WHEIM YOU SEE IT
INTHECHARLOTTE
OBSERVER. ITS SO
1 r PAGES
1 U TODAY
WW
- ' PUBLISHED AT "CHARLOTTE; THE METROPOLIS OF THE CARP LIN AS"
PRICE FIVE CENTS. ' CHARLOTTE, N. Ct SATURDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 3,1917. FOUNDED 1869
mm
railEARllEM
GERM
; t ,
BRIGS
Y
IF WAR GOMES,
GERMANY WILL
BE AGGRESSOR
Because of Flagrant Violation of
Neutral Rights, Says Taft.
'OUR CONSCIENCE IS CLEAR'
'Responsibility on President and
Congress Heavy' Their Good
Deliverance His Prayer.'
Washington, Feb. J. Former Pres
ident Taft prefaced a prepared speech
on the League to Enforce Peace here
tonight with a reference to the new
German crista, declaring that if the
United States were drawn into ,var,
Germany would force it by "her dell
ance of- plain principles of Justice
and humanity which should obtain
between civilized Nations."
"The responsibility which now rests
on the President and Congress Is very
heavy," said Mr, Taft "They should
know and do know that the American
people will back them, to the end In
their decision. May God give them
good deliverance.'
The former President was speaking
before the Chamber of Commerce of
the United States, answering particu
larly criticisms of Theodore, Roose
velt. William J. Bryan, Senator Bo
rah and others of the League to En
force Peace Ideas.
"I had prepared this address," he
said, "before Germany startled this
country and all neutrals by her last
note. The actual dangers with which
it brings us. face to face may seem to
make what I have been discussing
theoretical,, tame and Inappropriate.
The truth is, however, that this great
crisis only emphasises the importance
of the purpose and plan' of. the league
in the future history of this country.
."Ot Ml .things, we .would avoid
war. W are pot prepared for It
Its awful consequences we know from
Europe's, suffering. Our prayer is for
some escape from it in this critical
hour, if consistent with . our National
honor. But we must face the facts.
"In her campaign against her en
emies, Germany proposes ruthlessly
to wage war upon the property and
lives of neutrals, In flagrant viola
tions of their rights. She began with
Belgium. She now Includes them all
Our National conscience . Is void of
offense against her. Her cruel and
indefensible drowning without warn
ing of more than a hundred' inno
cent Americans on the Lusitanta we
condoned in view of - her pledge
against a repetition. That pledge is
now withdrawn, and she avows her
purpose to resume ber shocking
course." . (,... , .. ..r .
"If war Is to come between us,
she will be the unprovoked aggres
sor. , We would avoid , being drawn
Into the European vortex by every
honorable concession. If she forces
us into It, she will do so by her de
nance of platn principles of Justice
and humanity which should obtain
between civilized Nations, r. ' ;;
Germany's Weakness. '
"In spite of her great strength and
marvelous efficiency, Germany's man
ifest weakness has been in a failure
to understand other peoples and to
appreciate the moral forces working
in them. She may not know the
spirit of the good-natured, tolerant
war-hating giant she now challenges.
She may never estimate as she . has
done before in the case of other Na
tions', the influence of sordid motives,
of the inertia of comfort and of dis
sentient elements among us which
she may expect to paralyse our action.
She may stir an active patriotism in
our people which she does not sus
pect She may shock us into a real
preparation for war and the sacrifice
it Involves as nothing else might
"She may push us at once into a
league to enforce a Just peace. She
may force us Into an organization of
our potential military strength on the
one hand, and Into a moral leadership
In the maintenance of international
Justice on the other. Thenceforth
our Isolation from the wars and war
fare of the rest of the world would be
at an end. When peace would come
the eyes of our people, - in spite of
warnings of statesmen who are look
ing backward, would be opened not
only to the wlBdom, but to the neces
sity of our leading the Nations into a
permanent world league to enforce
peace."
NEW OFFICERS CATAWBA
FAIR ASSOCIATION
Special to Tlie Observer.
