1 United Nations
,Recently. our new Secretary of Slate. George
Shultz, called in the former Secretary, Henry Kiss
inger, for consultations. Mr. Shultz is on the wrong
track. For.it was Henry Kissinger who is responsible
for the tragic events in Lebanon today.
It was this eccentric official during the Ford years
ttmvtt3S&& I Gut Of The Middle East
I Keep Henry Kissinger
with the Palestinian Liberation Organization
must state here that I fervently believe blood is
on Dr. Kissinger's hands. He is in (he same boat .
with Prime Minister Mcnachcm Begin of Israel and
his death-dealing Defense Minister Ariel Sharon.
With the ruthless practice of military censorship.
General Sharon has put forth the big lie that only a
few hundred souls have died in Beirut. Yet the
world community and its international organiza
tions, along with the roving television cameras, pro-r
vc that thousands have died from Israeli aerial bom
bardment, big guns and tanks. The, International
Red Cross. I he Red Crescent Societies of thd Arab '
World; the organs of the Catholic and World
church groups plus volunteer medical teams know
of the widespread carnage perpetrated on the"
Lebanese and Palestinians alike by the likes of Mr.
Begin and General Sharon.;
KISSINGER'S OWN WORDS
Former Secretary Kissinger, a charismatic fellow
with a protracted European accent, ljas attracted a
lot of press and several books which chronicle his
actions, his shortcomings and h unforgivable
stupidity which have delayed a home land for the
Pilcstituan people. ......
The Kalb brothers, Marvin. and Bernard, now at
ABC Television,1 have written a definitive book
Kissinger. They seem so kind to this man. perhaps
hecause the Kalbs are often so obvious pro-Zionist
md so is their hero. They share the affinity inherent
?icir etnnic origin. Bruce Mazhsh has also con
iribced kind words in his Kissinger 77ft? Euro
pean Mind In American Policy.
There are other books about Mr. Kissinger. But
in researching why there has been no movement by
America in dealing with the PLO. I find Mr. Kiss-
. . i i i : 1 1:..
inuer s views mosi lniormauve anu rcvcdimy.
book. Henry Kissinger For l he Record (Selected t
Statements) 1977-1980. 1 quote him directly snow
ing his illogic on blocking the PLO and his bias in
behalf of Israel:
"...The Proposition that establishing a PLO state
would contribute to the tranquility of the area lacks
any factual basis: quite the opposite is likely to be
I
By Curtis T. Perkins &
true. I question the obsession with introducing the Israeli military In their camps in Lebanon. .
PLO into the negotiations not simply because of its ; V I would urge that Egypt under the leadership of
rejection of the United Nations Security Council -President Hosm Mubarak make the west nan ana
Resolution 242, but above all because of its radical-
ami-American and anti-Western policies: ji's close
affiliation with and. occasional leadership . f all ft
radical forces hostile to us in the Middle vEast (in
cluding those Iranians holding our hostages):. its
training of terrorists on a global basis; and its in
timate cooperation - with Soviet f intelligence ,
organizations. The PLO in its present incarnation.
beyond its implacable enmity to Israel, supports all
forces assaulting the present international structure.
As long as it pursues such a course, it deserves "
.' Western opposition, not encouragement.
The prevailing' theory is that the. PLO would
become more moderate after its demands were
satisfied I see no evidence for this; indeed all
evidence to the contrary. An independent PLO state,
in current circumstances will have every incentive to
attempt to subvert nearby moderate governments,
especially Jordan, if only to escape the inevitable
demilitarization provisions without which no Israeli
withdrawal of any extent is conceivable.
' Finally, I see no sign that such a group, with its
ideology and its affiliations, is waiting only for a
pretext to become a group of agrarian reformers in
a pacifist West Bank mini-state. But the last thing ;
the Middle East needs is another radical state in the -
region attacking all existing institutions. This is not
merely against the interests of the United States; it
is also against tne interests oi moaeraic Arao states r
in whose well-being we have a stake. These coun
tries understand this perfectly well, whatever their,
public statements, but the flirtation with the PLO
compounds their vulnerability...."
