Newspapers / The Journal (Salisbury, N.C.) / Dec. 20, 1825, edition 1 / Page 2
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\ 1. tini it T) t'’\ Diillions. I’y th(' cp 'fur publl" u-:,iks, as well li; Cue crjlislruc • J t'talioii >r sliuiiar pii>)r i,f 11 lirf, M'-'"' /.' t’ortliuuliuuus tor puruoscs ol'i liuin aiul siKCO tliul of '2a .Mai ih, 1S21, | iinprovnnciU, so i:u'v liavr j ttu; (li-ljt li.i.l il,, iVoin iiii\vai\U b 'fii f.'.i)Oiil'.u, iui\c* Iji-fti i’ailliriillyf ap- |)iiftl. I'lR’ii" jjrojjicss lias licfn diiaycd l)y lln‘ watii of suila')!;.: olViCi'r.s I'oi' siipcr- iiitc'iidiiu’, lliciii. All iitrrcasc of Ixjtli ihf Corps of llii;j;inc('r.s Military anil Topo- i^raiiiiicai, was roc.oimiiciKlcd by iny pio- tl ( i ssor al lilt* lasl Si'ssioii ol’C'oii.;:rcss. I’lu’ pLa:>ons npuii wliicli ihal n.coMimen- (iatioii v\as riHimic'd, sulj.sisl in all tiu'ir I'tjri'f, aiid lia'C acipiiii'd adililiunal ur- ,;;ciic\ SHUT laal iiiMC. Il may also be fxpi d.iuni U) orijaiiizc iho'J'opoi^i-aplucal l.ii^inicrs inlo a ('o!ps similar lo the pri sL-nl cslaiilisluiu’n*. (;l Uic Corps ol j^MiRci.s. "I'lic Mditary AcaiU'iny at W osl-l*uint, Will- riii-nisl), l‘i om ll\(.‘ Ca- (Ifl.s aniHiidiy gradnalcd UuM'i* oliU'crs wi-ll (|uaii!icd lor CiaTviu^ ihis measure inlo rliVcl. Tlu* liourd of Engineers {’oi- Intci’nal liitprovemeiil, ai';’joinled I’ur carryii!;^ ;n- of l.vciiiv-i iliiims, U) ten. It is exceed ingly di"'i:'ub!e that it slioi.ki l>e exlin- j^nisiu'i! u!io,.;;elher ; aiul lo I'ac.ilitate tlu.t consiiinnialiuii, 1 i ei oinmend lo Coni^ress ihi it \;\al,tor (/lie year more, oi’ihe Act cf istli May, 1S24, withsnrh piovi‘-innal iiiodilicaiion as may beiu'cessary to s^iiarn llic ])nljlic inlcresis ai^ainsi IVuiidiiKni practices in the resulo of tlu* relinqiiislied land, 'i'he ])urchusers of pulilic. kiiids are among llie most useful ol our ii liow- cilizcns, and, since the systt ni ol sides 1‘or ^ asli alone has been introduced, ;;reat induli^rnce has been justly exlendt d (o those'\\ ho h;id prcvionsly j)Ui-chascd np- on creilit. I'he di'bl which had Ijun contracted nnder Ihe crcdit sales had be come iinwieUllv, and its extinction was ^ilike udv aniair^be i)urchaser and the jMiidic. Under tlie system ol sales. ■s it ha> been, l)y exj)irience, and j to exei iition liio Acl ol Cyonyi ess ol .iuili j the e\iL':t tieies of ihe times, ol Api ii, 182 1, “ lo p.rociiro tlie iiecessa- maiui »t!, adapted (o the lands v.iil coritinue, as ihcy have be come, .in almndanl source of reveniie; and when Use ])ledp;t“ ol ihem to the j)Uh- lic cii'ditor shall iiave i)een redeemeii iiy the eiuire dischar,;;e ol the iiatio!u\l debt, the swiHinj,' ti'li’ of wealth wiliiuhic.i they lepU ni'-h tiie common'I'reasui y may be nude l:> l ellow in luifuiliii.q; slreau»t> «'f impi'ovenu'id fi’om the Ailaiilic lo ihe Pacilic Ol ean. 'I'he condition of the various brunches of ihe jiublic seiNice iesoriiiit,^ IVom the l)ej)urimenl of War, and iheir adminis- tralion duriiitj the current year, \\iii lie exhibiled in ihe Re])ori from ihe Seci e a- ry of War. and ihe accomjianyin}; doc*,.- nieiiLs In rewith commiinicaled. The or- ganizalioii ami discipline of the army are elVcctive and satisfactory. To counicract ry siirve\s, plans, and esiimales, on the sul)jecl of loaiis and canals,” ha\c beeii actively enija^vd in lhal service from the close of Liie List Session of Con:^fes5. i’lu y have comjm led the surveys iieces- ‘iui y for a:;i:ei ia.iiii.j;- tiie j)ractica!)ilily ol' a Caiiai Iroi'w lue Ciiesa[)i‘ai\e iiay lo the Oiiio Iviser, a'ul are piepa .iiij^ a lull Ue- poi’ on lhal suijjeci ; which, wlu'ii coiii- pieaci, will ijc laid before you. '1 iie same oUsei \aiion, IS to be made with regard to the t\vo other o jecls of national impor tance, upon wliicii the lioard iiave been occupieti J iiaim iy, the accompiishmenl of a Aniional l\oad from this City lo NewI'. aiis, and the praclica!)iiity ol unilinK" iiie waters of i^akt? Memijlirama- wiih C'onnecticut River, and the iciory. 