Newspapers / The Wilmington Gazette (Wilmington, … / Feb. 4, 1802, edition 1 / Page 2
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' ' ... . . . :' "' .- ...... f Continued, from ihs lafi psge.J l iK Wire cf feveral diftrtft judges v It was clear that the conftitu V.T IUilV'' HMWilUiWM - tttutjon meant to guard the officer, and nor the office. Will it they cannot annihilate to-inSrriv,'. Even as ''to.' the judges of-he Supreme Cour;, had not ths law Rill coriftituted lix, and was tt not now reduced ty law to five ? And. if Congrefs ha power to reduce ihe number of the fupc r tor, have they "not the fame power to icdutc the number, of the inferior jndjjes ? Are ws to be eternally bound by the follies of a law, -jvhich ought never to have peen pafled ? Why the expreluon in - the conftiiuion, " The -judicial power lhall. be . veiled' in luch ii it rior court ntsConsrefs niav , from umi to time, ordain and eftdblilh," if it had been in ended, as is now contended, that the office .. i)iirs once bellowed, no chanre can be made. tt .u. c ,vr,n.f(l , If the cafe of thofe, who have excepted thofe offices, be-confide ;ed as a hard one, may it not be faid that ihey :knw the confti. tution, and the tenuie by which their offices were to beheld. In ur vcgardforjndividual intereO, weought net to lacrifice the , great tntcrefts of our couniry ; and was it-not da dcmotiflrable tha', if at judges were futticient when 1200 fuits cxifted, they were equally, fo tvhen there were notiiarc than 700. The gentleman from Mallachufetts was wrong io ftating that Maryland was ihe only fla e that had repealed a law creating judici ary offices. 'Virginia, if he was not miftufof. nied, had done the" fme thing, liut we want med no 'befe precedent' Our awntchieves" futnilhsd"us with abundant precedents. Vc 'had reduced be judges of the Supreme Court apprehend he will find hiroklf deceived 5 let tne afk fto: fix "Yo five, we had annihiUted two dif. .wlui wouM Ae the eir458 of the old' fyftem here.- .... . . ' r . Caft an eye over the extent of our country, and 1 mo- tnBs. The very ffeut enVn noppoled now torr.1.. a,,,i. ,;;iii.u- ,t,,,t,Him,.;!i. The verv ceiit'em.-n spoofed now 10 1 lie very gt,i cm 1 vuitu j iu the repeal of- this .law had" voted for Ihefe . meafures. -Thus it appeared. Jhat though - '1 a . ii-r i . . r ,ft,.;r nwl ' ' - . it nronio.is it now. . . ... crnatiiimn miinicu -iiic-uicuiaiui muu. Believing the. Judiciary., la of .the 'K ft, felfion hid anfen f.o.n a -difpofuion to pro." v de Kyt He warm fr ends . ot ihe CXll nL dminiflrziion ; believing thst great incon- eniences hid arifen under it; believing its xpence to be oppreffivc; and believing ihar it oncleglP.iture had a riht to; pafsrit,-a - nother !eCillature has ihe fajnc nght tu rrjjeal O . . . . '.. TJ . - .t; he liuUed that baweyer a p-ecedg legiflature might have beengoverned by palhon, toe- ptelcnt lfgillitur: wouia, oj epcaiing if. Dicv; that th'y were 'vernta Qy rclon. ?,! Momsof New.Yofk. Mr. Prcfident I am (0 vrry untortuniie, hat the arguments iofiV Kofike motion have no. confirmed try opinion, th t ihe law ;o, which ir refers ought to bi repealed.