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-V. .LIER h SMART N-Uiara. fole.nt.on o. Settlement
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It is very likely that - tlie
Congress will make welfare
reform one of its high priori
ics. President Carter has al
ready formed a task force on
welfare fefornu headed by
H; E. , W. Secretary Joseph .
Califano. which is scheduled to
issue recommendations by late .
April of this year. Congress
man Steven J. Solarz has in-:
traduced ; two bills .'which '
would both provide immediate
fiscal relief - for local govern-:
merits and long term reform of
the entire welfare : system.
The first of these two bills
is the .'Uniform Federal Wei-'
fare and Medical . Assistance .
Act of 1977," which would
establish a uniform rate of
Federal reimbursement of 75
for the AFDC and Medicaid,
Program. It would also man
date that the entire 25 local
contribution be borne entirely
by the states and forbids any
state from requiring any of its
subdivisions or municipalities
to contribute to . the cost of
the program.
The second bill introduced
by Congressman Solarz is the
"Family Income ' Maintenance
Act" which if enacted would
totally change- the welfare pro
gram by consolidating the
existing SSI, AFDC, Food
Stamp and Home Relief Pro
grams into one comprehensive
program which, would provide
all eligible ' families with a
minimum of $4,700 . a year.
The bill, besides eliminating,
existing eligibility requirements
relating to family structure
which contribute to family
breakups, contains strong work
incentives and requirements. In
addition, the bill would
provide special adjustments for
high cost of living areas.,
The "welfare system" con-.
sists of diverse federal, states
and local programs including
social insurance (principally
Social Security, Railroad Re
tirement, Workmen's Compen
sation Unemployment Ipsu--tance,'
Veterans Compensation,
and Medicare) and income ,
assistance (principally Aid for ,
Children. S u p .p I e m e n t a 1
Security Income, Food Stamps,
and Medicaid, Public Housing,
and General Assistance). Social "
Services : are . also related to ,
some of these programs. ' . .
In Fiscal Year 1977 social
insurance benefits will equal
approximately $1 34. billion.
Some of these benefits go to
low income families, but most
will go to families and indivi
duals with incomes above the
official povertv line.
; Benefits under income
assistance programs, i.e., AFDC :
and SSI will equal approxi
mately $49 billion in Fiscal ,
Year 1977. Even with this vast
array of programs and services,',
nearly 25 million Americans
still remain in poverty.
Legislation is indeed '
needed to reform our chaotic
welfare system. However, one :
of the major problems with our
welfare . program is the belief
among the majority of people,
in our society that the system
encourages able bodied persons
to .be dependent upon the
state. There is a great deal of
controversy as to whether jobs
do exist. The Solarz Bill
stresses the referral of able
bodied persons on welfare to
job opportunities,. However, if
members of Congress are con
vinced that the jobs are avail
able, then would it not be both
E roper and effective to pass
. R. 50, the Equal Opportu
nity and Full Employment Act
prior to the enactment , of any
legislation leading toward wel
fare reform? By doing so, we
will put the issue in the
proper perspective. Let ypur
elected representative know
how you feel about rull em
ployment, the nation's number
one priority. H. R. 50 virtually
needs Congressional support.
v North Carolina Selected To Participate In IFOC
CHAPEL HILL - The in
fant mortality and teenage :
pregnancy rate is liigher in the
Southeast than elsewhere in
the United States. "
To combat the' problem,
the Bureau- of Maternal and
5.
Child Health, y. S. Depart
ment of Health, Education and
Welfare is starting the "Im
proved : Pregnancy Outcome
Program," said DrJ Vince L.
Hutchins, associate - bureau
director. . , .
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Thirteen states with high
infant mortality and teenage
pregnancy rates, health man
power shortages and large num
bers of people at risk, were
selected to participate in the
program. North Carolina and
lllll ll ;
LJ
seven other Southeastern states
were-chosen and notification
of funding should be received
within a few weeks. ;
Hutchins described the
need for and purpose of the
. program Tuesday, March 22 at
the Regional Conference on
Maternal and Child Health,
Family Planning and Crippl
ed Children's Services in
Chapel Hill. The conference
was sponsored by the depart
ment of maternal and child
health and the office of con
tinuing education. School of
Public Health, University of
North Carolina at Chapel
.Hill.
The coal of
proved Pregnancy
the "Inv
Outcome
Program," he said, is to im
prove maternal care and preg
nancy outcome in states which
greatly contribute to the inci
dence of Infant mortality and
teenage pregnancy in an effort
to reduce these problems.
North Carolina has the
fourth highest infant mortality
rate, according to Hutchins,
following the District of
Columbia, Alabama and
Mississippi.
"There is considerable
variation among states in in
fant mortality rates," Hutchins
said. "For example, in 1975
Gov. Proclaims Foreign
language IVeefr
NNPA' AWARD TO REYNOLDS - Colin Stokes (center), chairman and chief
executive officer of R. J. Reynolds Industries, Inc., receives an award from Dr,
Carlton Goodlett, president, National Newspaper Publishers Association, for
Reynolds Industries' scholarship program for black journalism students. At the
Marth 18 presentation in Washington, D. C, Stokes announced that the program
would be extended to include 20 additional students in a second seven-year
phase. Seated next to Stokes is Thurgood Marshall, associate justice, United
State Supreme Court.
Flexitime To Begin At EPA March 28
Flexitime, a work sche
dule that offer full time em
ployees greater flexibility in
determining work hours, will
begin at all of the U. S. En
vironmental Protection
Agency's North Carolina faci
lities on March 28.
Norman Childs, coordina
tor for establishing the pro
gram at Research Triangle Park
explained that with flexitime,
fixed times of arrival and de
parture are replaced by a' work
ing day with two' different
types of times: core time and
flexible time.
