Newspapers / The Carolina Times (Durham, … / Dec. 26, 1981, edition 1 / Page 13
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Countering Qaddafi U.S.-AFRICA " AN When President such. move is develop-1 Reagan took office , mg mere. Nevertheless,! nlfHopH m an nnti.Knvirt bv calling for the deoar-1 oriented foreign policy, it was npt clear what role Africa would play in1 if: Nearly a year later, the . continent's key position is ho longer in doubt. Just in the last few weeks, Reagan has engaged in a vitriolic ex- change of highly publicized charges and counter-charges with Libya's Colonel Qad- ture of tHese Americans, the administration was clearing that obstacle to any further moves it might decide to take. One linch-pin of Reagan policy, throughout the year has j been support for other j African regimes "who see this problem' as we see it," in the words of Assistant Secretary of dafi, and he has hosted State Chester Crocker, in the pro-American , Congressional testimony presidents of Zaire and Sudan at the White'. Hquse, he has dispatch 'ed Defense Secretary Casper Weinberger to Morocco and has invited Morocco's King Hassan to Washington; and he had agreed that ' Secretary of State Alex ander Haig, Jr., will visit both Morocco and Tunisia within the com ing weeks. Jonas Savimbi, whose . dissident Angolan move ment UNITA Reagan en . dorsed during the '. presidential campaign, ; received high-level access ' during his visit to ; Washington this month. ' And three : other moderate Africa leaders Nigeria's Shehu Shagari, Mauritius' Seewoosagur , Ramgoolam, and Kenya's Daniel Arap Moi were welcomed to the White House dur ing the year. In keeping with Reagan's tough cam paign rhetoric, U.S. sup port for its friends in Africa has primarily taken the form of military backing, most of it aimed at turbulent north Africa. At the same time, however, American economic and development assistance is being cut by the' Republican administra tion, even while new studies indicate that Africa's situation is more perilous than ever. President-. Reagan's TdecTs'iori last' week TO ban travel by American citizens to Libya and to, call upon 1500 American living there to get out is a continuation of a stance his administration has adopted toward the north African state, all year. It may also be a prelude to further measures. Announcing the ban, Deputy Secretary of State William Clark ac cused Libya of seeking "to undermine neighbor ing states and to work aeainst U.S. interests." These and other harsh F-16 jet fighter bombers, criticisms of Libya by 311 M-60 tanks, 550 ar in juiy. a cniei beneficiary of this pledge is Sudan which has been slated for a three-fold in crease in arms sales credits totalling $100: million. President Jaafar el Numeiry's arms orders are currently being given priority status by the Pentagon, and deliveries of M-60 tanks, F-5 air-' craft, and other supplies are expected to begin 1 within the next few ! weeks. . Tunisia, 'another Li byan neighbor, is also receiving a large boost in arms sales credits. The, administration is asking fdt $95 million for the Tunisian military in 1932, and a joint military command has been set up to formalize contacts between the two countries. During the 1981 fiscal year Tunisia received $15 million from Washington. Most of this year's credits will go the purchase of M-60 t,anks. . . . j It is Egypt, however, which has remained thej foeus of U.S. military; and diplomatic strategies; in the region. Prior to President Anwar Sadat's, assassination in October, the U.S. had speeded up arms deliveries to Egyp tian military and secured the use of the Red Sea port of Ras Banas for U.S: troops. The ad ministration also decided to add $900 million in military sales credits for i98338to-ther;$3 .kbilltorr already approved by the Carter administration, and promised Sadat to ask Congress to spend some $500 million to im prove facilities at Ras Banas, strategically situated just across the Red Sea from the new Saudi oil pipeline. The Reagan ad ministration also pushed hard toi begin deliveries of modern arms by the end of the year. As part of the $3.5 billion deal with Carter, Cairo has. requested some forty r--'Yvv IvO 'Cv'.