PAGE FOUR fmrmfmr |k VIKWPOINf "SAVE” Has New Meaning The public school mess concocted by Gov ernor Hodges, Mr. Pearsall Mr Rodman and friends becomes more and more of a Hodge podge. The latest angle, is the Governor's statement to the effect that the people (mean ing the white people, of course) of North Car olina will be willing to pay whatever it takes to operate private schools which msj have to replace the public school system. This may be true but it hardly seems likely, and whether nr not it is so remains to he seen, for the people have not yet indicated, though there is s good chance that they, having been misled by their leaders are ready to jeopardize their school system by changing the state Con stitution to open the way for private school tuition grants and the closing of the public schools. More and more commentators are coming forward to point out that educational chaos is likely to follow if the Hodges Pearsall-Rod man plan is adopted by the people of North Carolina, It becomes more evident that it is not necessarily true that the people will swap their present system, of which they are justly proud and have been for a good many years, for something which no one has yet denied will he inferior for the purpose than the type of school system North Carolina already has and which North Carolina pionered in work ing out and adopting. It is not at all certain that the maintenance of complete racial, seg regation in the schools, which of course most of the white people would prefer, is as valu able as that to them One of the more transparent tricks of lan guage being used by the Governor and his supporters to sell his plan to the people is the one of calling it a plan to "save the schools.” This is certainly patent mislabeling, for one of the main features of the proposal is to provide for the closing of the schools. The slogan cannot be referring to saving the pri vate schools, for there are practically none in the state. For the sake of honesty the Hodges plan .should be plainly and clearly labeled for what Not Bidding We behave our government was right in can celing the offer to the Egyptian government to help finance the building of the Nile River dam. The original offer involved $1,300,000- 000, But it Is not the saving we think of. unless it is saving the dignity of the United States. It is not only unnecessary for the United States to bid against Russia in trying to buy the friendship or favor of or good will of other nations. It is true that 'withdrawal of our of f*r may leave the Egyptians free to accept any Further Explanation In Order Yhe Raleigh New* and Observer in an edi torial note appended to a letter-to-the editor in which it was alleged that the newspaper “favors integration” explains: ,! The News and Observer has not said it Tavor* integration’* for the simple reason that it does not favor it. It believes that the separa tion of the races in the public schools can be maintained substantially within the law, with- Students Getting Ready Encouragement: is to he found in a recent report on tendencies of North Carolina youths to continue their education beyond high school graduation. The report, released by the State Depart ment of Public Instruction, dealt with results of a survey conducted by Nile H, Hunt, co ordinator of teacher education and brought out, among other things, that the per centage of Negro high school graduates entering col lege in 1955 was greater than in the previous ymsr while that of white students dropped. Special Session Has Bright Side However sternly we may oppose the pro gram dealt with by this week’s special session the General Assembly, the manner in which it WM handeled has at least two heartening aspects. One wh the forceful and courageous roan aer *n which reasonable minded white North Carolinians came forward to express views Which run counter to the highly touted “South ern way of life.** One of the greatest handi cap# to progress in the field of Southern race relations heretofore has been the reluctance of liberal-minded white, persons to risk public criticism by taking the leadership In a just approach to the problem. Worthy of special mention in this connec tion are Prof. Douglas B. Maggs. Duke pro fessor of constitutional law; P. E. Bishop THE CAROLINIAN Published by the Carolinian Publishing Company, 518 E, Martin Street, Raleigh, N, C. Entered as Second Class Matter, April 6, 1940, at the Post Office at Raleigh, North Carolina, under the Act of March 1879. Additional Entry at Charlotte, N. C, Subscription Safest Six Months $2.75 ...Ono Y&m $4.58 Pay obi o in Advance -Address all coamun i cat ion s and make all checks and money or ders payable to THE CAROLINIAN. Interstate United Newspapers, Inc, Hi Fifth A venae, It. Y. 17, N. Y, National Advertising Bepr*. sentativa. This newspaper Is not responsible for i/be return of unsolicited news, pictwoa, or advartUisg copy ! unless necessary postage accompanies the copy. ?. S. fEHVAY, Publisher ' Alexander