nrHE 'Tnvm umiMouiorsAiv mmmm m* !*ir
HtijiiirTd Qaivttip OvrNiiliiiai ^io0
WADR MARR'S OPINION ON:
LetlhmMotiDie'IrVaiir
At Tifton. Gcortpa and Wrighlsville, Ar-
last work, the nation pot a first hand
but pirturp nf the awful pricp (hat
is sometimes pai1 inr lieinij a Xe.dii' in cer-
taio BMtions >l the Simtli, At '1 ifloii nine
XegTO schiVil I'hiWn'n din] in a 54-seat turn
tliat was ov«*rl(tai|i'(l with Sf) pupils. 1 ho chil
dren were drowned wlu'ii lh*’ hns phinjfel
into a pond after the drivvr had lust contriil
because nf a lumipy At Wriphtsville,
21 teen-aped bovs died in a lnrkrd dorniitnry
of an industri.'il schiml ifiai at the time had
no adult attendant ht‘cau''C tlic diic anl only
person hired to su](ervi-.t‘ tiie (iS hoys in the
srhrtol had been hospitalized on arcotint of
ilhicss.
W'e point our finf!;T at the damnable sys
tem of scifre^'atinn in il.r South and ctmrge
that the .k) Xej^ro children nf Tifton, (jeorgia
and Wriphtsvillf. Arkansas paiil with tlieir
lives that tlu- South might have the ri^ht to
force Xefjroes to endnre inferior sdio*ils, in
ferior and overloaded school •l)uses, inferior
streets and roads, inferior jobs, abandi!)ned
school buildings, that are out of date and
menacc to the health, lives and safety of Ne
groes, and other second hand facilities.
\Vc know that if a school bus has to be
overcrowded, it is the one carrying Kegroes
that is first f)verIoadcl: we know that if there
are children to go without proper adult su
pervision and attendants that it is the Negro
children that are first called upon tr) make
the sacrifice: we kn*w that if there are di
lapidated school buses with inferior brakes,
it is most always the Xegro children who gel
such bnsesi we Icnow thrtt if there are streets
to g«» unpaved ,md sections of the city to gf>
withoMt amijle fire and jMjIice j)rotectioTi, it is
the Xegfo sections that will have to go lack-
ing.
Here in Xorth Carolina we have seen in
the same town a segregated school system
that provil«d a ste.-im-heated building for
white^i ami ]n*t-bellied stoves for Negroes.
W’e have seien the county board of cliK'atiou
send truck loads »f coal to '.he white school
to be thrown into a furnace by a hirel jani
tor or fireman. W’e have seen loads of green
wood sent to the Xegro school by that same
board of education to be cut by students, carf
ried into the building and placed into the pot
bellied Stoves by them.
Because we have seen all this and more
under the system of segregation we rededi-
cate these columns anew to fight it until ev
ery child, irrespective of creed, race or color,
shall have the right to efjual opportunities and
littman dignity all over America.
If the nine Xegro pupils in Tifton, Geor
gia and the 21 Xegro boys in Wrightsviile,
Arkansas died that this nation might be
aroused to the hellishness of segregation, they
have not died in vain.
NON
WN'TM
Oiribra§e> lb
Bessemev,; Aide
Congratulations for the N.C.C. Youtli Council
WATCH ON THE POTOMAC
By ROBERT SPIVACK
We congratulate the members of the
Youth Council of the Xational Association for
the Advancement of Colored People at N. C.
College for the forward step they have tak*n
in attempting to arouse fellow students
against patronizing segregated theaters. It
has been somewhat distressing to progressive
alumni and citizens of Durham to see students
of North Carolina College humiliating them
selves and their race by patronizing theaters
that deny them equal accommodations.
There may l)« a few instances when it is
ejcpe«!jent to accept a segregated necessity,
but we think it is never e.V])edient to accept
a segregated luxury. l‘'or the most part, the
ater-going for the average Xegro college stu
dent is a luxury so far as time away from his
studies is concerned. For some, it may alsii'be
a financial luxury.
Members of the YotUh Coimcil at X. C.
College have taken a stand that shoitid be
supported by their fellow students, the facul
ty and citizens of the community. It is our
sincere hope that students at A & T, St.
Augustine's, Bennett, Shaw, Johnson Smith,
Livingstone, and Elizabeth City State Teach
ers College will fall in line v/ith their eflForts
until students all over the state will refuse to
submit to the indignities that go with segre
gation.