-r-fe 11 5 i'o m 1 SAT. , DECEMBER 26, 1981 THE CAROLINA TIMES 13 Six Promotions Announced At NCCU Chancellor Albert N. Department of English, Whiting has announced : Robert Kennedy of the the promotions of six of Department of Art, and BUSY WEEK FOR UNCF Lou Rawls (left), the United Negro College Fund's national honorary chairman, concluded recent media tour through Chicago, Detroit, Dallas and Los Angeles promoting "The Lou Rawls Parade of Stars" television special which airs soon in those cities to raise funds for UNCF. With him at news media luncheon in Los Angeles are David S. Cunn ingham, Los Angeles City Councilman, and Way man F. Smith, III, vice president of corporate affairs, Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc. The Parade of Stars entertainment special is produced through a grant from Anheuser-Busch Com panies, Inc. to benefit the 41 privately owned black colleges and universities of the UNCF. within a week of Presi dent Reagan's inaugura tion and 48 hours after: the release .of the! hostages, Ulric Haynes,; President Carter s am bassador to Algeria, was instructed to inform the; Algerian government that U.S. restrictions on arms sales to Morocco had been lifted. Haynes criticized the move sharply. The Algerians, while refrain ing from public condem nations of U.S. policy, were clearly angered by news that the Pentagon had received the go ahead for deliveries of 108 M-60 tanks and six OV-10A counter insurgengy aircraft. One. prominent Algerian editor interviewed by the Washington Post said the decision indicated Reagan "was going to try to carry out the hard line, anti-Soviet, to-hell-with-the-Third World j policies which Watergate ' and the Vietnam war debacle prevented". Richard Nixon from pur suing. Explaining in March Congressional testimony that, the Rgajgan jad-, . ministration would no' longer "make decisions on military equipment sales explicitly condi tional on unilateral Moroccan attempts to show progress toward a peaceful negotiated set tlement," a State Departmentofficial said: "This position is consis tent with our behavior toward other traditional and historical friends of the U.S." He said the administration was plan ning to go ahead with the $182 million tank deal,, ,as well as the $230 restore the balance as it stood at the time the king made his referendum proposal to the OAU." Specifically, the U.S. made "a hurried effort to get them some elec- milhon sale approved by tronic counter-measure the Carter administra- type equipment and tion of twenty F-5E bombers and OV-10 reconnaisance aircraft. In addition, another $30 million in military sales credits were requested for 1982. King Hassan's pro posal in June at the Organization of African Unity summit for a referendum in Western Sahara encourages U.S. officials in the belief their policy was working. Then, in October,. Moroccan troops suf-; fered defeat in a decisive battle at Guelta Zem-; mour, and intelligence sources said POLISARIO for the,, first time used Soviet-- chaff dispensers for their F-5 s," another official explained. Both are used to reflect the radar which SAM-6's use to trace an ' aircraft in the air. U.S. officials believe the Moroccan military cannot absorb, or make effective use, of any ad ditional equipment at this time, beyond what is in the pipeline for them. In addition, the rush sales of military equip ment all across North Africa has strained U.S. resources. Addressing this issue in an August press con ference, Haig said that as "a consequence of a long period of neglect here in the United States of our own industrial complex," there are usually "long delays" between a military sales agreement and delivery. To offset the delays in the future, he said, the North Carolina Central University's faculty members to higher academic rank. Mrs. Courtney Ferguson of the Depart ment of Business Educa tion and Administrative Services was promoted from instructor to assis tant professor. Mrs. Ferguson, a member of the NCCU faculty since 1973, holds both the bachelor of science in commerce and the master of science degrees from North Carolina Central. ' Promoted from assis tant professor to associate professor were Dr. Desretta McAllister of the School of Library Science and Dr. Jess J. Bowe of the Department of Political Science. Dr. McAllister holds the bachelor of arts degree from Bennett Coilege, the master of science in library science degree from Atlanta University, and the of the Department Sociology. Dr. Randall joined tl NCCU faculty in 1 She holds the bachelor c arts degree from Juniat. College, the master o, arts degree from the University of Pennsylvania-and the Ph.D. degree from the Univer sity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Kennedy, who is a noted sculptor, joined the NCCU faculty in 1964. He holds the5 bachelor of arts degree from Mexico City Col lege and the master: of. fine arts degree from the University of Michigan. Dr. Lipscomb, who is director of the universi ty's Academic Skills Center and Assistant to the Chancellor, holds