Barnes Advertising & Promotion Chas. Jones ... Nows & Circulation E. E. Swain Plant Superintendent J. C. Washington Foreman,, Mechanical Department Mr*. A, M. Hinton Office Manager MwMoti* expressed in pnbllslted In tbta newspaper a>« *ot aeeaaaartty Hum* es the pale. j■ ■■ \ vmm - ~ it is: an attempt to detour around the Su preme Court decision, and if that, fails, to give up public schools rather than consider com plying in the least degree with that decision. The white people of the state have the right to know what is in the offing if the amend ments are adopted. The Negroes already know, for they got the tip-off away back when the Governor first advanced his Judicious pro posal for voluntary segregation, pretending he thought it could work. You haven’t heard anything about that brilliant idea lately. Governor Hodges and friends worked out their later plans on the assumption that the white people would give up public education if necessary before they would permit any Ne gro children in a public school attended also by white children anywhere in the state, May be Governor Hodges is right in that assump tion but it remains to be seen. The Pearsall Commission worked on the assumption that the white people of the state would not sup port a public school system which permits any Negro children and white children to attend a school together, not only in 1956 or 1957, but in any forseeable future. We think this as sumption is an ill-founded one. The vote corning up in September may give some con crete evidence that it was not sn ill-founded assumption, but only if the people know what they are doing: and they cannot know if they are taken in by the “save-our-schools” dodge of Governor Hodges and his meet-in-the woods buddies while a state superintendent of schools collaborates in a plan which provides for the closing of the schools he is supposed to superintend. The Governor says that the woods meetings will have saved time, It took a hundred years, or nearly, to develop the school system of which, until recently. North Carolina was so proud, and justly so. The people of North Carolina may just possibly feel that what it took a bundrd years to build with so much sacrifice and labor and thought is worth tak ing some time to think about before deciding it must be junked. Russian proposal without interference, but that is a risk that must be taken. But we know already that good will cannot be purchased. The offer of the United States was in good faith, even though frankly our self-interest was involved. We proved this by making clear that we stand ready still to help Egypt; but it was made clear also that we are not trying to outbid Russia. We know that what we could so obtain could not possibly be worth the price. out closing the schools. ‘‘The News and Observer is. however, op posed to present proposals in attempetd evas ion of or defiance of the law which would en danger public education in North Carolina . . The writer of the original letter probably wonders how the two paragraphs above can be reconciled. So do we. The editor’s note did not go far enough. The fugures ('2B per cent for Negro and S for white students! are less than ideal among either group, but the margin is narrowing; and this, in face of the customarily greater eco* nomic difficulties faced by most of the former, seems to indicate » growing determination to acquire the preparation necessary for success ful competition in the integrated life that to day’s youth almost certainly will live through. It is to be hoped that the trend will con tinue. Richard H. Baker of Greensboro, represent ing the North Carolina Council of Churches; the. Rev, Morris Kidder of the Chapel Hill- Carrboro Ministerial Association, and the 200 women of the P's A Congress who came from all sections of the state to lend, moral support to the anti-Pearsall proposal presented by their president. Mrs. John Crawford of Raleigh. Whatever effect their pronouncements may have, on the pre-committed legislators. there is little doubt that the thinking of many thou sand citizens has been turned to more reason able channels. Opponents of both races were accorded free opportunity to voice their criticisms of the Hodges-Pearsall program—even when some of them overran their time allotments—and the lawmakers are to be congratulated for their courtesy and patience. THE CAROLINIAN “But Africa Has Plans Os Her Own” ‘ * , CD. Halliburton’s M'S ‘ SECOND THOUGHTS J§| The consumer boycott is a device of limited effectiveness. This Is especially true when those employing it are not in a position to exercise a very considerable control over the effective deni/and of the com modity or service offered by the person or persons to be boycotted. The unprecedented success so far of the Montgomery bus boycott has attracted much at tention, and ti»e similar re fusal of Negroes to patronize the buses in Tallahassee seems to have been as productive, at. least, as the Montgomery ac tion, since it forced