BANS SEGREGATED BUSES
Ushers Launch Investigation Into State Hospital For Insane
Discrimination In
Interstate Travel
Voided By Court
♦
Lib
Entered m Hecond Claaa Matter «t tita Poet Office «t DarbAm, North CetoUna, under Act of March 3, ^870.
FOR 25 YEARS THE OUTSTANDING NEiR0 WEEKLY OF THE CAROLINAS
VOLUME 27—NUMBER 49
DUrfkAM, N. C-, SATURDAY, OCT. 10th, 1949'
PRICE; TEN CEKTS
N.C. Joins Fight To
Upliold J. C. School
Will Aid Texas In
Opposing Negro’s
Entrance To Univ.
Willie Hilliard whose big feet C«rolioa fro taking five bags of
let him down when he attempted I pecans. He was spotted in the
to escape the toils of the law by Raleigh bus station attired as
disguising himself as a woman, above. — Photo, Courtesy News
Hilliard is wanted in South I and Observer.
Head Of Goldsboro
Institution Asked
For Information
'I'fte North (Carolina Interile-
nominiitiojiul I'sliers As.sociatioii
this week luiinched a fiill-a;ale
^nvestipation into the State Hots-
pitals System.
L. E. Austin, publisher of the
CAIIOLINA TIMES, who is
president of tJie usher’s state
association said here Wednesday
he stai-ted the investigation with
u nine-point questionnaire which
he ^sent to Dr. David Young,
iStute Superintendent of Mental
Ilygiejie, and Dr. Henry Line-
berger, Cliairman _pf the State
Hospitals Board.
'Ir. Austin’s letter to Dr.
Liiieberger referred specifically
to conditions at the State Hos
pital for the Negro Insane at
Goldsboro. Within the past sev
eral months a wave of violence
allegedly attributable to “snake
pit” conditions has resulted in
the death of several inmates and
.serioiui injury to other inmates
and attendants.
(Jiting fill! niost recent cas(^ of
violence in which two inmates
in the (criminally insane wiird
sought nnsucces.srully to i>«cape,
Mr. Austin said press associa
tion reporters quoted tlie men,
Albert Hill and Willie Black,
as blaming tlieir escape try m
“inadequate f(MMl and improper
medical care.”
In his letter to the chairman
of the State Hospitals Board,
Mr, Au.stin wr.ote; “If is our
understanding that facilities at
Gold.sboro its well as at the other
mental instifntions throughout
the State are being expanded,
at\d we should like to know wbe-
ther the improvemenls ntw in
process at flold.shoro are design
ed to nreet fully the alleged in
adequacies cited by Hill and
Black.”
Tt is understood that the
ushers’ president went to review
previous records of violence at
Goldsboro. A Durham Negro
school principal died in Golds
boro late last Spring after he
had gone beserii and killed his
young son. There v^as consider
able talk of negligence on the
part of hospital autliorities at
the time, but officials at the in
stitution said the man took his
life at an early hour shortly af-
(Please turn to Page Eight)
RALEIGH
North Carolina officialdom
bombed Southern race relations
here December 7 when Attorney
General Harry McMillan an-
nounct'd that his office would
cooperate with Texas Attorney
(Jeneral Prince Daniel and other
Southcruers in an effort to halt
the trend toward integration of
Negroes into graduate and pro
fessional schools in the South.
McMullan’s actions came at a
time when the Federal (loiuicil
of Churches in America meeting
in Atlanta, (ia., acted to pledge
r(‘iiewcd support (if II. M.
Sweatt'of Texa.s to enter the 1’-
)iiversity of Texas taw scho()l^
It is apparent from McMul
lan’s ileci.sion to file a brief in
the Sweatt case which will be
heard by the Supreme Court on
•January 15 that h*^ tKH follow
Texas’ example in trying to
ward off the attempts of Harold
T. Epps and Itobert B. Glass to
enter the law school at the Uni
versity of North Caroliim.
The overall implications of
McMullan’s actions, however are
far-reaching. (1) They reveal
openly for the first time that)
North Carolina openly will act
with Dixiecratic States in pre
serving racial segregation. (2)
They belie the notion of some
Negroes and many whites that
the “great liberal State of North
Carolina will lead the South in
a moral regeneration which will
usher in the brotherhood of man
b^re and jiow.’ ’ (3) They serve
notice that,, openly or surrepti
tiously, strong reactionary forces
of many years standing in this
State still control the policy-
shaping decisions at the highesti
(Please turn to Page Bight)
FHA To Ban Aid
To Segregated
Housing
NEW YORK
iVmcndent of the rules of the
Federal Housing Administraticm
to ban future government aid to
the fiimncing of dwellings the
occupancy or ii.se of which is re-
tricted by race, creed or color,
was annoiUK'cd here today by
Solieitor General Philip B.
