with machine guns to retard the Aus-tro-German advance, have been over whelmed and captured, but the guns, munitions and main forces invariably nave kept out of reach of the relentless pursuers. Whether the Russians will be able to make a stand in the new position which they are said to have prepared, the next few days should tell. There are reports that reinforcements are be ing sent from the east to the western and Serbian fronts but military writers express the opinion that so long as the Russian armies remain intact, it would be dangerous for the Austrians and Germans to detach troops for opera tions elsewhere. ' . . There is no evidenc of a German of fensive in the West, while . Serbian aviators report the Austro-German force gathered at Orsova for a rumor ed effort to force a war through Serbia and Bulgaria to render aid to Turkey, is not of the strength reported. On the western front the activity i of the airmen continues. Six German avi ators attempted an attack on Paris, but were driven off with the loss of one machine, while the Allies, apparently the British, threw bombs on Ostend, Middlekirke and Bruges. On the dunes at Middlekirke the Germans have some of their most formidable batteries for use against attacks from sea, while at Bruges the objective of the airmen would be the canal and docks which are used extensively by the Germans for transport purposes. The Balkan situation still creates a great" deal of interest and confidence is expressed that with Serbia showing a compromising attitude it will be set tled to the advantage of the Entente allies. Serbia's reply to the Allies, however, has not yet been delivered, ancT Bulgaria, Greece and Rumania are holding their hands, until the contents are known. REQUEST FOR INFORMATION AS TO AMERICAN SHIPMENTS American Concerns Complain of Neu tral Shipments Being Heia up. Woahin?nn. Aiiar .28. A reauest for information as to progress of private negotiations ror tne saie conaucx or American shipments from neutral coun tries abroad was forwarded to London today by the British, embassy. Persis tent reports that brokers in xonaon ixtai-a sKPiirinff nermits for such ship ments hnvA led to considerable activity by the trade advisers of the State de partment wnicn naa iaiiea mus mr iu secure definite results. D. LONG. F NAVY SECRETARY, DEAD Had Also Served as Gover nor of Massachusetts He Was Appointed Head of the Navy Department by President McKin ley In 187, Serving Through Spaniaa-American War. Hingham, Mass., Aug. 28. John D Ixmg, former Secretary of the Navy and former Governor of Massachusetts, died at his home here tonight. i John D. Long was Secretary of the Navy during the SpanishTAmerican war.- It was he who is on record as having dispatched the famous message of April 25, 1898, to Commodore George Dewey, commanding the Asiatic squad ron, then awaiting orders at Hong Kong. The message read: "War commenced between, Spain and the United States. Proceed at once to the Philippine Islands. Capture or de stroy the Spanish ships. Use the ut most endeavor. - It was on ; the sixth day after the receipt of these orders that Dewey re ported his great victory in the battle of Manila Bay. j ' Mr. Long was . called to head the Navy " Department when President Mc Kinley took office in March, 1897, and also served a year in the cabinet of Freeideat Roosevelt. JOHN ORMER WILMINGTON, IE IS ON THE ROTTERDAM Apprehends He May be Cap tured by the Germans. IS SECRET PASSENGER Boarded Xfaer, With His Queen and Servants, Two Days Before Sail ing from New York Is Re turning to India. New York, Aug. 28. Somewhere in the dangerous waters that wash the British Isles the steamship Rotterdam is nearing the port of Falmouth to night with an Indian Prince aboard whose chief apprehension is that he may be captured by the Germans and held for ransom. He Is Jagatjit Singh Bahadur, Maharajah of Kapurthala, whose rich principality lies in the Pun jab of India, and reckoned one of the wealthiest and most powerful of ln dian rulers; and he sailed secretly from this port August 21 on his way back to his kingdom after a two months' tour of the United States and Canada. With the Maharajah are his Queen the Maharanee a Spanish beauty whom he wed in Madrid five years ago; his secretary, M. Roy, a considerable retinue of servants and an American girl, Miss Maggie Cullen, to whom the Maharanee took a liking while in the West. Friends of the royal couple are very much afraid that German submarine commanders might hear, of the Maha rajah's departure from New' York were it published here and knowing of his great wealth, might He in wait for the ship, take him off and hold him for ransom. So it was arranged that he should leave the United States secretly and take the Rotterdam, a Holland American liner, for Falmouth. To make certain that no one, save a few close friends and officials, should know of his plans, the Maharajah and his party boarded the steamer two days before she was due to sail and remained aboard in seclusion. They made the trip to the Hoboken pier in a closed automobile with drawn curtains at night, and after they1 were taken' to" their quarters in the ?royaliJ suite, the pier was closed, until - the vessel's departure, to everyone not in tending to sail. Meantime to preserve outward appearances, the Maharajah's summer residence, a