■ ' S^4-
f* ^ i
ieaclics Tlie Mass
01 Headers
VOLU||£ 18
jpl?rRUtHllNB8i^E^^
EDITION
NO. 4H
7ATURDAY, DEC. Srd, 1938
- --r-L. .
riUCK 8 C*«T*
CONG. MITCHELL LOSES RAILROAD SUIT
«•* ««
WASHINGTON, D, C„ Dec,
LSi^ —In « surprise rul
lins: that spelled finis t« a widct>
I vfticicci tenii^ -dlgCTlinlnation
Lcm«, the iHtewtate C»n(^ei'e«'
I commission iask Friday dismisn-
led the complaint of Congrress
Im a n Arthur W, MitcfaoU.ul
IChicafro’s First district that the
iKock Island Railroad had ifc-
Iquired him to leave a Pullmb't
|sieeping: car In Arkansas aad
travel in a Jim Crow coacby in-
Iferioi' to the Pullman,
T Commission's opiniu/i
|said in part, “It is not for us
enforce the state law. We
(understand that to be a matter
state authorities, But in
Id^iding the case on the facts
Ipresented, we must recognize
Ithat under the state law, defeu
plants must segregate colore i
Imssengers.”
ICommissioi^ers dissenting from
lie majority epinioa . w «.*■, o
llieavs, £astman, Lee Millnr,
Kichison and Porter, Cong.
jtfitchell had charged that on
Ivpril ZQ, 1937, while traveling
I'rom Chicago to Hot Springs,
Ihe conductor on the train re-
■lulred him to c^an&e cars when
I he train reacbed''*'^kansd^.
iock ^ laland oflficals dedared
bat -Mgi^gation of races^ is r6-
LOSES RAILROAD SUIT
LEARNS TO READ
WRITE
Recdmmends $698,333 For hiegro Education ~ /n . A. C.
ICC Rules Against Or. Sliepafll
Cdtnplaints Of
[[Congressman
ARTHUR w. Mitchell
quired by Arten§a^_J»Wj
The case had attracted wiie
attentfon for the important priri
ciples involved as a victory foi
the congressman would h a v e
eventually sounded a d o a t h
knell to discrimination a n i!
Jim Crowism throughout sou*;h
which now flourishes in certAO
states under the prerogative of
“states’ rights,” *"
pauiding Asks
[Aid For Oxford
Orphanage^^:
BY WILUAM TUCK !i5Shes©~-Wttt^l!(^'Ire ?Si6hfin
€^'^,"'SpaiiI3ing prosi ued, “are essential it the child
^nt of the North Carol/:aa Ma | ren are to be so trained so they
will develop in elRcient, self sup
porting citizens after they •P“!aU'
have left the orphanage.”
Mr, Spaulding’s plea for an
awakening to the responsibility^
of caring for these orphans was
state. “As citizens of a progress
ive state we should recognize.
WILLIAM TUCK
SPIRIT OF NORTH
CAROLINA” was the subject
used by Doctor James Edward
Shepard, '^I'resident of Norto
Carolina College, in his addres;i
on the “Wings ■ Over Jordan”
' program over the Columfc^a
I Network Sunday, November 27.
i The thread running through
! Dr. Shepard’s speech was
praise for the state of North
Carolina, which, although not
ideal as far as ^3^ace relaitiuns
are concei^d, dSVs promote u
general spirit of helpf ulnesi.
cooperation and tove.
He urged that the nation as a
whole catch the ^sympathetic,
spirit of helpfulness that .s
North Carolina’s, because “so
long as the abundant life is for
the Negro an unfulfilled . wis’i
tnen so lon^ must tn* Neg.'o
element of tHis great .a^^ericaa-
host lag behind shackled by
racial discrimination, and thus
the pace of the whole host j!