Hickory, Feb. 1 N. W. Clark i Is
now president of the Catawba Fair
Association, with John Mauser, vice I
president ana K, c uensies. trees -
urer. The directors will' choose a; bate the Senate today passed a reso-
secretary later. A committee on pre-Jlutlon of Senator. Smith, of South
mlum lists has been appointed as fol-
lows: John Mauser, chairman, Law- jeral 'to Investigate buying and selling
rence Bollinger and Henry P. Lutx. .operations of the New Tork cotton ex
R. L. Shuford and Miss Mary Rowei change to ascertain if the methods
are advisory members of this com- (employed are in restraint of trade.
mittee. - A new building for manufac
tures and fine arts, extension of the
race track and the building of a
grandstand are some of the elms of
the association before the fair next
FalL . , :
' ,TOOK OJT TORPEDOES. , I
Newport R. I., Feb. J. The tender
Melville, attached to the - destrover
force of the Atlantic fleet took on a
. large nufnber of torpedoes today. The
.Melville will sail tnniorro w . aaoxniax.
for Guantanamo to Join the fleet
there. - . ; . ' " - '
EX-PRESIDENT DELIVERS
PATRIOTIC UTTERANCE
WILLIAM. H. TAMT.
NO INCREASE NOTED
IN DESTRUCTION OF
" SHIPPING BY U-BOATS
London Reports Sinking of Five
Vessels, One of Them of Neu
tral Registry. .
The second day of the new
German submarine warfare ap
parently has not resulted in any
increased sinking of shipping:
Dispatches from London an
- nounce the sending to the bot
tom of five vessels, including one
of neutral registry, and a report -of
the sinking of another.
The Spanish steamer Algorta.
of 2.116 gross tons, was the largest
steamer sunk, the others being of
less than 1.000 tons including two ,
trawlers. The Norwegian steam
er Heola Is believed to have been
sunk. The Belgian trawler Mar
celle was sunk by gun Are.
On the battlefronts of Europe, .
the inactivity of the past - few .
days continues. The greatest ac
tivity seemingly has taken place
on the western front. There,
however, only patrol engagements
and ; reconnoitering expeditions
4 have occupied the troops - in ad-
ditlon to the regular,, artillery
"bombardment,"7 Near . Gueude-
court In the Somme region, Brit
ish troops took 0 prisoners In a
raid. : Berlin also reports several
successful raids in this area. -
Bad weather hampers large
scale operations on the eastern '
and Macedonian fronts. Near
Solotvina, southwest of Braezany,
in Galicla, German troops, Petro- .
grad says, entered . a Russian
trench, but were Utter driven
back to their own line. Petro
grad. reports scouting and infan
try fighting in Rumania.
The French Government has
decided . to mobilise the entire
civilian population of France be-
'tween the ages of II and 60 for
!. National defense. Both sexes
will be Included In the mobiliza
tion, v.; " '
OFFICERS OF GERMAN
t o i tAMER IN CUSTODY
While Federal Officials Are In
vestigating ; Cause l for Its
Sinking. '
Charleston. 8. C., Feb. 2. Federal
officials representing the Navy Cus
toms Service and the Department of
Justice began a Joint irquiry into the
winking in the harbor here yesterday
of the German steamer Liebenfels,
which had been tied up here since the
war began. Meanwhile. Fred C.
Peters, collector of the port took for
mal charge of the steamer, and her
officers, including Captain Klattenhoff.
were taken in custody by W. V.
Howard, inspector of immigration.
Officers of the Liebenfels have
steadfastly refused to say publicly
what caubcd her to sink.
FOUR STEAMERS SAIL
FROM BALTIMORE
' Baltimore, Feb. 2. Four foreign
steamships sailed from Baltimore to
day, but only one of them was ex
pected to proceed to her destination
direct ' Th was the British freighter
Ramsay, for Gibraltar for orders. The
others which sailed for American
port presumsblyMpr further Instruc
tions . were the Norwegian steamer
Hercules, for Rotterdam; the Pent
wyn, British, for Nantes; the Peaaro,
Italian, for Gibraltar, and an unknown
British steamer.
Leading foreign shipping firms here
today declared they had not yet re
ceived any orders from the British
Admiralty . to delay clfarances. At
the custom house, Collector William
P. Ryan said no extraordinary pre
cautions were being taken to guard
the three interned German liners
here. ,
IXVKStlCATIOX ORDERED.