1 o counicract I iiuprovemeni ol’ the navigation of that jjrevalence of desertion amoiij^ liu-| uiver. 1 lie surveys have heeti mu ic, troops, it has been sui^yested'lo withhold iVoiii ihe men u smail jiortion of their liiontlily pay, until the period of their clisc!iar.u;e ; and some expedient appears lo l)e necessai y, to preserve and niain.ain, anio:iL^ the cjfluers so mach ol tiic art ol iKji'^fmaiisiiip as could scarcely fail lo be i'tjund vv-ntini^, on Uie jiossiblc sadden ei U|jtioh Ilf a war, whii ii should overtake US nnproMded with a “iu;^ie coi’ps of cav- al.’y. 'i'i'.e Miluary ademy ai Wesi- Point, unuer ihe restric ions of a severe but |)alcinal supei iiiU ncleiice, recom- jncnds ilsclf more anti more lotlic palron- ajje of the Nation ; ami the mimber of aijoritorioiis uflicers which it lorms and introduces to the public sei vite, luinish- cs the moans of multipiyin^ tlu- uiulei tak ings of pui)iic improvements, lo which their ulcpiiremeiils at that insatulion are peculiarly adapted. The school of Artil lery practice, established at Fortress I^lonroe, is well suited to the same pur pose, and may need the aid of further leg islative pro'ision lo the same end. I'he Kej)orts Ikjiu the vai ious otiicers at the head of the administrative branches of the mililury ser\iie, connccied wiih the cpiarlering, clotiun;;, suljsistence, health, and pay, d‘ the Army, exhil)il the assidu ous vigilant e of those oH'lcers in ihe per formance of their respective duties, and the faithful accountability which has pei vaded every pari of the system. Our relations with tlie numerous tril>es of aboriginal natives of this country, licattered ovei its extensive surface, and so dcpeiuleni, even for iheir existence, lipoti (jur po«er, have been, duriii^^ the present \ear, highly interesting. An Act of Congress of 25 th May, 1821, made an a)iprupriaiioii to cli lray the ex^ienses of making Treaties of t!-ade and Irieiid- s’.iii) wiih the Indian Tribes beyond the ississij)|)i. An AcH)l 3d March, 182.), authorized Treaties to l)e made with the Indians for their consent to tlie making of a road from the Ironlier of Missouri to that of New Mexico. And another Act, of the same date, provided for de- I’raving the ex|)enses of holding 'I'reaties ■wi’h the Sioux. Ciii[)peways, Menome- necs, Sauks, 1 oxes, See. for the purj)Ose of estal)libhing boundaries and promot ing peace between saiil 'I'ribes. 'I'he firsthand the last objects of these Acts li.ive ijeen accomplished ; and the sec.oml js ye! in a process of execution. 'I he Tieaties which, since the last Session t>l' (.iiir’-ress, have In'en coiiclud('d with the reveral Trilies, w ill he laid before thi: Si‘- jiate 1'or iheir consiileraiion, confrjrmablv t(j tlie C'fjnstitulion. '1 hey coni|)risf large and valuable act]uisilions of l\-rri- toiy ; and they sci ure an adjustment (d bo;in.1ai it s, and sfivc pledgi's d |)ernia- lient p ace bc’sui ii mm l ai Tribes u hic.h had been long w aj^ing blo(j(ly w ars against cacli (;thcr. On the I2tli of l'r!)ruary last, a'l’ieatj Vas '-igiii d at the Indian Sprit.;;-, i;e- tw (■( n (’(/mmis'^ioners a;)i)'/nHfd o:i the jiart of the L’nited Slate.->, and certain (,'hi I'-' '.Mid indi\idiials of the Cieek Na tion of Indians, w hich w as ri‘( eived at thr Seal of (loveinment oni\ a lew (lass he- for(‘ the( lo-,c of the hist Session (d’Con- t^Miss aiut d’ the late Administration. The ad\i(e and c(jnsenl ol the Setiale Avas giN' n to it, on the 3d of Mai ( it too late for it 1 •' ■ t he ratitii ation ;d ti.e then r/'esidm' ,l’ t'ue L'niied Slates : it Mas ratiiied on tlie 7th of Marili, under lhe nnsu"pc( tinr. iuipiessi(n that it had l)i ( n neg((tiated in good laiih, and in the tonfKU'iKC inspired by the ret oinmeiida- tio'i of t!ie Seiic.te. Tie- ^nlisiqueiit H aus;i( tioTis in reh.tion lo thi^ '1 l ealv u ill form the ;»i|l)je( t (d a separate Message. The apiiropriali'viis uiudc by Coiii;r« ss. and are nearly C(Mn|)!etcd. 