Americans in their onward
march of progress will be re
tared the Negro is an integial
part of American life, and no
program looking toward futuvi
betterment and progress c & n
ignore him«”
As results of the spirit of
good will which ia a e « n iu
North Carolina JDr. Shepard ’ — ' *—
pointed to the establishment of fact that Durham with a Netfto
five state supported institutions population of less than 20,000,
for the education of the Negru | ig the location of the nation s
in fields of higher learning the laiigest ijegro business enter
establishment of the south's prisea,
first insane asylum for N«gro«« i "s’
in the state of North Caroliiui,
the establishment of the firs*,
deaf, dumb, anji._himd institu**T|
•the" inaln^nance of a colored
39 Ghillffen Southern Conference To
In N. Caiolina
BarjCities With Jim Crow
Policy In Future Meetings
QUESTION
Born in slavery amJ denied
the privilege of'attcndaif; Bchool
as a .child, Mrs, Mary Pie^to,)
Rogers has just been taught to
read and write as a pupil in one
of the many adult education
classes' of Ihe Works Progres;:
Administration, Hamilton Coun
ty, Ohio. Mrs. Rogers carries her
84 years lightly. She is still ac
tive in church affairs, plays tne
piano sews and eipbroiders. ^But
she has always been able to do
these things, Now she can read
thW>Bible daily, sign her own
name and Jiatiently put her
thoughts in writing, Mrs. Rogers
Is one some 2,640 students
enrolled In various WPA Aduifc
Educati^ classes in Hamilton
County. Through this program
sponsored by the Ohio Depart
ment of Education, forty two
teachers who might otherwise bo
idle are given employment. Mrs
Rogers now joins nearly 500,00tl
Negro men and women who have
learned to read and write for
the first time since the Federal
Emergency Education progi'am
got under way in 1933.
jial Life Insurance Company, a
^ustee of the Colored .Orphan
je at Oxford l^rth Carolina,
iade a iplea for the orphaha^ro
an address over radio station
fPTF Monday, Novmbar 28.
lldress Mi*. Spaulding gave
lords of commendaticn to thi
liunders the institution as well
I the present administration
liich, like the founders^, meo^s
lliny disappointments and hacd
lips in their attempt to tpkc-
Ire of the many needs jj|f„tbe
Iphajiage,
1i
jlFunds are needed, he said, fov
|e jfe'neral ijiarfttenance of'tte
me; to provide space for more
ildren, and to provide adeqi
equipment for the tra.ia
ioi}I, domestic science dQput
nt, laundry, farm, and voca
nal department.
our duty and gladly share oui
pcCl’t of the responsibility,” he
said.
His closing words were these,
“As Negroes if.'is our duty lo
iocbgnizo our iespon.slbility to
the unfortunate of our grouu
and participate whole ^hpsrtedly
m the s^ewlde campaign for
funds that is now under way,
The responsibility is ours. It
ir ijfl^liope that as Negroes will
recognize this responsibility ar.d
contribute cheerfully and lioer
ally to this cause,”
YU Professor
Speaks At
luest apeaker at the North
Irolina College on WednAada/
ventber 28, was Doctor' Am
ise S, Suhrie, professor of
Ication of Teachers college,
p-k University, Qe was making
first appearance before the
ent -body of the local imtitu
during his interesting and
brmatiTe addrew, D i r « c t ov
Suhrie, who is recognized. as an
authority in the field educati^'n,
stated his own original ^ phiiso
801^ of education, the pJiiNqs
phy which he desires that all
scliools everywhere ^lit intb ac
tion, His philsosohy is “A good
school is^the place where young
people of any age come toget
her to educate themselves with
the help of inspiring teacher^,”
orphanage and the placing of
Negroes on the state staff of
public health. ' The spirit of
t^orth* Carolina was also p^oint
ed to as contributing to the
The desire that North Caro
lina’s spirit become national is
pnrtially--i"*nllTWr~TF"the
fact that the director' and nurm
j tor of the program over wh :cb
Dr, Shepard spoke is a native
j of North Carolina. ‘He is a North
'Carolinian of whom we arc
justly proud,” he Mid,,
BY A. LAURANCE AYDLETt
RALEltiH, 1st—CThirtv-
Nine children under ten yean
of age spent a total of 218 da/s
in 16 county jails in North Caro
lina during the first nine months
of 19?8, W. (T, l5*ell, director of
the division of institutions and
corrections oI the "State Bonrd
of Charities anu I*Jblic Welfare,
announced tfus' week.