Perlman at the conference of the
New Vork State Committee on
Discrimination in Housing.
This announcement, Mr. Pirl-
niiin ,'saii^, was authorized by
President Truman, Home Fin-
jgnce Administra^ Raymon M.
' J'oley and Attortiey General J.
Howard McGrath. It came ten
months after the National Asso
ciation for the Advancement of
Colored People submitted a
lengthy documented memoran
dum to the President, urging
speedy executive action to end
federal support of racial restric
tions in housing.
Under the new amendments to
be issued by I^HA, the solicitor
general as.serted, “lu) property
will be eligible for FHA mor
tgage insuraaice if, after a date
to be specified in the amend
ments and before the FHA in
sured mortgage is recorded,
there has been recorded a coven
ant racially restricting the use
or occupancy of the property.”
This decision, he said, had
been “reached after consulta
tions held at the White House
(Please turn to Page Eight)
Speak Here Sunday
7
CINCINNATI
Regulations by biw lines and
other public carriera requiring
segregation jf pa.ssengers in in
terstate travel were invalidated
by u decision handed down thl-i
Week by the United States Court
of Appeals -.ittiiig here.
The eourt’deeision, ba-vd on
the Suprejue C^furt ruling iu the
Morgan ease, held that the re
gulation of the Southern Bus
Lines separating pa-ssengers ac
cording to race placed an un
due bnrden upon interstate com
merce.
“The requirement that she
(Miss Elizabeth Whiteside, the
complainant change her .seat
with all her accompanying im
pedimenta the moment she
cros.sed the Kentucky line, was,”
the court found, “a breach of
I that uniformity which, onder
th*> Morgan eajje, is a tiwt of
the burden placed open int«r-
,tat- comm^n-e ”
The  a.s»* wan carried to court
by lawyers for the National
s«i iation fur the Advaneeaxeot
of Colured people, following the
fon ibie ^j»*»?ti*in of Miaa W^t*-
lide from a bus en route from
Sf I^juis to Paducah, Ky., on
May 6, 1946 After the Federal
District Court in Padueah held
The* bus regulation reasonabie,
NAACP Attorneys Robert L.
Carter of New York, Martin A.
Martin of Richmond, and Joseph
Frpeland of Paducah carried the
»ase to the^ CV>urt of Appeaia,
where it wa.s argued before
Judge Hick.s. Simons and itc-
AlUster on nctober 1^. 1949.
UNC Professor
Deplores South’s
Fight On Democracy
Big Feet FMl Man’s Effort
To Disguise As Woman
RALEIGH
Willie Hilliard’s big feet let,
him down here Tuesday when
he attempted to escape the law
disgui.sc(l as a woman.
Hilliard was spotted at the
bus station by police who might)
not have detected that he was a
man attired iu the clothes of a
woman had it not been for his
big fe»‘t and the men’s shoes he
wore.
Hilliard is want*d in Orange-
hurg, South (!arolina for taking
live bags of pecans, he told
police.
When Hilliard was first ar
rested and hand-euffed at the
bus station he Avas placed iji a
police ear for his ride to head
quarters, but ran when Officer
John R. Smith’s foot slipped
and he nearly fell jus Hilliard
was following him. Hilliard
sped east dow'ii Davie Street,
handcuffs and all.
He showed up tigain at the
police station, minus the hand
cuffs and attired as a woman
plus the cosmeticis, plus the big
feet.
Hilliard told officers that the
handcuffs were taken off him
when he told someone that his
girl-friend put them on him
while playing with him.
Judge Frees Man
For Shooting Police
Without Warrant
KINSTON
Judge W. P. Horton, presid
ing over the Lenoir Superior
("ourt, allowed a motion of non
suit here last week in the case
involving the shooting of a police
officer by a Negro last Christmas
eve.
Dewey Merritt, the officer,
was seriously wounded at the
time of the shooting and aJ‘os^
from his hospital bed to testify
against the Negro, Wooilrow
Gooding, who is alleged to have
fired the bullet.
Charged with aiding juid abet
ting in the assault were John
Taylor and his wife Mrs. Eunice
Tayolr. Both were freed along
with Merritt on the non-suit
motion.