How Mr. Kissinger concluded such a callous
policy toward the Palestinian people is beyond
belief. The PLO and its followers have no where to,
go. By being denied settlement on the West Bank
and Gaza as the nucleus of their own nation they,
are being subjected to annihilation the terroristic1
Ellis Media Report
Minority Media Ownership:
Fact and Fiction
By Dwight M. Ellis
J
Ownership of media enterprises by minorities is a
growing phenomenon fueled by knowledge among
informed minorities that ownership brings greater
control and power. What Robert Maynard,
publishereditor of the Oakland Tribune, described
in 1979 as the "unseen environment" of non-white
America is not different from what Ralph Ellison
author of The Invisible Man, stated in 1946: "A
people must define itself, and minorities have the
responsibility of having their ideas and images
recognized as part of the composite image which is
that of the litill forming American people." - ;
!v, electronic mediae's" h hwv
How well are minorities doing in media 'owner
ship? Will it make a significant difference? Over 26
million black Americans representing a $140 billion
consumer market can claim only 117 black-ownct ,
radio stations of 7,993 commercial stations, In
1978, blacks owned 57 of the nation's 7,571 com-.
mcrcial radio stations. Of the 783 commercial TV
stations, blacks own eleven. It's also instructive to
know that these 128 stations are owned by 82
blacks. : ', . '.
Cable reveals a more dismal picture. According '
to TVC magazine (Dec. 1981), 16 of the more than
4,000 cable systems in the U.S. are owned by
blacks. Only three systems arc operational. William
Johnson, president of KBLE (Columbus, Ohio),
states that during the early sixties as many as 50
black-owned cable systems or franchise holders ex
isted in urban areas. Lack of experience and vital
resources to service their franchise areas resulted in
the loss of these cable gains.
However, recent breakthroughs in the cable pro
gramming area by Robert Johnson's Black Enter
tainment Television and Percy Sutton's WBLS Ur-
ban Contemporary Music and Entertainment Net
work are promising gains. Clearly programming
represents a major business area for minorities. The
two black radio networks, Sheridan and National
Black Network arc anticipating significant increases
in affiliates and diversity of program fare Id
listeners as they make greater use of satellite broad
casting. -.'Ov .., ;.'
Dewey Hughes, owner; or WOL (Wash., D.C.)
recently said that information programming will
have major emphasis in the 1980's as he commented
an the role of black radio in the communities they
terve: "Radio stations are not going to save our
immunities, they're going to equip our com
nunities to save themselves.' Hughes speaks as a
Mack who 18 years ago started as a 'gofer at WOL
when it was white-owned.
Hispanic-Americans; numbering 15 million with
mrchasing power of $30 billion, arc the second
argest U.S. minority group. They, like blacks, arc
triving for greater parity of control and ownership
f the media. Currently, 25 Hispanics own 28 radio
tations and 3 TV stations. The number of Spanish
anguage stations. is increased notably when stations
wned by Spanish International Network arc in
luded. '
Eleven Hispanic-owned cable franchises exist,
ut only four arc operational according to TVC
nagazine. As might be expected, these franchises
ue predominately held in the Southwest where
arge segments of Hispanics reside.
,;,..v, PRINT MEDIA
Newspapers and magazines have always held a
special place in the lives of minorities especially
blacks. Today, there are over 400 newspapers (Pour
daily papers: Atlanta Daily World,-Chicago Daily
Defender. N.Y. Daily Challenge, and the Daily
News of the Virgin Islands) and 22 national
magazines, with a combined average issue circula
tion of 7 million copies penetrating 80 per cent of
U.S. black households.
"According to Diaria l a Prensa (NY. Spanish
newspaper), there are over I (X) Spanish language
weeklies and approximately -six dailies (Miami, Los
Angeles, New York and Ei Paso, Texas papers).
As formidable as this range of minority print
media may appear, all arc facing possible exiine
tion. It goes: without saying that if two of the na
lion's major dailies failed lo survive Tlie
Washington Star and the morning New York Daily
News, the largest circulation American
metropolitan daily minority print media is in
trouble!
There is a fiction that minority ownership of both
electronic and print media can grow and survive the
wave of economic impoverishment and burgeoning
technology. Despite newspapermagazine cross
ownership activities of vanguards like Ragan Henry
(multi-station owner and owner of the new national
black weekly newspaper, The National Leader): Dr.
Carlton Goodlett (owner of a California radio sta
tion and a northern California newspaper): and
John Johnson (owner of Johnson publications and
one of Chicago's leading radio stations) minority
print ownership like its electronic counterpart is
fraught with dire pitfalls and economic dangers.
'WPrts$:ffi
' Newspaper 'ubfisJici.'ssidaibnf,waS' quoted in ' 1
September, 1981 stating that as many as 39 million
Americans (20 per cent of the adult population) can
be classified as functional illiterates: "only a few of
them can read even the comics or sports sections."
