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SLAVERY AND RELIGION
, Part 5 .. :
When the slaves left Africa
they carried with them a know
ledge of their own complex
cultures. These surviving
"Africanisms" were evident in"
the slaves' speech, in their
dances, music, folklore and in
their religion. The extent .to
which their African heritage
Dlacli f.lmd
Dr. 1 ahciMriC: Ashantf
slaves took their re-
IWrim.uir.riwtwilu'-; Ruw-a neeaca now was, g
J - V! Pyliolopy Jspiritual nfe which transported
" North Carolina Central .. -D him from the dull routine of
, University ; v- Qbondage and which promised
iBaraiarirOnun tiat 3 better me was with-'
carried over to their life in embraced Christianity eagerly.
America varied with time arid -The : doctrine of the savior
drous feats with "root woik' population to Vh million by of 'theological thought, but a
llligioh seriously. In Africa the -and put frightful curses upon ? 830;: In Southern "states,- psychological straitjackcr tie-
D black's world was inhabited by their enemies. . 'blacks were, everywhere and signed to harness black yearn-
petulant spirits; whose i de- ; -But all slave superstitions ; whites were terrified. In this -tags for freedom. When, finally
Umands had to be : gratified:- did not originate in Africa; in climate "of white terror and slavemaster observed that their
D his relationship to these spirits' fact, it would -be', difficult to I 'reaction, the religion found' best, most Controlled slaves
n was regulated by the rituals T prove that most of them did.- Hs greatest use, not as a body - were religious, - religion for
ror ine slaves pivivcu up pivm
ideas from
SAT., MARCH 23, 1377
slaves became a necessity. It
had become an undisguised in
strument fof their control. Am
bition made a poor slave, so re
ligion required that he bridle .
ambition." Learning made him
THe CAP.CL1"ATP! ZS-9
more rebellious, so the new
religion made learning a dtn
serous thing, thus the saying,
"too much education will
make yo go crazy."
- - To be continued - ..
Dand dogmas of liis faith. What'
place. In . bondage, the slaves
lacked cultural autonomy -the
authority to apply rigorous
sanctions against those who
violated their own traditions.
Instead, they were put under
great 1 pressure to leam and
accept whichever of the white
man's customs would, help
them to exist in a biracial
society.
INFOGRAMS
By Mary J. Whitmore,
Home Economist
ii . .
Potato Power
comes to the . Negro slaves as
their most inward need . . "
A former .slave recalled .the
ecstasy he felt when he learned
that . , . , God loved black men
as Well as white..
In the South, except in a
few border cities, the laws
against slave assemblies pre-,
vented the slaves from organi
zing their own independent
churches before the Civil War.
Thus many slaves werex
preached to by white minis
ters and masters as a means of
control. Yet, it was from white
preachers that the slaves re
ceived their indoctrination into
Christianity.
- Most slaves received much
more : satisfaction from unsu
' i pervised religious meetings
: which they held secretly, or
; which their masters tolerated
in disregard of the law. How
ever, some educated whites be
lieved that their interpretation
contained more heathen super
stition than Christian doctrine.
The practice of Voodoo
ism, which survived among a
few slaves, as well as a wide
spread belief in charms and
spirits, stemmed in part from
the African past. Frederick
Douglass learned from an old
African (who had "magic
powers") that if a slave wore
the root of a certain herb on
his right side, no white man
could ever whip him. Slave
conjurers accomplished won-
When you think of foods with high vitamin C content, you
probably think first of orange juice. But how about potatoes?
A single baked potato supplies about one-third the vitamin
C recommended for adults, and about half the amount. recom
mended for children 10 years old or younger.
Potatoes are also good sources of iron, thiamine, niacin and
riboflavin. And they also contain magnesium, potassium, phos
phorus, calcium, copper and at least twenty-seven amino acids.
The potato is literally a mineral storehouse -- one of the
most natural, nutritious foods you can eat.
For waistline watchers, there is even more good news.
Potatoes contain virtually no fat, $o dieters can indulge. When
baked or boiled - they have "fewer calories than the same
amounts of avocados, lima beans, bran flakes, prunes, rice or
sweet potatoes. However, calories do multiply when butter, sour FOOD BASKET
cream or otner iais are aaaea.
The Irish found out long ago that the potato was the most
efficient crop they could grow. It provided more food energy
and nutrients on less acreage than any other crop. So take a tip
from the Irish - serve potatoes often.
Variations in preparation are almost endless and some
potato dishes have become almost constant companions to
other foods.
For example, French fries learn up with hamburgers or
steak - hash browns with eggs and bacon - baked potatoes with
roast beef. The all time favorite - mashed potatoes can be
served with all types of meats. HamltUn
Then, for a change of pace try potatoes au gratin, or use Q, e x slaw maPin dish 8ta.
potatoes in stews on in potato salads. tus by adding iulienne strips of
Serve them often for good health, good meals, sound bud- cooked ham and well drained
gets , and, substantial meals. For .anywav you slice them,- ppta- cannei oeachaUces. U . 1
toeahay a.Iotitagwe bes ., , ',.., i; i, rN,tf 4at
What Rack?
Remember the rack that is
placed under the roast. Don't
forget, it keeps the meat from
resting in drippings and also
allows the dry heat to circulate
around the meat evenly. The only
time a rack is not necessary is
when a rib roast is being cooked.
The rib bones, in this case, form
a natural rack 'or the roast.
of superstitions
"the-good Puritans, BaptistsT
Methodists, and other religious
sects who first obtained posses
sion. of their ancestors." It is
more likely that blacks and
whites made a generous ex
change of superstitions. There
is no need to trace back to
Africa the slaveV fear of be
ginning to plant a crop on
Friday, his dread of witches,
ghosts, and hobgoblins, his
confidence in good-Iuch
charms, his ' alarm of evil
omens, his belief in dreams,
and his reluctance to visit
burying grounds after dark.
These superstitions were all
firmly rooted in Anglo-Saxon
(white) folklore. Southern
whites tended to condemn as
superstition whatever elements
of slave beliefs they did not
happen to share.
There were several dis
tinctly African features of the
slave's culture. In Louisiana
many African religious rites
were fused into one - voodoo,
the worship of Damballa or the
snake god. The king and queen
of the voodoo sect in New
Orleans were "Dr. John" and
Marie Laveau. who exacted
blind obedience from their
followers. Claiming a know
ledge of the future and the
ability to heal the body and to "
read the mind, Dr. John and
Laveau exercised great con
trol over the blacks. Slaves
bought charms and amulets
in order to control their
masters, obtain money, gain
success in love, insure good
health, and to harm their
enemies. The sect penetrated
into practically every level
of society, including many
whites.
Religion was originally im
posed from without for the
purpose of keeping the slave
enslaved and to safeguard the
property of the master. First,
it, had to be set down that
conversion did not involve
a risk to the slaveholder or
the possible loss Of his
property. By 1706, six of the
colonies had passed laws per-,
petuating slavehood even v
though the slave had been con- f'
verted to Christianity. :t
The importation of slaves '
was made illeeal in 1808. but a ii
high birth rate and illegal slave 'f
'ecu
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doin' what you like
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