'I'he I’eporl may be expecKut at an early i)t:riod diir- lug Ihe pi escjil Session of Congress. The Acts of Congress of the last Ses sion reluuve lo ine ^.urveying, or laying out roads in the 'rerntories of I'ioi ida, Aikaiis^.s, and Michigan, from Missouri lo *Me\ico, and for ihc conlinuation of the | CumLieriaiid Road, are, some of them, [ fully executed, and oliiers iii the proces-. j ol execution, 'i iiose for compleiing or coiDiueiicing foi liiicalions, have been dc- ia)e(i oniy -so iar as the Corps of Engi neers haS been inadequate lo furnish of- ncers for the necessary superiniendence , of ine works. L’lider the Acl coiiiii inmg the statutes of Virginia and Marylan^i, , incorporaiiiig the Chesapeake and Ohio v-aiiai Company, three Commissioneison ihe pari of the Liiiled Slates have bi'en appointed for opening hooks and receiv ing subset iptiutis, in concert with a like number ol Comuiissioners appointed on' lilt* part of coch of those :>iales, A meet-: ing of the Cohr.nissioiieri has been jiosl- j)oned loauail ihe deiinillve Report of the lioard of Kngiiicers. The ligiu-hou- ses and monuineiils lor ihe saleiy ol our commerce aiM manners; the works for j the security ol iMymouUi iieacti, and for] the preservatiuii the is.aiids in IJoslon ' HaiDour, i»ave received the aUeiiiiou re-1 (jUired by the laws relating to those oD- jecls resj)ec i\ely. 1 he coiitinualion of the Cumberland Road, the niosL impor- lantof them all, after surmounting- no in- coiisulerable diHiculty in fixing upon the direction of llic road, has commenced under the mosl promising auspices, wi;h the improvements of recelu imeulion in the mode of construction, and with liie advantage of agreul reduction in the com parative cost of the work. 'i'he operation (jf the laws relating to the Revolutionary Pensioners may d;- serve Ihe renewed consideration of Con gress. 'i'he Act of 18th March, 18i8, wlule it made ])rovission for may meri torious and indigent citizens, who had served in the War of Independence, o- penecl a door to numerous abuses and impositions. 'I'o remedy Wiis, the Acl of 1st May, 1820, cxacted proofs of absolute indigence, which mnay really in want were unable, and alk suscepiible of lhal delica- cv which is allied to many virtues, musi lie deeply reluctant to give. The result has been, that some among the least de- servitig have been retained, and some in wiiom. the re(piisites both (d worth and uaiil weoje combined, have been stricki'ii I'lum the list. As the numbers of ihcse venerable leiics of an. age gone by dimi.i- iili ; as l!ie dccavs (d’ i;ody, mind, and .-state, of those liiat survive, must in the coinmun course ol nature increase, should ii(H a more liberal portion of indulgence be dealt out to them? May not the want, in most instaiices, be inferred from the d.'Miai.d, wl'.en tl:e service can be duly j)r(ned ; and may not the last daysol hu man ii'lii iiiity be s[)ared the iiKJi'tdicalion id' pun basing a pittance of lelief only iiy ihe exjiosure of its ou n lucessi.ies 1 suiimil to congress tiie exiiedieiicy either of pi'oviding lor individual cases of tins thscriplKMi by sjjecial eiiaclment, or of revising the Act ol 1st May, lS2t), with a V lew to miligale the rigour (d' its exclu sions. ill favour of jjcrsons to whom char- 11V now bestowed can scarcely discharge ihe dei)l td’ justice. 'J he portion of the Naval f(jrcc of the I’liioii in actiKil service, has been chielly employed (Jti Hirer slations: 'I'he Medi- leiraitoii, lhc(oast» (d’South America bnrdi'i iiig ('11 the I’acilu Oi eaii, and tiie est-lndies. /\n i/ci aMv/iial cruisrr has been suit to range along the Alrican sliuics niuii polluied by the tranic of -;lav 'S ariVn..! \es'.d Iras b.ila'i'"*!!