The report went on to say that "if 39 million
citizens are! functional illiterates, and millions more
can read but choose not to, newspaper people must
be concerned for the future of their business."
'And what does this mean(for the black press? In
his keynote address at the National Newspaper
Publishers Association convention in July of last
year, president John Procope recommended that
NNPA members adopt a five-year plan to
strengthen themselves editorially, in advertising and
in circulation.
Further, Black Media', Inc. has launched as
"Assault-On-HIiteracy-Program" (A-O-I-P) to
overcome the tragedy reported by a 1980 federal
government study that 44 per cent of all black youth
cleaving public schools at age 18 and over could not
read beyond the fourth grade level- Meanwhile
according to many newspaper experts, the death
knell is sounding, for many major metropolitan
papers leaving urban communities with one major
daily. An example is D.C.'s Washington Pqst.
Several print media giants like Time, Inc., Knight
Riddcr and the Associated Press are incorporating
their operations with the Ihree technologies of the
80's: the computer, the satellite, and the television
set. The era of the electronic newspaper is upon us.
As much as the minority media is committed to
serving its constituencies, spiraling equipment and
facility costs, inability to capture a reasonable share
of advertising dollars, and shrinking financial
? resources threaten progress and survival. In broad
casting, despite special FCC policies encouraging
minprilv ownership and, the existence of three
broadcast MESBIC's (Minority Enterprise Small
Business Investment Companies), insufficient equi
ty capital and inflated station prices work severe
hardships on prospective minority owners. Once a
station is purchased by a minority, problems in
variably occur in acquiring advertiser support to
sustain healthy operation of these facilities. With
radio deregulation, , many minority broadcasters
low on. promotion capital face stiff competition in
an open marketplace. The highly touted godsend to
minority TV ownership, low power television, no
longer seems so viable. Over 6,000 applications
have been filed at the FCC. Some estimate that
about 400 are from minorities. To date, only two
minorities (black women) have been granted
licenses - one from Knoxvillc. Tennessee and one
from Magstaff, Ariona.
It is estimated that 75 per cent, of newspaper
revenues come ', from advertisers. Minority
newspapers have always failed to get a reasonable
share of the advertiser dollar. Many advertisers
claim thai black newspapers don't adequately
represent their circulation figures to attract them.
'. This dispute has been waging for decades.
Nonetheless, industry sources state thai advertisers
allocate less than I per cent of measured magazine
outlays to black magazines. This figure can general
ly be applied to black newspapers as well. Clarence
Smith, president of Essence, magazine said in
, . Advertising Age last year that "to the extent that
blacks do not fare well, black magazines will noi
fare well."
As bleak as the future appears for the growth anj
continued existence of minority media ownership,
there will always be determined and courageous
minority entrepreneurs who will pick up the
gauntlet and forge ahead. It never has been, nor will
it ever be easy being a minority in America. But the
(Continued on Page 16)
Gaza open to the Palestinians as Inherent in the
.shattered Camp David agreement. The Palestinians
trapped in Lebanon could have a place to go now.
U Mr: Mubarak is key to correcting Kissinger's er
rors. He seems well on his way. '-
During his many years as security adviser to
President Richard Nixon and, subsequently his
Secretary of State and also to President ' Gerald
Ford Mr; Kissinger shuttled to the Middle East
with leverage but frozen in his own intransigence
and that of his client Israel. I challenge that he
served as our American Secretary of State in this
unholy debacle. '.
; ECHOES OF JOHN FOSTER DULLES
Unfortunately, on the PLO matter. Dr. Kissinger
smelts- of the late Secretary of State John Foster
Dulles. This Secretary lost Cuba to Russia for us by .
imposing an intolerable embargo on President Fidel
Castro following his successful revolution. Mr.
Dulles also imposed a policy of no talks with Cuba,
'which have persisted in kind (desplte'a'few feeble
efforts toward reconciliation) even today. Mr.
Dulles also pursued, like many of his successors, ig
noring the Peoples Republic of China and several
other so-called communist nations. Although a
relationship was re-established during the Nixon-
t Kissjnger era with the Peoples Republic, Kissinger's
dict of not doing business with the PLO in behalf
of peace in the Middle East remains at this moment
intact.
Another great sin Mr. Kissinger committed was
to encourage the late Shah of Iran to raise the price
of oil. This was done to cover the cost of
sophisticated planes and weaponry provided by the
United States.
