THE VICTOHSr OP MRS. GAINES.
The annals of litigation famish no more inter
esting or peculiar ease than that of Mrs. Myra
Clark Gaines, which has for many years occupied
a prominent position before not only the legal
profession but the eyes of the world.
Daniel Clark was one of the early settlers in the
colony of Louisiana. His business tact soon
placed him at the head of its monetary world,
while his popular character and agreeable man
ners afforded him a similar position in the social
circle. In 1802 he became acquainted in Phila-
delphia with a lady of extraordinary personal
n : eu 'A
..... .
I, J A TV M.a
were emigrants from Provence.
' .
When Clark nrst
TO;i,
met ner, sne cad been living in wedlock with a
swindler named Jerome De Grange, who, having
dazzled her with a glittering coronet, married her,
and then disclosed the astounding fact that he
was a confectioner and a bigamist. Zulime ap
pealed for protection to Clark, who, being warm
hearted and chivalrous, at once espoused her
cause, and after being convinced that De Grange
had another wife living, espoused her himself.
The marriage was kept secret, and in 1806, IVIyra,
now Mrs. Gaines, was born. Poing naturally
.desirous of having her connection with Clark a
publicly acknowledged one, Zulime went to New
-Orleans to obtain legal proofs of her first hus
band's rascality. While 6he was gone, Clark, who
had become an influential politician, became ena
mored of Miss Caton, a grand-daughter ofClias.
Carroll, with whom he contracted an engagement,
but when reports were brought to Miss Caton
alleging her lover's marriage to Zulime, she at
.once insisted upon a release from the engagement,
and she subsequently became the Marchioness of
Wellesley.
In the meantime, Zulime had returned to Phil
adelphia, and sought to obtain proofs of her mar
riage with Clark, who had, with singular treachery,
destroyed all that he could discover. Finding
herself helpless, in a strange country, and with a
child dependent upon her, she was wholly at a
loss what to do, and in her destitution, driven
almost to despair, she accepted the hand of Dr
Gardctte, who united his fortune with hers.
Clark, in the meantime, had become penitent, but,
on hastening to find his former love, ascertained
that she was the wife of another. lie took the
child, Myra, placed her under the care of a friend,
and had her most liberally educated. Zulime
lived for a long time after that, attained the age of
78 years, and died at New Orleans but a few years
.since.
Clark, whose business talent was proverbial,
amassed an immense fortune in Louisiana, Mis
souri, Kentucky and Maryland, which he be
queathed by will, in 1813, to his mother, Mary
Clark, naming Beverly Chew and Richard Relf,
bankers of New Orleans, as executors. Charges
have been preferred against the executors of bad
faith and mismanagement, but however that may
be, Myra then Mrs. Whitney having dis
covered at maturity that her mother had been the
wife of the deceased millionaire, with an impulse
of honorable affection for which she cannot be too
highly praised, determined to assert her right, as
the legitimate child and consequent heiress to the
entire property.
That she met with opposition and with obsta
cles of all sorts may well be imagined, but she
battled for her rights against the most fearful
odds. Her husband died, but she re-married, and
in so doing enlisted a powerful auxillery in the
person of Gen. Gaines, who believed in her legiti
macy and aided her with all his might. It would
be wearisome merely to index the various legal
struggles, the attempted social ostracisms, the
treacheries, experienced by Mrs. Gaines in this
work of her lifetime. She sued in numerous
courts, and with varied success, until her fortune
.was gone, her friends convinced of the uselessness
sof further trial, and all but her own indomitable
spirit fld. She still struggled on, and, as a last
resort, 'brought the case in its amplitude and its
labyrinths of legal technicalities to the Supreme
Court of the land. There, after a long and
.patient hearing, she has obtained her victory.
Th,e Court has unanimously decided that Myra
-Clark Gaines is the ouly legitimate child of
Daniel Clark, and that, as such, she is entitled to
all the property left by him. .Nor are the years
and energies of the courageous woman too far
spent to prevent her enjoyment of her vast
wealth.
-1 SI iff ht Difference.
Railroad Iron. The new Northern United
. States' Tariff of 1861, known as the Morril Tariff,
imposes the following duty: 4,On all iron import
ed in bars for railroads or inclined planes, made to
patterns, and fitted to be laid down upon such
roads or planes without further manufacture, and
.not exceeding six inches high, twelve dollars per
ton."
The Tariff adopted by the Confederate States
impose3 the following duty: Iron in bars, bolts,
rods, slabs, railroad rails, spikes, fishing plates and
chairs used in constructing railroads, ten per cent
um ad valorem.
There is this slight difference. Taking the
average cash value of railroad iron in England at
$37 per ton. the duty on such at the port of Char
leston would be S3 70 at the port of Wilming
ton it would be $12 per ton, and this is only a
plight specimen, railroad iron being somewhat fa
vored under the Morril Tariff, other bar iron pay
ing fifteen dollars per ton.
