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cMuumk Toass pobl^bing oompant
m E. fWMr Sb«et Dwhni. N.
N-7121 or J-78n
THE cT^OLINA times
M. IMl
Entered M aacond elMi m&tter at the Poet Offioa at
Durham, N. C. vnder the Act of ifarth Sni^t 187V.
L. E. ADSTIN,—
WILUAIf A. TUCK..
.-Pabtbher
..ManacinS Editor
C. A. IRVAN. Buaineaa Manager
CHAKLOTTE OFFICE
Eut l^acMMl Street
Eetween The Lines
SUBSCRIPnON RATES:
$2jOO « Year
tl.aS fbr Sis Montlu
THE PLAXFQBII OF . . .
4 THE CAROLINA TIMES
mcunnB;
Equal aalaries for Negro Teachers.
N^rro policemen where N^roes are involved.
Equal educational opportunities.
Negro jurymen. ^ —
" Higher wages for domestic servants.
Full participation of Negroes in all branches of
the National l>efense. ' *
f-
Abolishment of the doublfe-standard wage scale in
industry. '
Greater participation of Negroes in i>dlit^i af
fairs. ,
national governments.
Negro representation in city, county,
Better housing for Negron.
ssssssix^ ■ li-i. -='.-.-=T
atat« and
*■4
iiiduttiy ia el—wliMt in tli»Unita# Statea, fediiay
of these places they aei ^rmans, Italians and even Japanese giv
en advantages that are denied them, bt>t they have faith in
American ideals and pnnciples, and Wlien the great crisis
through whch the nation now faces is over, the Negro will
have no act of disloyalty recorded against him.
Joe Louis is truly a great champion, a real humanitarian
and a gentleman. He is the embodiment of the type of patriot
ism that belong te« hie race. He has challenged the entire United
States navy to be a hard fighter but a clean one.
NO SELL OUT
Assurant of the Ck>mmiittee on Negro Affairs that
irill be no “■ellii^ out" in the effort to secure for Durham'a
Megro vocaticmal school romes at a time when theie ^ nSuch'talk
of ap! asement, or a “pay-off" of sme l8iiui£r ana^her to have
Wegro ieadert hait their fight to obtain such a pioject for their
if onis is obtained .for white people. The promise of the
|rroui>
pommittee k both comforting and encouraging,
Ixrtster the faith of the masses in their'leaders.
and serves to
, As conservative as they are we think Durham is much better
®ff for Negro leaders than most cities, where there is no cen
tral organization, and group action on problems confronting
Ihe race, but persona! settlements which are usuallj’ to the
profit of the settlm. .
We trust there will never come a time in Durham when one
I
man or a s^up of men will not have to -account to the entire
irroup for whatever action they take regarding its welfare.
Wherever such a condition exists there grows up in that
community a deified "H^id Negro” who as the self-appointed or
band-picked leader, proceeds to throttle every, effort of^the
laee to obtain better schools, streets, police protection and
|»dier benefits that a^e necessary for the development of the
face. Such leaders are masters at their gan^e. They intimi-
ISste. they fhiBtrate, they castigate to perpetuate themselves
^nd their white over-lords into power over the Negro masses,
iHio are helpless and in danger as long as they live.
So this assurance of the Committee on Negro Affairs is an
•MBUrance that there hai been no sell out, there will be no sell
out, and the Negro masses ""may Continue to look t6 tine Com-
laittee for Ita gaidanee in all civic matters. More power to the
,SO>nmittee.
There ii something iron^I about Joe liottis donating to
Navy Relief Society the entire amount of his share of the
it reeaf^pia frmtt hi* encounter wtih Buddy Ba^ On January
The navy through the years has consistently refused to
Negroes an even break with others who apply for admit-
It ia a v^l eataUiahed fact that no Negro, if he joins the
®*vy, eah ever hope fo rise above th^ rank of
& ia eoasidered traditioi»l, by thotie who know„ to
tks fiiAftmg part of the navy white and only make a ger-
Wk direction of fitirneds to Negron 1^ making scrub*
mstds and such out ef those who are accepted.^
in
F* F. F. VMrtoa A. F. 0.1
Down Wllb IMlaUuBliiu.
