14-TIS C&SouiM nSES-i-MTUSSAYi CCtCMH SS, 1KI
NEEDED IW.lVHfTED COAWUNITY LEADERSHIP
BLACK FOLKS THEMSELVES ARB
COIHG TOHAVe.ro UOftKOUTMNV
OFTH&ROUH PROBLEMS,lfSTFAP OF
LEAVING f TUP TO THE GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES AND PROGRAMS'.'
, ! ROYUILKINS
Editorial
Beware That Evil Day
Sunday is Halloween, and though danger and fear abound,
people still blindly jobserve it.
Mayor Mar kham has designated Saturday as the date for
Halloween in Durham.
All around the country, police departments, local government
officials, church arid civic groups have issued long lists of warn
ings to parents aboiit taking their children out to get treats or play
, tricks'.; ' j . .
Some hospitals have agreed to x-ray "goodies' ' free to make
sure they're free of Vazor blades, straight pins, and other ,
dangerous items. But even if you avoid that, there's always the
chance that candy, fruit "and other "treats" will be laced with '
poison. '
So why do we eyen bothek, to take the chance?
Why 3q we dress our children, whom we daim to love, in
costumes as witchs devils, hobgoblins, ghosts and phantoms
and subject them being seriously injured or even killed because
we live in a world jof sick; sick people?
Is it possible that we are "forced" to follow this ancient
1 custom, this hallowing of the dead, because we have given up our
ability to think forjourselves and surrendered blindly to so-called ,
tradition? i
Please think aboiut it before you take your children out Satur
day or Sunday night; Ask yourself if the tradition was to toss
your lovely child, whom you love dearly, into a burning furnace,
just to see if heshe could escape, would you do it? :
If the answer isjno, then ask; why am I tossing my child to
Halloween? The answer might surprise you and shock you to stay
at home, out of danger.
We hope so!
If there is no struggle, there is no progress. Those who propose
to favor freedom and yet depreciate agitation are men who want
crops without plowing up the ground. They want rain without
thunder and lightning. They want the ocean 's majestic waves
without the awful roar of its waters. ;,
" . Frederick Douglass
To Be EquaF1 .
Pentagon's Turn For Cuts
By John E.Jacob
Executive Director, National Urban League
Shooting Raises Questions
The fatal shooting of Danny Lee Winstead by Lt. Edward
Godley of the Dukei Public Safety Office raises serious questions
about how we train officers to shoot to kill.
There is no evidence at this pointy though we hasten to add that
the investigation continues, to indicate that either of the officers
present attempted to disarm or disable Winstead before he was
killed. ",; ;
Therein lies the tragedy of this incident.
Information released so far indicates that Winstead had a
history of mental illness. There was no way for the officers to
know that. J
Winstead was wielding a deadly weapon. The officers were in
danger.. But. nothing! that we know at this point justifies his death.
It seems to us that police officer training should include the '
idea of disarming or'disabling a dangerous person before the of
ficer chooses to shoot to kill.
The problem of Winstead's death goes well beyond the usual
outrage of a senseless killing. The man was not a criminal. There
is no indication thai had he lived he would have been of any un
due danger to society.
We all need to jthink about that. Mental problems are in
discriminatory. Any of us, sane today, could be in a Durham
parking lot swinging a two by four at cars tomorrow. As farfetch
ed as that might sound today, ask yourself nevertheless, if it ,
should happen would you want to face an officer who goes from
warning shots to killing shots? Wrestle with that one as we mourn
Winstead and wonder who it will be tomorrow?
The Administration's policy of cutting
taxes and domestic spending while sharply
' expanding the Pentagon's share of the
budget has led to record federal deficits.
So pressure is beginning to build for
cuts in military spending. There is alarm
at a defense budget that will eat up $21 6
billion in 1983, withNscheduled rises to
$350 billion by 1987. Business leadersin
cluding many 1 whose companies : hold
lucrative military procurement contracts,'
are voicing fears that spending on that
scale will abort any economic recovery
that may take place in the coming mon- -ths.
The important thing to note is that the
'new resistance to throwing money at the
military is coming not from traditional
; doves, who would be expected to fight
large boosts in the Pentagon's budget, but
from confirmed hawks. They are increase
ingly vocal in objecting not only to the
scale of spending plans, but also to the
degree of . waste in military procurement
programs and to the necessity for buying
some of the expensive weapons systems in
the pipeline.
They are right. It is time to place
military spending under the same tight
scrutiny reserved for domestic programs,
and to make cuts deep enough to restore
programs that help the national defense
by strengthening our economy and its
human resources.