suspension (which may turn out to be temporary' of all the local bus service in that city. But no less: an authority than the Rev. Martin Luther King, one of the principal leaders of the Montgomery’ boycott, recognizes the limita tion of the boycott technique even in the lone field of local public transportation. Speak ing at the Race Relations In stitute at Fisk University re cently, Mr. King and other experts expressed grave doubts CAPITAL CLOSE-IIP By CONSTANCE DANIEL By CONSTANCE DANIEL Crump Front William E. Gerber, former Boss Crump ax-man and Shel by County (Tenn.) prosecuting attorney, imported tty Congres sional segregationists to probe school integration In your Capital, has started has opera tions with a bang. First-off, last week, Gerber nailed for the names and ad dresses of the four thousand District school employees teachers and officers so Shat they could be questioned. Two days later, he announced that the questioning, (which, in fact, had already begun via D, C.’i appointed Commission ers and Education Board mem bers) would be extended to in clude officials of the District PTA (now very successfully in tegrated), other citizens group representatives, and two form er Board members, including Dr. Margaret Just Butcher. Unofficial adviser to Gerber ia a former long-time head of the Citizens Federation, here, (white parallel of the Negro '•Civic'* Federation), a north ern-born segregation leader in the Federal City. Questions Asked Questions asked of Commis sioners and School Board mem bers included the effect of in tegration on the schools, its possible effect on juvenile de linquency, comparative effiency of white and Negro teachers, classroom crowding and pro posed construction. Probe Staff Expanded Gerber’s Davis Committee (probe) staff has been expand ed to include a Florence, S. C. high school teacher, now study ing at the University of Mary land, who was named by Dis trict Committee Chairman John L. McMillan, also of Flor ence. No hearings are to be held before September. The Federation of Civic Associa tions (Negro by exclusion from the other body) will seek to testify. Anti-IntegraUnit Line-Up The anti-Integra,Mon line-up aow appears to be; John L. that a, transportation boycott could be effective in larger southern cities such as Bir mingham or Miami The great er travel distances in these larger cities and the much more formidable problem of organizing and operating ade quate car pools were mention ed as among the factors which would practically rule out. Un kind of results in the bigger cities that were brought about in Montgomery and Tallahas see. Thinking of the boycott and its possible application beyond the narrow limits of transpor tation .facilities in small cities in which the majority of the patronage is Negro, one does not see many possibilities, ex cept in isolated instances in which it may be used against individual businesses depend ing heavily cm Negro patron age, as for example, a neigh--, boriiood store. A more serious limitation on the usefulness of the boycott in general is the risk of repris als in a situation in which the initiators of the boycott are the economic underdogs, ger,- McMillan of S. C„ chairman of the House Committee on the District of Columbia, John Bell Williams of Mississippi, Dis trict Committee member who proposed the school-probing subcommittee, James C, Davis of Georgia, subcommittee chairman, Thomas Abernethy of Mississippi, and Gerber, hired to conduct the probe. One Republican member. Joel Broyhill. of Virginia, signed the Southern manifesto opposing civil rights legislation. On the “Senate side” the District of Columbia. Com mittee Is chaired by the vet eran Matthew M. ((Matt”) Neely of West Virginia, an out spoken friend of civil rights, Senator Joseph Freer of De laware, the only other South erner on that Senate Com mittee, is rated as '-friendly” to CD legislation. No Integra tion Inquisitions are anticipat ed from this source. N. Y. Rep. Hits CR Bill The embattled south rose and cheered on trie Floor of the House, last Thursday when a New' York Republican sponsor of the CR bill offered a motion to strike out the bill’s enacting clause—life-line of ail prof fered legislation. The Congressman, William E Miller of Niaara County. N. Y., who served as an assistant prosecutor at the Nazi war criminals’ trials in Germany, declared that he was acting “in utter sincerity." His switch was promptly parried by Mi nority Leader Joseph Martin, of Massachusetts, who warn ed his Republican colleagues against the consequences of “following Southern Demo cracy into the defeat of the bill,” already weighted down by serious and facetious a inendments—most of them ir relevant. as we went to press, later than usual, it seemed likely that debate in the House would continue into Saturday, with death in the Senate Judiciary Committee, or by filibuster on the Senate YJwar. a foregone eonalairion. eraliy speaking. Obviously it is a game at which the general ly weaker