Appearing for the defense
were Attorneys McKinley Bat
tle, Negro, and John G. Dawson,
white, both of Kinston. Attorney
Battle made the motion for non
suit.
The State presented a string
of witnesses Monday afternoon
and Tuesday morning in build
ing its ca.se against the three
Negroes with evidence that tend
ed to show that Merritt and
Bates, went to Gooding’s home
here on Christmas eve night to
arrest Gooding on a warrant
charging him with a razor as
sault on Ijewis Cannon, Kin
ston Negro. Caiuion accompanied
the officers to the Gootling home.
On reaching t^ie house, they
were met at the door by Mrs.
Eunice Taylor, and told that
Gooding was not there. They
sought and were granted per-
(Please turn to Page Eight)
John Wesley Dobbs, Grand
Ma.ster of the Masons for the
State of (leorgia, will be present
ed here in a i)ublic meeting Dec-
eember lltli, an oflicial of the
I'l'ince Hall Free and Accepted
Masons of Durham aninitineed.
The I’riuce Hall .Masons of this
city ftre composed ofiwo lodges;
Dori*^\u. 28 and Dorcas No. 460.
Ac jtii the announce
ment, Mr. Dobbs, who is also
president of the Georgia Civic
and Political I^eague, will be in
troduced by the Hev. G. D.
Carne.s, Grand Master of the
North (’arolina Jurisdiction.
The prognun, which is sched
uled t(j be held in the First Cal
vary Baptist Church, will begin
at 3:30 o’clock and is opened to
the public. All masons an* re-
questeil to dr(>ss as Master Ma.s-
ons.
John Morgan, Woi’shipfui
Ma.ster of Doreis l»dge No. 28,
will i)reside. Others-participat
ing on the program will include
the male chorus of the host
church, C- W. f^iwrence. Grand
Secretary of the North Carolina
jurisdiction, and the Rev. H. H.
Hart, pastor of the First Cal-
varj' Baptist Church.
The complete program is as
follows: Invocation, Rev. J. H,
Peppers; Selection -— Male
Chorus; Scripture — C. W. Ijhw-
rence; Intrwluction of Speaker
— G. D. Carnes; Address — J.
W. Dobbs; Offering, Selection
— Male Chorus; Benediction—
Rev. H. H. Halt.
FAO Rejects Site
At Maryland After
Group Protests Bias
* WASHINGTON
Following heated debate
prompted by an NAACP wire
charging the University of
Mary'land with racial discrimin
ation, the United Nations Food
and Agriculture Organization
voted this week by a count of
30 to 28 to choose for the organ
ization’s permanent headquar
ters and Italian site rather than
one in the United States.
l.^st week Roy Wilkins, act
ing secretary of the National
Association for the Advance
ment (if Colored People,* wired
th(; ainbas-sadors and ministers
of 13 countries participating
in the FAO (’onference, calling
their attention to the exclusion
of Negrot's from classes and
cam])us facilities at the Univer
sity of Maryland. Acceptance of
the university’s offer of a per
manent FAO site, Mr. Wilkins
asserted, “wouliL repudiate the
high principles on which the
United Nations,'is fmuided.”
Elks To Observe
Memorial Day
Sunday
The Bull City Elk Ijodge No.
317 will render its Aiinual
Memorial Day exercise Sunday,
December 11 at 3:30.o’clock at
Saint Paul Baptist Church on
Juniper Street.
The public is cordially invited
to attend. Rev. Miles Mark Fish
er will be the principal speaker.
E. J. McCoy is Exalted Ituler
and J. T. Hawkins is Secretary.
Marshall, Mayes
Speak At Hunter
College
NEW YORK
“We stand before the world
as a model for all that individual
freedom really means. We must
be careful to remove the motes
from our own eyes as we seek to
clear the eyes of the world,”
General of the Army George C.
Marshall told a capacity audi
ence at Hunter College Assem
bly Hall last night at a sym
posium on higher education
sponsoretl by the city clubs of
eight major colleges, the muni
cipal branch of the American
As.sociation of University Wom
en, and the United Negrt) Col
lege Fund. Dr. Benjamin E.
Mayes, president, Morehouse
College, Atlanta, Georgia, also
spoke, anti Mrs. .Mildreil McAfee
Horton, former president of
Wellesley Ciillege, chaired the
meeting.