The business like way in which
^Fight For Freedom Inc.” is go
ing about its work of girding this
nation for its imperative respon
sibilities in the international eoier*
gency is heartening. The way that
the America First committee has
dallied with the isdlationisis and
obstructionists has been dieheart-
eninf, if not indeed disgusting.
When this type of obstructionism
broke oat on a few Negroes like
measles dn a schooMioy, the nation
wondered. But to the dredit of the
Negro America First committee be
i^ said, t)ley have lain- loW; and the'
lower the better. T^ere was no
place for isolationism among Ne
groes and that it ever got into oor
ranks was the work of die-hard Re
publicans who wanted a black tail
to fly their kite of isolationism
«and obstrneticpjJjsm a^d obscuran-
' tism. ,
i.. J ■
The Ameriea Firsi coinniitten
has been a diSAil fk1|ifM that
only a few Negroes ftouldf be {ound
to fail along with it has been as
suring. As this eolihnn averrild upi
on scapniog first the roster of the
Negroes of the Amferiea First eoai-
tnittee,' the namea omitted- were
m6re conlpieaous than those in-
cltfdetf^ sfffSf {Bat tifSe'FTntfey
Wilson has had the courage and
foresififh); to pnll Out and denounce
the whole business. This is easily
one of the biggest tilings Finley
#ilso6 Ihis'tevlHr d«ine‘it^Tever will
do. Rts readers!^ nevi^ stood out
Jb bolder relief. Those 3?fw Negroes
eho^were inveigled intdisponsoriag
a jim crow 'se#iien of AmerflS&
First comimttee are to be forgiv
en; for they knew not what they
were doine. Their very silence s
commendabfk and warrants our
just consideration.
Four years ago it was my privi
lege to address the sttident body
of a college for white women. So-
long as I had/Spoken to that body
before, I was asked not to confine
my address to the race question;
hut could take any sub.ipct of na
tional or world wide importance.
I chose as my subject “The Fal
lacy of'•Isolationism.”' I' argued
that isolation on the* part of nation
as on the part of mfen ^as ended
and named three major forces eon-
tributing to its end. These forces
were religion, education and
science. I saw then as f see nfiw
that isolation is impossible if the
human race is to reach its high
destiny, and it must.
Hitlerism is the fight against
cooperation for isolation. He wants
Germany and her destiny iAolated
from other nations of the earth'
It earinot be done and every attempt
{(long this line will ultimately fail
as Hitler is now failing. One of
the curses of race prejodice is its
isolationism. It attempts to isolate
the white and Negro worlds that
live side by Side. One of the cursej
of the dual educational system of
the south ill its isolation of the
STegro group. This is the very rear
son why the America First com
mittee with its isolationism should
be spurned by Negroes for its tacit
eonsept to their subjugation is
posited. This is the very reason
Nep-oes should ally ttiiimselves
with the Fight For Freedom Ihc.
movement.
This column is opposed to every
thing that directly or infflfec^f
hiolates the Negroes from the fu
hr ri^ts and responsibilities of
fered throughout the worl^ A« our
iaimitable Nannie Burroiigha ha*
80 aptly put it, “We want tto be a
part of the things, and not a thing
and economic damnation; the lat
ter points towards our salvation.
When Joe Ix>nis is willing to stage
a championship fight for the bene
fit on the navy he is breaking with
isolationism and indirectly indict
ing the navy and the natimi"for
isolating the Negroes from this
branch of the defense of the Uuiti
ed States. jt
T •
It was illuminating to, read in
the Journal and Q-uide answers to
the query “Should Joe Louis fight
for the navy,” Four said yes and
one said no. The ratio of four to
one for bigness and courage. Joe
Lottis is the champion of the world
and narrowness and meanness and
vindictiveness is nowhere so inap
propriate as in the champion of the
world. The navy is only the navy
of the United States. Men in big
places must be big. Joe is doing
the big thing while the navy has
donb the littK thiig. Long live Joe
Loius. * .