side ran be beaten. These times are peculiarly fitting ones for the Negro to use his really great economic powers in a positive way, as has been pointed out. by George Schuyler and others. This does not imply that this power should not be used nega tively when and where indicat ed, in a punitive way; but: more emphasis can certainly be placed on supporting economic, enterprises owned and opera t-- , ed by Negroes themselves and , those which are fair to Negroes ( in all aspects of their opera- . tion. i Not to be neglected are the ; vast opportunities available for the investment of money which . Negro individuals and organi zations control as capital, in enterprises which, would fur- . rush both profit for their own ers and employment for Ne groes, Too much of the Ne gro’s growing economic poten tial Is not being positively used to his own advantage in a so ciety in which money talks , very loudly. Next Week Carmen Jones (now playing i here.', Ellender and Jazz, and a Convention Look-Ahead. By The Rev, Frank Clarence Lowry . , . For ANP DO YOU BELIEVE? 5. DO YOU BELIEVE that God created man. the trees, bird's, Cowers and bees, inserts and the mighty elephant; and, especially made it possible for man to reach his highest devel opment? 2. DO YOU BELIEVE God scOrmed our places in the earth to give rivers lakes, and seas their required girth, and gave vegetation f> place to spread so that every living creature could be amply fed? 3. DO YOU BELIEVE God hung the earth out in open space, giving it water from flee cy clouds that resemble em broidered lace; also fingered the Sun, Moon and stars by Di vine; arrangement that, both, day and night, man with his sight have perpetual light and con tentment? 4 DO YOU BELIEVE then, that while He did all of this for others, He did it also personally for you, and as your Master promised always to be true and left you a book of rules to guide you safely through? 1). Yes, it is hardly believable what He did place in store to cure all human ills and His riche* explore; then paid the price that all men might live . . . only demanding that to be truly successful, men must learn to freely give. fi. If then you truly believe God is real, and that no one can really succeed who cheat* WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 28. 1956 Gordon Hancock ’s for \NP EDITOR’S NOTH i —Af ter several months of ill ness Mr. Hancock, returns to writing Uis column, which has been a regular AM* feature for 15 years ■ THE OLD SOUTH SECEDES AGAIN The Old South is again in Recession and what will !>■ i'u* end results is not yet clear. We know, however, that dire things are in the offing And nifbo;.,'. u may not be i-nother V»’sr Rebellion, which the South has succeeded in having called a "‘War Between The i-ratcs there is serious trouble ahead. The bitterness so apparent in the current, siauatioo cannot but bring forth serious trouble soon < r or later, some how or oth < r. Nothing could be so unfortu nate as for the Negro to unde. - estimate the travail through which he will be called 10 go. Hut such is the way of those who seek liberty. Thu way i : liberty-love r Sms been a Via Dolorosa Uuo.u:c the centuries and it will not be otherwise for the Negro. The current fight for full ci tizenship must be a fight on ail fronts. Soon the Negro must fight on the political front dur ing the presidential election anti the choice will be s grave one Just whether the Negroes will support parties or men is the question. Too long the Nc-sr-% committed himself to parties and thus supported the Rcpa - been Parly because it was un der Ibis party that, he received his emancipation. And it was right and fitting that he should have been grateful lor the gift of freedom, which was his through the instrumentality of the Republican Party. But long after the Republican Party had lost the spirit of the Emancipation. the Negro slav ishly supported the Republican cause with the emphasis on par ty rather than personality. Then came Franklin Delano Roosevelt who, by his sheer ge nius and vision, wrested the Ne gro from the Republican Party and made him into a thorough going Democrat with all the rights and immunities thereof. By A .1. StGGINS. BRITISH JOt KN VI,IST QUO VADIS?-—A Question Addressed to the American Negro LONDON. Eng. (ANP> One , reads Guannar Myrdal’s “An A mencan Dilemma, ’ "Black. Me tropolis,’' by Horace R. Clayton and St. Clair Drake and seco-res of other books yd articles by ex perts an the American Negro without actually discovering the most important, fact about him. That fact is expressed in my title: “Quo Vadis Whither goest thou? From all "that one raft gather from most books magazines ar ticles and the newspapers, the Negro is going all-out for inte gration. From Ebony I learn that fiO per cent of Afro - Americans have white blood in their veins From writer Faulkner comes the view that within 300 years the Negro race will be absorbed into the white race. That seems to be an end simi lar to