-The honoralile mover, hai relied his proporuion on rwo ground 1. ill. That the Jwdiciary law paJLd lall fcf fiou is unnecciraiy, and fiJIy. That we have a right lo repeal it add ouh loexercuc that rigr. Tk.J....;;i f t . ufe of lo prove ibis, is per fetlly novel, and uc nuiu. ...vv ... lliuwu. , Cwimninds mv t'ibufe of admiration. This is the Hrll litre I ever bifd the u ility of cour 1 of judice ctlimatcd by ihe numbtr of fails 'ciiried befo e them,. I have lead that ji cevchrated monarch of li'glarid, the Great. Alffi, had enafled fucb laws, eRaMilhed fuch tKbuuals, and organrfcfuch a fyflcm opolice, ihat a putfe of gold might be hung up on the Vigh way wiihodt any d;n.r of being taken. Had the honorable -getitk;i:j.i k'um.ifUr xifledin thufe Am hi. w..,i'.l DcrUaps have attempted to co'nvi.icc ' oM ; Aurcd, that what conhdeted as ilic!,ry ofhitreigrf was i s gieatefYev il. For by tak- ing iheuuiie ency ofciim as a pi oof tho: tttbuniUwete u'nn cclTary, & thos boldly fub. ilitu;ing clTeft forcaufe, thgenileraan might demonllrate the i-.iuiilily of any inHiiutton by a I'yflem of reafon ng ihe moll fallacious. Bu'.Sir.ifwt'ihihat poor meafive of ability which - . 00 thai gr to c: terro pcrp are my moU of reafoning. but for ihe wonderful difcovery made by ike honor'able wovcr of the lef-jluiion, We have been toll of the great eapence of ihj judicia y that it amounted 10 i7.ooj .1 .r Uviia.1. An j tiut at rbu:mg tne wnoic cx pence of the eilabliUiment 10 lais particular ' iaw.it hat been alfumed in argument that 10 icdca! ihe ! woa dbe to five 111.000 dA it bat pleated God 10 give ui.', I march neafd a vcibal crr.cilmabout ihe words lhall "mpeain not inc inouveroi genuemen wno originatcJ, in a contclt,tor ir.e luprcmc ounJ, which Ihave b;n accwlloined and miy, which appeared ihe more unnecaf- ctcaic m s Qeal ire. In my heart I believe nowcr, between the hrlt andTtconr. in :cmiohd,i Ihuuldlay that inTo far as Hie uY to mr, as tne lame woia, iii, it ip. ".cm tBtjopnga . uut mey tee not 111; Cumrn3n, ; n which, the latter lucceet'- tfour judicial itiUitut.oni pfcvcntcd tlti: pitca 10 com memuers. 1 me lcttioo, tor it vcnc ioiu me oaiet want, 1 , . , ortner (La CfOU) on sua ion of crime', 111 ih at fame degree fiys " .he judicial power, Ac. fhall be veHcd and ought 10 have more slower. ' We ar lold - tlie-IllAud ' but with little of no bloud- hofe iiMitiuttons ulMui. l hn would be one lapemj court ana .lucn interior "cy nc me icg uimaie lourcei irom wnun n . Utt. ' if thr uiher arnh,!P acavl arguments of pinfatton vvhuh (hail not be dimiuilhed during lime when ihe fa'e of America was fufpendd tbr gentleman were erjual y incorretl, bis in- their cnotfnuance in oflice." Therefore, hy a hair ; my life for ii, if another Conven fereuce will bJ en itlcd.i but lit.lc at en. whether the rctna ks be applied to the lenure lion be alfemh'.ed ihey will part wi-houi dbing lion.. , " Of ih! fats, It appears f.on 4 report of :Sj Sit re ary of the Ircafury, that 45,000 dot. Ian 114 for ili; cwo.irgcftt ocpentf a of jarie, win - etfet,' &'.... nich iervcs 10 loe. mcaloe . ..v... f jr- to fh-w that it isefeoetted much bulinefs. vfil V be actually aone. . ine cxpcncc anting unaer mis i it is urepotea to repeat amou thirty thoutand cellars, exclufive of t ibouftnd do! ars eihrnaied for contingent exsenceiuma kins together ac.ooo dullars. But let us n . Hint tJje allowance. ; tnrow in a lewtaouianus more, and,7 let the whole be. dated at 52,000 apportion this furri among the people of the Uni ed Staes according, to the ceBls latej taken and you will find that eaclj individual will pay juft one cent. And'fp.' lhiinflg nifKant"l'avig of a cent a inan, we, are (cajed upon to give up all that is valuahje, iff a Aa'ion. One of the