North Carolina Newspapers

fAGEFOtnt THE rAKDI.TNTAjr EVDTVO SATURDAY. OCTOBER 6. 194S EDITORIALS LOW WAGES REAL ISSUE The Senate haa struck out of the Tru man-sponsored unemployment compensa tion bill the provision to raise the benefit maximum to $25 a week. One of the chief arjrumonts ajfainst raising the maximum is that a hijfher allowance would encourajre loafintf by making it pleasant and worth while. The argument probably has a jfreat deal of validity. There wa.sstronif opposition in the South to the increase, Governor Cher ry of our state and many otluir. ioinin^r in it. It is significant that so mucli of the opposition did come from the South, where wattes a»e jrenei-ally helow the a\- erasre of the coiinlry as a wlu)l«'. Even when one admits, as one must, that a larjfe iscrejuse in unemployment benefits m'lfhl promote a reluctance on the part of many tu take jol)s, one should not forsret that increased umonployment allowances look bijf only to thus ■ whose waf?es whet> employed a r e ao pitifully small. -•Xn incomi* of $25 a week is an in* ome of a year. Surely no luxuric us stanl- ard of living is possible for the averag.' family on such an income. Vet a iarge percentage of all families in this etmnlry in ordinary times do no: achime suen an iiu'ome. and the portion lalling Ix low that level in the South is very high It is to he hoped llial th«‘ iiecd for a great deal of unemployment msuraiice payments of any si;;*- will not e.xist that private industry will lie ahh’ tf) pro vide jobs becau.so of a sidid pr(*sperity in the post-war period. I’rol>Hl)ly of niof- vital concern in the long j*ijn is the pro posed legislation t« raise the minimum wage to 55 cents, and ultimately beyond thar. It is worthy of note t.hat some forward- looking southern senators are taking an ar- tive paid in fostering tliis move, including Senator Pepper of Florida, and Senator Hill, of Alabama. * t ALMOST A HUNDRED We could not let the 9Sth anniversary celebration of St. Paul A. .M. E. Churcli. Raleigh, pa.ss too far into history without speaking a word of congratulation on the the end of the drafting of hoys ju.'it out of high scliool a prol>aiiilily in tlu* not too distant future, there is good reason to be lieve that enrollments in the next two or three years will break the present new records. The situation is further complicat ed by the fad that numerous colleges dur ing the war scarcity of ni a 1 e .studimts turned over their men's living |iiartors for the housing of women students, and m many esses tlie d»*ficil in men stud(>nts was completely cance’led by tin* absorption (if more girls. The upshot of it all is that every ‘ "I lege ill the state finds itself loo small to accommodat(* all *he applicants for ad- niis-sion. There must be an increa.se in hou.sing facilities at our collegc.s, if they are to do completol.v the job for wliich they eXist. In .spile of the stead> increas.- in the past 25 years in the numlier of Nh'- gro youth going to colh ge. the proportion of our voung people receiving a college ed ucation Is still tow a.s compared to that of the white population. The problem is,cor- tainly not that of too many Xegroes go ing to college, it is chariy the lack of capacity on the part of the college* i’articularly does he state have an ii.- escajialde oldigatioii to enlarge tlie fac ili- tie.s of the stale institutions. As tax sup ported institutions for the people tlie state colleges should not find il nete.ssary to turn away a single student uualilied to enter. FUN WITH A CAR A rec4>nt nevv.v deni read in a Ualeigh daily; ’‘Uobb} f)otton. 16, .... wliile dri' - ing a IhlO Ford oupe east on Fairview Koad. plunged thnuigh a .stone wa'I in the yard of John (irimes . . ., pl«)vved through hedges for sonn‘ 20 to 25 feet, and th.- ca wrapped dself around a telephooe pole, .According to officers Cotton vvji.s racing with a driver, who was not id*‘id*- ied, at the time of the accident ” .A p«-rfi-ct (‘Xaniple of the irresponsibili ty of some moiorists, which was meiition- I'd in these eolamns la.*-! week as the most important factor is the higii automobile accident and fatality rale, llighway deaths have become so commonplace that we have become callou.s to this prevent able method of running up the .nortaliiv rata. Voung Cotton did not die: in fact h«' fortunately apparently escap'^d .serious injury, as th' newspaper aceouiit .-pecifi. - HOME WKId'OMI ’ iecDiicJ llioualit^ By C. I/. HLAiJLlBURTON Ihi' L’luvt't; loothall te ■ ih ■ Cuiiiy l.i( : ..ia C.iiiip Lc.. Theie : :..,e .