- ed on the coast of our eastern bo’.in'.iai *, to cruis'- along the iishitig grounds i.i Hudson's iiay, and on the co.4St of Lab rador ; and the first service of a new Iri- gale has been performed in restoring to his native soil, and tlomestic (enjoyments, the veteran hero whov* youthfu' !)Iood and treasure had Ireely flowed iu the cause of our Country’s Independence, and whose whole life had been a series ol services and sacrilices to the improve ment of Ijls fellow-meti. The visit (j1 (ieneral Lafayette, alike* honourable to himself and to our Country, (losed, a s it havl commenced, willi the mosl all’ectiiig lestimojiials oi’ devoted attachment on itis part, and (jf unbounded graiilude ol tliis Reoplo to him in return. It will form, hereafter, a pleasing iiicid(‘nt in the annals of our Union, giving to real history the intense interest ol romunce, and signally marking the unpurchasai)lc iribute of a great Nation’s social alfei- lions to the disinteiested chanipioii ol the liijerties of human-kiiid. The constant mainienanco of a sm:ill s(ji»adron in the liie Mediterranean is a m cessary subslilule for the huiniliating alteriiauvc of |)aying tril)iiie for the se en riiy of onr couiinercc in that sea, and i’or a precjrious jieace, at the mercy ol every capr.ce of four IJarbary Stales, by whom ii was lial)le lo be violated. An audilionai motive for keeping a respecta ble force s.ationcvl liiere at tliis time, is found in the mariume war raging i)etween liic Greeks anti the I'urks; and in whicii liie neutral navigaiioti of thisLnionii always in danger of outrage and tle])i'C- dalion. A few insiaiices luivc occurred of such dej)rcdations up.>n our merchant vessels by privateers or jjirates wearing the (irecian 11a;;', but witlujutreal author ity from the Citeek or any otiier govern- idenl. 'I'he heioic snuggles of the Ureeks themselves, in whicii our warm- est symjjathies as freemen ati ' ■ hristiaiis have been engag(;d, have continued to be maintained with v icissiludos of siu ress • i.verse and favouiabie. Similar motives have rendered exped ient the keejjing of a like force on tlu’ coasts of Peru and Chili on the Pacil’c. 'I'he iriL'gi.iar ..nd convulsive character of the war upon t!ie shores, has ln'i-n ex- j tended lo the conilicts npoii the ocean.— An active warfare has oeeii kept ii[> f'>r years, vvlih aiteriiaie sucress, l!iou-;li generally lo t'a- advantage (jfilie Ameri can Patriots, iiut ih ir naval forces have noi'alwayB been under the c «ntro! of their ovv *i gov ernments. Jilockades, un- justilial)le upuii any acknowledg(\l princi ples of intei national law. have been pro claimed by oliicers in ; oii'.inand ; and though disavowed by ihe s'lpreuic a'l- thorilies, the protection ofour own com merce against them !us been uiade cause ol’coinplainiana (jI erroneous impiitalions upon some of ihe must gail.uil ofiic! r- of our Navy. Complaints e;jualiy groaiifi- less have been made Iiy tlie commanders of the Spanish Royal forces in those seas; but the mosl eli’eciive projection to oui' commerce has been thellag, and the iirm- ness of our own commanding on'icers.— The cessation of the war, oy the com plete iriumpU of the Patriot cause, has removed, ills hoped, all cause oj’dissen- sion with one party, and all vestige of force of the other. iJut an uii'Ctiled coast of many degrees of laliMtue, foi m- iug a part of our own Territt^ry, ^.nd a ilourisiiing commerce and iisherv, ex tending lo the islands of the l^acitic and lo China, still require that the pro tecting power of the Union should be displayed under its ilag as well upon the ocean as upon the landl 'i'he objects of the West India squad ron have been, to carry into execution the laws for the sujjpression of the Afi i- Caii Slave 'i'rade : for the protection of our commerce against vessels of j)iraiical character, though bearing commissions from either of the belligerenl parties : for its proU'ciion against (Ji)cn and une- (juivocal pirates. These objects, during the present year, have i)een acromplisluMl more efl’ectually than at any former peri od. The African Slave 'I'rade has long been excluded from* the use of our 11 ag^s and if .some -few citizens of our ountry have continued lo set the laws of the Un ion, as well as those of Nature and )lu- maiiily, a* defiance, hy persevering in that abominable tralVic, it has been onlv by sh(dt('i'ing themselves under the ban ners of other nations, less earnest for the tolaU'Xlinction ol the trade than onrs.