great purpofes of a j ivern'rherit is' to fc cureth people fron foreign invjfioa. V Y be'ready " to repel luch iovafiiri rcq ruet a great revenue tad miiiv oETicen become ueceifir ta collfft it : Such n iovIion, however, my or miy not uke 'pljte. It I judge Irom'certa o document! Ud before u, thofe who admin.fter our ffir hve but .little appxehen- fiun of thn event If then there be little or no fuch din get', or if the people5 be fuftciently TecurecUg;inrt it; wht elfe hiT they a right to ilk for ia return for their money expended ia- thefupport of government? .They have f right to afk lor the protection of theliw in proper cort of judice, to fecurc ike weak agiiuft xhc ftioug, vhe poor agaiufl the rich, the ' oppreffed agair.fl the oppreffar. And ii thii little which tbey sflttobe denie 1 7 Are the mcniby -whi.h the in juied can obtain redrtli, to be cufttiledanddiminifh ed f Much may be fea cd from ' aimie -They may turn their (word againll our bo'omi, they may ele vate a chief to defpottc power. But what danger it to be apprehended (ron m . array of judges. ; Gcntlemeo fay, recur u ths incir.t lyftem Wht ictkat fyftem ? ix judgei of the fuoreme cou.t to ride the circnitsof America twice a veat, & lit twice a year the feat of g vernment. Without enquiring "into the accuracy of a tldtement made by the. gen- tlemin refoelinr the coorii of England in which, I V-K ! y rY V"- " .TZ "Vft T mcat'j confidcration wil Hiewr that the 'firlf mKiu . - rate ia feltfting a ch.rafter for the bench, mulk feek lefute learnin? of a iude thao the agility of poft. y.n rin n hi nM!ih ihn inHi advinccd m vein. - for fuchaTane ciu liive lliernatuntv ot juiigmenttr , fnr the oBice.ihat men ediieitei'ia the ctolet. mn ' -r.... , --, Vfxom their habit, of life tnoft have more ftrcng.1, of wi.d than of body ; it it I fay, poKible, that (uch . men can be running trim one cna ot tne continent to the other ? Or if they could, cm they find time to hear sad de.iJo caufei ? I hvbcen tokl by men of etniuence t-n th: bench, that they could-nut hold thsir officrs uudar the ol arrangement. What the tiefer.r fjuem fTott have added to ' ihe ell judge even autncti, aaa tixteea c.icuitjud. ...... What ui ! he l ie ifFeti Of tht ilcfired reoeil t ...i . ... .ll it not be . dtrlarauon rathe temping jge. ,hlt )heyhoU their offca futfiea to your will and pleafure 1 And wtwt will be iui reuit et this 1 it wilt ve tnat tnectiecx euaoumea py ma couitution v.lfhel for ky the pe ple, and neceilary meveiy con templation ct ciwnion icnic, u ucurcycu. 11 niu been fa i, and liuly too, that governments art, made to provide tgaii.lt the foilict tnd vicei of men. For , to Lpi ef: tlut goernm;ou reu upon reafon, Uji i tiful folccif.n. II mankind ee rcafonable t.ey " would wut no goveinir.ent. Hence ih.ckt are re red in the dnti ibuti o i power among thofe who tie 10 exerc fe it for the bentlt of the people I) d the people of Ameiita veff all power ia the legiflt tJie? No. .Thtv bad veil d the judg-t a check intended to be efficient ; a chec'i ot the firtl necef- "r1 ."'