\. , pj.e-e: in tile eaniy : t'.v-j ol 'vhijm hauitd p;i>iii.n«-nlJy in the Kaine, which w.. won by ih. Tai‘he‘-is b\ u .-lu.ui N • po i-., ,i( nt uiii .si’t by tlie L'li.vt !.-.!y'.. an, ;ar as. play- inK aj*a;rw.t te..;;.., wi!h .Negio niembi ia cs cuncerned; '.hal has ..ipp«neii helun. but ..;v.u\. above tin- Mason and Dixon's line. Wnat was ncA Wdx thijt a major team repre.senling -o impoilant southern instiiulion of learning p’ayed agautst Ne groes in a game staged in lh« South. It wa.-v not played on Pte campus of a southern colli-go, but it was played in the state cl Virginia, lH.'£orc a laige and j'poilsnian'ikt crowd. According to the A.v«.. ;a!t'd P- ri-po, t. >'n' of f'amp I- •piav- ers. Jack.'i-n, f’om H.i.i.n. Conn, A.i,-. ,T .-tar in tiw ar!y that .lackson and Zuba, another 1 boy, nceived gteal ova tion-. lium the spectatdii.. In a way what happened at Camp Lee may he regaided as of ai.noi importance; but from another point of view it is n it nttwa.-.aiuv so. One of the mo'.t hopeful a.specU of the American cha.jicter from the standpoint of the lulure progress of the Ne- gio race in this country is its strung underlying sense ■vf sportsmanship and fail' play. Givin a chance to function, U unerringly operates against prt- judice and lor an even chanc«» for everybody. I*, makes for tho approval of merit wherevtr found, and Judges men by per- foimarvce. Playing together is one of the best ways to promote mutual re spect and go^ fi'clmg. As long as contestants and spectatots maintain the traditional sporls- n.anlike attitude there is nothmg which is moie likely to promote proper rr latiums hc-tween ^iioup.-c than participation n wUli hi.-, clean and always hon orable competition, plus his re- maikabit skill in boxing, has cuniribulcJ more to the prestige ol the Negro ract among the lank and file of the American population than a doz«-n assort ed college professors, successful business men and race relations ixpiTts put together. Ciedit bemngs to someone in Camp L‘e for the policy of blithely ignoring useless and cramping patterns of race rela- tionship.s, tor naving Negroes on the camp team, instead of hav ing a white t* am and a colored team. Graves says that the baud that played at the game was similarly mixed. And credK is due also to the athletic and whatever other au thorities of the University of No, th Carolina are rcsponsibl-?, for going on and playing the game as a game, instead of balking at color We hope that certain /.ealous but old-fashion ed white citizens of our stale do not hear about what happened THE NEGRO IN LATIN AMERICA HAROLD PREECC Yangs of Mexico He had been the son of a kind in Africa, but he 'bought that king.«i were out of place in America, He was tall and well-built, and ;ie had refused to be any man's slave. His name was Yanga, end he had already been a fugitive m the Vera Cruz mountains for 30 years on that hot day in 1800 when Spanish Viceroy Don Luis de VeUaco hold in his hands a manifesto, signed by the trouble- .some African, which was being circulated throughout the length and breadth of Mexico. i call to my banner all men wb love human liberty and are determined to fight and die for it," so read that piece of paper signed by a man. still leg illy a slave, who had no business knowing how to write anyhow. The Viceroy hated Mexico to begin wiiu, and this was the second time that he had been shipped off from the fashionabU court at Madrid to this colony where Negroes and Indians teamed up to overthrow the vast empire of His Majesty, The King of Spain. In the days that followed. His Highness the Viceroy was awak ened with cold sweats and nightmares. Like Bilbo, he wished thst "everv blasted Negro” might be deported back to Africa. For daily, messengers from Vera Cruz brought him word that men, who had heard the words of Yanga, were finding their way back to .he rhiefs headquarters in the mountains—men who were not only Negroes but mixed-blood Negro-Indian mestizoes and even white men. The rebels, so 'he mewengers reported, were denned up oe- tween the Cofre de Peote and the Peak of Orizaba. And in thf.f whole section, nobody yielded allegiance to the King of Spain but nobody questioned the authority of Yanga. Raid Rarchas Then the big ranches of the wealth Spaniards in Vera Crus began receiving unexpected visits from detachments of hard-riding, heavily-armed black horsemen, led either by Yanga or by his serond-in-rommand. the courageous Negro