Cieueral Marshall, evaluating
the Marshall Plan, said; “Its
first two years, according to my
information, have lh‘en success
ful beyoml our initial hopes
knowing the state of affairs in
Western Knrope in the late
spring of 1!*47, the desperate,
hopeless feeling of the people
and their abject poverty and
consequent state of hunger, the
same scene tAvo years later is
bright beyond belief, however
great the present problems and
dangers.
“We are now entering the
(Please turn to Page Eight)
, - COLUMBIA. S. C.
Speaking at a forum of tlie
Adult Opportunity Si-hool near
here last Sunday. Dr. (iordon
Blackwell, professor of sociologj’
at the University of North Caro
lina. told his listeners that “the
South must move into the stream
of real dcmoerai-y before being
coerced to do'so by the federal
"overntnent. ”
Dr. Blackwell spoke at a
forum ou “Education As A
Basis For Social And Economic
Progre.s.s In South Carolina.’’
'I'he South Carolina Department
of Education, the South Caro
liua Education Association and
the Opportunity School sponsor
ed the program.
The speaker traced Southern
progress in industry, education
and living standards.
Ou the matter of civil rights
Dr. Blackwell said, “The white
N^rth wants the whole United
States to practice what they
preach now . The white South is
thus placed on the defensive,
and wishes to solve this problem
slowly and in its own way.”
“Education has changed the
Negro. Tt has made them aware
of their rights, which they not
only a.sk for but demand.”
Christmas Drive
Launched For
Durham Needy
The Citizens iieaded by I. R.
Holmes and the Carolina Times
laum-heJ their l'J4y Christmas
Cheer 'lub drive This week with
letter-^ being mailed to a lar^
number of colored citizens and
organizations by the president
of the club. This is the second
annual drive to aid needy fam
ilies.
DAuitions to the Clirist|naa
Cheer Club began December 1st
wVJi the Community Misidon
Club of which Mrs. Bertha Allen
is president, made the first eon-
triUution of ten tWlars. The
Durham Alumni Chapter of
Kappa Alpha P.-u Frantemity
was next with a contribution of
$2.3. and $10 from the Junior
Mother’s Club Other cash con
tributions include the Junior
Dorcas Club with a #5.00 dona
tion and $7.00 from the Cosme
tology Club.
In adilitiou to cash contribu-
t;ion. the Commimity Mission
Club is providing Christmas for
two needy families
Twelve Pound Tumor
Taken From Woman
In Dunn Hospital
DUN"N
Dr. C. B. Codrington, Negro
member of the staff of the Dunn
hospital, reported this week the
removal of a 12-pound fibrod
tumor from a 35-year-old wom
an w ho discovered it only a few
days ago.
Thw^emergency operation was
performed by Dr. Codrington
and Dr. W. \V. Stanfield, chief
surgeon of the hospital.
l>r. Codrington stated that
the woman did not know she had
the tumor until last week when
she suffered pains and consult
’d him. His e.xamination and
liagnosis disclosed presence of
the tumor.
Three blood transfusiDUs were
necessary prior to the operation
which is usually ivgarded as a
serious one. AVednestlay the wom
an V condition was reported as
satisfactory. She is expected to
recover barring no complica
tions.
The physicians stated that the
tumor must have weighed l'»
pounds, but that they lose blootl
anil shrink very rapidly during
an operation.
The tumor was larger than a
large-size baby at birth and ex-
tendied all the way from the
patients pelvis to her breast
bone. Ordinarily tumors are a-
bout the sizr of an orange. When
one reaches the size of a grape
fruit, it is considered unusually
large.
Dr. Codrington is the only
Negro physician in Dimn and
has been on the general staff of
the hospital since it was erected
in 1941. He has absolute free
dom in the use of its facilities
and full cooperation of the oth
er members, all of whom are
white.
It is interesting to note that
thu mayor and city fathers re
fused to O. K. funds for the
erection of the building until it
was definitely uiul^^rstood thati
Dr. Cotlringtun would be allow
ed full use of its facilities.
Woman Found
Dead in Field
SANFORD
Mrs. Bessie Reaves, 60, of Siler
City, who had been attending
the A. M. E. Zion Church Con
ference in Sanford last we«k,
was foiuid dead in the woods
bout two miles from Sanfonl
Saturday afternoon
She was la.st seen after the
Sundav meeting on a golf course.
-\cconlinK to the local sheriff
an intensive search of the near
by wotnls was made.
Two younsr boys found the
btxly in a thickly winxled arM.
They then notifietl the Coroner
who said the death was appar
ently causetl by exposure.