that of the leemings. these guinea-pigs like little animals of Scandinavia ’which periodically and for no apparent reason rush into the ocean and perish by mil lions. IS THE AMERICAN NEGRO CONSCIOUSLY RUSHING LEE RINGG-LIKE, TO DESTRUC TION IN AN OCEAN OP WHITE BLOOD OR DOES HE HAVE A PURPOSE AS A NEGRO? That the question I want to see answered. And it seems to me to be an important one not or." for the Afro-American but for Af ricans everywhere. One reads of near-whiles “pas ring"' into white society in South Africa as well as in U.B.A. Is that the aim of every Negro? "Get sev er. shades lighter in seven days”: “straighten your hair in seven days,” and eventually “pass”? Other Editors The Nashville Tennessean WHAT’S WRONG WITH JAZZ Members of the Senate ap propriations committee have carried an apparent distaste for Jazz music and musician too far by proposing a ban or; government sponsorship of any more jazz tours abroad. News accounts of the tom miUe's action say the senators were “alarmed by the impres sion of the United State? con voyed by officially sponsored tours of such performers as Lore's Armstrong. Dizzie Gil lespie and the like.” Yet reports that came back and steals; then you have the combination to God's unfailing safe, and its invaluable contents will bring the coveted relief. 7. Surely you believe that the TELEVISION is real, and that the things you see and bear sic far afield; but do you sense that the elements that comprise br myrterious parts come out of God's air? Why then should there be the slightest doubt in ■■ God docs hear and answer pray (CONTINUED ON PAGE 5 1* so happened that the Negro r-vade as faithful a Democrat as a Republican and since the coming of Roosevelt, he has stood staunchly by the Demo cratic standards with telling re sults. But with a presidential elec tion in the offing, it is a matter of serious concern whether the Negro will support the Denso •. "Htic Party with its seceding Old South; or whether he will rally to the Republican stand ards with Etsonbcwer as its chic (tain. This is a tune of the closest politico' caicoli'tic'n bv the Nc jg-o eiechc-ate and ibc Negio must evaluate th- situation bv pcriv siant it's rafhri than e-- The fun South is again »n «e --cession und a bit ter and nas-v secession it is turning out to b: And the end is nut yet. The Negroes must not lose sigh!, of the fart that a vote fr>, the Democratic Party is a vote for the leadership and domino tutn of Kasilatm and Hairy Byrd, 'who will soon he joined by Herman Talmadge of Geov* £ • These men are committed to the eternalization of the sub jugation of the Negro. They ar-- the Pharoahs who have sworn unto death that they will not let the Negro eu. Who knows but the Republi can Party must be ‘'he o'ap■, upon the house of these modern pharaohs? A vote for the i rt’OCratir Parly is a ■ mr the doiniria tion Os the f;.,stlands, >he Byrds and the I : 1: raid's. A vote for ttm Demo-: .itic Party is a v-o‘e for obstructionism m the Con gress of the United States. In a time of great stress and pith:igency, every issue coniine before our Congress must bn tested in the light of its hear ing on segregation. No issue can be discussed and debated noon its merits alone. Just whether it is to ihe hk ing of the prejudiced Old South's representatives become the main question. It is finally a vote for another secession, which lacks nothing but ». F ' Sumter! Is the Negro ethnic group the Negro race—-important to Ameri can Negroes? And by “American North, South and Central Ameri cans. I know a. little about; Africa Home of rnv knowledge 1 gained through first-hand contacts, sorm by heresay and some by readir : My knowledge is limited, but I probably know more about Af rica. than the majority of Ne groes in North, Central and Soutl America, Africans in Africa are convinc ed they have a destiny. That there is a purpose behind all their ef forts to advance They do not wish to become integrated with white society in the same sense that they desire to lose their col our and natural physical cha racteristics as it seems Afro-A mericans are deliberately trying to do. Africans in Africa are seeking the origins of heir race, and look ins to prove that their origin car. be compared with those of other races Indeed when the original inhabitaots of Britian were pa gans, clad in skins and with little culture, there were tribes in Af fira much more advanced The question now -'is whether Afro-Americans are deliberately planning a leeming-like integra tion through gradual submersion of their race, or do they wish io perpetuate it? Are we to see a Negro couple in U.S.A. hoping their daughte; will have a child by a white mar and that that child will have a child by another while and so cn until every trace of a. black par enlace disappears, or are *'* to see Negroes proud of their race end hoping that their children will stay black and. not tarn whi f .e? This appears to be 9 question that ha* to be answered now. from these tours <