; Washington. Feb. . without a.
i Carolina, directing the Attorney Gen
CONFEDERATE VETERANS .
GET MOST OF THE MOXEV
Washington, Feb. t. A bill ap
propriating; SltS.OOfl-fnr Bull car
ried In the Koatbera Slates during
the Civil Wsr. previosutly passed
by I Ik Hoase, was pasned tonight
by the Senate .The sooney goes to
null contractors, mostly Confed
erate veterans or their heirs. The
.BOO claims, hsrebrrn prntlinsJpf,
more than half ccuiurjr.
PRESIDENT E
BY BRYAN IN ADDRESS AT
PEACE MASS MEETING
-
Declares Wilson's Address to
Senate Places Him Among
Nation's Immortals.
New York, Feb. 2. William Jen
nings Bryan declared at a peace mass
meeting in Madison Square Garden
here tonight that it would be a crime
against the Nation and the world if
the United. States enters the Euro
pean war. He praised highly Presi
dent Wilson's efforts in behalf of
peace, and asserted that the Presi
dent's cecent address to the Senate
had placed him among the Nation's
Immortals. .
The mass-meeting was called by
the American neutral conference com
mittee to voice approval and support
of the President's peace policies. A
resolution was adopted pledging un
faltering support of the President in
any effort to keep the Nation out of
wan Mr. Bryan asserted the Consti
tution should be amended by provid
ing for a refenedum on the decla
ration of war. No Nation has chal
lenged the United States, Mr. Bryan
declared, but If any Nation should,
this would be the answer, be said,
the country should give:
"No.- we have the welfare of 100,-
000,000 people to guard, priceless
ideals to preserve, and we will not
wallow with von in a mire of blood to
conform to a false standard.
Another declaration of the speaker
that caused prolonged applause was
"God forbid that we should go to
war with a Nation that is not an
enemy and does not want war with us.
"I have confidence in our Presi
dent" Mr. Bryan said. "Never has
the President been more anxious to
do what is best for our country or
what the people believe is best for
them."
He asserted the President's step
was "Just the action necessary in the
case," and characterised it as a "cour
ageous, heroic epoch-making appeal
to the sonscience of the world."
Mr. Wry an said he dissented from
the part of the President's address to
the Seriate relating to the "enforce
ment of peace," but he preferred, he
assertedT fo walfntiTiW President
present his views more thoroughly on
that point before venturing to com
ment Upon It . -
Mr. iBryan was applauded when
he saidf the President is a student of
history and he knows that "the paths
of history are lined with the wrecks
of Empires built on physical force."
STATESVILLE CHILD
CUT IN HEAD WITH AXE
Six-Year-Old Girl Struck Unin
tentionally by Her Brother and
Seriously Injured. Vf
Sneclal to The Observer.
Statesville, Feb. I. A distressing
accident occurred late yesterday, when
Reglna, the six-year-old daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. DeWItt Hoover, of
Statesville, was. struck on - the bead
with an axe by hfer 10-year-old broth
er Neil, who was chopping wood.
The little girl approacnea net
brother,-who, unaware of her pres
ence, struck ner in ine lop o int
head with the blade ot tne axe. ins
skull was penetrated. The brain was
uninjured, however. Tne eniia was
removed to a hospital and the- cut
closed with several stitches. It Is
stated that the child will recover un
less complications set ln.
SWEDEN WILL AWAIT
EXCHANGE OF VIEWS
Stockholm, dweden. Feb. 2. Via
Loudon. Feb. 2. The Associated
Press learns from a wen-Utformed
sou rue
that no action win be taken
bv Sweden In regard to the subma-i
rine situation until after an exchange
of views with Denmark and Norway.
No formal conference is planned but
anexchange of views already has be
gun and the Swedish Government
hopes that the three Scandinavian
countries will atatn find It possible
to act ln concert as they did ln Feb
rurrv. 115. following the German
I nrrwlamalian nf a war IOM SOOUt the
British Isles.
REPORT THAT GERMANS
WRECKED MACHINERY
Baltimore. Feb. 2. Rumors which
spread tonight that the crews of two
of the Germsn steamers which vol
untarily Interned here bad wrecked
the machinery were denied by agents
of the North German Lloyd. It be
came knon that two of the crew j
of the interned steamer Rhein es-1
caped from the vessel today. Seven!
of the crew of the steamer Neckar
were caught stealing away from that j
vessel tonight by ' customs bouse
agnts. They told the guards that
they feared trouble and wanted to be !