— The irregular 'privateers have within the Iasi year, been in a great measure bani^h- .'d from those seas; and the j/irates for motilhs past appear lo havc'‘been almost enlirely sr.epl away from the borders and the shores of the two Spanish islands in tlujse regions. 'I'hc aclivt, jtersevering, and unremitted energy of Captain Vi’ar- ririgton, and of the oliicers and nuMi un der his command, on tluit trying and jieril- ous servile, have been crowned with signal succ('ss, and ai'e entitled to the ap probation of iheir country. Diit exper ience has shown, that not even a tem]>o- rary susj)ensi(jn or relaxation from as siduity cat! be indulg(!(l on that station without re-])ro(lu(.ing piracy and murder in all their h'oi rors ; nor is it probable that for years to C(jine our immensely valua!)le commerce in those seas caii iiav- igate in seciii ity, withoiit th'^ steady con tinuance of an armed force devoted to its protection. It were indeed a vain atul dangerous illusion !)elicve, that iu the present (;r . .. ’ lo. rr.irU '* - o’ l.timan socieiv, r. pvlth rc^p.ct to the h(Un-, lud ho livcj ; p.w.Ki.J.L CCIK.U.O.. . . IS I pre.sci.tdiy.inturhnv^liiscjcstothc ihstiiu*'" commerce so txle^^t'c ...iid . • | Wost IN'iiit, he wkuM have ci,j(j\cili|,(. ours could exist an i pursued in saic- j,,s curiK'.,t wislijs.’ r.ui IV, without the coulimial support (d a nvilitary marine ; tlie ();iiy arm i)V which the power of this conrcderacy can be e-.li- maud or felt hy foi(:ign na i^xis, and the onlv standing military force which can never be dangerous to our own liberties at home. A permanen’. naval peace es tablishment, therefore, adai)ted to our present coj|dition, and adaptable to that gigantic growth with which the nation is advancing in its career, is among the sul)jecls vvhich have already occupied ihe foresight of the last Congress, and w hich will deserve your sevious deiiber«tions. Our Navy, commenced at an early j)eriod of our present political organization, up on a scale commensurate with the incip ient energies, the scanty resources, and the comparative »indigence of our in fancy, was even then Rjiind adeipiate to cope with all the powers (d’ iJarbary, save the lirst, and with one of the princi pal maritime powers oi I'urope. At a j)eriod of further advatic.eiiuiil, but wiih liule accession of strength, it not oniy sustained wiih honour the most unequal of conilicts, but covered itseil and our country wiih unfading i;lory. I»ul it is onlv since the close oi the late war, that by the numljcr and for* e of tiie snips ol which it was c(jinposed it could deserve the name of a Navy. \cl il reUiins near ly the same organization as when il i.oii- sisied only of live irigates. i he rules and regulations i)y which it is governed urgently call for levision, and the wani of a NaVai Sciiool of InsiritCii(n, corres- pondin;,’ wall the Military Academy at West I'oin:. for the foriiia’ion ol scieii- tiiic and accom])lisiu’d olhcei's, is leit with daily iiicreastiig a.._,\;ravaiioii. 'i'he act of Congress .d'26lh .May, IS21, authoriziiig an examination and survey of tlie I’.ai ijoui’ ol Ciiarlestor., in Carolina, of St. i-.Ld v’sin (ioorgia, an 1 of the C’oast cf I'lorid.a, anti for otlier purpose.', has been execu.ed so lar as the would admit. vi-v ingthe city vv liic li lias hi rii lionored \\ v.' his name, he would have .s'j« n the spot ot'cjn whicii ho had di-stintd aiul bcfpicutlicd to i'!