Added strength would be given |t)jie efforts
if students in our public schools would fall in
line and refuse to spend their money in segre
gated theaters. Certainly, if Xegroes in .Africa
and the deep ,South are willing to risk tbeir
lives for freeflow^ we here in XorHj^ Carolina
oil^ht to be willing to sacrifice segregated
entertainment in theaters.
The New Strategy Of
Southern Congressmen
On the Right Trad( In Qtapel HHI
Lait week, at a meetirig of the Oiapel Hill
Fellowship for Integration, Dean Henry 1..
Brandis Jr.. a member of the Chapel Hill
school board and dean r»f the I'niversity of
Xorth Carolina Law School implied that . Ne
gro schools in Chapel Hill were inferior to
white, schools. He quotel figures published
last yCaf which showed that seventy-five per
cent o{ the children in white schools ranked
in the top twenty-five per cent of the natioii
in ability and accomplishment. Said he; “the
courses in the white schools are geared to
this highly acceleratcd group. This is not true
of the Negro schools.”
This implication, that the white schools
are superior to Xegro schools, came when
Miss Vivian Foushee. only ,Xegro member of
the panel, questioned Dean Brandis as to why
he ob)«cted to having white pupils attend Ne
gro cdtools.
If the implication of Dean Brandis is true
—and It seems feasible—then we think this
is mort reason why Xegro citizens of Chapel
Hill thttiid join the movement for integration'.
We do not believe that all Xegro pupils wouM
rank below the white pupils if they had been
exposed to equal educational opportunities. To
accept this philosophy is to surrender to thie
theory that one's inteHigence is governed by
‘hose who are
qtulified to speak on this subject are in agree-
thit intelligence has nothing to do with
skin color or any other anatomical attributes.
Si«S Dean Brandis further: “We have no
application from white parents—either mem
bers or nonmembers of your organizations
to transfer their chiWren td Negro school*. In
your question . . . you ask why Negro paronts
have not made application. Presumably, you
ttCai§3|agbtg
are not in doubt as to why (here have been
none fronf“white pirfTttMV Fliini this I w««jW
assume that you would not favor board ac
tion resuUirtg in the selection of a few white
children—whether yours or not—to be as
signed to Negro schools.”
Certainly, we see no reason why white
parents, however liberal, should choose to
send their children to schools that are admit-
telly producing pupils below the rank of
those produced in white schools. It appears
to us that these parents are on the riglit: track
when they insist that all children of Chap'et'
Hill, witho«it regard to rac^ or color, have a
right through integration to attend the best
schools which the Board of Exiucation pro
vides.
SOUTH'S NEW STRATEGY
Washington—There is no doubt
that the collapse of “massive re
sistance” in Virginia was a psy
chological damaging blow to die
hard Dixiecrats who refuse to
recognize that the 20Hi Cehtury
is here.
Their forces arc scattered, di
vided and they are unsure of
the .smart course to follow. They
don’t like their “leader,” Gov.
Orval Faubu.s of Arkansas. Ills
studies at Communist - infiltrat
ed Commonwealth College, while
many years ago, still leave the
veteran segretationists more than
a little suspicious of him. Men
such as Talmadge and Eastland
regard him as a Johnny-come-late-
'y thjeir janks.
Despite the confusion in segre
gationist circles, the determina
tion to fight school integration or
enactment of any new civil rights
legislation remains firm as ever.
But now the .segregationists, un
der the direction of their brain
iest strategist, Sen. Richard H.
Russell of Georgia, are using a
new resistance technique.
In many ways it's much smart
er and much harder for the
civil rights advocates to brush
aside.
• I • «
Essentially it’s a plea for time.
What’s tricky about it is that the
Dixiecrats don’t explain time
"for what.” If they wanted am
ple time to adjust to the Supreme
(;oiirt School decision, none of
the civil rights leaders would
stand in the way. But if it’s sim
ply time to devise more plans for
MORE IMPORTANT
“Our public schools are more important
than our custom of separation of the races
and the schools must be maintai(ied even if
the only way means desegregation. . . . VVe
have repeated God’s will that ‘Thou shalt love SPIRITUAL IIVSIGHT
thy neighbor as theyself without doing much
to bring brotherhood about.”
The Reverend Leon Smith
Pastor, Atlanta
Park Street Methodist Church
Quoted imAtlanta Constitution
obstructing the high court’s de
cision, then that’s something en
tirely different.