!aay from-lt . - i
, ! ' The masters of the seven Dutch'
stesmers in port got orders today to
"uspend ailtrg Indefinitely.
PASSENGER TRAIN HITS
SWITCH AND IS DERAILED!
Omalui, Nob- Feb. 2. Chicago, i
Itsrllnglosi A Qulacy psmrwgrr train:
No. IS ran Into an opra switch jsear:
OomwHL Iowa, tat toengbt sad was',
fllu-brd. It was a anus nerd at Bar.
Ilnjtton . headqsartrrs. A SMssber of
prisons were Itjsrrd. It la not known '
If any were killed. "
FIRE IN OFFICE OF ' 1
KPARTAXBrRG HERALD ;
gnartanfcarg. S. C Fe. X. tlrr , .
broke oat In the strrmtrnins; rones of; r and continued cold today; fair
The Herald office at o'clock ibis and warmer Sunday. . . . , . ,
morning. At prexrnl It hs stot beraj -
euUiaauKlcr ,-cuuxuL TUe Are iJTh nnx jd&l, a, item la. -hi
I bnrning In fine in (lie rxirrotr rear valet is the man who acts as his own
of the building.
SHIP OWNERS
AWAITING WORD
Fill LANSING
Trans-Atlantic Service Virtually
at Standstill for Present.
SAILINGS ARE. POSTPONED
Advices From State Department
Awaited Before Announce
ments Will Be Made.
New Tork, Feb. 2. Pending offi
cial advices from Secretary Lansing,
of the State Department President P.'
A, S. Franklin, of the International
Mercantile Marine, said tonight that
no official announcement could be
made as to the sailing of the American
line steamship, St Louis, scheduled
to leave here at noon tomorrow on
her regular trip to Liverpool. Upon
being Informed that Mr. Lansing had
stated. in Washington that the line
probably would be advised not to send
the ship, he added that naturally he
would act in conformity with such a
recommendation.
Preparations for the sailing of the
sMp proceeded today, and when the
passenger office .'lowd for the night
it was announced that passage had
been booked by 280 persons, with only
IS cancellations. A large percentage
of those booked are American citi
zens. President Franklin emphasized a
statement that the American line la a
"National Institution," having a con
tract with the United States Govern
ment for carrying mails to Europe on
regular dates. .
None of the British lines has re
ceived any new instructions as to the
sailing of their ships, local repre
sentatives announced tonight During
the dsy five freighters, one of them an
American vessel left for trans-Atlan
tic ports. The American ship was the
Doctor "on
Great Britain and Allied Nations,
among them the ' White Star, liner
AdaCSTTtfrirnaouficed Id saflrtd
Complete Tio-Up.
A complete tie-up, temporarily at
least of Dutch and Scandinavian snip
cable .Instructions received by various
lines. The 8candlnavian-American
Line, whose passenger vessel Hellig-
olav? was held In port yesterday, re-
ceived word that all sailing of passen
ger ships bad been temporarily sus
pended. -The Royal Netherlands Steamship
Company, which has 10 vessels in
American ports loading cargo con
signed to the Dutch Government has
ordered them to remain in port until
further notice. Six vessels owned by
the Swedish-American-Mexico Line
also have been stopped, pending furth
er orders.
The Holland-America Line, with the
steam r Koordam here loading to sail
Monday for Rotterdam with passen
gers and cargo, was advised that- the
"liner Nleuw Amsterdam, their largest
vessel, bad been recalled and It was
expected, officials said, that delayed
caoles would bring them similar In
structions to those received by other
neutral foreign lines.
Calling At Kirkwall.