big house on Long Island, rented for the season, was kept open' as usual. The Indian servants remained on the premises and those whom he took back in his retinue were quietly replaced with others so that neighbors would not notice the change. To allay any suspicion of the Maharajah's departure, an interview was given out in his name, four days after he had sailed, telling that he preferred Broadway's lights to everything else. Thus, while he was in mid-ocean, by the published statement attributed to him, it was made to appear that he was still en joying himself in this country. ANOTHER SHIPMENT GOLD AND SECURITIES FROM ENGLAND Train of Six Steel Express Cars, Guard ed, En Route to New York. Springfield, Mass, Aug. 28. A treas ure train containing millions of dollars in gold and securities, shipped from London by way of Halifax, N. S., passed through New England tonight on its way to New York. In the six steel ex press cars containing tne second of a series of gold shipments resigned to strengthen British credit in the United States, 38 armed guards kept watch while a pilot train was sent in front to make sure that ,the roadbed was safe. The train enterec the United States through Vanceboro, Maine, and sped across New England to New York by way of Albany. It was expected to arrive in New York early Sunday morn ing. American Naval Experts Plan Greater Efficiency. Main Batteries on Battleships Hereaf ter Will be Thirty Degrees, Which Will Enable Firing Far Beyond 'Horizon. Washington, Aug. 28. Main -batteries of American battleships hereafter will be given an elevation of 3d de-, grees, virtually doubling the present angle of fire, according to a decision by Navy Department experts after close study, it is said, of all available Information on naval engagements of the European war.s The effect of the change- will be, to increase materially the range of the navy's 14-inch guns and also make gun fire mo re accurate Jn rough weather. TheVjjruns now have sufficient range to reach anything within the limit of vision at sea. The added elevation will enable them to hurl shells at ob jects far beyond the . horizon or over hills of considerable size In bombard ing land fortifications. A new problem has been presented as a result; of the .high angle fire, and navy experts are studying methods of increasing "deck ! armor against the plunging- fire of. shells hurled from c a great distance. t DOUBLE RANGE OF Ml mum nil datti rnuinn n nn iiij nui u rnn rn UUIIU Ull UIIJ IbkWIIII w N. C., SUNDAY MORNING, AUGUST 29, 1915 PANAMA ARTILLERY FORGESINCREASED Full Gun Crews Will Defend Coasts at Each, End of Canal. PLANS OF THE ARMY Full Garrisons for the Canal Defenses Determined Upon Congress May be Asked for Big Increase in Coast Artillery Corps. Washington, Aug. 28. The coast ar tillery force on duty at the Panama Canal will be increased to full strength of 28 companies or about 2,000 men, it was learned today, the former policy of maintaining the big gun crews at about half strength in peace time hav ing been abandoned. Fortifications of the canal zone are rapidly nearing completion. Originally it was planned to man them with 14 companies under the theory that it was improbable that the defenses at both ends of the waterway would be at tacked simultaneously and the canal and railroad made rapid shifting of the forces to the danger point possible. Under the general readjustment plans of the army, full garrisons for the ca nal defenses have been determined up on and it is considered certain that' a big increase in the coast artillery corps will be asked for when Congress re-as-sembles, as the doubling of the canal forces will materially -reduce the forces in territorial United. States. Plans are now before the army forti fications board for. .the equipment of new fortifications of the first class with 16-inch rifles, having a range of about 20 miles. It is not proposed to substitute these gigantic weapons for the present 12-inch and 14-inch batter ies, but in all new works and when the smaller guns are worn out and dis carded, the 16-inch rifles will be in stalled. One 16-inch rifle, built several" years ago, has been ordered installed in the canal zone defenses. It is understood, however, that a newer type of gun has been developed by army engineers with increased range and striking pow.er-.v'.':- .. l- :-T ,. , OBSERVANCE OF IAF A YETTE'S BIRTHDAY CALLED FOR SEPT. 6. Committee Asks- That Celebration be General Throughout America. New York, Aug. 28. A call for a general American observance of La Fayette's birthday on September 6tn was issued here today by a volunteer committee, of which Myron T. Herrick,. former ambassador to France, is hon orary chairman. Inasmuch as the an niversary falls on labor day the com mittee commends to public attention the opportunity thus afforded to hon or the memory of a man through whose efforts the "sympathy of France for the cause of freedom was given effec tive expression" in the struggle for American independence. War News at a Glance While Petrograd unofficially express es the opinion, that the Russians are on the eve of digging themselves in and making a stand on a new front, there are no indications as yet of a halt in their retrograde movement or of any let-up in the force of the Teu tonic on-rush. On the contrary, the Austro-German offensive