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2 - THE CAROLINA TIV.ES SAT., JUNE 4. 1877 aiod exiies BY LAURA PARKS The world's dfclomatie community and espe cially the Foreign Offices of the major powers are busy preparing lengthy position papers and accompanying publicity to justify their respec tive positions on events in Zaire. . There is general agreement that the "in vaders" of Shaba province, in southern Zaire, are former Katangese militiamen who (led their native land following the collapse of their secessionist was against the central government. They fled over the borders of Portuguese Angola and waited for the winds of fortune to change. Meanwhile, their Katangese. homeland . was renamed Shaba by the victors. -.j ; The essential question is whether or not the returning armed exiles consititute an armed foreign" invasion, or the continuation of a previously unresolved internal domestic matter. This question was present from the moement the Katangese militiamen crossed back into Shaba province five weeks ago. However, it remained in the background because important military observers, in this case the Belgians, with some support from the French believed that General Mobutu's troops would easily defeat the Katangese. Other observers, more familiar with Zaire's internal problems, concluded, that while the army and its equipment looked good on paper, its fighting morale was extremely low. Five uwlri aftr thp "invacinn" ttu fact i that Mobutu's army failed to halt the Katangese drive.- The Katangese militiamen scored im pressive victories in the heart of the copper rich provinces of the country and are in control of at least one third of the province. At this point, General Mobutu's advisors at Kinshasa, supported by the advice of various friendly governments and their international legal experts, concluded that the "invasion" would have to be regarded as the continuation of previous unresolved internal conflicts. But the matter could be given the coloration of a "foreign invasion" if evidence could be found indicating the presence of foreign supporting troops fighting along side the Katangese. The stage was now set, to appeal for outside help to combat the "foreign Invasion". To make the case convincing, Zaire broke off diplomatic relations with Cuba citing documents found on a Cuban diplomat proving that Cubans were fighting with Katangese. Various Zaire army commanders also claimed that their troops had found the bodies of Russians, Cubans and Portugese. . Not everyone believed the story. On April 5, the US declared that it lacked evidence of Cuban participation in the invasion of Zaire, From this point on the ground was cleared for some real , action. The US ostensibly cleared Its name with the Cubans by declaring their disbelief in Cuban involvement with the invaden, 'thus preserving a relationship that -might lead to improved US Cuban ties in the near future. , : At the same time, intense behind the scenes activity was under way, initiated by the French, encouraged by the Belgians and given the nod of approval by the British and the US to do some thing to shore up Mobutu's army. Direct involve ment of either Britain or the US was to be avoided for this was regarded as a possible threat to the pro-black majority rule stance the two nations have adopted toward Southern Africa. This too might give aid and comfort to Vorster of South Africa and Smith of Rhodesia, in their fight to preserve white minority rule. The solution arrived at was to have the Morroccans send 3,000 men into Zaire airlifted . in French' military planes, piloted by French airforce officers. The Morroccans were to be flown directly to the battle zone. ..The pretext of this action was to aid the Zairians against "outsiders". Morrocco has promised additional help if the Katangese advance is not halted. Some African strategists believe that the Katangese victory over the Mobutu armies would eventually result in the establishment of a leftist government in Zaire with control over the mineral wealth, now basically in European hands passing to unsympathetic Katangese leaders who would probably exact . steep payments and royalties from the economically hard pressed European copper users. Still other African watchers maintain that the Katangese militia, while not , able to defeat Mobutu's forces will be successful enough to negotiate a settlement, it is believed, would establish their near supremacy in the nation's: affairs. Part of the negotiated settlement, it is believed, would include greater Zairian control over the nation's mineral resources and increased revenues from their sales without the immediate threat of copper prices rising as fast as inflation Black Jobless Day Drop 9 In Year, Says Labor AssJ: Sbc.,Groon ? . cated a-strong push to gain ' Go" . support for African liberation Carmichael said that struggles 1 throughout, the several had criticized him for black community, including. " not denouncing . the Soviet the Christian Church. Union ; as an exploiter of Explaining that the church Africa. Carmichael said that can be used for revolutionary the thre suoeroowers had