Ships for Holland and Scandinavian
countries have, for nearly a year,
been railing at Kirkwall in compliance
with ths order or the British Govern
ment fcr examinaticn and inspection
of psisengers and cargo there. Under
the provisions of the German note, as
It Is Interpreted by local representa
tives, they are barred from going Into
the Indicated war zone around the
British Isfe. These conflicting orders
have added to the uncertainty and
serio'jsness ot the situation. -
; initiirrn rrno
rurvvo ouomii ilw run
BRIDGE OVER POTOMAC
Washington. Feb. 2. Plans for the
bridge which the Washington-Newport
News fhort Line Railroad pro
poses to construct across the Potomac
near Wetomkin Point Vs., were sub
mitted today to General Black, t chief
i engineers or ine Army. rwun
houses of Congress have panned bills
authorising the construction and it
awaits the President's signature.
J0-J0 SAYS
COLOER
valet
1
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
RETURN TO WASHINGTON
Investigation Into So-Called
Leak on President's Peace
Note Wlil Be Continued There.
New Tork, Feb. 2. Pressure of In
ternational affairs today caused the
congressional committee that baa been
investigating the so-called "leak" on
President Wilson's recent peace note.
to transfer the inquiry to Washington.
Examination of -witnesses will be re
sumed there tomorrow morning. Fur
ther hearings on particularly pertinent
local angles of the case probably will
be resumed here as soon as the com
mitteemen think their congressional
duties will permit
The committee has determined to
sound at once the source of trans
mission of. F. A. Connolly's advance
resume of the President's note from
Connolly's Washington brokerage of
fice to E. F. Hutton Co.. New Tork
brokers. .- If possible, George A. Ellis,
Jr.. a member of the Hutton firm who
put Connolly's information into a
telegraphic warning to all of Hutton's
correspondents In the United States 10
hours before the note was released,
will be the first witness called. Ellis
was due to arrive in Washington to
night from Savannah. Ga.
Connolly's testimony that be sent his
information in a message by private
wire from bis office to the Hutton
house now has been disputed by. every
telegrapher In Hutton's employ. The
missing link In the testimony of all
telegraphers who may have handled
the message Is that of the two op
erators In Connolly's office. They
were early witnesses.
Records of all 'long-distance tele
phone calls between the two offices
during the "peace note period" If any
exist also will be called for.
Satisfaction was expressed by com
mitteemen on starting back to Wash
ington tonight over the results of the
local hearings. That there was a
"leak" of some kind no longer Is se
riously questioned by any of them.
Discovery of its existence through the
testimony of E. F. Hutton. head of the
tee. none of Its members suspecting
before "comtngtiersthat such mes
sages) existed as have been unearthed.
: So Important are the Hutton-Con-nolly
messages considered that the
whole Inquiry now Is centered In un
folding all the facts surrounding them,
,Th? com f the lnIry apparently Is
" "Ti.V Vh- mmitt.
,' U ln .w m.m ,tt
"J" ?poH. n '"JL.
limit will expire In about 10 days.
MAL0NE INCREASES
DOCK GUARDS FORCE
Questions Relating to 'Possible
Emergency' Are Given Consid
eration. New Tork, Feb. I. Upon the re
ceipt of special instructions from
Washington, Dudley Field Malone.
collector of the port, conferred late
today with representatives of the De
partment of Justice and New I or
police. None of those who attended
the conference would discuss what
was considered beyond saying that
questions relating to a "possible emer
gency" were talked over.
Mr. Malone has Increased bis force
of dock guards and special inspectors
until be now has more than l.zou
men under bis command. Harbor
police boats and four tugs of ths
coast' guard cutter service, under
command of the collector, are at the
docks with steam up and their crews
sleeping on board.
It was learned that the command
ers of several of the German ships
self-interned here have refused per
mission to the collector's office to go
below their main decks on trips of
inspection. Mr. . Malone declined to
discuss the subject except to say that
the officers were within their rights
Unless he obtained evidence that neu
trality regulations were being vio
lated. .
WIFE OF PROMINENT MILL
MAN GOES TO HOSPITAL
Special to The Observer.
Concord. Feb. 2. Mrs. J. W. Can
non, wife of the president of tlie Can
non chain of cotton mills, was taken
seriously 111 at ber home here Thurs
day, and Friday morning was car
ried on a special train to Statesville,
where she entered Doctor Long's San
atorium. The exact nature of Mrs.
Cannon's illness was not determined
before she left here, but Dr. J. W.