Eloys and Beers
Varents gtnerally ar« very soiyid
thihki^ where their childrea’s wel
fare to coicamed, bat many par-
«t^ have bean mlslefl by the sales-
mw lor tiie fo-catled “moderate”
aleohbUe drhitks.
Cautionii^r parents that “Tbete
two, boys and beers,* do not belofag
toief^er,'* Angelo Patrl wrote r*»
centiy in tMri Chicago Daily Newa:
“. B4ier is not a drink (br
boys iad anybody grown to adult
^ size knowt ^
Beer is an alco
holic drink. CaO
it mild i^ you
wish, it is still an
alcoholic hever>
age, and is no
drink for a boy. If
it were not for Its
power to intend-
caie, men would
not use It How
then can it possi
bly. be a mild
drink for boys?
*'.. . . Boya love speed ... To
use one of these machines a bqy
heeds all he has of clear bratn,
iteady band and clear eye. If he
has one drink of beer he has lost so
much self-control that he would bet*
t«r go to bed instead of sitting h)
the driver’s seat.
“. . . Ati intelligent driver does
not drink on duty. An inteUlge^
boy will not drink at any time be
cause he looks forward to the day
v/hen be will .- . . (be) . the trusted
ripresentative of his family, bis
c6mmunity, or his country.
. . Any bushiess or anybody
using beer to hire boys into serving
their selfish interests, reveals an
idea that is aUiorrent to decent peo
ple.”
“Bseh a Bad Actor"
lia ia proving hitnaeif to be a real prftrfottc Amerfeaa f®P^- has lift«d iti
Wbafs tiie Dttrereoce?
Seer claims it is mild. Wine
elifims it is the drink of moderation,
whisky doesn’t have much to say.
4'sks flie W.C.T.U., is flie dif*
ference?
A bottle of 4^ per c«it beer, an
ordinary glass of wine, and one
ouiice of whisky contain about the
same quantities of alcohol by weight
although the amoimts of li}uid are
different A driver gets the skme
effect froAti bottle, ^ass. or ounce—
and the pedestrian hfe hits will be
Just as dead.
KEaBO LABOR AND TEE WAB
head In our idetfenae efforto
aiM a# atiei&iit has been nnide to
tie men wto control the policy of the navy have
^ #ilF fcfe ininfnlly atung Iqr thia Negro 'bar the N^rrd fdrW the beaefitfc*-
k ^ .uih.
wiBjury a* tlMirkanda. and bboff. LeTthe ii^groea of tiila
nation and the w^dr be wamed-
that if the prgroam of thfc isol»-
f|loi)$a{iF' Otar drauu^ of
. -w. I. th...
\Thfe tfSlrtion forsM uf>oa the
ilefcNisMllMa JiHra ia Europe shotrtd
be a solemn warning to minority
groups everywhere.,With the N?-
gco it should be down with the
A. F. C.Kand np with the F.FiF.
ptcg^ poiota to our aecial
• greataa- evldeiice of patfiotift» ete be
Thia type Americanly Jk
04 atf uaiferatanding of
^^nat them. They know they
or the army. They know
This is a w&r of production and
morale or the will to win. Vietorj'
will come soon or late to the side
which is ^termined to make'the
mbat effective use of the men and
materials at its disposal. The ex-
teut that the Negro worker, the
^N^o-spl8iier, and the Negro , eiti-
ien will lie allowed to participate
in the defense of our nation is not
at all clear,. Howefyer-, about all
that "Negro labor wants, is a chariCe
to prodtice' the ma(ihlneS and th6
materials Which America Will need
io fight oisr^nemies.
