Thursday. October 21. 1982
Farm
By Dr. J.W. Pou
North Carolina flue
cured tobacco growers can
save millions of dollars next
summer by making their
curing barns more energy
efficient.
This estimate comes from
Tim Donnelly and other
specialist with the North
Carolina Agricultural
Extension Service who have
conducted energy audits of
hundreds of curing barns in
various locations around the
state.
The audits, plus research
by the N.C. Agricultural
Research Service, have
prompted the specialists to
prepare four “Money
Saving Tip 6” for flue - cured
tobacco growers.
The tips are especially
important at this time since
farmers need to do
everything possible to
reduce expenses and to
increase their profit per
pound of leaf.
Donnelly’s first
suggestion for energy ef
ficient curing is to use a wet
bulb thermometer to
determine proper ven
tilation.
Commercial models are
about S3O. Homemade
models cost $8 to $lO. Free
plans for making a wet bulb
thermometer are available
from county extension of
fices.
Donnelly’s second
suggestion is to repair
cracks in barns. “Our audits
have shown that this
practice alone can save SSO
to S6O per bam per year, and
there are over 40,000 bulk
curing barns in the state,”
he said.
Repairing the foundation
seal on updraft barns is very
important, extension
workers say. They describe
black roofing tar as a good
foundation sealant.
Caulking compound is
recommended for other
cracks in the barn. Ad
ditional energy can be saved
by repairing or replacing
worn door gaskets.
As their third suggestion,
Donnelly and his colleagues
urge growers to have their
furnaces checked (by a
service man) for operating
efficiency. -“We’ve found
that a burner operating at
only 90 per cent of optimum
wastes 135 gallons of gas per
year,” he said.
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AWAY MANY YEARS
OF SERVICE
or
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in
WALTER B.
JONES
on NOVEMBER 2
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WALTER B. JONES
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I B
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H November 2
RUM to by Jon—Oongroookwl Cmplgn Commlwo.
H T S- Wyon, Tranourar
Tips - I
As his fourth suggestion,
Donnelly urges farmers to
consider an energy audit. It
is a free service made
possible by a grant from the
energy extension service of
the N.C. Department of
Commerce. All an in
terested farmer has to do is
to contact his county
agricultural extension of
fice.
Audits are conducted by a
team of extension
specialists who visit farms,
analyze tobacco curing
barns, outline specific
energy - saving practices,
and tell a farmer how long it
will take him to recover his
investment in each practice.
“Audits are ideal for
farmers who are con
sidering insulating their
bulk barns,” Donnelly said.
“We found the payback
period for insulation runs
from five to 35 cures.”
Concrete pad insulation
usually pays for itself in one
year (six cures). Spray - on
insulation usually saves from
SIOO to $l3O per barn per
year.
North Carolina farmers
were expected to spend over
SBS million during the
summer and fall of 1982 on
energy to cure their $1
billion plus flue - cured crop.
Most of the money will be
spent on fuel oil and propane
gas for heat and electricity
to operate fans used in the
curing systems.
Zimbabwe (formerly
Rhodesia) is moving ahead
rapidly in efforts to rebuild
its tobacco export trade.
Its leaf exports in 1981 are
estimated at 231 million
pounds valued at the
equivalent of $196 million in
U.S. currency, according to
the U.S. Department of
Agriculture.
In 1982 its exports are
expected to exceed 220
million pounds. Export
earnings from tobacco
likely will be between $238
million and $252 million
(U.S.).
Whatever happens to
prices, tobacco is certain to
be Zimbabwe’s largest
export for the third con
secutive year. One factor
that may help their tobacco
industry is depreciation of
Zimbabwe’s dollar, a move
that makes their tobacco
more competitive in world
markers.
Good water is probably
the most important part of
aquaculture. Without good
water, fish cannot grow and
survive. Although complex,
water quality can be un
derstood with common
sense, a little study and a
monitoring program.
Low oxygen is the main
aquaculture problem. And
light has a profound impact
on water quality and oxygen
content. In open water
systems algae produce
oxygen in the presence of
light. Blooms of green algae
usually are encouraged.
Muddy water hinders this
growth because light
penetration is reduced.
A deep green color
(sometimes brownish)
water is desirable because it
indicates you have a rich
microscopic, single - cell
algae bloom. You want to
avoid long, stringy algae. It
will shade your single - cell
algae.
Rooted plants growing
from the bottom are a real
nuisance. Maintaining an
algae bloom will keep light
from reaching the bottom
and keep rooted plants from
getting a start.
You can easily measure
light penetration. Lower
your hand in the water until
you can not see it anymore.
Note the depth. Light
penetration should be
limited to about 30 cm (12
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inches).