Long, of Statesville, and Doctor Pohl
of Wlnston-Sulem, who were called
here yesterday to attend ber. deemed
It necessary that she be carried to a
hosoitaX
STORM WARNINGS ON
COAST CONTINUED
Washington. Feb. 2. Storm warn
ings were continued along the Atlantic
Coast today - from Provincetown.
Mass.. to Key West the Weather
ISureau predicting northeast gales,
diminishing Saturday.' The cold ware
struck the South Atlantic 8 tales with
full force, a temperature of 10 de
grees above aero extending as tar
South as Georgia. .
CONCORD COTTON MARKET
GOES DOWN TO 12 CENTS
Special to The Observer. ...
Concord, Feb. I.Before ths cot
ton market closed Friday It had risen
again to IS 1-2 points, and this price
has prevailed here all day today. The
drop to 11 cents was reported, but It
continued butaf e v.miAutea. lbs
market rising to It 1-1 cents before
noon. .
iS'tO Blf OE BRffl IN
REIMS WITH SERIN 111
Nothing Has -Developed to Stem Sweep of the Tide, and Official
Washington Is Convinced That Crash Is Only Matter of Tlm&
and Question of FormNo Attempt Made to Minimize Gravity
of the Situation. ' . ' ,
Long Session of Cabinet and Dramatic Night Conference of
President and Senators Develop Unanimity of Opinion That
Challenge to Nation's Honor, Must Be Met-Apparently, It
Only Remains to Be Determined Whether Some Overt Action
Shall Be Awaited, or Whether Ambassador Bernstorff Shalh
Be Handed Passports With or Without Warning Note to His
Government, but Sentiment of Majority of Senators Is Against
Sending Any Further Warnings.
Washington, Feb. 9. The submarine menace sweeps on, and every hour
draws the United States nearer a break with Germany. No restraining devel
opments appear to stem the tide. Official Washington is convinced the crash
Is only a matter of timo and a question of form.
A long session of the Cabinet and a dramatic night meeting of the Prcsi-
dent and Senators at the Capitol developed a unanimity of opinion that
challenge to the honor of the United States must be met f ' - '
The means of doing so appears to be the only question undetermined.
When President Wilson and his advisers parted "for a night's reflection,'',
as the President himself put It, apparently It had I not been detennsnod'
whether the United States should delay action until Germany commits an
overt act or whether passports should be handed to Count von Bernstorff with
or without a warning note to Berlin. v r - . ? - -' '
After the President and the Cabinet had been In session more than two
hoars, Mr. Wilson hurried to the Capitol and this statement was Issued at the
White Mouse: 1
"The President and the Cabinet thoroughly canvassed the situation, 1
but there Is nothing to announce."
Members of the Cabinet, sworn to silence, left the White Ilonse with
grave faces. One of them later sufficiently broke the rule of silence to say t
"The near future will develop something very, very serious.". Y
Aiwtthnr n a hint of the nmhahllttv that some overt act murht be
awaited or at least a warning given by saying: . j
"The nut chance has not yet gone. While Germany has announced her
purpose, she has not et carrled.tt Into .effect; so far-as we know." ;
The Cabinet unanimously agreed, however, that the United States could
nder no circumstances countenance such an Invasion of its rights Us Ger-
many's campaign of ruthlessness proposes, . ' .
THREE PROPOSALS DISCUSSED. . . . ,
At the Capitol, the President had an hour's conference alone with Senator
Stone, chairman of the Foreign Relations committee, ana tnen sent out worn
that be sought the views of ail Senators. Many of the. Democrats hnnied to
his room on the Senate floor. Seated there with Senators grouped about htm
In a seml-clrcle, the President gave no indication of a decision of his own, but
frankly announced he had come to .hear their opinions. To Induce open ex
presslon. he was careful not to specify what ho hod in his own mind, but in
vited a discussion of three propositions:
To break off diplomatic relations with Germany at once and deliver ,
Ambassador von BernstorfTs passports tomorrow. 1 : V .
To delay action until some overt act has been committed against the
rights of the United States. . -
To re-deflne the position of the United States, as outlined all through
the submarine controversy with a final warning that an offense means a
diplomatic break. -.