* uso and hi-iiclit oY his couuliy, as^lic site for ■, univ».'v.sity, still i>are and harrcn. ‘‘‘ In assuming hev sl;»tioi» among' the rivill^fi nations of the c;irthj^ it would seem tliat ol!^ country had rontr.ictcd tlie ciif^iigenKMU toci tribute lu r share oi' mind, of iahour and ,f pensi, to the iniiuovcift'nt ot those puris'^r knowledge which lie beyond the reach of ii„i‘ > idiial a';(piisition ; and particularly t(» geo 'rahi ieal and astronomical science. J.ookinT*’ to till' history only of the Lalf ccntury siuce declaration of our iiuk jiendence, :iii(io!)scr\i!,'* the generous enudatioii with wlucli the jfovxr'^ meiUs of I’r.iiice, (ii'eal. IJvitain, and Uus>i:», devoted the genius, the intcdhgence, tlie ures of their respecuve nations, to the comnio[, improvement of the specie.s in these l)r.aic||^.,' of science, is it not incumbent upon us tu quire, whether we are not hound hy oblljjation' of a ii'.gh and honorable characti.r, to contrj'’ bute our portion of energy ami exertion, to tlif common stock ? 'I'he voyages of diacoven prosecuted in the course of that time, at expense of those nations, have not oniyredom’ dedto their glory, Init to the imiirovenient oflij, man knowledge. U’c have hecn partakers (ifii,.,. imi>rovi-ineiit, and owe for it a sacred debt, no; only oi’gratitude, hut (ife(pial or proportioiul c\erli(>ii in the same common cause. Of cost of these undertakings, if the mere cxpcn" ditures of outht, etiuipment and completion tiie e\peililiou, were to be con.-.iilertd tliu oiilv fe? cliar};e-., it would he luiworlhy of a great gein rous nation to take a sccond thought. ir.mdred eNped'taHis of eircuiiiiiavigation, i;ic(. til',so of (’oak and La I’crousc. would not hur- den the exchetpier of the nation littln|r DU), so much ;ri t!ie wa} s and means of dcf!';i\. mg a single cainpai>,'-n in war. lUit if we into account the lives of those hcnefactors oi' mankind, 'if iiicli their services in th.e canscf'f tlieir species v. er.' tile jnirchase, how shall the cost of those heroic enterprises he e'-tiinatiip ,Vnd w hat coii'.pen .atiop can be n.ade to tlam, (!r to tlieir foantr es, for ihem? Is it nut In-' hearing tlii in in aHectlouatd romemiirance ^ K it nut .still more by imitr.tinj^ their exunijile ? hr j cnahhng coui.tryaien of onr own to pursue the '■ 1 same career, and to lia/'ard their lives in tlio same caiiie ? In insiting the attention of Congress to suhjcet of internal improvemt nts, iiponavievr thus 1. rdargej, it is not my design to reconiiTn.nil' aiM)ropriat!:»n would admit, 'riiosc of. ^ ,u.a I i' ,1 . ,• , ! the cj’;ij)inijnt oi an expeditioa tor circuiir,..iv. llie od ol ^^.^lTh last, au.iiol... .c, - i;^r;,tii)j;r the globe f»ir })urposes of scientilic U'. ta'^bsliineiil oi a Navy lard and Uei)ot ;i,idimjimy. We have objects of iiv.|,,i on the Coasi of Idorido, in the tiull ol inv. >tigation nearer home, aiul to which iMir Mexico, and uulhorizing ihe building ol leu sloops of war, and fon.thcr pur[j.>ses, are in tiic com se of ex' culion ; ! .>r the particulars of which, and ot*’' i' objects coimected with thi' i.)c5)ai iiiieiit, 1 relcr ivj ihe re])ort of live .'lecretuiy ol the Navy, lu rewiih x:oinmi;mealed. A rei)OTifrom the Postmaster-General is also submiUed, cxhlbiiiiig tne presetil iiourisbing condition of that Dejiui-tment. r’or the lirbt time for many yeai s, tlie re ceipts for the year eliding on toe (iist of July last, exceeded the c>.peiidiiureb dui iiig the same period, to liie amount (d’ more than forty-live lliousaiul dol lars. (nher facts njually cii-ailable I ) the atimiiiisiraiion (d' the Depaclmt ti: are, that m two years from the iirs;. ol Ju ly, 1825, an improvemeni of more tiraii one hundred and eight)-I’lve ihousaml dollars in its pecuniary alfairs iias been realized ; tnat in the same interval the increase id' the iraiisporiaUoii of liie maii has exceeded one miliioii fue iiuiidred ihousaiid miles, annually ; and lhal one