guerilla fighter, Fran cisco de la Matosa. The rebeU killed the white men on the ranches if they resisted, kidnapped the women, and carried off everything movable that they could load on park horses To make matters worse, Spanish noble men. with gold lace on their sleeves and gold coins in their pockets, were halted and robbed on their way from Vera Cru/. City to Mexico City. Now. Don Luis de Velasco loved the head on his shoulders even if the wig on top of the head weighed more than the brain inside. He went into grave conference with his favorite priest and his favorite mistress. And each told him the same thing-—that the King would claim the head Of Don Luis if Don Luis did not claim the head of Yanga. He sent his crack commander, Herrera, out with 200 crack troopi to smash the rebel Negro and his rebel forces. Herrera and his men spent days trying to locate the handsome Africans, but only a mocking laugh from the forest or a bullet, whizzing into their midst and killing one of Spain's finest troopers, rewarded their search Then one day. a wnite trooper lagging foolishly behind his com rades was captured by a scouting patrol of Negroes who did nert kill him but brought him before Yanga for judgment. % Yangs Writes A Letter Yarga’s hair was graying, jut his face was as determined at a youni^ man's when he looked for a long time into the sacred face of the captive and then said; "Spaniard, have no fear; you shall not die for you have seen my face. Take this letter to your ccmipatriot, Herrera, In it. I tell him that we have fled to the mountains from the cruelty of the white man; that we aeek our freedom for which God, who teCr the justice of our cause, has protected us, giving us many victorlet. We are not bandits. If we come down upon the ranches and takg what we need, it is only because we are using arms to obtain whgt has been denied us. I shall not compromise. There can be no peace between whites and blacks. If he comes, let him know that we shall resist him." Now Herrera got as mad about that letter as Bilbo does when some Negro writes him tilling him off. He penetrated with his forces deeper into the mountain* and, through some unexplainable tive part- in fostering this move, including Senator Pepper of Florida, and Senator of Alabama. |>f ALMOST A HUNDRED W4 could not let the 98th anniversary eelebi'ation of St. Paul A. M. E. Church. Raleigh. pass too far into history without •peaking a word of congratulation on the occasion of its hundredth birthday lack ing two, and expressing good wishes for the future. A record of 98 years for any independent Negro in.stitution, especially in the South, is really historical, and worth being proud of. St. Paul throughout its long history has ^contributed inestimably to the better as pects of the life of Negroes in Raleigh, and of the community at large. In more than one respect its good influence has reached far beyond the bounds of the city and the ■tate in which it is located. The CARO LINIAN extends its felicitations the pastor and the entire uiembership. and hopes with confidence that St. Paul Church will continue on its way, perform ing its high calling as it has tj^rongh its tong and fruitful past. TCX> SMALL Despite the fact that there are eleven degree granting colleges for Negroes in North Carolina hundreds of students seek- to begin their higher education in this state were necessarily turned away from the gates of the higher institutions of the state this year. For the past two or three years there hat been a remarkable upward trend in college enrollment, not only in North Caro lina but everywhere, and there is no in dication that this growth will soon cease. With thousands of ex-service men return ing to complete their education, and with THE CAROLINIAN Published by The Carolinian Publishing Co. Entered as second-class matter, April 6, 1940, at •w Post Office at Raleigh. N. C.. under the Act if March 3. 1879. P. R. JBRVAY, Publisher C. D. HALLIBURTON. Editorials CARL EASTERLING. Circulation Manager Subscription Rates One Year, $2.00; Six Months. S1.25 Address all conununications and make all ehecks payable to The Carolinian rather than to individuals. The Carolinian expressly repudiates responsibility for return of unsolicited pictures, manuscript, etc., unless stamps are sent. 118 East Hargett St.. Raleiglv N. C. ^ Teloplione 9474 impoilant factor ia the high automobile accident and fatality rate. Highway dealha have become so commonplace that we have become calloua to this prevent able method of running up the mortaliU^ raU. Young Cotton did not die, in fact he fortunately apparently escaped serious Injury, as the newspaper account specifies only that he “waa arrested and charged with speeding and cited to appear in City Court.” But that he survived, and that others who might have been on the street or sitting peacefully on their own lawn.