Of course the Arabs got the blame which is wrong
toddy
; ' 'president REAG AN SHOULD IGNORE
KISSINGER
I have no empathy or love for the Reagan Ad
ministration. But 1 do wish our new Secretary of
State, Mr. Shultz. well. Already this economist,
government official and business man has a good
record of having blacks on his staff. While
Secretary of Labor, his chief Assistant Secretary
was a black Republican. There were several assis
tant black deputies. Mr. Kissinger had no such iden
tity with us. Furthermore, his policy toward Africa
was of no consequence. Nigeria rejected a visit pro
ffered by him. He did nothing in South Africa
against apartheid or for freedom for Namibia. He
had disdain for the United Nations.
President Reagan does not need Mr. Kissinger
and especially in the Middle East . Secretary Shultz
needs to create new initiatives and a prime one is
to deal with the PLO leadership directly and to give
the Palestinians their own country. This issue has to
be settled now. Blood must stop flowing against a
people who want and must have their own fulfill
ment of their determination to be together and free.
Not only must Mr. Reagan and Mr. Shultz stamp
out the, lack of-toresigm ot tne Kissingers oui
4J..-.
SATURDAY. AUGUST 21, 1S32-TKE CAf.CU"A Tl":$-15
! Zionist activists such as Howard Squandron, chair-,
' man of major Jewish organizations. Attorney
Squandron represents a clacque of loud mouths
who hate Palestinians, the PLO and Arabs general
ly , . ; . . ''; : '
Mr, Squandron has been in Lebanon,' sending
back reports to such journals as the New York Post
- trying to keep support for Mr. Begin and
General Sharon. He goes ' shrillingly on in h -statements
on the great good that Israel is doing for
the world with his holocaust on the Palestinian peo
ple. He is also tryng to sell the myth that the;
casualties are low. fie has the complicity of New
' York Post columnists James A- Wcchsler and Max
Lerner in this charade. ' f -
Regardless of the facts, the "Israel can do no
- wrong" group of columnists go madly on their way.
They claim a great advantage in the carnage, by
Israel in Lebanon. They include R. Emmett Tyrdl. T
George Will, Joseph Kraft and editor of Commen
tary Magazine Norman Podhoretz. Mr. Podhdretz
sees the slaughter in Beirut as "breathing new life"
. in Camp David. These gentlemen have other jour
nalists and well known editors who are even more
vehement against the PLO and its people on their
side. v ,
I am happy to point out New York 77ncr'colum- -nists
Anthony Lewis and Tom Wicker and Richard
Cohen of the Washington Post do see the rape of
the Palestinians and the wanton waste of Lebanon
as bad for world peace and patently wrong. I.F.
Stone, who used to publish a newsletter but still
writes, is even more critical of Messrs. Kissinger.
Begin and Sharon. I am encouraged that the
academic community has taken up the cause of the
Palestinians. Among these are Professors Herbert
Kelman and Sana Hassan of Harvard; Profs.
Douglas S. Crow of Columbia. Nathan Glazer of
Harvard and Seymour Martin Lipset of Stanford
and David Saad of Washington, D.C. Many more
intellectuals are speaking out.
I am very proud of our black-controlled press
throughout the United States for not only criticizing
Israel, Kissinger and the paranoia of their admirers,
but the ferocity of many American Zionists.
THE BLACK STAKE
The U.S. Congress is not saying one word about
the billions we give Israel each year in war goods,
direct aid, philanthropy and bond purchases.
This money should remain at home to help
rebuild the infrastructures of our urban centers,
provide jobs and housing especially for us
blacks.
The carnage by Israel in Lebanon will cost
billions more all from the American taxpayers.
The U.S. can no longer pay for the expansionist
goals of Israel. Congress needs to investigate the ex
penditures in this mess. We mu$t respect our Arab
friends, for they have oil which we need as against
only rhetoric from Israel.
Blacks must be reminded, we are quietly getting
thousands of immigrants in a big stream from Israel
as a result of the action in Lebanon. We have over
250.000 such people in New York City alone, who
do not want to serve in the Israeli Army, live with
3-digit inflation and pay high taxes. They take jobs
and philanthropic aid from us blacks.
That is why we must never again listen to the
Kissingers, the Begins, the Sharons and the Squan
drons. Again, Mr. President keep Mr. Kissinger out of
the Middle East, the State Department and the
White House. His narrow-mindedness has already
cost many lives and billions of scarce American
. dollars.
1 1E,!I
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