tl’iousaiid and foilv new post-oiiil.es liavt been established, it Ik iice append s, tliai under judii ious maiia.jeim ni, t.ie im oiiK l’n;m tins establishment may i.'c leiica on as f.illy ade(piate lo (letray Ks expenses; and that by the discontmiiaiict; i f p;At- r(>ads, altogeliie’r uiipi Oiiuc'.iv e, others ofr.Vorc iisi l’ul ciiaracter mav lie opened, liil the cii'( ulatKHi of the niad .shail kecj) pace with the sjM'ead ofovir |)i>pulaHoii ; and the cond’oi is of Irieiidly i.orrespon- deuce, the exchanges (d’ inieriiiil Irallic, and the ligli s ;f tlie periodical press, shall i>e distributed to the remolesi cor ners of Ihe Unio!!, at a charge scarcely j)ercei)lible to aii) imlividtia!, and with out liie cost of a dollar to the public treasury, l'[)on tills iii-st oi'casion of a(hlrcssing the Le- gisl.itiire of the I'liion, wiih which 1 lia\ e been hoaored, in presc.iiiiiig to their view the exec.i- tion, so far a-, it has been cH'ccied, ol the nii'm*;- un s sanctioned by tin i.i, for |)roinoting th'j in- leriial iiiij/rovi iik nt of oiir country, 1 c.mnot close the eomiimnieat.nn without I'eeniT.inciul- iiig to tiH.ircahn aii.l pLrievi ring ('.i)n>id eratioir, the general principle in a more enlarged extent. 1 he great object of the institution (.1 civ il go\. eminent, is the .mproveniciit oV the coi.idilion of thoic who arc p.»rfie>to the social cumpaet; and no go\ eminent, in v\ hatevi r forio constitu ted, can accomplish tlie lawful emls i>f its insti tution, hut in proportion as it iiiiprini s the con- ditioii of those'ovi r whom if is i'stahlished. Uoads and Canals, by luuitipivin'' and f.icdltatiiii,'- the coiinnunications ami iiiti,icoiir.se hetui'cn distant region., and nuiltiiii.li s of m n, are a- mong the ino iinporUiut means of iriiproxe- nient. lint moral, po!itic:,l, inleih etual iiiiprove- ineiit, are duties as„i;ne.|, by th. author (,f our existence, to s'x ial, no less th.inio individual man. lur the lullihneiit ot tho-ie tlntii ■», );'o\- ernnients are invested with poutr, and to the altainaleiil ot llu'‘inl, the pro^ressi\c iinurovi'- nient of llie condition of the j;-o\,iiuil, t’iie ex ercise (d (hdcgated powir, i-, a uutv a-. saer--d and iniiispi iis.ihh-, as the Usnrpation oi' po\\ r not granti d is c/unin:d and odious, AtiiMi.t,'' the- first, perhaps tlie viry lii-s' nis'nnn- nt I'oi- the Iin|)nneineiit of ill.• condition of men, is kikmv 1- eilj^e ; and to the acipn^ition of inneli of the kiiov\ ledge adapted to the wants, the comi'orts and enjoy,-IK nts ot huinan hie, puiilic institu- lanis and seiiiin.uies of learn,n;,'' are es:-eiitial. So conviaeeil of this was th- l -st ot my prede cessors in this oliiee, now l,rst in the ii.einoiy, as, liviii}.', .le Was Iji-st in the heiirts (.f onr I'cnin- iry , tiiat mice ami ag.iin in h's addresses to the ;oni;n SIC-, w it!i whom he eo-opi rated iu the P'lld.r servie.', he eanieslly r. conunelided the estal.iisiiinent (>1 si inmaries of h ariiing, to jire- ]).iii lor .dl tlie eniergencii s ot peaci- and war— a national univers'ty, and a md.taiy acadvmy. .rarcs may he more hcnelicially applied. The interior of our own territorie.i h..s)it ' tij Very imperfectly e\plor(.d. Our cousis many lUgreesof latitude ujioii the shores of the I'acihe ocean, though much vImIciI by oursji.r- itcd eomnitrcial navigators, liave been hriivlv v isiti d by our public ships. The Uivcr of the West, lirst fully discovt-red and navig.ited hy ,i country man of our own, still hears thi' luiin of the ship in which he ascended its waters. ;\nj claims the protection of ouraruu-d nati(nal il at its moutli. With the estahlishuient of a mil itary post there, or at some other point (jf tlir coast, reeommended by my jiredecessor, and ready matured, in the deliijerations of the l.i«t Co!