.' .l,un un rnnllilulinoal liwt. a thctk. wblCh micht orevsnl mv Utumi from imimidatm or noihi.aung the tribu Mil of thcajle vet. f On this gro-jnd, faid Mr, Morris; I iTand, 10 art eft the victory meditated over ihs con. ft'.tutiun of ray coun ry ; a victory meditated by thofe who with 10 prollra e thai conflitution fjr ihs furtherance of their own ambitious views, riews. Not of bim who had lecom i.ended ihis ineafurc, nor tf thofe who now utge it for on his uprtehinefs and iheir uprich'.ncfs this for on his uDrtehtnefs and ihetr uDrtch: -I have the failed reliance ; but of thofe in the' back ffround who have further and hifH-r objetls. frhefe troopsNhat proictlihc out works are to be lull, dijmuied. ihole polls hivh prefent the ftrongeft barriers a-c . fi -ft - lo be lake n, and than .he conakutioo becomel an eafy pre. Let us irren.Teccrtdly, conCder whether we hve condiiui'tonally a power 10 repeal this law. (Here M. Moiris quo ed ihe third aft. and krft fethon of ihe conlliutunO I ha-ve a a 1 . tocris i the Congrefs nay from liuie lo liote orJain . ar.d ellaolilh.1' The legiuatuie, ih:re.ue, bad wt hoot doubt Uts right of da e' mining in ihe full inflince, what inferior cour s thould be eflab ilhed ; but when ellib i rt i.L 1 cour t rtou'.d be eflab lihed ; but when c flab lilhed the wordt are imperative, ! part ofibe judicial power lhll yell in ihem And " the 'judges Inill hold iheir olTicel durinff iTd 1 .i...! - tt M -i .1 . e 0 bthiour.,', They Uiall receive com. r.f oRice. or ihe quantjoi of compenfation, ihe tonili luioti iieuuaNy imperative. After this expou ion, gen tcmen are wcUome to any advariac 1.1 U dcrifti lrm he crriiifm on fhall atJ t.iay, ' . , awfthlt 1 r ... r ut ano'her- crniciffn, wlich but fo t's feridus '..'C-ffetls, I vvciiYv call pleafai, has been made j the amount of which H, you fluH not take the mati f om the opice, but you may take the office from tfie man 'j - you lhall not drown htm, but you may: fihk the boat under nini; yo ica 1 not pat nun idiejtn, put ju- - vic: great proyijion ot tne Uonlutu ton, a mayjakc awayJus-Aife. "'The ftonftuufbniaILpiDYiGdn thac exhibited the fubllme Jpeciiele res ro a judgtHriTotfixe r, fly's he (hail hold it, bej .u'd from bim 1 . rt 11 'ityinan not ood ' behaviour ; ithe leeiflature : not. (Jifninifii, though : their bountr may Kicreafe bislalary :'the conftitu'ioii pro x ides pwrfettly for thisanviolability' of his te j, nure. J but y?t we may dtflroy th office which vvR,ca;n.,ot I ike aw ay, as if tBeeflruftion of the 'office woulcl 001 as erTeftualiy depjnve him or it os the grant to another pcrionj- it itad mi'ted that no pbwrs di; ived from the con. ftilu'ion can deprive him of'ih'e offict, and yet ir jj contended tlm by a repeal of the la.w ihar office toay, be dellroycd. Is not ihis.ab ' furd ? lr had been fa d, that whatever one le gillature can do another can undo ; hecaufe no legifla urc can bindvs fucceffor, & theie fore that whatever we make we can dcll'oy. This I deny on i he ground of reafor., a;u' oti that of ihe cbnlli unon. . Whai I can a man defiroy his own children ? Can you annul your own compa&s ? Can you unnihila e ihe national debt ? When yoii have by law thatM; dunnj'g crea ed a poliiical xiflencr, can you by re. Icafk what has happened in your own times, pealing the law dilfolve the corporation you -In 1789, it was no .longer , a doubt with en had made ? When by your laws you-give to ligh'ened Statefmeo, what would behe event an individuaLany right whatever, can you by of the French re'volution, before the, fir ft of a fubfequent law rigl.'ffftTyTuke it away..? January 1790 , the 'only tjueflioo wis, who No. When .you .make ..a compaft you a e -would, become ihe defpot. Tlte wod L)ler. ' bound by it. When you -make a proinife ty, indeed, from that day to this, has been you nv(l perform it. EiUWifh the contrary -foundrd in our ears, but never had any real dotlrine and what followvP ' The whim of exillence ; there is noihine left bui the word. .1 1 it 4nc moment becomes tie law ot tne land ; your .....1. 