The awfully complicated schedules with respect
to calicoes and other textile fabrics, under the
Northern Tariff, must immensely increase the cost
.of collecting the revenue on the little sum of ex-
forts that do not find their way through the light-y-taxed
ports of the Confederated States. If Mr
Lincoln would defend his authority and the organ
ization of this Government against dying atrophy,
he had better call Congress together to frame a
reasonable tariff. Under existing circumstances,
he cannot collect enough revenue to pay the new
recruits, let alone find pap for the hungry vetrans
of the abolition army. Wilmington Journal.
An Extra Session of Congress. The opin
ion prevails among political circles at Washington
that Lincoln will soon be compelled to call an ex
tra session of Congress. There are many necessi
ties for it; but there would be justification enough
in the call if it were made simply for the purpose
of repealing an act entitled an act to regulate the j
duties upon imports, &c, known as the Morrill
'Tariff bill.
Tx ' ,
Love in a.--A few days ago, a young ;
lady in East Boston, Mass , who had consented to (
the last wishes of her Joyer , sick with cons urn p. ,
-lion, named William Ricker, to be united to him j
before he died, arrived at the appointed hour m
her bridal robe only to una mat Ac naa aiea an
hour before
.of New York, who had heen married two weeks,
found a lady's glove in the pocket of her husband,
who is an actor, and on Monday took poison, leav
ing a note on the bed near her body, stating that
if he loved any one better than her she -did not
jw sot to live. She had taken corrosive sublimate.
THE SOUTHEEN CONGRESS
Adjourned on Saturday the ICth inst., to meet
again in May. Before adjournment, the following
resolutions and act were passed:
Resolved, That the Congress do recommend to
the respective States to cede the forts, arsenals,
navy yards, dock yards and other public establish
ments within their respective limits, to the Confed
erate States, and moreover to cede so much of
the public lands reserved heretofore by the Gov
ernment of the United States, or other public va
cant tneir reap-. .., a ui-j u
' necessary for timber or lumber for naval or other
cant lands in their respective limits, as may be
I purposes of public concern, and that the president
rf i VinrrrncD Vr -A..iinctM nnnitminiputo this rnaA.
! , . ? V M 7u cl .
! lotion to the Governors ot the respective States.
Resolved, further. That in case of such cession,
the President be and and he is hereby authorized
and empowered to take charge of any property
ceded.
An act to authorize the transit of merchandize
through the Confederate States:
The Congress enacts that goods, wares and mer
chandize imported from any foreign country, may
bo entered and have transit through the Confed
erate States free of duty, subject to such regula
tions as the Secretary of the Treasury from time
to time shall make, and the said Secretary of the
Treasury shall have power to make such regula
tions as he may deem expedient for the safety of
the revenue and for the public convenience, which
regulations may be enforced in the manner pre
scribed by the law as to other legulations in re
lation to the revenue. .
FROM WASHINGTON.
The Abolition Administration is roundly abused
by friends and foes. Lincoln is now universally
admitted to be weak, vacillating and unreliable.
He is afraid to take the responsibility either of
opposing the Southern Government, or of acknowl
edging it.
Tlie argus-eyed politicians of the Republican
stamp are now fondly hoping that, as the last re
sort, Gov. Sam. Houston will find sufficient sup
port in Texas to create a serious defection there.
It is whrered that Gov. Houston's antagonism
to the Confederate States, is caused by his long
cherished design of effecting a Republic from the
Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific, including Texas,
New Mexico, New Leon, Coahuila, Chihuahua and
Sonora, and that he meets with great encourage
ment from the Republicans, who seize with avidi
ty an means to checkmate the extension of
slavery in the direction of Mexico.
I am reliably informed that the new ministers
will be instructed to propose to England, France
and Spain a formal guarantee of their talked-of
protectorate over Mexico, and also assurances to
Spain of the undisturbed possession of Cuba, pro
vided these great powers will refuse to recognize
the independence of the Confederate States.
It is estimated that there are between five and
ten thousand applications already for appointments
connected with the Post Office Department. The
number of letters daily received is unprecedented-
ly large, sometimes amounting to six or seven
hundred.
Washington, March 21. Administration cir
cles report, with an air of authority, that no rein
forcements will be sent South, and no orders have
been issued to reinforce Fort Pickens. This is
considered reliable.
The Confederate Commissioners, it is said, have
been assured that Fort Sumter would have been
evacuated yesterday, but was temporarily post-
oned on account of some military technicality.
The National Intelligencer, of this morning,
contains a six-column leader on national affairs.
Considerable importance is attached to this, from
the reported fact that it was revised in Adminis
tration quarters. It favors a National Convention
and reconstruction. It says that as soon as it shall
be apparent that the people of the seceded States
desire permanent separation, it would seem to be
the part of wisdom and sound policy for the United
States to acquiesce in that desire through a Na
tional Convention.
It is now generally conceded that an extra ses
sion of Congress must be called to get the Gov
ernment out of its present plight. Nobody be
lieves that Lincoln means to shoulder the responsi
bility either of surrendering or attempting to hold
the Southern forts. The problem of replenishing
the treasury begins to loom up with a very serious
aspect. The Morrill tariff, denounced without
stint by friends and foes, will not mend matters.