The sentiment of a large majority of the Senators was against the latte
coarse. :wS ; ,-:f:jfy'xtf-V::K
Senator Stone and Senator Lewis, favored assuming that Germany did not
Intend to Invade American rights, but were for meeting any such Invasion
with an immediate severance of diplomatic relations. ; Other Senators were so
confident that Germany's new war zone proclamation meant Invasion of Am
erican rights that they favored breaking off relations immediately. -
All understood that President Wilson had not made up his mind whether'
to proceed, as proposed by Senators Stone and Lewis, on the assumption tha
American rights would not be violated, or whether to consider Germany's ant
nooncement as ground In Itself for summary action. '
Without disclosing what decision, If any, he had reached, the President ,
left the Capitol suggesting to Senators thst there should be a night's reflection
and some action by word or deed before Monday.
It was said that no joint session of Congress tomorrow , to enable the
President to make an address was discussed
PRESIDENT BELIEVES THAT NATION IS FACING
MOST SERIOUS CRISIS IN COURSE OF ITS HISTORY
Washington. D. C. Feb. 2. During j
the day, it has been made clear that
no communication has gone forward
to Germany, nor has Ambassador Ge
rard, in Berlin, been given Instruc
tions to inform the Government of the
state. of feeUng in the United States.
That of course, has been done through
i the German Embassy, which continues
to exnress the firm conviction tnat
there is Utile hope of avoiding a diplo
matic break. j -
President Wilson's every action
throughout the day was predicated on
his belief that tne unitea states races
the most serious crisis in its history.
Ha chose the course ol seeking tne
advice of other men to compare with
his own opinions. Ths overwhelming
sentiment from those he consulted
was In favor of a break ln relations.
Only the time and method were ques
tions of difference. But even after his
lone talk with the Senators, he re
turned to the White Mouse to give fur
ther consideration to ths problem.
One of the thoughts In the minds
of the President and his advisers is
that the action of the United States
should be so unassailable that It would
guide other neutrals.
President Wilson was beldly told by
most of the li Democratic Senators in
conference with him that the German
declaration was an affront to the Unit
ed States and the -ctv.llied world and
that any other course than an im
mediate rupture of diplomatic rela
tions would be 'Viewed by the world
as cowardice."
Some, however, urged that Ger
many be notified of a definite time at
which diplomatic relations would be
severed, and a few, others urged that
nothing be done until Germany, by
some evert act demonstrated her de
liberate determination to affront ths
United States!
Barked by Solid Senate.
All the Senators assured the Presi
dent -that whatever course he took
would be sustained by a unanimous
Sena tft Senator, who. jaxUclpatedJtt
the remarkable conference were Stone,
Heed. Phelan, Myers, Overman, Rans-
dell, Hoke Smith, Beckham, Varda-
man, Plttman,. : Fletcher, Pomerene,
Walsh, Lewis and Johnson, of South
Dakota. . . v.-,-:
That no Republican Senators at
tended the conference was due entire
ly to the fact that the President did
not reach the Capitol until the Senate
had recessed,, and it was with diffi
culty that pages and clerks reached
those who did attend. The President
sent for nq pne In particular. .
' While Senator Lodge, ranking Re
publican member of the Foreign' Re-
lations Committee, still waa in the
Senate when the President first ar
rived, he did not know the purpose of
the conference and left the building.
. At the conclusion of the conference,
the President the last to leave, saw
the newspaper correspondents and
mads a brief announcement '
"Gentlemen," he said, "I Just came
to swap views. I wanted light and
came here to get It
He was asked what would be done
and replied:
"That depends on how I feel ln the
morning." Then he smiled and added:
"Of course that remark was only a
Joke." He added that there had been
no suggestion of a Joint .session of
Congress and that he thought no pub
lic announcement would be made to
night
' EsUbllahed Facts. .
From Inquiry among. the Senators
present the following facts were es-
laousnea:'
The President frankly revealing the
innermost details of the crisis, told .the
Senators he had come to feel the
pulse of the people, and that he wish
ed each man to speak his mind frankly
with the welfare of the Nation and
civilisation at heart - At the conclus
ion each Senator shook the President's
hand and assured him that whatever
course he took, whether In accord
with their own views or not he would
be sustained by an unanimous Senate.
"The President said one Senator.
,"left,wwlUi.the . suggestion . of a
night's reflection and of action t
word or dsed before Monday."