The Russell plan is to appeal
to as many Republicans in both
houses of Congress as po^ible,
in the beli#f they are not really
too concerned about civil rights
unless they happen to come from
New York or the East.
The new Southern “line” was
laid down by Congressman Rich
ard H. Poff, a Vireiiiifr HepuWi-
can, at the opening session of-
the current I louse Judiciary sub
committee hearings on civil
rights. He was asking for time—
and making it sound like a plea
for mercy.
* • •
Mr. Poff States Hfs Cs« i
Cohii'essmatl Pflfrs ’ testlnmny
before the civil rights hearings
merit critical examination, be
cause it was the reasoned ex
pression of a Southern vie^oint
and not the words'of a blov^-faard.
“I proceed from tl»e premise
that it is, or by right should be,
the policy of the Coh|ress to
foster racial accord,” he said.
“Stated in the negative. Congress
has, or slioiild have, no ^^^rpose
to incite raidal discord,"
He then went on to say that
no man “willingly subtriits” to
tho.se who . gratuitously attempt"
to impose 'u|>on him their own
private notions of proper social
behavior , . ," Then he closed his
prefacing remarks with the ob
servation that ‘‘neither this Con
gress nor any other legislative
body can legislate tolerance.”
Tiater he got down to his spe
cific “remedy” for civil rights
strife;
“If this premise and these
corallaries be valid, then what
good cause can be served by
new legislation spewed into the
anxious atmosphere the South
must breathe? Can it change
men’s hearts? Can it counterfeit
tolerance? Can it manufacture
human harmony?”
To these rhetorical questions,
Poff’s answer obviously was "no.”
He proceeded to review the
situation in Virginia. She "fought
honorably” and finally yielded
“reluctantly but gracefully and
without violence.”
In view of this experience, he
3sked, should there- not be a
‘Tegislatlve liTorarorTurir^ so the
South can “bind up our wounds?”
Finally Poff said:
“In government as in private
life, sometimes the best action is
no action at all . . . This problem,
which is only much aggravated
by much talk, does not require
new legislation ... it requires on
the part of the Federal govern
ment patience, forebearance and
self-restraint. Never before has
the Congress of the United States
had such an opportunity to ac
complish so much simply by do
ing nothing.”
Until you recall that high
school students at T-ittle Rock
are still locked out and that.no
moves have been made in Missis
sippi, Georgia, Alabama and oth
er areas even for token integra
tion, Mr. Poff’s argument seems
quite persuasive.
By REV. HAROLD ROLAND
OLD SOUTH SHRINKING
It (the.Soutli) is the last great economic
frontier; it ha* the largest reservoir o£ un
used labor' and the largest undeveloped con
sumer’s market. But all of this is promise 'Un
less the- focal problem of race is met with
integrity and principle. The ohi Soi»th -which
our demagogues, politicians; and courthouse
l)Oys remember wth such nostalgia is slirink-
ing. Once it was 16 states, then 13; now it is
five hard-t»re • resistance • states. The ■ iature
wilLpa&s us br; that is, the five hard-core re
sistance states.’'
The Reverend Edwarrf Cahill,*-
Pastor, Atlanta -United Liberal Church,
Quoted ia Atlanta.Daity World
NO'IWrFEREMeB^
“TIicre are no very signifii^nf mental dif-
The Righteous Will Always
Find The Going Rough
PiAIUked every Saturday i/U Ourhciw. N; C.
by United PubUthert, Inc.
L, E. AUSTIN, Preatam$
M. E. JOHNSON, ComtroUer
Offlce located at 43C E. St
l>orfa«iB, Nortti Carotttur
eku* mtMertttihe P&$tOtlc9
onlyUJj«,,
wrapping paper of your personality.’
of Mbrch S. Un.
jM RATtt: $4.00 PtK TEAM
omec
rarflVMIM
Dr; G«orge Crane
Quoted ia. Miami-Herald
“Htred laid violent hands on
(om« who belonged to >h«
Church . . . "—Act* 12:1.
The righteous soul has a tough
way to go in a world like this
we live in. This has been the
story of those who have chosen
this path. Those who decide to
do what is right have a tough
row to hoe. The bible is full
of the struggles of such souls;
Right finds the going tough at
times; but it poust keep wearily
on in its appointed way. This
has been true since the day .
Abel made the choice of God's
way. You - remember his own
blood brother in envy slew him.