has broken out again in a sector where there has been compara tive Inactivity for the better part or two months past in Eastern Galicia, where the lines along the Dneister, the Zlota Lipa and the Gnlla Lipa have changed only little since early In July when the Teutonio armies swung north and began the closing in movement which resulted in the Russian with draway from the Warsaw salient. The Russian lines, Berlin claims, have now been broken along the Zlota Lipa and the. Russians are in full re treat under energetic Austro-German pursuit. Apparently it is the Teutonlo aim completely to clear Galicia of Rus sian troops. The retreat of Grand Duke Nicho her armies from Brest-Litovsk and the line to the north is oelng harassed, by Field Marshal von Mackensen's armies and those of Prince Leopold of Ba varia, the latter having penetrated the Bieloviezh forest, while southeast of Bialystok General von Eichhorn has pushed eastward as far as the town of Narew. In the north, however, where Vilna and Dvinsk are at stake, the Russians are offering a stiff resistance. At some points here, apparently they have even taken the offensive. Berlin declares their attacks were repulsed. On the front in France, the artillery and the airmen have been active but infantry sallies from the trenches have been lacking. Berlin says that French air attacks on Ostend, Middelkirke and Bruges were without success and that in Muelheim, Baden, three persons kill ed in a bomb attack were civilians. Little change in the situationin the Dardanelles is' indicated by recent ad vices, both official and unofficial. The losses of the Entente allies in the at tack made at Anafarta: while the re cent landing was taking place-are de clared by a correspondent .t: Turkish headquarters to have beenextremely heavy, the killed alone beingestimated at about 5,000. . . ' : ; Conferences are In progress between British government officials and repre sentatives of the Welsh miners, among whom there is dissatisfaction over the arbitration award following the recent coal strike. Several thousand 'opera tives already have gone out despite the advice of their leaders, 4,000 being added yesterday to the number on strike. f I SECOND STEP EOR PEACE IN MEXICO Conferees Will Meet Again Probably Next Week. VILLA FAVORS APPEAL OaJ for Reassembling of Pan-American Delegates "' May Be Made as Soon as Carramss's Reply vReaehes Washington. Washington, Aug. 28. The next step in' the effort to' bring peace in Mex ico will be considered, by , the Pan American conference probably next week. A majority of the military and political leaders in Mexico have replied to. the appeal of . the conference for a peace agreement. It was officially announced today that the conferees would be , reassembled soon, although a definite date for the meeting has not been set. General Carranza's reply is expected early" next week and it is understood the call for the meeting will be issued as soon as that is in Mr. Lansing's hand. Carranza officials here said the reply probably would be sent as soon as General Carranza reached Mexico City to re-establish his capital there. . Responses favorable to the appeal have come from General Villa and all his military commanders, members of his cabinet and political advisers. All replies from Carranza generals and advisers have referred the decision to their chief. All Mexican leaders outside the Carranza and -Villa factions have accepted the- offer of the Pan American conference in arranging for a convention to be held In neutralized Mexican territory for: the purpose of creating a provision government to ar-. range general elections.. Mexican leaders favoring the Pan American plan are located principally in the north and west of Mexico; those opposing it are in East and Central Mexico. Before another conference is held Carranza's adherents are hopeful that General Obregon will have captured Torreon toward which he is .said to be advancing. Villa is said to be massing f oreesr at Torreon to- meet this at tack. A decisive, battle there may have a far-reaching effect on the future, of the republic. PLEADS CAUSE OF RED CROSS. Taft Speaks at Celebration of Red Cross Day at Exposition. San Francisco, Aug. 28. William H. Taft, former President, pleaded today the cause of the American Red Cross at exercises celebrating Red Cross day at the Panama Pacific Exposition. He urged a membership of millions, more funds and neutrality in giving. He praised Americans for their ready response to calls for relief funds when the European war' begah," but depre cated the fact that ' two-thirds of the funds given were disbursed by relief bodies; organized on ' the spur of the moment, while the Red Cross stood ready with a trained organization to do the work. Mr. Taft said he did not undervalue "the sweets of publicity and popular applause" in promoting good work. But he thought the desire on the part of donors for publicity was harmful when it led to a division of forces and an increase of unnecessary expense. RALEIGH BOILERMAKER KILLED. Fatally Injured in Fall From Roof of Building. (Special Star Telegram.) Raleigh, N. C, Aug. 28. Matthew G. Jones, boilermaker, fell from the roof of the Raleigh Iron Works this after noon and sustained injuries from which he died this evening. He was 50 years old and leaves a wife and three children. . FOLK