^ were not killed or injured, is not the fault of the very young man and his rival in the race staged on one of the city’s thor oughfares. There is something wrong with the end of the story, and maybe with the begin ning, too. Is the average boy of 16 quali fied to receive a driver’s license unde'* present day traffic conditions? Even if the answer to this question if in the af firmative, there is another ((uestioli Should anyone of any age keep his driv er's license after such a performance as described abovo? The CAROLINIAN is pleased to note that City Solicitor Alfonso Lloyd later amended the warrant in the Colton ca^e to include charges of careless and reckloas driving, and that .ludge Paul F. Smi'h gave him a six months’ su.'^pended sen tence, one of the conditions iieing that he surrender his driving license for .six months. It is a none too severe penalty, considering the dangerou.s potentialiiie.’* of the young man’s act; but at least it pro tects the public against him for half a year, and it may teach him, and possibl.' others, a lasting lesson. TIMELY SERVICE The program for the aid and counsel ling of veterans recentlv inauguarated b^’ Washington High ?>ohoel under the direc tion of .John H. Brown. Jr., is a fine ex ample of the kind of community service our public schools can render. The move is timely, and the service .should be or’ great use to returning veterans of this city and country. The administration of Washington High School is to be congratu lated on its alertness and community cuu- sciousiie.ss. above the Mason and Dixon’3 lino. What was new was that it major team representing an unportant southern institution of learning played against Ne groes in a game staged in the South. It was not played on the campus of a southern college, but it was played in the state of Virginia, before a large and sportsmanlike crowd. According to the Associated Press r« o/t. one of Camp Lee's Negro iv- ers, Jackson, from New H>iv(cn, Conn., was a star in the early stage of the game, until remov ed because of on injury. I..em Graves, who covered thi’ game for the Journal and Guido, said unerringly operates againsi pit • Judicc and for an even chance for everybody. It makes for the approval of merit wherever found, and judges men by per formance. Playing together is one of the best f/aya to promote mutual re spect and good feeling. As long as contestants and spectators maintain the traditional sports manlike attitude there is rrothing which is more likely to promote proper relations between groups than participation in games in a fair and friendly .'■imosphere. Whether you like it or n«t, it U probably true that old frozen-faced Joe Louis, IJie Vclllip IVillll, UlAlVTilU Ui Hav ing a white team and a colored team. Graves says that the band that played at the game was similarly mixed. And credM is due also to the athletic and whatever other au thorities of the University of North Carolina are responsible, for going on and playing the game as a game, instead of balking at color. Wo hope that certain zealous but old-lashicm- ed white citizens of our state do not heal- about what happened at Camp Lee, and appeal to the State Legislature, suh! (Don't worry, They probably won’t read about it in this column.) Lest We Fcraet. By W. U ORSEm Theoretically in a flcmocracy '.he 'irg.inviiUiin of the govern ment is sufficient to guarantee the devctopniciit of all ncalthy ctiizcn.s into worthy parlicipanU in the social proces'. The home, the schoi jiid voluittcer irtiil'i- tions such ufv lh> i hurch would setm to be equipprri tu train all ;hc chilorcn of all ‘iie people in the wa.^ of dcmocutic life. Uti- fortun.-itcly. however, our country has devch ped patterns of group behavior vh' h divitl* the people into interist group.* .uch that the interest.': •>{ too many of the groups conflict with the [/rincipics of d mocrac.V- The French ideal of revolution- ...y fin-.«' 'Liberty, .'^quality, and Fralerniiy" otherwise stated is the .American ideal also. The conslltu- tional guarantee that the pri'.- ilcgrs and immiinitlr« of Citizens of the United State.