^ii'g-eartaility tho^ we' shall
tiave t6 fi^t fon ttis chanee.- And
fn--so doii^-we shall have tO find
answers to twfr qaestions. They
fcre: far shall wi go in press
ing oar demknds for eqtial. econom
ic opportuntty f H we do not givto
up t^e^daoiMUids f Mr the duta^ft,
thenH^njw p||^'th*y. be Jfres’enled
diar^itag' pirodwlfiob | or
i^k^ning the morale'of the Negro
worker T
Trti WAVE WILL RISE
, • VI * ..'Afaw
n:-'
I MATERIALS and DEFENSE
^ 4j*r
Never before has the health and I and funds.
well__beiqf of United States citi- ( Often, it has been necessary to
norotby Thompson proposes stu
dent corps'to work on fa^s.
sens been as important to the
country’s welfare as in the present
emergwicy.,
'luring the six years of the Farm
fil^urity Administratidn's rehabili
tation program in North Carolina,
its efforts have been directed to-
word improving the health of low
incdine farm families, and raising
their productive eapacity and their
standards of living; this is an im
portant) part of the National De
fense Program.
Since the beginning of the pro
gram, FSA has assisted in various
ways some ^,000 families in North
Carolina, of which 1318 have pur
chased farms under the terms of
the Bankhead-Jones Tenant Pur
chase program, which began in
1937 and which is administered by
FSA. The rest are borrowers in the
rural rehabilitation program-
There are at present 16,890 of
the latter Borrowers in North Car
olina, families the PSA is helping
by loans and supervised plans of
well-diversified farming, subsist-
anceance gardening, and iniprovcv^
conservation practices.
The question of how the pro
gram is working out, and of the
progress such borrower families
are making in -North Carolina
answered in the results of a survoy,
of rehabilitation cases made at the
end of-the 1940 crop year.
The results showed that those
borrowers already have repaid $5,-
684,.974 into the Federal Treasuiv
as installments .on loans totaling
$12,468,600. Since much of the
money loaned does not fall due for
four or five year?, there is every
reason to expect that the majoritv
of it will be repaid. Borrowers in
Alamance County have repaid $56,-
832 on loans totaling $99,688.
North Carolina has 1977 “frrad-
uate” families, who have paid up
their loans. They have paid in full
.and presnmbnly ar^.now on their
feet.
Rehabilitation loans are made
only to those families who cannot
get adcfquate credit elsewhere. This
makes the record of collections
particularly significant, because,
according to normal business stan
dards, the FSA loans would not oe
looked upon as sound commerciHl
loans.
The rehabilitation program is
sacceeding largely because every
loan is accompanied by advice and
guidance in sound farming meth
ods. This guidance and training, of
coarse, is the most important part
of the' program. Without it, few
of the families would be able to
make na,itch progress or to repay
their lo^ns. * '
■ In making the survey, it was
found there are about 35,000 farm
families in North Carolina eligible
and in need of rehabilitation lians,
but have' h^n unable to get thcM
^because- o£ limited FSA p^sonnel
work out an adjustment of the
families ’ old debts, before rehab
ilitation could be successful. Local
Farm Debt Adjustment serviees
have been provided for this pur
pose. The committees set up by the
FSA for such adjustments bave no
legal authority to eompe! adjust
ments, but by bringing the farmer
and his creditors together for a
friendly discussion it is usually
possible to arrange a Scale-down
of the obligations, reduced interest
rates, or extension of the f«yment
period. Such adjustments frequent
ly save the_^ farmer from foreclos
ure, and at the same time enable
the creditors to get substantial
poyments on what otherwist might
have been bad debts.
The committees are made up of
neighbors—^farmers, doctors, law
yers, and business men—who are
known for their fairness and good
judgement. This service is avail
able to all farmers, whether or not
they are participating in the FSA
program-
Altogether, debt reductions to
taling $1,051,286 have been nego
tiated for 3089 North Carolina
farmers. This represents a scale-
down of 19.6 per cent, or a reduc
tion of from .^3,854,965 to $4,303,-
6?9. As a direct result, $107,776 in'
back taxes has been paid to the
State and local governments.
In Alamance County, reductions
totaling $43,490 have been made
for 77 farm families. This is d
scale-down from $161,'530 to; $118,-
040 or 37 per cent. As a result, lo
cal taxes totaling $3,701.00 hav3
been paid.