EPA's flexitime program
consists of lO'l operating
hours, from 7 ajrt. - 5:30 p.m.
There is a 6lA hour core time,
from 9 a.m. - 330 p.m., dur
ing which all employees in each
work unit must be present.
Flexible time is a 2 hour period
before and after one core time
in which employees may
choose their arrival and de
parture times. Under the new
system all employees still work
an eight hour day plus a half
hour for lunch.
Childs noted that , the
public will continue to be
served during the regular work
ing hours of 8 a.m. - 4:30 pjn.
"By expanding our work
hours we hope flexitime will
give employees greater control
over their personal "and
working lives. The new system
will also provide employees
with more quiet time before
or after our regular hours to
accomplish work requiring
greater concentration," con
tinued Childs. "Under flexi
time, child-care arrangements
public transportation,, and car
pooling are often more work
able than under fixed hours,"
said Childs. "and most agen
cies have found that flexi
time has reduced tardiness and
use of sick leave." "Flexitime
will also allow some employees
to travel to and from work at
other than peak rush periods.
And for oilier employees it
may mean the opportunity to
enroll in courses which could
not be taken under EPA's
fixed schedule."
Flexitime will be tried
by EPA for a one year period
and then be evaluated for its
continued use.
Flexitime programs now
affect more than 60,000
Federal employees in 50 or
ganizations tnroughout the
country. The program has been
adopted at EPA Headquarters,
EPA'S Research Laboratory in
Cincinnati, and in five Re
gional offices.
Governor James B. Hunt,
Jr., has proclaimed the week of
April 3-9 Foreign Language
Week in North Carolina, and
public school students through
eut the state have planned a
variety of activities in recogni
tion of the commemorative
event.
"It is. a fact that know
ledge of the language and cul
ture of another nation makes
our citizens more aware of
their common language and of.
their basic cultural patterns,
and more tolerant and appre
ciative of our pluralistic
society," Hunt said in the pro
clamation. Students in Durham
countycity schools will
participate in many classroom
and schoolwide activities fea
turing the language and cus
toms of other cultures. Many
schools in the state will spon
sor foreign language festivals,
featuring the music, dance,
language and food of other
cultures, and will invite parents
and interested citizens to join
them. Some schools will also
feature foreign language con
tests. Foreign language Week is
sponsored each year by the
Department of Public Instruc
tion's Division of Languages
k ranged from 22J per IjCCO ,
live births hi Mississippi to 12 9
in Hawaii - ' - - ..
-Fo - infant tpti 1 II (
months, the mortality rate in ,
isolated areas is 45 pet cent
higher for whites and 136
per cent higher for non-whites
than in greater metropolitan
areas. And in IS of the 26
largest cities, the infant morta
lity rate was above the national
rate from 1968-70:
The infant mortality rate ,
for white infants is half what it
is for non-white infants, Hut
chins said.
High infant mortality is
usually associated with teenage
pregnancy, and in 1973, North
Carolina ranked ninth in the
nation in the number of births
to teenage girls.
"In 1975," Hutchins said,
"there were nearly 600000
births in the U. S. to women
19 years of age and under.
Over 12.000 of these births
were to girls less than 15 years
of age. The only increase in
fertility rates was for girls aged
10 - 14 years, which had risen
8 per cent from the previous
year."
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16,000 Elderly Got Jobs
In 3 Month Period;
20 Arc Black
WASHINGTON - The U.
S. Department of Labor pro
vided 16,000 workers age 55
and over with - part time
community service jobs in the
three month transition period
in 1976 "between" fiscal years.
The older workers, all eco
nomically disadvantaged, were
participants in the, Senior
Community Employment Pro
gram (SCSEP), in which wages
are subsidized by the Labor
Department.
Almost three fourths (74
per cent) of the participants
were white, 20 per cent, were
black, and the remaining 6 per
cent were American Indian or
from other ethnic groups.
Slightly more than 5 per cent
were of Hispanic origin .
The department . spent
$10,254,000 for the program
from July I through Sept.
30. 1976, the so-called transi-
SCSEP offers the
communities where.it operates
a federally supported pool of
workers than can be drawn
upon the enhance existing
services or to create new ones.
It provides program partici
pants with a much needed
supplement to their incomes.
SCSEP projects are spon
sored primarily by five national
organizations: Green Thumb.
Inc., (ar arm of the National
Farmers Union); the National
Council on the Aging; the
National Council of Senior
Citizens; the National Re
tired Teachers Association -American
Association of Retir
ed Persons; and the U. S. De
partment of Agriculture's
.Forest Service.
These ; organizations spon
sor all SCSEP projects now
being conducted in 47 states.
C, and Puerto
nu: . rt
?HSSlJi2--R,- In the three states and
the old fiscal year period and fnnr tAri,itnri nnt rnvpA hu
the start of the new period
three months later.
SCSEP participants work
in a wide variety of activities
in such palces as day care
centers, schools, hospitals,
senior citizens centers, and on
beautification, conservation
and restoration projects. 1
The program also provides
participants with annual
physical examinations, per
sonal and job-related counsel
ing, job training, andin some
'cases, placement Into regular,
' unsubsidized,. jobs. Participants
wages average $2.44 an hour.
these organizations (Alaska.
Delaware, Hawaii. American
Samoa, Guam, Trust Territory
of the Pacific Islands, and the
Virgin Islands), SCSEP projects
are . being , sponsored by the
state and territorial govern
ments. SCSEP is authorized by
Title IX: of the Older Amcrk
cans Amendments of 1975.
(PL 94-135) and Includes pro;
jects that are ' formerly con
ducted under the National Old
er Workers Program .Opera
'.tion Mainstream, y ,
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