* (thall be AL!. the privileges and Immunities of cltizins in ihc scv ral states did not apply to the vast majority of the American colored p.oplc when the constitution was wrilten. At the limr of the writing of the con stitution most of Ih' colored in- hibiton.s of this fair land were slaves and not citizens. The Ci% . I : iidri-.nits to the constitu tion made slavery obsolete and made citizens of the olored natives but the vast majority of Ameri cans have never learned about this, certainly not in a functional way. Second class citizenship has become the lot of the descendants of the former slaves as a fcneral pattern throughout the country, not by law evcrywncre. but by ex tension of a bihavlo- pattern en gendered by southern law and pressed u])r»n the communities of the north and west by the south ern born travelers to those com munities. We must not forget thst this southern pattern fills the place d a religious sanction to the prac tice ol jtm crow throughout the nation, ^uthern law which erects legal barriers between citizens of a common country acts as a can- ccrcuf growth of fascism, spread ing into and destroying the tis sues of the democratic body and threatening Its very life. Once the Ijattern set by discriminatory law becomes acceptable to the coun try as a whole, democracy will die and the fascist remains of this country will befoul the air of the modern world. The last hepe of western demo cracy is bound up in the fate of the little people of America. We must support organizations try ing to make democracy work. SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON By Raw. M. W. WillUms Subjoc’ The Christian Way of Life. Matt. 22:36-39, .Mark 12.1834. Luke 10.2.S-37 Printed Text. Luk* 10 1.S.37 K«y Vei c. "Thou Snuli love the Lord thy God with .11 thy heart, and with all thy .eoul, and with .ill thv strength, and with all thy mind; and thy neighbor as thy self.” Luke 10:27. We study ti;day. the first tw 1 great commandments 'Matt 22. 36-39, Mark 12:28-34) and the para ble of the good Samaritan (Luke 10 2^-37* 'The quo-ill'111 of the lawyer concerning the two Com mandments tH>k plate in Jerusa lem. A. D 30, while the purabul of ■he gt.Hxl .‘"'aiTiaiitan wa- uttered in Perea, near the J. rdan River, A D 29 In view of the fact that there were *0 many Command ments 813?) over which the Rab bis disputed, it set'm.-: natural to ask Jesus whom they rec-ignized as an authority, for Ills interpre tation Here is a iincere setker after (ruth Alt of us can profit from this .seeker's attitude. When 111 ilooht. ‘it'k till’ lii'tli with an open mind, "fiearch the scriptures fer in them ye have eternal life." The second dhision of this lesson- The parable of the Good Samari tan. was orcasion by the question propounded by the luwyer-theolo- gian. who like many in our pre sent congregation, hear the preach er interprets God's message, hav' their own preconceived l«lea.i. fe-ir the truth and endeavor in hide behind mooted ques..ans Wnlch, of course is insincere and sen'et to throw cold water on the tru'.h but rebounds to condemn them The fact that he tried to Justify himself indic.ites he was dodging the issue Wrong seeks cover, right leeks tight; unright eousness limits ones action and giodwltl. love does not ask who. but extends to oil A TIMFI.Y 8TITDT AT A Tmri.Y TIME What is more timely than the teaching and practicing of the ChristUin Way of Living at a time when the world is so broken up and wounded, then rww? The ir.'tvic of wui' (.'US ualties; maimed and broken bodies of soldiers; people suffering from malnutrition; refugees on the verge of starvation, who will die if not fed; the racial problem; the industrial and labor problems; the juvenile delinquency problem; the broken hearts of thMC bereft of loved ones; all following the close of hostitlitief bring home most vividly The Christian And Hit, ReUtionshiiM. THE B«’8INE88 OF THE cnrRCH T'he key verse of this lesson is the heart and center of the entire study. Love in its purity. Jesus not only used and preached It but was the embodiment of it. He gave His life because He loved us (Jno. 3:16) The lawyer-theologian quibbled over it. The big business of the church is to teach and prac- tic Love. Let the church seige her opportunity — e-*t on the job — redouble its teaching force with those who have love in their hearts — preach it. teach It and pnictice it. Not by technique, but llii- -pirlt -4 i'hrut — 'Oo uitlo him that we have fled io the mountaing from the cruelty of ^ white man; that we