Righteousness, however, go«»
inafch ing tfi umpKantly '^nT' liT'
spite of the hindrances in its
pathway. There is a blind, cmel
Herod in eveiy agai wbo.wotild
persecute the righteous. The
kerods’ efforts are-wasted in a
vain futility to stay the cause
off what is right In the hlind-
nest an4 stupidity tot evil they
never learn tbeir lessons. They
reach out wUb failing hands of
violence to stop the - onrush ing.
parad* o£ the'riglit. Thty strike
their blows but the righteous
go ' on under • God’s conquering
banaers.
God backs tlwa»-wit« are
scouted for. rigbteousness. 'Tba
wan -of rightcoustesa carries a
Diviqc ' GuauaUe.''^ This geeat
truth stands oat in tbelifiof
Jesus. Jesus kept oiv in the way
kuwiag- UMt. tte.^wd the, backr
1n^ rf Go4iseterttal.f-iiiaiiriff,'
Thanks b*>H»'God>'that watcau '
coiMi ra hii»'in 'thisxway.* H*
projoiMdt to r be wMb us. > His
word has never failed . . . "The
Lord knoweth the way of the
Godly, but tjie way of the un
godly shall perish . . .” Herod's
feeble efforts failed to halt the
onward march of God’s King
dom.
The unrighteous fight a los
ing battle. The efforts of evil
may stall the cause of right) for
awhile but such efforts are
doomed to failure. Many times
thtti' way. looks dark for those
wiio stand in the cause of the
right. Thus, many crusaders ■ are
overwhelmed by a kind of hope-
lesslass-despair.. And, then mys-'
teriously the light breaks
through and the tide of battle
"Is turned forthe righteous. tJod
in his power gives an E^sten be
yond -a dark Calvary. Yes, i the
(CoNtlmMd fram Pag* 2) i
Editor's Nate: Following Is
diteuuion ky Wade Msrr, new»
paiMr columnirt for the Fuquay
Independent. Mar's discusiioa
it devoted to Hie recent jailing
arfdbeating a Bessemer, Al»
bam« Negro labor imio(k laailen
A few weeks ago in Besseraeiv
industrial capital of Alabama, As-
bury Howard was arrested with
out warranty jailed without bond,
charged the next day with vio
lation of nothing mora than a
city ordinance controling the
use of literature dangerous to
the publid peace, convicted of a
misdemeanor in magistrate's
court, and, on notice of appeal,
refused his freedom from jail
as priivided by law.
A similar series of legal steps,
no matter how regretable, can
happen in any section of the
United Slates except New Eng
land and such a .series has hap
pened what did follow in Besse-
mer’s magistrate’s court.
Howard was mobbed by a
gang of white.s, beaten to the
floor, stomped and split into
near senselessness while some
15 oath bound officers of the
law looked on in merciless bene
diction while mercifully with
holding their own blackjacks
from the body of a defenseless
human.
A note on Howard's crime: he
hired an artist to make a pos
ter from a nationally distributed
cartoon. The cartoon pictured a
Negro, hands shackled and in
the posture of prayer, asking
God to show all men that all
men share a common humanity.
Howard was fined $105 and
sentenced to the roads for six
months. The artist, white, was
fined the same but, presumably,
he did not receive an unsuspend
ed sentence.
North Carolina may not be
free of citizens who.sc impulses
remain savagely in an Alabama
jungle but in no court in North
Carolina shall any human be
mobbed or molested. Our Wake
Court recently offered a strik
ing example of standard pro
cedure in our courts: Matt Bass,
evil looking commissiotier o^^^the
evilest of crime, was at all titnes
held securely within a protec-
tive ring of bailiffs and deputies,
not to restrain his ewape but
to risk their own lives against
any violence that might ex
plode as his acts unfolded tell
ing of his purposeful stalking of
a while woman alone in an of
fice building, hurling himself
brutally upon her person until
the sanctity of her being was
violated in terror, slashing her
until he knew she could not
live, and then fleeing, doubtless
in a terror all his owri.
We HI North Carolina arc be
set with violence as we are dis
turbed by bomb hoaxes but this
Alabama is a whole lot farther
away than Korea is from the
famous Haw River. Of more
weight, Tar Heels have not yet
reached general agreement on
how to approach racial sohitions
hut we are solidly united in the
insistence that violence shall not
be a part of our thinking let
-alone our acting. We share a
.sophistication that sees clearly
that Alabama, as a Virginia
Oovernor said there recently in
another matter, hurts our own
chance to that freedom from
outside tyranny we deeply be
lieve we need, and can responsi
bly u.se, in meeting our difficul
ties on terms helpful to the
many sides to our basic prob
lem.
