News Review of Current Events the World Over Germany*# Financial Plight Worries All Other Nations ? Hearings on Railway Freight Kate Increase Begun. By EDWARD W. PICKARD 117 MILE all -lie * ? world looked on wl?b anxious Interest. Germany was plunged Into h financial crisis that threatened the country with utter economic collapse and made possible even the subversion of the government. Delay In acceptance of the Hoover moratorium by France had resulted in t lie withdrawal of vast sums from the German banks, the conversion of these funds into foreign currency and its removal from the country. The big Darmstaedter und National hank closed Its doors, primarily because of heavy losses sus tained through the failure of Ger many's largest wool-combing concern. It. Hans Luther, president of the Reichsbank, rushed from Berlin to London and theuce to Paris, seeking aid. The French government refused to participate in a loan to the Reichs bank unless Germany would agree to conditions which Berlin regarded as Impossible of acceptance. These in cluded suspension of the po< ket bat tleship building program, abandon ment of the Austro-Gertnan customs onion, further credit restrictions in Germany and relinquishment of any hope of regaining Danzig and the Danzig corridor. President von Hin denburg aud his ministers said they would resign rather than submit to these demands. Luther then flew to Basel and laid the case before the Bank for Inter national Settlements and representa tives of American, British and French banks. Gates \V. McGarrah, American president of the B. I. 8., announced that the directors of that institution had agreed to renew its participation In the rediscount credit of $100,000, 000 accorded to the Itelchshank June 2.r? and due on July 15. This credit wnt advanced Jointly by the Federal Reserve bank of the United States, tike Bank of France, the Bank of Eng land and the world hank. The sum was welcome to Luther but it was only a drop In the bucket which he had to till. George W. McGarrah *?-? Meanwhile the German govern ment ordered all banks closed for two days, shut up the stork exchanges for a week and decreed a two-day moratorium. It thus checked the exodus of capital and the transfer of marks Into foreign currencies or M'urltle* for the Hjn> Luther time being. 1 here was some rioting, but In general the Ger man people exhibited the calmness of despair. The authorities cannot be lieve that America and the other na tions of Europe would permit the In solvency of Germany, and the decree Issued by President von Hlndenburg stressed the fact that the crisis was largely metaphysical and due to lack of public confidence. At the suggestion of the French government, an important conference was held in Paris Saturday and Sun day, the chief participants from other nations being Chancellor Brueningand Foreign Minister Curtius of Germany, Foreign Secretary Henderson of Eng land and Secretary Stimson of the United States. This was a prelim inary to a conference In London called lor July 110 by the British govern ment. To represent the United States at the latter President Hoover desig nated Secretaries Stimson and Mellon. It was understood they would not concern themselves with matters of Kuropeen politics, and Mr. Stimson Already had explained that this gov ernment could not participate in a loan to Germany, that matter resting entirely with the federal reserve and private banks. President Hoover kept In close touch with the German situation ?.?ut It was the official view In Washing ion that Germany must help herself by strong measures and that In the matter of outside assistance Europe must take the lead. Mr. Hoover took the position that in bringing about the moratorium he had done all that tie legitimately and properly could do. France refuses to be abashed by the attacks on her apparent harshness toward Germany. She holds that her demands are folly Justified and that they tend to promote the cause of world disarmament and to ascure se ? urity for Europe In general and France in particular. T NVEST1GATK >N was ordered by Soc *? rotary of Commerce Lamont into charges made by I?r. Kay O. Ilall that lie had heen dismissed from the de partment for protecting against falsi fication of the recently issued report on the "balance of international pay ments." Ilall, who prepared most of of the report, alleged figures were Jug gled and deletions made to suit "politi cal expediency.*' He paid particularly th.*u a comment to t he effect that Im pending tariff legislation possibly was in part responsible for merchandise Imports holding up relatively well dur ing the first half of the fiscal year 1930 had been omitted in the publica tion. The point he had endeavored to bring out and which, he said, was omitted, was that, in anticipation of higher tariff rates later, foreign ship pers had sent greater quantities of goods to this country during the first part of the fiscal year than otherwise would have be? believed In Santiago that he can find the remedy for the precari- [ ous state of Chilean finances. ONE more report from the Wicker Sham commlssiorf- has been made public. It deals with methods of crim inal procedure, and an interesting paragraph denounces as "shocking to one's sense of justice" the laws under which the famous Mooney-RIIIings case was conducted. The commission cites the case arising from the 1910 preparedness day bombing in San Francisco as one in which motions for a new trial "were held inadequate to prevent Injustice." It makes no direct recommendation, however, that the case be reopened. In the body of its report, signed by ten of the eleven members, the com mission concludes that blame should be laid at the door of "Incompetent, or politics-ridden judges" for much of the general complaint against this country's criminal procedure. Monte M. I.emann, New Orleans lawyer who declined to sign the com mission's prohibition report, likewise refused to sign this document. He charges that the report was made without sufficient research to bcck up the conclusions reached. VIRTUALLY t h e father of the army air service. Brig. Gen. Benjamin D. Foulois, will next December, reap the reward of his long and earnest labors. The War department announced his promo tion to succeed Maj. Gen. James E. Fechet as chief of the army . _ , , ? ' Gen. Foulois air corps, effective December 20, when General Fechet*? term expires. Foulois will then become a major general, lie was one of the pioneers In the development of avia tion through association with the Wright brothers. He flew the first airplane and the first dirigible balloon purchased for the army, and In 1910, when the appropriation for the air service was only $150, he contributed $300 from his own pay to make up a deficit. He organized the first flying unit the army ever had. As assistant chief of the corps he supervised the gigantic air maneuvers along the At* lantlc coast last May. ALBERT B. FALL, former secre tary of the Interior, was ordered by the Department of Justice to be committed to the New Mexico peni tentiary to serve out the term to which he was sentenced on his con viction in the Elk Hills bribery case. In order that Fall, because of incipi ent tuberculosis, might serve his term In the Southwest, his sentence of a year in Jail was changed to a year and a day by Justice Jennings Bailey of the District of Colombia Supreme court Uft. nil. Wntva N**iMD?r Unloa.) Across Afghanistan, Motor Car of Trans-Asia Expedition.