In helping rehabilitation bor
rowers plan their farm operations,
FSA urges that they get away
from one-crop fanning, and rai^e’
as much as possible of their fOod
and feed supply. The progress hey
are- making is indicated by the fact
those in North Carolina produced
an average of $425 worth of prod
ucts for home consumption in 1940,
as compared with $310 worth in
the year before coming iftto FSA
program.
These families canned an aver-
Rg(> of ;^48 quarts of fruits aftd
vegetables in 1940; produced 436
creased from 76,524 pounds in 1939
to 762,012 in 1940. BoHva jumped
from 96,164 pouftds to 1,208,'595.
Chile exporte dtungSteri to the
United States for the first time.
Impdrts from every South Ameri
can.country produciilg tungsten in
creased sharply.
It is possible that increased pro-
ductiori in this countrj^ and re
ceipts from Latin America majj
take "ca're of oar fnOst pressing
1942 requirement*. In the mean
time, Government agencies are en
gaged in building a reserve supply
as the requirements of industr.y
permit.
The estimated 1941 supply—do
mestic production plus imports—
will meet demands for the year on
the nose. Requirements are ex
pected to rise at least 2,000 tOnS in
1942 and an abrupt further in-
oreade is far from improbable.
As 99 percent of the tungsten is
use din the manufacture of alloy
steels and for high-speed cutting
tools,, its importance in defense
production cannot be overestimat
ed.
It has the highest melting point
of any of the metals and pr6drices
a ci;itting tool that has the sturdi
ness to stand up under modern
production methods.
Tuogiten Alloys Vital
Kapid mass production of tariff
and airplanes depends upon tools
that can take it. Without tung
sten-steel alloys, production Would
be slower and less efficient.
Tungsten . alloys are used, for,
ri^ilway rails, cold chisels, hack
saws, watch springs,, valves, armor
plate, and in the cores of armor-
piercing bullets. Tungsten also is
used for the filament of electric
light bulbs and radio tubes.. tVhiliJ
this use is of vital importance, the
metal is drawn into a wire so fine
that all the bulbs- and tubes in the
world use only a small fraction of
the supply.
With a possible tungsten cmer,
gency in the offing, measures to
conserve it have been taken by the
Officp of Production Management.
On March 26, 1941, the metal
was placed under a general priori
ties order, requiring that informa
tion o nstocks, orders^ and deliv-er-
ies be furnished the Priorities Di
vision.
On June 11, further action was
taken to conserve tungsten supplies
by requiring the use of its first
cousin, molybdenum, wherever po"!-
sible. In many instances it is pos-
ible to substitutie molybdenum
steel for tuilgsten steel without de
creasing effifciency to any appreci
able degree. *
Tungsten’s name implies it is a
heavy metal as well ag a tough ono.
It is taken from the Swedish and
means (tung) heavy (sten) stone.
Some of the valuable properties ot.
this “heavy stone” have not been
recognized for very long. Most ot
its present-day uses are relatively
modern.
In 1781, K- W. Scheele learned
a great deal about tungsten and its
qualities. His name is perpetuated
in scheelite, the name of one df th“
principal mineral sources of tung
sten- Wolframite is the other prin
cipal ore. The United States pro
duces principally scheelite ore
while most of that which comeA
from other oountries is wolframite,
n While Unitiid States tungsten
experts are not' exceptionally wor
ried about supplies of the mieal',
4;hey are disturbed ov^ th peossi-
jl^e^fftilaire of Chinese shipments.
' That's the reason they are limit
ing its Hie to essentials, using sub
stitutes wherever possiblf and en
couraging the development of all
possible domestic sources.
They hope supplies can continue
tQ come out of' China ^ over. the
Burma Bload; they believe fa^qfor
amoBBta of ore ean be obtafted
from Latin America; and th^ aiai
■ee increased supplies in the Unit
ed States itself.
But tungilten ii vital if weaponft
are to continue to pour fourth
from tiie Arsenal of Demoeraay
and defense oflieiala are determin
ed that hothlag shall interefer
with that fiow. ,%l V V
Oty Sieker
The city slicker of American folk
lore agatn hs« hit eyta oA 1h«
pretty milkmaid. *
In o(b«r words, the ttpidt Industry
is out to woo the poptdafioA tt the
small city and farm.