This can be done without endangering
national defense. Some costly new
'weapons only increase national insecurity
while busting the budget. '
' The notorious MX missle system, for '
example, will cost some $25 billion in its
latest "dense pack"version. It got the
"go" signal at about the same time that a
panel of experts reported that land-based
' missiles of any kind are outdated. Any '
version of the MX would be vulnerable to
enemy attack, they say. And all are agreed
that the MX bill will mount through the
inevitable cost overruns.
The Pentagon itself admitted that costs
for 37 weapons systems were $4 J billion
higher than originally estimated. And
that's just for one year 1981. The cost
of one of those systems rose by 167 per
cent; another rose 53 per cent, or $250
million equal to what the Administra
tion wanted to cut from the nutrition pro
gram that feeds pregnant women and
children.
1 Pentagon cost estimates are continually
being revised upward; anytime the
government puts a dollar figure on a new
weapons systems, the true ultimate cost
will be far higher. '.
And some of those weapons are
dubious at any price. A new navy cruiser
with a one billion dollar price tag was
recently found to be so overweight that its
projected speed was sharply lowered and '
questions have been raised about its tipp
ing over in rough seas.
The troubled-plagued M-l tank will
cost $20 billion plus overruns, but field
tests indicate it breaks down after only 44
miles. In a simulated battle test, half the
tanks were out of operation after, five
days. The M-l spends more time in the
repair shops than in the field.
Few defense observers believe the B-l
bomber is necessary or even that it meets
the need for a modern bomber. It would
1 be active for only a few years until a new
bomber j now in the w&rks, is ready. The
cost about $40 billion.
Then there is the plan for adding two
nuclear-powered aircraft carriers for
about $7 billion. But the price tag does
not include the cost of the small fleets of
ships required to protect each carrier.
It doesn't make sense to keep pouring
billions down the Pentagon's bottomless
pit at a time of national depression,
record deficits, and deep cuts in. people
programs that weaken our society and our
defense. ;
With scandalous cost overruns break
ing the budget, with military waste
estimated by some government figures in
the range of $15 billion a year, andwith
no indication that those expensive new
weapons make us safer, it's time to slam
on the brakes in military spending.
And that means not a little trimming
here and there, but a full-scale review tf
defense needs and the total elimination of
weapons systems that are of dubious utili
ty, applying the strictest cost-benefit standards.
Scrutinizing The Candidates
By Congressman Augustus F. Hawkins
One of the most haunting refrains
which I recall from the 1980 Presidential
election was the comment that, "there's
not much difference between the can
didates." It was difficult to understand
this comment because the differences bet
ween the candidates were quite clear
and I think history and many millions of '
Americans will agree with me on this
point now that President Reagan has been
in office more than a year and a half.
As this election season approaches, it is
particularly important that voters devote
some time to sorting through the issues as
they decide which of the candidates will
get their vote. This is especially so in light
of the effects we are now seeing as a result
of the selection of Ronald Reagan to the
Presidency.
Proclaiming that his election signaled
the desire of the American people to see
drastic change in the Federal government,
President Reagan set about to take the
country back through a time warp. Who
can forget his comment that he never
knew the country had a problem with race
relations. And I guess he feels we would
all be better off if there. were no Social
Security system as evidenced by his desire
to dismantle the program. Though Presi
dent Reagan went to college, and as a
result has seen many opportunities come "
his way, he must feel that we would all be
better off with a less educated populace
after all, the less people know, the less
they can protest for change. And make no
mistake, it important to be careful in the
choice of our elected officials as their
decisions affect us all quite significantly.
It would be hard to find any American
who has not been personally effected by
the sweeping changes which President
Reagan and his conservative cohorts in.
the Congress have sought to bring about.
From the 1981 tax cut (which yielded the
average worker approximately $1 .00 more
per paycheck) to the 1982 tax increase (the
largest peace time tax increase in U.S.
history) all of us are affected by the
. policies, coming put of the White House
fljnpe npwjConiiicing!t ,
It is not only the' ttrffeft tftflents, poor
children and the elderly who have felt the
influence of President Reagan's policies.
Consider the millions of Americans who
have been added to the, unemployment
rolls while President Reagan allows
unemployment to rise as the inflation rate
comes down. And one important point,
the reduction in the inflation rate for
which President Reagan takes credit is
largely as a result of the stabilization of
petroleum prices something President
Reagan has no control over.
At any rate, the problem of letting
unemployment rise even though the infla
tion rate comes down is that by the time
the inflation rate reaches zero, the rate of
employment will be probably zero.