IS COUNSELLOR OF STATEJEPARTMEHT Accepts Post Tendered Him by President Wilson. Will Fill Office Which Has Been Va cant Since Secretary Lansing Be came Secretary of State Is New York Man. Washington, Aug. .28. The selection of Frank L .Polk, corporation counesl of New York city, to be - counsellor of the State Department, was formally announced tonight by Secretary Lans ing. The President has tendered the position to Mr. Polkwho has accepted. Mr. Polk will succeed Mr. Lanslngi who became secretary on the resigna tion of William Jennings Bryan last June. The counsellor's office has been vacant since Mr. Lansing took his place in the cabinet. . While John Bassett Moore was coun sellor, he acted for the Secretary In all matters in the latter's absence from Washington and the rule continued in effect while Mr. Lansing held the post. Diplomatic callers were referred to the counsellor, and when matters of 'press ing Importance were pending, such as the correspondence with Germany over the Lusitania case, the counsellor was called'into conference at cabinet meet ings. "While it has not been definitely decided, it is virtually certain that the rule' will continue in effect 'after Mr. Folk takes office , HEW HANOVER TOPS ENTIRE SOUTHLAND Leads All Rural Counties in School Sanitation. TRIBUTE TO OFFICIALS United States Public Health Service, in Public . Report, Points to. This County's Remarkable Record in Sanitary Progress. (Special Star Telegram.) Washington, D. C, Aug. 28. The United States Public Health Service to day paid a high tribute to the officials of New Hanover county for its prog ress in sanitation. Not long ago, the report says, every home in . Cape Fear township had a-toilet and now Mason boro township has equalled that rec ord. In October of last year 14 per cent of the white families and 47 per cent of the negro population had no toilets of any description. "This progress," the report says, "is very significant when it is considered that approximately one-half of all farm homes in the Gulf-Atlantic states have no sanitary convenience of this type. "The County Board of Education has now provided for every rural school in the entire county a sanitary toilet with concrete tanks. So far as statistics are available at the present moment, no other rural county in the entire South is equal to New Hanover in its school sanitation. If any other county has as good school sanitation as New Hanover, it certainly should not hide its light under, a bushel." In discussing the striking features of the New Hanover work, the public health report mentions in the first in stance the intelligence with which the New Hanover inhabitants are going about this work. Among the other striking, features may be mentioned the fact that, the, actual field work is done by sanitary policemen, also that the work is accomplished by persua sive methods instead of through the police courts; .further, that the ideals held up to the public are high despite the fact that these standards are not attained Immediately in all cases. "During the year 1914, there have been 1,856 flush closets installed in the city, an average of 154 per month, thus reducing very greatly the amount of soil pollution." AMERICAN TRADE WILL LOSE MILLIONS ON CHRISTMAS GOODS British Order Will Not Let Great Quan tities of German Wares Pass. Berlin, via London, Aug. 28. Ameri can business men in Germany are tak ing the gloomiest view of the fate of great quantities of goods ordered in Germany for the American Christmas trade. They say that the loss of these goods will amount to millions. Orders totaling about $50,000,000 for such wares as toys, Bohemian glass ware, bronzes, Christmas cards and optical specialties had been placed for summer delivery, it is stated, this be ing the usual practice in order to give American wholesale dealers an oppor tunity to place the goods. The articles are all of a seasonal value and become virtually valueless unless delivered im mediately. However, the British order in council, although not effective when the orders for the goods were placed, prevents such a delivery. The order in council also Is playing havoc with golf supplies. Golf balls and clubs are being exhausted rapidly and ardent golfers are objurgating England and planning an appeal to their fellow enthusiasts in America. PLOT TO BLOW UP GARY. Kayser's Sentiments Perhaps Led to Murder. Authorities Strengthen Belief Dead Man's Utterances and Activities Caused Crime Chief of Police Threatened. Gary, Ind., Aug. 28. Threats to kill Chief of Police Heintz if he continued to investigate the murder of Rev. Ed mund A. Kayser, and the alleged dis covery of a plot to blow up the Aetna Powder Company's plant at Gary, where quantities of war explosives were manufactured, today led the au thorities who were endeavoring to es tablish a motive for the crime and ap prehend its perpetrators to strengthen their belief that the slan pastor was a victim of his pro-German utterances and activities. Chief Heintz today received a letter warning him that his life would be taken if he pushed the Inquiry too far. The police official accepted the threat lightly and asserted that he considered the missive a clew, intimating he knew its origin. Fort Wayne, Ind.,-Aug. 28. George Williams, age 25, an aeronaut, was kill ed late today when ,he jumped out of his parachute- to escape -falling into a forest. ; : His neck was broken." ' T 1 ; ' : ' . v.'