.Counties jailing chillren under
ten during \1»e three quarter
year period ^d the nuntber in
carcerated in each county we.e
Buncombe, 8; “Wayne, 4; HutUe^-
ford, 47 Chowan, 3; Cabarrus,
3; Pitt, 3; Edgecombe, 2;- I re
doll, 2; Craven, 2; Sampson, 2;
Greene, ^1; Martin, l; Nash, 1;
Pender, 1; Robeson, 1; . a a d
Wake 1.
Longest st^y for any of the
children was 5o days for a te.i
year old boy, the charge on
w^uch be was beinf R8ld not be
ing given iTT the jailer's reoc.t
to the State Board division.
Two Negro giris of two and
three years ago were held for a
period- of three days with thisi"
mother in one jail before be>i^
sent to the county home, while
two eight year old Negro boy^
were jailed twice in one month
on counts of being “held for in
vestigation” and incarcoratea
for periods of two and six days
arid two and five days each.
. Thirty two of the thirty nine
children were...Negro boys, wl'^
three Negro gllTs and four
white boys making up the e-
maineder of Cn^e list. Thirteen
children were held for larceay,
tlrfee'Tor YssauTt, three f o
breaking and entering, one nine
year old was held for “driving
drunk,” a seven year old child
jailed for “.box car breaking,''
and an eight year old was neld
for “larceny of an autd.”
KPLEASE turn to PAGE »)
BLRMINGHA.M, Ufec, 3rd, (ANP)—Disguated by ofticvaU
who forced Negro and white delegmtas into segregataU sttction*
of the municipal auditorium, the first Southern , Conference on
Human Welfare, formed to sieek a remedy for proatemi piomptinj}
President Roosevelt to designate the South as "the nation's No.
1 economic problem,” closed Wednesday nigiit after aaopting a
resolution refusing henceforth to convene in any ci y that ob«er-
es similar jim crow policies.
RAPHAEL P. POWELL
Author of the new book,
“Human Side of a People,”
published by Phileenon Co, 224
W. 135th Street, New Y o r
City which the author insii^s
settles the quesion of whetbfei
the race should be called “Ne
groes or Colored.” Mr. Powell
was educated in Northeast2v.i
University and the Suffolk Law
School of tHoston. . He worked
on the present volume for 12
years, and it is filled with c.th-
temporary as well as past his
tory of the race. He is now
working on a book on Ethiopia
dealing with Italian aggression
there, afiH' a novel.
Pew Rally Al
The
Church, of
■-^ Declaring that conditions
Negfo sohoola of North Carolini
are “extremely distressing cm!
unhappy,” the commission ap
pointed by tfie'^937 general
sembly of the state to study
educational facilities for Negroes
recommended to Governor Clyde
R- Hoey this week that an ap
propriation of $698,333 a yc".r
be spent for Negro education. ■
The amount recommended is
far in excess of that heretofora
spent for Negro education in
“Education,” he said “should
have as its basis the spirit of
give and take, which is t h %
spirit of democracy and t h e
embodime,nt of the golden rule.
On Wednesday afternoon Dr,
Suhrie had conferencea with
students of the college who had
cuss. At 3 o'clock on the same
afternoon theife was a confcrence
with members of the faculty,
iproblenu Jn the matter of educi
tion, wiibed to d*s
North^fl^Mrolina, and if ipran!-?d
will do much to increase educn-
tionnl oJipSrtunfties for t h e
race,
The commission attributed the
high percentage of crime a n d
delinqUency^mong Negroes to
the “very poor inferior uchoojs”
The 65 page ^report also stated
that the high percentage of
sickness, and various kinds of
physical ailments ware trace
able to Ignorance and common
knowledge of ordinary rules of
health, and poor living condi
tions, All of these conditions
have been lessened whareVer "or
improved ‘ where a liberal educn
ti.onal pro^am has been avail
able for the race, said the re
port.