WASHINGTON (NNPA) Black unemployment, which now stands at about twelve per cent, is expected to drop to around i nine per cent within a year, said recently appointed Assistant Secretary of Labor Ernest G. Green in an address before the .. Capitol Press Club Wednesday evening at the Washington Hilton Hotel. Joining him at the session was Ms. Alexis M. Herman, Director ; of the 1 Women's Bureati. "..Both ;, Green and Herman are black. He is one of the Little . Rock Nine whom, the Army escorted in to Central High in the Arkan sas city twenty years ago A year later he graduated from the school as the first black and went on to Michigan State University : where he received BA and MA degrees. ; The speakers were intro duced by Mrs. Marian H. Hull, acting director of re search of the Booker T. Washington Foundation Cab le Communications Center end president-elect of the Capitol Press Club. In his address. Green indi cated that more political pres sure is being, applied to the Carter Administration to hold inflation in check than is being brought forth to reduce unemployment. Although $20 billion has been appro- Eriated . to fight joblessness, e expects overall unemploy- Continued on Page H U3ERATI0N (Continued From Page 1 where ' they are. let alone j, where they are going. Anyone . who is trying to stop us from v inrlrei!iru1in0 Africa istrvinc to stop us from ' understand-;f ; f torts. ing our proper ntstory, is trying to stop us from finding our correct solution, " Car michael said. Describing 'the make-up and nature of the AAPRP. Carmichael said blacks must have "a big monolithic black fist, that nipves like one, acts like oneV reacts like one. Carmichacrs speech indi- and reactionary - purposes, Carmichael urged members of the party; to go into the church ' and ' make it a re volutionary force. "We must make Christianity real," he said. r There were three marches and rallies held in D their own interests in Africa. -' . Staunchly against Zion ism, Carmichael said U. N. Ambassador Andrew Young s support i of Israel and oppo sition to the white rule in South Africa were contra dictory. Carmichael said Israel, too. was an uiegai C. on Saturday for African government oi wruie seiners I ifisratirin Much nf the nress and for Young to denouce IIS WlUllVllm w - I ... w were ' critical of the' singular, including WHUK radio station which a car michael called reactionary. He said the differences among the- three were ideological. One march of about 600 people came within one block of Malcolm X Park. Pre dominantly white, the marchers carried signs, "U. S. Corporations Out of Africa," "Yankee Imperialism Must South Africa and support v Israel was a contradiction." iV Several speakers brought expressions of support for liberation struggles in Africa, the Caribbean and the . U. S, among them were David Sibekb, representing the Pan African Congress of Anzania; Mohammed Shadid, repre- Setting -the Palestine Libera tion - Organization (PLO); a representative of the Zim babwe National Union; Paul Laracue representing Haitian revolutionaries; and Clyde Bellecourt,' of the National Council of the American Indian Movement." ..." i Damu Smith, spokesper- ' mnn fnr ttin National .Wil- JUll w. - " ,v mington 10 Defense Commi- ttee read a letter from Rev. Ben' Chavis addressed to the a prison cell in McCain, N. C. to the annual event, Chavis pledged support for the Afri can liberation struggles,-with an impassioned plea It for -support so that his next address to African: Liberation Day celebrations would not be from prison. (' : r - Music for the event was provided by the Trinidad Steel Band and Sun RA. Sun RA, a jazz musician , who rose to prominence in the 1960's, produced vibrant rhythms that held the rally's attention for forty minutes during the hottest part of the afternoon. in Europe. mmutmnntmpftHunmunmniiHr im,wm,nn(M,i,,i(niiMt,iiM,iHniimtnini(i AT DURHAM COLLEGE COMMENCEMENT Major Donald L. Miller, Vice President for Per sonnel Management at Columbia! University, delivers a stirring and . inspirational messege to the approximately 1 50 graduating seniors- and ,1he packed gymnasium c audience in attendance here Saturday,' (Photo by Ken Edmonds) THE . r:. : ' By Or. O.E. A. Toote , kiVVjl.,,,,, WfWWt,iiiliimU I IIHIII,lltHlWHmillttHHWWIIIIHItWWMll Lini.imii urn iiiiiniMMMnwnimmmnmitnmiwitr "T"""r"" mm-mJ Have you ever taken the time to ask yourself, "Who am I lis tening to, and what am I hoping to hear?" Too often, we want to hear someone blame all of our trou bles and woes on the other guy. We just don't want to face the reality that some of our problems in the Black community are the result of our being too concerned with perpetuating stereotypes.' It's time for us to soft-pedal symbolism, and start dealing with the socio-economic problems confronting the Black community. 