1 i'j : ... j. ' 1 wun Wl" c 'T n " n wjfiry bonell can wilUly your fbore. WHO WUl trult vou. wnen vun areinphrl! - , , to vtolntcyour wn contraas?-The pofttton .l. i. . -J.it.. e n .'T may r.gnu.y ' fePca' every Unmade by a preceding legtfia- 'nmu uy icoiuu, u .um.uo., hu it is equally on. rue when compared wih the precep s-of the conflituiion ; frw!iatdoes the conllitution fay ? " You flull make no ex pojl I I' i . a -a. Xitlutlaw.' It not ibis an ex Dollfuflo law ? Gart lenjen fay the fy'fleift -of the lift felfion is mere theory. For .a-guroent faks it Ifiill be. granted ;.ard' what then is ther language of rca;on ? Try it( put it to the left of cxperi- ence. -What rclpett can ihe people have for a leg'Qaiuitf thai -wirhout tefioclion meets but to undo thcach of its predecelfo s. .Is it prudent, i it decent, even if the law were unwife, thus to commit our reptCta iun and thtirt? Is it not higMy dangerous to call upon t'te people to decide -which of us ate fool ; for one of us mutt be. And what would be ihe elfccl on she inij. ted man who fceksredrels in a court of juilice and'whom, by 1 his repeal, you lhall havj de- . ! I .1 I.!. ' L 4 . . I J I . prtvea ot ms nc-j. r 01 nave Lived ir.m a ! i mi,lcr0 ccwi na you have. pcUiaps utterly 9 uai. w .But the honotable mover of the refolu ton 'has told us, not only win: is, but what is, to be. He has told us mx only that fails have decreafed but ibat iHey will decreafe, and re- lying on ht preconception, mforn s us that - he internal taxes will be repeaUdj & grounds k expediency of repealing the judiciary lav on ,nc anhihi.afion of thele taxes. Thu a.. kio2 gra cd the ;on.e-ti!lenie ol a lav ha. yet exifb, he infers from its del!rud;on and the conlequeni ceflittoti of fuits under it . we anuumy ui u,e juaiciai eiaDHiniucnt. . And when hchascairieJ his ptefent oiut "ri1 broke down ihe jjJiciary fyflem, he will tell us perhaps that we day as w:ll repeal the ial ics tecaufe we have no judge. 10 -enfoiee ihe colleHioii or ihem. WJI e 'he rlferli cf thefe e- peals, and ol ill ihefedilmiUiois from ollicc r the citizen is to derive Droteflion. Thr i ivviici iiuiii wimii fppole to enforce oar law J0JiP appoified by btatpniaionfy, futpor. ted by i a-.e talary, and looking for pro. "10 ';n to -S aie inlluente, o' dependent upon c. ...... .. nL . t ii..' no.iwn to o ate inlluente, o' dependent upon Suipariy. There are Ame honorable gen tUen now prefent who fat in ihe Cbneh. tion which' formed this coniUimion. I appeal. , , 1 it..i:.L. - to ihcir rccoHedioo, have ihey not feen the any thtrg Neter in ihe fiow of iin; was ,!CfC mtnei.t fo propitiout, as ihat in winch ihr Convention (fembled, . The S'a ei had been loiuinvcd by me!arihlly cptrience, !uu - iuairtpiie :bcv w:t? lo the iinif iu?n . IT L ...l .'