The program recotnmenaed
by the commission would include
for each year of the next bienn
ium^ 1260,0€|0 towards donsoll-
aating school «|intnta, sites, ,bmd
ings, and equipment; |25,000
for TocatioMl eduea^n; ICS-
333 additional maintenance fo«
colleges J $250,000 fcft- teachers’
salaries; $70i000 for graduate
and professional work; a -B-ft
$55,000 for the support of Jo*n
es teachers.
The consolidation idea would
hfc^p eliminate many of the one,
two and three teacher* schools,
many of which were labelled as
a ‘‘menace to health and 3ang‘j
ous to life and limb,”
The appropriation Would also
provide an increase in pay for
Ne^ teachers, decrea^itag the
differential which now exoits
between while and Negro teach
ers’ salaries,
UNITED ORDER OF TENTS
HOLDS ANNUAL MEET
ROCKY MOUNT, D«e. Ind—
The United Order ef Teutt
held theJr annual meetinf at the
Mount Zion Baptist ihoreh 8a*
jday afternoon, Ber. W. I* Ifa-
son pastor Saint.Jamea
churcb preached the seriBOiit
Gethsemane Baptist
which Rev Jamea E,
sponsorfn^
during the weet of Novembtr
28, a pew rally. The services
have been held nightly and each
night there has been. a special
speaker, a sermon and^ spestal
music by aotAe outstanding
miusical group,
Monday night, Sunday Schcoi
night, th* speaker was Doctot
J, N, Mills; tiie preaching vm.}
by Rev. J% A, Brown and
came from the choirs oi
Mount Vernon and Gesthemanu
Baptist Churches. On Tuesday
(evening the White llose Chib
was in charge and Mr. Boykm.s
was the speaker. Rev. W. M,
Moiyan deUvereB the sermon;
music wac furniShed byt h e
Mission choir.
The young women’s club hatd
charge of the ^|^«g7»m on -Wed,
night and they presented ae
the 'Carolina Times who is also
their speaker L. E. Austin editor
of the CaroUna Times who is also
president of the North Carolina
Intordenominationai Ushers
Aae’n. Rev, BTagon preaciitd
t)»f aemoB on that night.
Tha w»*k of aervleee w i i 1
to aa end with special
Pit 9ani3»if aftem'wu,
4i at * o'clock and
*1 o’clock Mm l^or aid •bewty
be clioie the atter
'ifoim Mrviea whUe the mission
FUASB TURN 1t> t>
The conference, which effeci.
ed a permanent organization,
also adopted other strong reaolu
tiona, among them advocacy of
a federal anti lynching law and
abolition of poll taxes. It
was hailed as one of the most
augnijticaRt meeitng in the ms
tory of the Soutn, bringing to
gether as it did 1,000 white and
colored leaders including college
presidents, social workers, pro
fessors, politicians. Supreme
Court Jiistice Hugo E>lack and
M "r s, . Franklin D_ Rooaevell,
along with sharecroppers, lanor
unionists and ordinary workers,
Go^, Graves “Skecked"
Immediately tftet adoprdfi
of the resolutions. Gov. Bib 4^
Graves of Alabama, who presid
ed at the session on freight
differentials and engaged in de-
biate with Mrs, Roosevelt on, cne
tax, provision at a private
luncheon, expressed himself as
“very much surprised and
shocked” at them.
- Among national prominent
Negro leadera present were
Mrs. Mary McLeod Bethune,
NY A executive; Dr. C.harles S.
Johnson, Fisk university sociolo
gist; President F. D, Patterson
of Tuskegee; President J. E.