the bachelor of arts and master of library science degrees from North Carolina Central Univer sity, and the master of science and Ph.D. Ph.D. dureee from the degrees from UNC- University of Pittsburgh. Chapel Hill. She joined Dr. Bowe, who is direc tor of NCCU's Criminal Justice Program, holds the bachelor of science degree from West Pentagon has asked to 1 Virginia State College, establish a contingency fund for 1983 to pur chase some equipment ahead and prepare for contingencies. Dial 682-2913 For News Service the master ot science degree from Eastern Kentucky University, and the Ph.D. degree from Duke University. Dr. McAllister joined the NCCU faculty in 1973, Dr. Bowe in 1971. Promoted from associate professor to professor were Dr. ' Phyllis Randall of the - - the INCCU racuity in 1974 and had previously been a member of the university's library staff. ' Other promotions in volving tenure awards re main subject to approval of the University of North Carolina Board of Governors and will be . announced in January. Subscribe To The Carolina Times Call Today 682-2913 maae aivi-o sunace-to- a- air missiles and T-54'"J; tanks. Morocco lost some five planes in the battle, including an American-supplied C-130-lfahs1$brfriwo Mirage jets, and F-5 , and I , . a Puma i fieIiCopteTf7 . Hassan immediately appealed to Washington for additional assistance. "We are making a limited response," one official involved said.: "We feel the introduc tion of the Soviet equip ment ups the ante, as ft were, and we feel obligated to try to f ' i HAPPX - senior administration of ficials, including the president, have been made in the context of an ' alleged plot by Qaddafi to assassinate Reagan. Qaddafi has denied the charge and has said; the U.S. is trying to kill him. Neither government has produced evidence to back up these claims. moured personnel car riers, fifteen CH-47 helicopters, 129 vehicles to tow damaged tanks' off the field, a Hawk; missile batter, 125 anti tank missile launchers and more. Though not so directly involved in the U.S. , showdown with Col. Qaddafi, Morocco, too, Nevertheless, the con- 'has been given a high tinuing highly-charged priority. King Hassan II U.S. campaign against Qaddafi has fueled speculation that even more steps are in the works. Although one State Department of ficial who briefed has proved a staunch Arab ally for the Western powers, offer ing assistance on both African and Middle Eastern issues. In the past Hassan s forces reporters said, "We rule have been called into ac out nothing, we plan tion as far away as Zaire nothing," other officials have said serious con tingency planning regar ding Libya has been under way for months. Attention has focused both on economic measures and on military action. Some American political leaders have called for a boycott of Libyan oil, a step many observers believe the ad ministration is getting closer to taking, But some experts have op posed this action and other steps which, they argue, work against U.S to hejp put down rebellions against Western-baked President Mobutu Sese Seko. Morocco's need for active military support has been fed by the war in Western Sahara, which pits the king's forces against the POLISARIO in dependence movement that has been fighting for Saharan self determination for six i years. While Algeria is' the main backer of POLISARIO, Libya has also provided heb. interests and make Qad-: Because of the complex dafi seem to be a more 'ties of the Saharan con major figure really is. ' U.S. officials have worried that the 1500 Americans living in Libya, complicate the than he "ict, Carter officials had . pursued a policy of limited arms sales to Morocco while ; simultaneously en- couraging the king to & I U LMLiim I n s 5 , , - :$$in - v -Vt ivi hc lwfi " 4 -v ' situation, since they J negotiate could be the focus of 'retaliation. Recent American visitors to the country report, however, 'that' there have been no, signs that sentiment for Algeria, ot course. played an important in termediary role in winn ing freedom for the American hostages held in Iran. Nevertheless, May the Spirit of Christmas which is Peace fill your hearts with love and contentment this Holiday Season. Saint Joseph's A.M.E. Church 2521 Fayette ville St. We wish you great joy this Christmastide...may love and peace abide with you and yours all through the holiday season and in days to come. American TetoaiccdT) Coo A- -V. 4 ' V 4 Dial 683-1374
The Carolina Times (Durham, N.C.)
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Dec. 26, 1981, edition 1
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