Many factors determine
the amount of dissolved
oxygen in the water. I feel
routine measurememt of
oxygen is necessary in
aquaculture. Never let the
Aquaculture
By
Johnny Foster
IJNC Sea Grant
dissolved oxygen (DO) level
get below 3.0 parts per
million (ppm). Levels at or
above 5.0 ppm promote
better growth. Rainbow
trout require higher levels
of oxygen, about 8 ppm or
higher.
Dissolved oxygen can be
measured with expensive
meters or with chemical test
kits. An interesting old
method of measuring
oxygen levels used different
types of wood. Water
lacking in oxygen will stain
certain woods.
To try the old method, use
red oak, white oak,
American chestnut, Chinese
chestnut, cherry, dogwood,
black locust, redwood or
sycamore. Dried wood
works best. Choose a piece
long enough to drive into the
bottom of the pond at the
pond’s average depth.
Scrape or plane the wood to
remove dirt and stains. Oak
shoe molding is convenient
to use.
Leave the wood in the
water 30 minutes. The wood
will stain when the DO
levels are below 0.2 ppm.
Areas of the wood stained
dark correspond to parts of
the pond that have virtually
no oxygen. If the stained
areas approach the surface,
add water or aerate - an
oxygen depletion is taking
place. The most critical
time to measure oxygen
levels is just bes .e dawn
After daylight, algae will
begin producing more
oxygen through
photosynthesis.
Temperature is another
important characteristic of
water quality. As tem
perature increases, the
amount of oxygen capable of
being dissolved in the water
decreases. This is one
reason rainbow trout do not
live in warm water. They
require more oxygen than
the water can hold.
Fish and shellfish have
the same body tem
peratures as the water
surrounding them. In
warmer water the animal
moves faster, eats more,
requires more oxygen,
grows faster and produces
more waste. Generally
speaking a fish’s
metabolism will double with
each. 10 degree C U 8 degree
Social Security Report
Lee E. Wallio
Field Hepresentative
Albemarle area residents
need to know (he times when
they should contact a Social
Security office.
Knowing when to contact
Social Security is important.
Sometimes, a delay in ap
plying for benefits can mean
a permanent loss of
benefits.
Or, it could mean that
checks may be delayed at a
time when the income is
important.
The first time most people
contact Social Security is
when they want to apply for
a Social Security number.
At that time, a person will
need proof of age, identity,
and citizenship. Other times
when Social Security should
be contacted are: When a
person becomes disabled,
to find out if disability
benefits can be paid. When a
family member dies, to see
The phrase "the fourth estate," referring to journal
ists, was first used by Sir Edmund Burke duiring a
speech made to the British Parliament, as he considered
the various powers that be in the British government.
F) change in temperature.
Os course each “cold
bloded” (poikilo therm ic)
animal has a range of
temperatures at which it
grows best.
Water quality is depen
dent upon a number of
chemical characteristecs.
The degree to which the
water is acidic or basic is
pH. Water must be fairly
close to neutral (pH equals
7) for good growth of
aquatic animals Meters,
test kits or litmus paper can
measure PH.
I still need to describe the
importance of salinity,
ammonia, minerals,
chemicals, gases and
particles to water quality.
I’ll tackle those topics in a
future column.
if survivor benefits can be
paid. Also, when a widow or
widower reaches age 60. At
retirement at age 62 or
later, to appily for
retirement benefits!. Two or
three months before age 65
to arrange for Medicare
health insurance protection,
even if there are nc. plans for
retirement. To get the an
swer to any question about
Social Security.
The staff at the Elizabeth
City Social Security office
will be glad to provide all
the help a person needs with
Social Security.
We have many free
publications which explain
the benefits payable under
Social Security.
The Elizabeth City Social
Security office is located at
111 Jordan Plaza next to
Southgate Mall.
The telephone number is
338 - 2161.
m
\\ HERITAGE / I
l realty \\l
If 482-2645 . \\
106 East King Street
NEW LISTINGS I
BELLA VISTA DRIVE Waterfront brick ranch, 3 I
Bdrms., 2'/ 2 Baths, L.R., D.R , Fam. Room with I
fireplace, screened porch, 1 acre lot, two car garage. 9 B
per cent assumable loan $82,000. I
HOME IN THE COUNTRY On acre of land, large I
L.R., d. rm., kitchen, two bedrooms, central heat and I
air. Workshop, many extras. 8 per cent
assumable $32,000,. I
WATERFRONT S''jA TV* drive, 3 bd., home, I
screen porch, deck, bu.yjYued Lovely yard, sandy I
beach.
HISTORIC DISTRICT j»»f\rmitig Victorian home 1
on quiet street, seven s j'*" - rooms.