Proposed changes in the Department of
Labor's Office of Contract Compliance
have meant that the enforcemnt of equal
employment opportunity laws with regard
to Federal contractors (who are paid with
the tax dollars of all citizens) have been
relaxed, thus lessening the assurance of
equal employment opportunity for
minorities who might seek work with such
contractors.
Perhaps the most chilling changes have
come in the Equal Employment Oppor
tunity Commission and the Justice
Department. Both of these agencies have
drastically reduced their pursuit of the
principle of protecting the rights of all
Americans.
I seriously doubt that had President
Carter been re-elected we would have seen
such drastic changes in the conduct of the
Federal government. It is inconceivable to
me that Carter would have attacked the
disadvantaged as savagely as Reagan has.
And, in addition, I do not think we would
have such enormous deficits as we have
rolled up as a result of Reagan's gorging
of the military budget.
So, the next time someone tells you that
there is no, or very little difference bet
ween candidates for public office,
remember the events arising from the
presidential election of 1980.
t-.-ri--;X:
Are Black Americans Being Soul'd Out?
By Joseph Gardner
Chief of Staff, Operation PUSH &
Rational Coordinator of the Anheuser-Busch Boycott Campaign
There areNeertain implications in the
current fight between Operation PUSH,
the Chicago-based civil rights organiza
tion which is headed by The Reverend
Jesse Jackson, and Anheuser-Busch, the
St. Louis-based .beverage firm, which are
'deeply disturbing to all of us who are con
cerned about black progress in this, our
native, land. After we have audited the
actions N of certain blacks who are
beholden to the company, we are forced
to ask: Are we being soul'd out... and
sold out as well? ;
. Almost a year and a half ago, Rev.
Jackson wrote a letter to August A. Busch
III, Chairman and President of Anheuser
Busch, requesting a meeting for the pur
pose of negotiating a reciprocal trade
agreement. Busch refused to meet with
Rev. : Jackson , andor members! of
PUSH'S negotiating team , which is
chaired by Johnny Ford, mayor of
Tuskegee and? president of the
212-member National Conference of
Black Mayors. (Among other members of
the negotiating team are Congressman
Walter Fauntroy, chairman of the Con
gressional Black Caucus; Maryland State
Senator Clarence Mitchell III, chairman
of the National Conference of Black State
Legislators; and Buffalo's Rev. B.W.
.Smith, chairman of PUSH'S National
Selective Patronage Council.)
Obviously, PUSH'S negotiating team
preferred to meet with Busch around the
conference table instead of '"meeting in
the streets." Obviously; also, PUSH, was
patient: It was not until early September
of this year that Rev. B.W. Smith and the
PUSH National ; Selective, Patronage
Council, ! with Rev. Jackson and the
negotiating team, still being rebuffed by
Mr. Busch, called for a national boycott
of Anheuser-Busch products, the best
known of them being Bud weiser Beer.'
. Anheuser-Busch's reaction was to appoint
a black company vice president, Wayman
Smith III, as a substitute for Mr. Busch
and, in succeeding weeks, Anheuser
Busch has: 1) attempted to discredit Rev.
Jackson, Operation PUSH and, in fact,
the entire civil rights movement; 2) at
tempted to bfly black people (the com
pany poured more than $100,000 into the
recent National: United Affiliated
Beverage Association (NUABA) conven
tion in Chicago (last year they spent
$15,000); 3)reportedly hired a black
public relations man to write an editorial
in support of Anheuser-Busch, and at
tacking PUSH and Rev. Jackson, which
was published in a black St. Louis
newspaper and distributed to other black
newspapers around the country; 4)
reportedly stepped, up its advertising in
black media; and 5) begun to brag about
its contributions (aid pot trade) to black
causes. ...
Primarily because of those contribu
tions, some blacks say PUSH made a
mistake when it targeted Anheuser-Busch
because Anheuser-Busch has. been "so
good" to us. But, the fact is, PUSH has
targeted all of the major beverage firms.
It has, in the meantime, signed reciprocal
trade agreements with Coca-Cola,
Heublein and Seven Up. What is called
"being so good td blacks" actually
amounts to no more than tips. Consider a
few pertinent, and shocking, figures
In fiscal 1981, Anheuser-Busch's gross
income was $4.4 billion. Of that amount,
Black America spent $660 million with the
;. .company. Overall, i 15 per cent, of
Anheuser-Busch's business was done in
' BJack America; in the top 50 black
markets, that percentage was 22 per cent.
Revi; Jackson and Operation PUSH
. declare, with overwhelming logic, that
h Anheuser-Busch should return fully 1 5
per cent of its, sales in Black. America to
, Black America in the form of trade.
Trade, not aid that is what PUSH'S
(Continued on Page 16)
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rThittuTtiijHfc.atn-i
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