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Muhammad Ali surrounded by press photographers last Thursday when he arrived at the
London pavillion for the Charity Premiere of "Freedom Road" in aid of the Cancer Research
Fund. The film tells the story of a former slave who returns from the American Civil War and
becomes the first black senator of the United States. UPI Photo
Shortages of Engineers are Likely
to Persist in Went Ten Years
ATLANTA, GA. - In
the next ten years, shor
tages of engineers and
other high technology
graduates are likely to per
sist both in the nation and
in the South, according to
a new report from the
Southern Regional Educa
tion Board (SREB). These
manpower shortages may
be eased, however, if more
high school students take
a rigorous set of math
courses and if women and
blacks shift to the high
technology fields.
The SREB report
focuses on the relationship
between the study of
mathematics by high
school students and the
supply of high technology
manpower. "To a con
siderable extent," 'the
report maintains, "the
production of engineers,
mathematicians, physical
scientists, and computer
programmers depends on
a strong background in
mathematics."
However, women and
to create the recent boom
in higher education
enrollments have not
been very' inclined to study
mathematics in either high
school or college. Further
more, one southern state
estimates that only one
out of ten of its recent
high school graduates has
taken trigonometry, the
essential pre-calculus
course.
The report, entitled
Engineering and High
Technology Manpower
Shortages: The Connec
tion with Mathematics,
was prepared by SREB
economist Eva C. Galam
bos, who concludes that
the present low level of
participation in these high
school math courses
represents a
"fundamental constraint"
on a rapid expansion of
high technology man
power. In addition, many
school districts currently
are plagued by shortages
mathematics graduates
elsewhere in the job
market. And recent trends
in enrollments and degrees
make the current shortage
of high school math
teachers seem likely to
continue. In the South,
half as many bac
calaureate, degrees in math
were awarded in 1977-78
than just seven years .
earlier.
The nation's growing
concern with industrial
productivity and
technological achievement
is likely to spur an even
greater demand for high
technology manpower, the
report says, mirroring
America's reaction to the '
launch of Sputnik twenty
years ago. Yet the tradi
tional source of new scien
tists and engineers
young, white males will
be in short supply in the
coming years. In fact, the
absolute number of all
high school graduates In
1985 is expected to be 15
slower than ten years
In thcengineering field,
where supply and demand
tended to "roller coaster" j
over the years, ,
enrollments are surging
once again. For example,
in 1979, junior-year
enrollments were 80
greater than in 1973, and
some 62,000 to 67,000 new
engineering- bac
calaureates are expected
annually in the nation dur
ing the Eighties.
Dr. Galambos shows,
that the demand for these
engineers should remain
strong in the near future,
but she questions whether
the annual supply of new.
engineers can be maintain
ed. Many public engineer
ing schools already are at
peak capacity, and it is
difficult to rapidly shift
faculty and other
resources to high-demand
programs. Indeed, faculty
shortages in engineering
are already reported. With
the starting salaries com
manded by engineers there '
is little incentive for
students to pursue
graduate study for an
academic career. '
In the nation and in the
South, demand for
engineers is expected to
outpace supply as the pool
of 18-tr21 year olds
begins to decline. The
many specialists who cross
over to engineering from
other high technology
fields may help fill
engineering jobs. But, the
overall balance of the na
tion's technical manpower
may be adversely affected
because the physical
sciences, computer
science, and other high
technology fields are ex
periencing shortages of
their own. Dr. Galambos
suggests that industry may
resolve the impending
shortage of engineers by
shifting "engineering
technologists" into
engineering positions. Yet
such a shift would only
produce another shortage,
in the production and
maintenance areas where
such technologists are now
deployed.
Another possible con
straint on the supply of
engineers and engineering
faculty is that the number
of students who constitute,
the potential supply base
includes a growing enroll
ment of foreign students, .
many of whom are ex
pected to return home
after receiving their
degrees. The SREB report
notes that in 1978 in the
South, over one-third of
all engineering doctorates
were awarded to foreign
students.
"In short," notes Dr.
Galambos, "without
deliberate action at all
educational levels.
SAT.. DECEMBER 27. 1980
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A special place in your mind, a mellow attitude and a light, smooth taste.
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Comparing Labels
Key To Bargains
Comparing food labels can
help consumers save money,
get better nutrition and stay
informed, believes Mrs. Rachel
Kinlaw, extension food spe
cialist. North Carolina State
University.
Simply reading labels is
important, but careful com
parison of several is the real
secret of making wise buying
chokes, because different
labels can include different
kinds of information, Mrs.
Kinlaw explains. '
In comparing labels, she
THG..1SUI"ff-.?
says to look for several iype
of information - all of which
must be accurate.
Specifically, look for the
product's descriptive name, the
net weight, a list of contents,
the quality or grade if it was
graded by the U. S. Depart
ment of Agriculture or other
government agency, and the
name of the plant or company
that processed or distributed
the food.
s&ff To p
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Send FAB box tops ( any size I to:
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Box 1331
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Jan. I,
ran prows Bora.
Bring your ailing phone to her. If she can't cure it
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