In mid-1039 the dhrector of public
relations of the National DistUlera
told ttiy liquor industry;
“Instead ot dumping mere hua*
dreds of thousands ot dollars into
Ibe coffers ef big-town newspapers,'
i have advocated tor two years and
will eontfame to advocate the diver-
lilon ot distiller advertising to the
smaller towns^ even the c^ty
seats.”
it)* reason for such attempts to
mislead the small city and rural
population is easy to find, llie liquor
industry fears the reaction ot the
intelligent. Individualistic, think^g
ruril resident to the social e^s
which have fblloved repeaL The in
dustry will spend nni^money to
try to woo publia o{r^(^ in the
smaU cities and on the famia» long
^e ' eentov at temperance sentl-'
meat
Despite this campMgo, 90 per cent
of more dtan 10,000 j#etfcly news
papers SUB refuse to accept adver
tisements Ct distilled spirits; SO per
cent (on* per cent more than in
AfeS) refuse even to accept beer ad*
vertislni. '
A lam» number ot metropolitan
Newspapers and periodicals also re
fuse such aivertlslng. Hie Ladles’I
Home Journal fhakei a ’ deDnlte,
tdrthrlght statemenlf m reiiiaal to
advertfse liquor. Its edttora say
that Ha readers and its advertisers
ate die guests ot the ma|Vizine but
that there are some paybia guests H
does net welcome, such ks those Who
influence oQittt to their own detrt--
ment . j
Sfeatal Caaea laorease.
The first' six years ot repeal
showed a 51^8 per cent, increase hi
new cases due to' alcoho^c intem
perance at ll^Qis mental hos^^ltals,
as comparee with the pe-
ridd. • .
The ttitvtf covered the IMS to
19S9 y^rsi 192S being the earliest
year ts^bulated- by the Department
of PubUfr Welfare.
The toial for ^ sht years, 1023
to 1928, a^as 8|Ul as against i,Ki
te# fte il^t a# yisrs'of re^al.
The taVulatibn showed a steady in-
create (only lOSS i tempo
rary drop) beginning in 1^ of
‘‘first ad^taions due to intemper-
an^e.’*
In thA last year tabulated, ISBS,
it way showd that A p» cent of
all first adrhissloni td hlihofi (neh-
tal hospital! wieit patients described
as “iAteihf^erati," tm largest per
centage' offlchOly reported in the 16-
year period. ,
(apmMkred bjr W. C. T. U.»
JOBlqr t, LEWIS ms
THE uiiftolf ABQ^
DespSte Cong. Mitchell to the
eontrary, J6hn L. Lewis and the
United Min« WoirSfers uni«i hav>
finally wm the unlori shoj> in tha
captive coal mines. Negro miners,
had tAey follbwed thfe prejudice-
inciting advice of “wrong-way"
Cong. Mitchell, would horw be beg
ging for admisfiictt to fhe union to
hold their jobs or wduld bri packing*
up their bcfldlij^lngs to"^ AiOVe out tiff
the industry Entirely.
A large number of so-called Ne
gro* leaders around Detroit made
indentioally the same mistake as
Mitchell, in an attempt to drive a
wedge between white and Negro
workers at the Ford Motor Co.,
during the strike last sprihg. Ford
showed how blind and foolish are
such efforts when he signed a clos
ed shop, check-off agreement witA
CIO. After the signing of thiD
agreement, Negro workers would
have been most embarrassed had
they followed the union busting
advice of most of their leaders iti
the area.
One wonder* If our leaders even
read the he^dli^es of the daily
press. If they do, it certainly is
taking them a long thne to grasp
even a rudimentary understanding;
of the deep soefal, pielitical and
economic forces which shape the
lives' of Negro workers.
HHE. WORLD
IN BRIEF
Navy second to. non^ in world,
Knox says in annual report.
8PAB rules that fcll new power
lines must bbw to emergency.
United States signs lease-land
agreement^ w^th Bolivia.
Admiral Byrd makes plea for
fairne^ in yj^oyil^t. . ,
• 4 I r.i