1 Sure, 'fros, beards, clenched fists, and shouting Black power may be ccol. But they don't overcome a life of impoverishment. Our lifestyles won't improve until we reassess our prior-' ities. And improve the economy of Black America. We must concern ourselves with staying in school, conju gating verbs and improving our vocabularies. We must learn how to apply for jobs and get rid of the notion that we can make a place for ourselves simply by acting cool and dressing up like peacocks. ' Think a minute. How far has "Black language" gotten you. applying for a job or credit when you can't make yourself understood. Are you part of the high Black high scHbol drop out rate? How far have you gotten when you've applied for a job without a diploma? Are you on time for interviews? Ordo you just ease in, over dressed? Superfly finery doesn't make it at the employment agency. Do you know what kind of a job you want, or what you're qualified to do? Employment agencies don't have a category called ."anything". Sure, we're superfly style setters. But are we really benefit ing ourselves? And if you think you're benefiting Black busi nesses, just look at the labels sewn inside. They are not man ufactured by Black companies; ;' ' Isn't it time we start improving our lifestyles to make us feel proud like a peacock instead pf just looking like a peacock? A CHILD'S FEAR NOT IMAGINATION Children's fears are not sim ply imagination, C a reason. . even though not understood " by "them exists. A recent survey indicates that most grammar school children are happy with family life but fearful of the world at large. Two-thirds of the children indicated fear that "some body bad" might get into their house; a quarter were fearly that when outside someone might harm them. CWdren from broken homes were more likely to fight at school. BLACK CHILD-Black children seemed to be happi er or less unhappy. Although eight per cent of white youngsters said they felt lonely "a lot;" only sixteen per cent of black children had such feelings. FAMILY VIOLENCE A common occurrence today is violence. Recently it was reported that I J million . children are kicked, punched or bit Jen by parents; and that 46,000 parents a year attack children with knives or guns. Violent episodes occur with 15 million couples a year, during which physical injury is attempted; and 2.3 million children wield a knife or gun against a brother or sister. . SOCIAL CONSEQUENCE The persistent high unem ployment rate among blacks, teenagers, and women lias, created a Iwo-ticr society, composed of the "haves" and the "have nois." Most black children are In families where there is unem ployment. They hear the comments., of adults that racism is ' still healthy in America. Their experiences are daily wrought with the consequences of cultural poverty. . BLACK GIRLS-Young black girls realize that women in the labor market remain '1 mi "segrcgaiea occupations less opportunity for job J. upward moDUity. ,- They realize that women generally receive 63 per cent of a man's salary for compar able work; and that their future offers the probability that they will have to work t he ' majority of. 1 ife, even after becoming a mother. But what is awesome is the fear that her children may functional illeterates. FUNCTIONAL ILL1TER? ATES-Forty-two per cent of blacks are classified as func tionally illiterate Functional literacy is the ability to read simple materials such as street signs, store coupons, telephone directories and driver's license tests. The black percentage of . functional illiteracy is double that of whites. This proves the failure of the last decade to provide equal educational opportunities.' It also undcrs scores the fact that equality of results is not concomitant with eqyal 'opportunity. DREADED RESULTS There is a trauma iri Ameri can life style, much of it caused by the in sensitivity of government to redress the bias of contingencies that negatively impact. upon society. The fact that black chil dren appear happier in their homes belies the explosive atmosphere pervading the black community. ' Deep hostility well camou flaged is often ognored or not recognized. Our black child ren must believe that there can be a better tomorrow. This is our task and a re sponsibility of government If we fail, we shall dread the ' results. - mmm T . s dyf n IP i III ft ' ' ntS 1 AMEN Joe'Bfcick Vice President The Greyhound Corporation a t?zi tax:Prcp;ratica$ C:rTax Gcrvlcot ( Cbcikcaplaj; Services C":!r.:o3 Counseling SUITE 208 CROFT BLDG. 2634 CHAPEL HILL BLVD. DURHAM, N. C. Office 489-4622 Home 688-7254 WHERE YOU SAVE Does ftlalce A Difference! mm ' 'V ' 1 J 1 S to fete RATE ANNUAL YIELD TERMS MINIMUM 5.2.' C Passbook 5.39 . Flexible Anytime None 5..'0f Savings Certificate 5.6.'; 6 Months $2.,(H) 6.00', Savings Certificate 6.18 12 Months 2.00 6.:m Savings Certificates 6.72s 12 Months 5.000 6.7.ff Savings Certificate 6.98'V y,r 30 Months 5.000 1.7,m Savings Certificate 7.79'; 48 Months - - 5.000 ... ktNBCK ACCOUNTS INSURED UP TO $40,000 BY AN AGENCY OF THE U.S. GOVERNMENT 14 rAinnvnn n. iviuira j ' t r & LOAN ASSOCIATION 112 PARRISH ST. Durham, N.C 27702 DWkUwh n . all ' acceunti com wnkM daily and aid quarterly. Carfificata accounts wbjtrt ta panal ty H withdrawn btfora maturity. SAVIMGS
The Carolina Times (Durham, N.C.)
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June 4, 1977, edition 1
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