-f .1 I .. l. .t .1 - 11 I'M " f ef our jnaUonal concern. The Piicnt of th people were lulled ro ilecp Stijc Dride flaai- bered the Conllitution was p'tomulgated an3 then'it awoke ; and oppoCtion wa frw ntd but it. was vain The people of Ante- riei bound the dates down by the cotnoact. o a reat'Staie bowing before the tribunal of juftice is gone ! Another eat-bulwark is now to be teraoved. You are told. vou mutK look to the States for protection ; your inter nal revenues are to be fwept away ; your folc re.hance muft reft upon 9ommerciaV .duties In this reliance you will be deceived. . But what is to be the effect of all the fe changes r I am afraid to fay I will leave it to iheleel ings and confeience of Gendemeh. But re- wc lhall bo longer be jroverhed bv vo es. "-'."'',- "iwiumv tun jinvi is uiuoivea. Exaihine the annals of hifloryi look into the reco ils bCtime. fee what tas been the ruin of every ie public ? The vile love of pdpu Jari. y . Why are.ve here' ? To fave tlie people from iheirgrcaT' eft enemy ; to'fave fieni from themfslves. Whatcaufcd (he ruin of the republics of Greece and RWe ? Dema gogues, who by flaiteiy gained the aid of the populace to ellablift defpoiifm. But if -you will inut your eyes to the light of hiftory, arid your ears to the voice of experience fee at t 1 . we are now about ro violate (He -Confl . v . 1 ... . .. .. . r c' i " r WI " un.na,, ftn(JS faenbee butone of its pioviftons, at-d we are icons. VV-e rnmmit ih nf Ami. tn .0 - . . v.nv (hemefcyrf4itne-and-ka,nce': I hope the honorable gentlemen frorn Ma ryland will pardon ine, if from the fftion of the Jaw which he has ciud, I deduce an in ference diametrically oppofue 10' that for iv-hicb he 1'as conte ded. fie has told us. that 4 the laft Congrcfs in redurr.g the ,jud- .e of the fuprcme colti fiora fix to five. hav exercifed the right which is now to be ufe4 and made a JegiP.ative conftrnQ on' of this tlaufc in the CianUitution, But Umk.at the law. "It declares', that this reduflion lhall not be mde until by death or refignation only 'five judgrs Oiall remain. Thus in .the very Jnoment. when they exprels the opinion, iha; "I've judges are fuificicnr, ihey . ackruiwledge tIeir incompe enj;y 10 remove 'he fifth-judge, 2nd thereby make the legifiative declaration, bat they had not ire rijuowYconte'iidcd fur. Mr. Morris here noticed rbnje other ie -maiks which had fallea from ihe gentleman .."from Maryland, Mr. Wright, on the contlruc. non ot the Lnlli;u'ion. But as.iheyare fubda.iiia ly comprifed in ihe pieced: ng llaic. inent w: emit tnein.j . ic mncituca uyrecap ioming.ini argu rr.ents. A confatl, faid he, if made bciweci ihe g ivernment and ihe judge The Preli. lent appoin s The legif.aiure fixes Lis faUty I Ic accepts Ihe ontce. Hie contrad i complete. He is then under ihe ptotcc! on ot ihe Conflitution, which neuhcr 'he Piedfirut tier Congiefs can infringe. The contract is a foieinn one. Can you violate i: ? If.vr.i can, you may ihnw this Con'liiutioii' ii.tu tlx -.lames it. is gone, u u dead. ( To be couiinued ) NASSAU, fan. 12. AIV- arc hapiiv to untlcrlUnd. irom laic accounts in .Windward, that the diiliubances at Guadeloupe, have n t been uf fu fcrious a nature, as Ihcy have Lcen rcnrcfcntcJ. It appears to have ..-w l l J r -1 . , ,,lca, , RICHMOND, January 19. The Hcnife nl Delegates, on yeftcnla rcfolvcd, that 11 is not cxpcuciit at pit fent, to ailopt ih? Maryland rcfoltitiorr for amcmlin; the Federal ConU'uution An4 thai the ir.cds tsf choofmg Hcprc fentativts to Concref proofed by h llatc of MarylancTan.l Notth-Caroli'-.a on;htloheadt'pcd, (o far ai it tequi:. th clraioni tu be by ditlf tOat ; buttha it ought i.of ttj be btndirrg on the IU' irt'retain one srns'gemeiit oi difliicli S ftuc 1,1 t';s 7Q3(t'
The Wilmington Gazette (Wilmington, N.C.)
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Feb. 4, 1802, edition 1
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