aeek our freedwn for which Ood, who eMt the justice of our cause, has protected us, giving us many vtctorM; ' We are not bandits. If we come down upon the ranches and Uk| what we need. It is only because we are using arms to obtain what hat been denied us. I shall not compromise. There can be no paadb between whites and blacks. If he comes, let him know that we shall resist him." id Now Herrera got as mad about that letter as Bilbo does whan some Negro writes him tilling him off. He penetrated with his forces deeper into the mouncains and, through some unexplainable happening, finally managed to reach the rebel camp- After a bitter battle, the Spaniards captured the settlemenL But dozens of them— including Herrera—were killed by falling logs and boulders which, the Negroes, retreating to a high hill, rolled down on their attackers. PSMS With Vletorr The rebels retreated farther into the hllla, and battles con tinued. But, meanwhile, the rest of the country had failed to rise with Yanga against the Spaniards. Knowing that further resistance would mean the wiping out of his entire force and all hopes for the eventual independence of Mexico, the chief finally made a peace that was a partial victory with the Spaniards. Under the (''rms of the peace, full pardon and freedom was extended to Yanga’s men and their families. Moreover, they were to be allowed to found a town of their own with its own priest DOT*Lui, felt his neck, felt the heed stUl there, end breethed t jreat sigh of reiief as he signed the peace treaty. Not iong there after, there was founded not fer from the town of Cordoba tl« town of San Lorenzo de loa Negroa (San Lorenzo of the Bieeka.l The town was to last for many generations, a happy and pros perous community where no white man might move in to oppresg and rob its citizens. What Other Editors Say: Tbs Bupreme Court Nominatioa Tbe naming by President Tru man of Senator Harold Burton of Ohio for the vacancy on the Supreme Court, while generally acclaimed, brings to mind that again the President hss passed over the continued request of Negroes that a capable colored lawyer be appointed to that body. The colored lawyer who has beer most frequently suggested to the President is Dean W. H. Hastie of Howard University Law School, a brilliant attorney and a former United Slates Dis trict Judge. While Senator Burton is noted as an administrator and legis lator, he has had no experience on the bench, and there is a dis position to feel that a man ap pointed to the Supreme Court should have considerable judic ial experience. Dean Hastie has had the expe- lience which Senator Burton lacks. In the early days of the New Deal. Dedb Hastie was judge in the Virgin Islands Court and r-erved brilliantly in that capac ity. Therefore, contrasting the record of the two men. it will be conceded, we believe, that Dean others what you would have them do unto you.' (Matt. 7:13) These strikes—breaking out all over the nation, even In North Carolina, should give the chuitch p^iple grave concern. It is the Christians in a community who more or less ■et the standard. They are the em ployer find the employee. How coil Uiey '.il (o«cUu‘r lai .Suuday Hastie is the more fitted of the two for the Supreme Court S uit' aside from the iMue of vk oal capacity, however, is the fact that while the two ma jor p^ies. the Catholics apd the Jews have alwaya been\e^ resented on the Supreme Court bench, no President has ever nominated a Negro for such a vacancy. In view of the mtetlculous care taken to insure representation M each pollticai and minorily group on the Court, the appdUlV ment of * capable Nbgro-attor ney is long past due, and it ig our feeling ^at President Tm» men and the Senate should m- tify this error at the earlibn opportuni^, especiidly in view of the problems confronting Nd- groes in this country. —Pittsburgh Courier Teach yrur family not to leave the laundry hamper, waste baiketa brooms, and the like on stairs. De not allow children to play on stairs. Improved varieties, liberal appli cations of fertilizer, improved crop ping practices, and the concentra tion of crops on the most adaptable land have brought record crops throughout the United States. morning embibe the teachings of Jesus and rob each other on Mon day? There Is no Jew or Gentile, white or Negro Church In the sight of Ood. The Christian Church Is to bind up the wounds of all people — Jesu* la the Good Samaritan. His grace takes in all on the road from Jerusalem to l>-rldw. ■