Page 2-C
Million Dollar Study Targets Plant Disease Organism
By Lucy Coalbourn
Dr. Hedwig Hirschmann
Triant aphyllou, professor of
plant pathology at N.C.
State University, has spent
28 years studying a barely
visible, parasitic worm
which attacks plants and
limits food production the
world over.
Her work is basic to
research aimed at control of
plant parasitic nematodes..
She identifies and classifies
the hundreds of kinds of this
plant pest which is probably
responsible for more
damage to economically
important crops than any
other.
Dr. Triantaphyllou’s study
of root-knot and cyst
nematodes provides an
essential part of the foun
dation for State’s in
ternational nematode
research project, a five
year, million dollar project
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sponsored by the Agency for
International Development
(AID).
Her taxonomic work has
been ongoing for years and
is funded principally by the
N.C. Agricultural Ex
periment Station. Her work
and the project mutually
enhance each other in that
they share resources and
provide the means to share
and compare findings.
Identification First
Dr. J.N. Sasser, coor
dinator of the international
nematode project, said,
“The importance of her
work is that identification of
the species we’re working
with is basic to their con
trol.”
The importance of the
nematode problem is
evidenced by the fact that
the sl.l-million grant from
AID is the largest single
grant ever given to a
University for the study of a
single plant disease.
The importance of the
nematode problem is
evidenced hy the fact that
the sl.l-milliom grant from
AID is the largest single
grant ever given to a
University for the study of a
single plant disease.
Dr. Triantaphyllou first
selected the nematode for
study when she was a
university student in Ger
many. Then, she had little
idea of the importance of
potential growth of research
in the field or that it would
take her a continent away to
live and work. In the
meantime she has become a
recognized world authority
on the anatomy and mor
phology (form and struc
ture) of plant parasitic
nematodes.
Some species of
neamatodes, she explained,
occur everywhere in the
soil. Related to the hook
worm, some attack animals
and some are even
beneficial. But the plant
parasitic nematodes are by
far the most significant ones
from an economic point of
view.
These species occur,
worldwide, yet do their
principal damage in tropical
and sub-tropical climates.
With North Carolina’s sub
tropical climate, nematodes
have long been a problem to
farmers in the state.
“My major responsibility
is to clarify the relationship
among the species and
populations of certain plant
parasitic nemadtodes which
mainly include the root-knot
and cyst nematodes,” Dr.
Triantaphyllou says.
Attack Roots
These nematodes attack
the roots of plants and
prevent them from ef
ficiently using moisture and
minerals in the soil,
resulting in reduced crop
yield and poor crop quality.
They may die with the
host plant, but the eggs
remain in the soil waiting to
attack the next crop that is
planted.
The most effective means
of control found so far is that
of crop rotation combined
with soil fumigation and the
use of resistant varieties of
a crop in an infested field.
Different crops appear to be
susceptible to some species
of nematodes and not to
others. That is why it is so
important to know exactly
what species of nematodes
cause which problems.
THE CHOWAN HERALD
New Area Opened,
Modern electron and
scanning miscroscopes have
opened up a whole new area
for us," Dr. Triantaphyllou
says. (Ligit miscroscopes
of earlier years had
magnification power of only
about 1,000 times).
With magnification of up
to 20,000 times on the new
miscroscopes, it has now
become possible to compare
minute differences in
anatomy. As a result, she is'
discovering new species
RARE ‘PORTRAIT Magnified 7,000 times by an
electron microscope at N.C. State University, this “por
trait” of a miscroscopic {riant disease organism the root
knot nematode is used in research on identifying species
of the parasite.
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Centralized breakfast and
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week include:
Friday Juice, sausage
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milk. Tuna salad with let
tuce and sliced tomatoes,
green beans, pears, rolls
and milk.
Monday Apple sauce,
cheese toast and milk.
Cheeseburger with bun,
french fries, ketchup,
mustard, apple pie and
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Tuesday— Juice, cin
namon bun, bacon crisp,
and milk. Pizza, carrot and
celery strips, green beans,
peanut clusters and milk.
that were masquerading
among other species.
Her husband, Dr.
Anastasios C. Train
taphyllou, professor of
genetics, is making a
cytogenetic study of
nematodes in which he
isolates species by the num
ber of their chromosomes.
She then looks for mor
phological differences and
so far has been finding
than. She also verifies these
new species with the fin
dings of other scientists in
Wednesday Juice,
scrambled eggs, buttered
toast and milk. Baked ham,
steamed cabbage, pickled
beats, apple sauce, rolls and
milk.
Thursday Juice,
sausage in a flap jack, syrup
and milk. Sloppy joe with
bun, french fries, tossed
salad, cookies and milk.
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areas, such as the
biochemical and the host
plant differences of the
nematodes.
Once she is certain of a
species and J what
anatomical structures can
be used as the most relatible
means of identification, she
must then write a detailed
scientific description which
other [riant pathologists can
use as a gudeline for
recognizing the species.
This taxonomy serves as a
worldwide index for
scientific research in
nematology.
Dr. Triantaphyllou earned
her Ph.D. at the University
of Erlangen, Germany, in
1951. She came to N.C. State
in 1954. Since that time she
has published in major
scientific journals and has
served on the editorial
board of “Nonatologica, An
International Journal of
Nematological Research,”
and the “Journal of
Nematology.”
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Hwday, September 28, 1978