^),ness, I would suggest the o\pidieiicy d’ coaneeting the ecjiiipuient of a public sliip Lr the exploration ol the whole iiv>rth-weht oi' this continent. "I'lie estahlishment of an unifonn standardi; weights and measures was one of the spcr:;.; o!)jjcts c.mtcnrpl.ited i:i the formation of ■v;.' ouititution, and to fix that standard w as i Ik jI’ the powers delegated by express tvrms, ii» ti.i: instniinent, to Cong’rcss. 'I he goveriiiner.*’ol’ tireat Hritain and 1 ranee have se;i.rcely cca- i to he occnpii d with iiujuiries am'i ^petvd.itio.* on the s.mie subject, since the existeur'c if mf constitution, and with them it h.us c.K,paniU-i! in to profound, laborious, and e\])cHsive re''e..;ili' es into the tijiure of the ear~n, and the ci):n['.ir‘ ..tive length (-f the pendu'hi m vibrating III various latitudes from the Kquator to'.ne I’olc. Thi;se researches have resalted in t'le conipobitioii and p uiil. cation of scver.d vv(nl:i li'H'hly int',re.sting to t nc cause of .science. Th; I Ajieriiiieiits are yet ni the process of peHur.n* .tiice. Some ot ll.(;iu have recently bet n ii:;u'.» on our ov.n shore,, within the walls of (inc cf uur own Colh ge s, and partly by one of oiirovn fellow-citize us. It would he honorable to wf country if the s( ipiel of the s-.ime ixperiiiuin should be c(«uiitenance*d by the patronage (it'n’.!’ govermr .eiit, as they have hitherto been hv tii' .5 ot l-’ra ice and nriiain. Co.meeted with the cstahlishmCnt (S a I ver’/,t\, or separate from it, might he im i'r^.i- ke II till- (i-ection of an a tronomi'':d ohseis;i!o- I'y, With provi.ion for the support of an xstnin- oni( r, to be in cimstant attendance of oh.>e;'i- I tion upon the ])henoim-na of the heavens; av.n for the periodical puolication of hisohser‘ aii''iiS. It is with no fei.hng of jiridc, as an Aimrii’un, that the n mark may he niadi, dial on the (-ditI' ])atali\ely small territorial s»irl.*ce ot l.iii'f’pi'! till re aie existing upwards of one huiuhed :r.. thirty ef these h.ght-houses of die skies; vvii;i(* throu_i‘;hoiif the whole American heinisplare, there is not one. If w e relied a n '.im nt ii]'"!! the discoverii s, whi(di. in die last ioiireenliirus have been made in the phvsieal coif-litutiou oi the universe, by the mean-* of these IniiM : P' and of ('^servers staiioned in them, sha.I doubt of the il' uselulness to cv ei'V n.ilion ' A'd w liile se.UTi ly a _v ear |ia; si'S ov er oni: h. ad'' out bringing toine new ;islrnnomie.d d;se i''^ to h;,dil, which we must fain receive at se | h.iiid Iroiii I'airope, are we not culting ie,r- .'O oil' Iron; the im aiis of n turning hght t' rli,;'"^ wIiiK we have in ither oljscrv a*ory nor n'lseivi * upon onr halt ot tlie gloiie, and the e .rlli Uj vol\e^ in pi.rpetual darkness tu our iin.s^';U'c.ii>i,, eyes ^ , W lien, on the 25lh of October, dif' rrisideiit of the I'niteil Sl,.tes annouiifvd Tongress the result of the lirst en'tmeia^''''“* the inhahitants oi'this I'nion, he inlornud tlnit the returns c the pleasing as'iir.iiu‘‘| the populatiini ot' tiie Cnitcd M.ites hoV'Ii on ti.ur millions of persons. At the dist:u'.i thirty y l ar.s irom that timi'. llic last eiiuiin rabi'^'« hve years since coiiiph lid, presented a iioji'i-*' lion uordering upon ten millions, rerh.il". all the ev ileliees of ;i pl'ospt rolls and iKipl’.' dition of human socii 'y, the rapiditv ol die I'j- crease (d' population is the most uiicipiiv Mut the (leiiionsli'atMUi ol our ])rospei'ilv ri ■ III t alone upon this indication. (»nr 'oiniii> ''*’• onr wealtii, and tue exieiit (d' our terriU’fi''> hav e increaseil in corresponding propKrlK"'"’ and the mimiii r >f iudepeiiilei.t conuinini'"’^ associated in our i\ah-r..l t nion, l'.;is, :>!iHetii' tune, nearly doubled, 'rhe legidat.vi- repi''- selilatioli of die Stat s ami peojd.', in the liousi s of t (),i}rr-‘s, h:.s gi'ewn with the ' of th'.'ir c(nisUtuviit budies, 'the llouse, 'vlii'.i
The Journal (Salisbury, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Dec. 20, 1825, edition 1
2
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