- ' f' '." ..; ' : D POWDER FACTORY WHOLE NUMBER 39,306 LOW WAGES POUND Compulsory and Oppressive Methods Used Against the Workers of the Nation. IS MENACE TO PEACE Report of Industrial Relations Commission, to be Present ed to the Congress Kansas City, Kan., Aug. 28. Low wages was found to be one of the basta causes of Industrial unrest in the re port which Frank P. Walsh, chairman of the Federal Commission on Indus trial Relations, and the labor mem bers of that body, will present to Con gress as a result of the commission's two years investigation into the sub ject. The report, embodying the per sonal findings of Mr. Walsh and con- curred in by Commissioner John B, Lennon, James O'Connell and Austin B Garretson, was made public here to day. "The workers of the nation, through, compulsory and oppressive methods, legal and Illegal, are denied the full product of their toll," says the report,, and the resulting industrial dissatis-i faction said to have reached "propor tions that already menace the social, good will and the peace of the nation." Responsibility for the condition un der which they live was placed primary ily upon the workers themselves, who "blind to their collective strength and often times deaf to the cries of their followers have suffered exploitation and the invasion of their most sacred rights without resistance." The report in part follows: - . .-, The Commission's Report. "We And the basic cause of the indus trial dissatisfaction to be low wages, or, stated in another way, the fact that the workers of the nation through compulsory and oppressive methods, legal and illegal are denied the full product of their toil. "We further find that unrest among the workers in industry has grown to proportions that already menace the social good will and the peace of the nation. Citizens numbering millions smart under a sense of injustice and oppression. The extent and depth of idustrial unrest can hardly be exag gerated, i - "Employers have created and main- tained small private armies and used, their forces to intimidate and suppress their striking employes by deporting, imprisoning, assaulting and killing their leaders. Elaborate spy systems are maintained to discover and forestall the movements of the enemy. The uae of state troops in policing strikes hai bred a bitter hostility to the militia sys-i tern. Rightfully Accused. "Courts, legislatures and governor have been rightfully accused of serv ing employers to the defeat of justice, and while counter charges come, fromv the employers and their agents wlth.al most negligible exceptions, it is th wage earners who believe, assert and. approve that the very institutions of their country have been perverted by the power of the employer. 1 "We find the unrest here described to? be but the latest manifestation of tho age-long struggle of the race for free dom of opportunity for every indi- vidual to live his life to Its highest! ends. ' ' "The unrest of the wage earner has been augmented by recent changes andj developments in industry. Chief ofl these are the rapid and universal In troduction and extension, of machinery . by which unskilled workers may ba, substituted for the skilled, and ar equally rapid development of means ot rapid transportation and communlca tion by which private capital has been enabled to organize in great -corpora tions. "Now, more than ever, the profits of great industries under centralized con trol pour into the coffers of stockhold ers and directors who never have saj much as visited the plants and wh perform no service in return. VWe find that-many, entire communi ties exist under the arbitrary economic! control of the corporation officials: charged with the management of an in dustry or group -of industries ajid we find that in such communities political liberty does not exist and its forms are hollow mockeries. The Workers Are Responsible. "The responsibility for the conditions which have been described above, we declare rests primarily upon workers. who, blind to their collective strength and often times deaf to the cries of their followers have suffered exploita tions and the invasion of their most sacred rights without resistence. A large measure of responsibility must, however, attach to the great mass of citizens. " But, until the workers them selves realize their responsibility, no action whether governmental or altru istic, can work any genuine and lasting improvement. "We call upon our citizenship regard less of politics or economic conditions to use every means of agftstion, all avenues of education and every depart ment and function of government to eliminate the injustices exposed by this committee to the end that each laborer may 'secure the whole product of his labor.'" New York, Aug. 28. Three special trains carrying more than 300 bankers, .from New York and New England, bound for the 41st annual convention of the American Bankers' Association to be held in Seattle from September 6' toritf left Wre tonight, TO BE CAUSE FOR INDUSTRIALUNREST I I 4. .Vi! S .1 i I 1 y;f v. , f V 1 1 ."
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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Aug. 29, 1915, edition 1
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