FANTASTIC BUY!—Country Club area. Owner I
must sell. 4BR brick ranch. Over 2000 sq. ft. t 2 acre, I
fenced lot. Garage, family room with fireplace, 9‘ 2 per I
cent assumption. Drastically reduced to $59,500. I
CHOWAN BEACH—House on 2 lots. 2 BR, 1 bath, I
screened porch, 1 outbuilding. Priced to sell $18,500. I
HISTORIC DISTRICT—LoveIy 2-story frame house. I
Large country kitchen, family dining room, 3 BR, 2 I
baths, 2 fireplaces $60,000. I
MORGAN PARK Lovely 3BR brick ranch in I
excellent condition, central heat and air, built-in, 9*/ 2 I
per cent assumption $65,000. I
HOME IN THE COUNTRY Lg livingroom, kit- I
chen w-bar, attached den w wood stove, 2 full baths, 2 I
BRs, 2 car garage, large lot, furnished $37,000. I
NEAR TOWN—Attractive brick veneer home on *4 I
acre wooded lot, 3 BR, LR den, dining area, 1‘ 2 baths. I
10 per cent APR owner financing $39,500 I
4 BEDROOM HOME On 2 acre lot. Convenient to I
town, 2 full baths, LR, family room w-woodstove, I
central air and oil furnace, 3 yrs. old, outbuildings 10 I
per cent APR owner financing $42,000. I
BRICK HOME Three BD, 2 baths, large!
livingroom with fireplace, dining room, kitchen. Well|
insulated. Central heat and air. Two car garage and I
workshop. 12 per cent owner financing $49,500.1
SNUG HARBOR Two bedroom frame
house $18,500.1
BRICK RANCH —4 living room, den with |
fireplace, well equ ; cQW-chen, dining room, utility I
room, 2% baths, rec. Som, in - ground swimming
pool 12 per cent owner financing I
CAPE COLONY —3 home, cat in kitchen, 3
living room with fire 'CjO'- on the water. 10
per cent owner finane.,.g $39,000
SMALL HOUSE IN COUNTRY —1 v ear old $14,400
TWO BEDROOM HOME ln town, living room w
fireplace, bath, eat-in kitchen, screened porch, fenced
backyard $32,500.
WATERFRONT Custom built cedar home 3 BR,
baths, recreation room, great room with cathedral
ceiling, 2 car garage, bulkheading with sandy beach on
the Albemarle Sound SBO,OOO.
HISTORIC DISTRICT Spacious story home
with large, beautifully landscaped yard, 6 bedrooms, 2
full baths, 2 half baths, 2 car garage, workshop, guest
house, recreation room, waterview.
APARTMENT HOUSE Good location in town, 5
apartments. 3 lots $40,000.
ALBEMARLE SOUND Beautiiul wooded lots over
one acre in size on the water. Prices starting at an
unbelieveable $?4,ooo.
WATERFRONT —AlbemeVrv ound, charming 2 BD
house, deck, bulkheadin, yJVHent owner finan
cing
10 PERCENT ASSUMAR* E LOAN Payments of
304. per month buy-QQ\,VJ new 3 bedroom home in
the country with % lot. Call for further details.
Low down payment.
INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY Apartment
house with eight apartments. Excellent income in
prime location. 9*4 per cent assumption.
HALF ACRE LOT Just S6O per month buys your
own half acre lot with septic tank, water and elec
tricity, perfect for mobile home. Low down payment.
PRICE REDUCED Log Cabin, beautiful inside
and out. Large fireplace, 2 bedrooms and loft. Main
tenance free, energy efficient $38,000.
ACREAGE Three lovely acres in a choice
location, privacy. 12 per cent owner financing SIO,OOO.
SNUG HARBOR Partially furnished mobile home
on a well landscaped lot. Large workshop, room ad
dition, and deck. 10 per cent owner financing.
WATERFRONT Elegant home in a spectacular
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half baths. Plus 3 bdrm guest house. 1.1 acres with
sandy beach. 12 per cent owner financing.
COMMERCIAL BUILDING On 2.6 acres with 365’
of highway frontage -12 per cent owner finan
cing $65,000.
COMMERCIAL BUILDING Highway frontage on
2.8 acres make an offer.
HISTORIC DlSTßlCT—Charming 4 BD home with 2
full faths, eat-in kitchen, formal dining room, LR, den,
and utility room. Beautiful yard. Price reduced
to $46,000.
CAPE COLONY Charming 2 bedroom home, 1»*
oaths, eat-in kitchen, rm, carport, large
utility rm. Beautiful, setting. Many extra
features
Waterfront Lots Snug Harbor and Arrowhead.
Other Lots and Acreage For Sale.
Page 5-B