Watson of Arkansas State coll
ege; ';Bishop J. A, tBtay of t'‘c
CM'E church; Joseph Evans of
the U, &, DepATtmeut of Agetrtii
ture;. Jesse O. Thomas, regional
Urban league director; B. 1. ,
Harvey, Morehouse college pro
fessor; John P, Davis, secretarr
of the National Negro cong f s.s
Edward Strong, Southern Yout'-i
congress; Mrs, John Hope, widow
of the late president of Atlau'.A
U.; Professor Horace Mann
Bond, Giles and other.
boi confidedi to me for the many
Southerners who stan^ w 1 t L
Jefferson in the be-i*-'* that gfHMt
governments .give fiwt import
ance to promotiag the
and ha;ptnefs 0[ all human
ings by assuring equai ^usl'cit
to ali and spe.-ial priviltgen to
none.”
In the permanunt organizatioi
which plan.*; as annual meet Hut
in the inti-rini wiil maintiii.i
alignments with' other oigaaiut.
tions seeking the common wel
fare. Dr. Frank P. Graham,
president of the University of
North Caroiinaj was n a m
chalHnan, There were 13 viee
each repk^esenting a
Sotithei'n state, an»l two N«« o
vice chairmen at large, M-s,
Bethune and John P. Dairs.i
elected. A group of 100 de'j-
gates was formed to constitute
u council.
Priieticully ever/ session of
the conference contained
ge.stioiiis intended to better the
lot of SoKthern Negroes. THe.'
were proposed by delegates ct
both races.
Edward .Stionjr told a speji«l
yo'ith moelin ; v.i First Metho'Ti>f
church thnt “the hopes and
desire!* of the Xokio young peo
ple of the South are the same
as those of the white y o u n.g
peo]^” and treciared "one ren -
toil the South hari not gone for
ward more rapidly i» because
so much time has been spent in
keeping the Negro down,” At
the same meeting. Mrs, lEethune
urged that whites and Negruc.*
pull the South up to better
standards.
One of “^he resolutions adopt.
ed by a special panel section on
One of the features of t !i i
conference was the awarding of
a medal .to Justice Black as an
exemplar of Jeffersonian idtai
of Southern statesmanship. In
his speech of acceptance, he
said, “May 1 accept it as a sym-
for the .‘five remaining Sco»'ti-
boro boys and pointed out “tae
end of justicc wiil better ser-v«;d
by the release of these prisvu-
.^oners,” ^
I This section in another resj'u
I (PLEASE TURN TO PAGE 8)
Heads Teachers
For Third Tirrie
BY MISS J. N. BONEY
GOLDSBORO, Dee. 2nd—
l*rof, H. V. Brown Princtp^l
of Diillard High School was it.
elected the thi^ time as Pre^:
dent of the South Eastern dis
trict of the State Teac.iei-s
Association under the supec>’Ls
ion of Principal Brown, Go. t't
boro and Wayne County is mah
ing preparafTon for entertainm.?
the State Teachers Aasocia^u n
(parent body) April 6, 7, 8,
(Easter Holidays), The duit*)ct
idea was tk* turatn child of Pro!
Brown who wprked for sev«««i
yasn with oot aaccaea to swl*
the idea to Pwrvat botty Dur
log the incumkiHicy .Bafl' vr
APEX PTA MEET
The PTA of the Apex Gra‘Ui
sciwol held Its monthly meel'n.;
Monday night, November it.
Following a brief business
ion Miss M. E, Harris* teacai..
of the. third graC® to&k ehargj
of the, evening’s program.
Oscar ikcc ‘Edwards' favored
the group with his deep !>as»
voice singing *‘He is Mine.'* H‘>
was accompanied at the piant'
' by Miss Harria, Lk M. H a y e
i Probation ofllear of ftaleigh d-
j iiverad tho main speech uifBi;
• as his topic, “The la^pertance -li'
Keeping Our ChlWren
trjEASi n*N TO pac« •:
The parent body h a a
t
Chi^otte Hawkins ESrowB t k .j j rapid gn»;Ktlr, in meeNM^
dirtrictiag idaa kecsve a realty,) a result of the