Outrage Th* Soeondr^A taactlon
The world of Newton begins
with every force exeiting an
equal counteivforae;'Einstein re
veals a*world' of - such i forces
that this neat balance, oa which
many of ! our institotions are
based, loses impovtarice.- Forees
run loose* crasy with threat' of
pell mell. dottmct^en;'
The events climaxed in a Bes
semer courtroom joined to the
forces of reaotion belonft to an
inhuman world of classing forces
far. beyond- tbc-.r^ch of.reason'
or the hdpe. of Jiumaoity. Soom
such world as Einstein’s might
provide a basis of ,uad*rstand-
that-fe xuiithn.-wvrldtW'
can live in nor yet the wvrld we
actually contend an.. This un
real wuAd,of...mutoUjt>,iirohU)U‘-.
ing extremes is pointed up for
the purpose- oi making an .ab
surdity clear and, perhaps, sug
gesting an effective appfonch to
a very real world wc arc living
in.
Wltnoss, as reaction, tliis gem
of . intolerablo irresponsibility
from, the I*resident of the Afro-
American Heritage Assn., Chi-
cigo, to the President of the
Uaibed States of America, Wash
ington!; “freeing of Ashtiry H»w-
ard is essential to re establish
Reconstruction Democracy in
the .South.”
Under this dispensation there
must first be a declaration of
war by The Con.'jress holding
the Southern .States in open re
bellion against the Nation, fol
lowed by a brief war of massive
destruction, the in.stitiition of
Military Government in the ab
sence of States, the investiture
of the Negro with sole pos.ses.s-
ion of the garments of citizen
ship and culture, and the re
stitution to him of the authori
ty of whim backed by the mi,i*ht
of armed technology.
A Hopo: A Common Rotponio
No same person can condone,
neither fail to revolt again.st,
the vision of a human being as
saulted by a pack of savages
with the blessing of barbarians
in Be.wemer nor, equally, l>efore
the vision of Reconstruction
Democracy in the 20th Century.
Before such extremes, good
sense withholds explanatory com
ment. These extremes carry
their own proof of l)clonging to
worlds devoid of any proper re-
levence to a human world. It
may be, however, that this ir-
relevence itself points towards
something of value in approach
ing adjustments in areas of crit-^
ieal conflicts of interests. On
the belief that all leaders of
both races are united in horror
before both these inhuman ex
tremes, it becomes relevent to
point out that at least this com
munity of agreement does exist
between our races. TJiere is an
inhumanity, extremely express
ive of real conflict, that both
Negroes and whites respond to
without argument, without need
for explanation, or without rea
sons being cited. Qur common
creed holds that violations by
law of the sanctity of the per
son- trf"ime- or—of- millions is
equally an expression of inhu
manity wc mutually hold to be
beyond an inhabitable world.
Reducdd to most cusuiil terms,
il is a case of "extremely” poor
public relations. Tar Heels, it is
held, agree on certain areas of
extremes wherein poor public
relations endanger the future of
both.
Toward A Way: Th* First Steir
Negroes and Whites who
share in common the belief that
these two extremes are bad pub
lic relations do also share the
attitude first required in com
mon sense approach to needed
adjustments.
The reason is nf special .sig
nificance: the white is not orat
ing his boly of beliefs, he is re
sponding. as a human >)cing to
an inhuman situation and vi.s-
ion; the Negro is not preaching
his doctrine of freedom from
binding chains by judicial de
cree, he is responding as a hu
man being to an inhuman sit-
uotion and vision. Neither res
ponds by racial identity; either
mu.st respond by his identity as
the real situations nf a real
world are faced, but the hopeful
fact may l)e that each has a ca
pacity to respond in basic human
terms. There lies the starting
point; there, loo, lies finally the
end of a long and necessary
mission.
Debates between rival theo
logies is not the way of approach
ing mutual adjustments in mat
ters of mutual concern. I^abor
and management, for instance,
are often in flagrant conflict of
interest and theology but, in
most cases, each side, sometime,
retreatjs from oratorical efforts
to convert sinners and get on
with the business at hand: deal
with actual situations in search
of the best possible adjustments'
at that time.
It is high time that North
Carolina, proud as we are of our
ability to do what some others
Hwcye*-»i±!c; .ts do, began
using her ability mutually to
brin£ about mutual adjustments
In real. situaUona.