The Union, in fact, is financially, as well as politi
cally, defunct.
One hundred and fifty volunteers from thi3 city
have offered their military services to the Con
federate States. They are ready to leave as foon
as an answev is received that they will be accepted.
Horrible case of Poisoning at Rockford,
Il.L. Thirteen Persons Dead. The Cincinnati
Gazette has reports of a horrible case of poisoning
at Rockford, 111 , by which a whole family, con
sisting of father, mother and eleven children, have
been destroyed. The poisoning was produced by
eating pork, in the curing of which some deadly
substance, (probably blue vitriol,) had been used
by mistake for saltpetre. The father, who died
first, was buried on Saturday, on which day the
rest, of the family died. They were buried on
Sunday, hearses having to be procured from the
neighboring towns.
Property Surrendered in Tf.vas. The -San
Antonio (Texas) Herald of the 23d ult , says that
the following is a list of the property given up to
the State by Gen. Twiggs :
1,800 mules, valued at S50 each,
500 wagons, at SI 40 each,
950 horses, valued at $150 each,
500 harness, valued at $50 each.
Tools, wa;on materials, iron, nails, horse
and mule shoes,
$90,000
90,000
142,500
25,000
250,000
7,000
150,000
75,000
400,000
Corn (at this port,)
t lotniiir.
Commissary stores,
Ordnance stores,
Total, $1,229,500
E
Exclusive of public buildings, to which the Fed- I
ral Government has a title. Much of the prop- j
erai Uovernment nas a tine. JMuch ot the prop
erty is estimated at the original cost, its value in
Texas beincr much greater, and worth to the State
at leat a million and a half of dollars.
Traokdt. The McNutt (Sunflower county,
Miss.,) Sentinel, of last week gives an accouut of
a mencho t d enacted on Jone3. Bayou, a
few . in which two men were killed, and
the otrone of tfce ieg ghot th h Ae
hand A man named Murfree into a difficu,
t wUh hig ove named Youn : Murfree at-
teinpted ghoot Youngf when Mrs Young came
forward and begged him not to shoot her husband.
Murfree fired and the ball took effect in the wo-
man's hand. Young then rushed upon Murfree,
and in attempting to take the pistol from his
hand was shot in the abdomen, he then beat Mur
free to death with the psitol. Young has since
died. Murfree was supposed to be laborins under
. - a " ' " W
.effects o.f ptajtiia-a-potu.
WESTERN DEMOCKAT, CHAELOTTE,
THE
CONSTITUTION OP THE
CON-
FEDERATE STATES.
Vice-President Stephens was enthusiastically re
ceived at Augusta,-Gau,ba his way to Savannah.
! In a speech acknowledging the reception, he took
occasion to explain the benefits of the Constitution
of the Confederate States as contrasted with that
of the Union from which they have withdrawn.
In the first place, Congress is forbidden from
fostering one branch of industry at the expense
of another. Thus the merchant, the mechanic, the
business man, and the laborer, are all placed upon
the same footing in that respect one interest has
no more claim to the protection of the Govern
ment than another; and, therefore, honest labor
can now woik its own reward, by energy, industry,
and perseverance. This he considered a wise
provision ; it settled the question of protection for
ever. In the second place, the question of internal im
provements was also settled. Under the old. Con
stitution, the improvements iu one State were made
often at the expense of another. Thus, for in
stance, Georgia, which had acquired the title of
Empire State on account of her numerous im
provements, had to pay several millions of dollars
to the General Government, by way of duties, on
the very iron which she used in those improve
ments ; and out of these duties money was taken
to improve Northern harbors and rivers. This
was manifestly unjust, and was entirely obviated
by the new Constitution. Under this one, each
section can make its own improvements, and is
authorized to levy a tax upon those who are bene
fited by such improvements. Thus, if Savannah
desires to improve her harbor, she can do so, and
then levy a tax or duty upon the commerce benefi
ted by such improvements. If Mobile or New
Orleans, or any other port, desires to make improve
ments, they all have the same privilege, and hence
Georgia will not have to pay for improving Mobile
harbor, and vice versa. In a word, those who re
ceive the benefits, will have to pay for them.
This provision he considered wise and just.
In the third place and this is a very important
improvement upon the old Constitution the pub
lic money is protected. We have been accoustom
ed, in the old country, to hear the Presidents
charged with the extravagance of the public ex
penditures. Thus we had heard of the extrava
gances of Jno. Cjuincy Adams, ot Andrew Jackson,
of Martin Van Ruren, and finally, of Jas. Buchan
an ; but these extravagances were not really char
geable to the Presidents. Their estimates of the
probable expenditures had fallen short of the re
ality; thus, in some cases, the expenditures had
increased two"or three millions over the estimates;
and, in the case of Mr. Buchanan, as much as
twenty millions. His estimates were sixty mil
lions, and yet Congress had appropriated eighty
millions. It was generally the fault of the Con
gress, and the result of logrolling by the members.
As, for instance, on the last night of a session, it
frequently happened that in the hurry of finish
ing the business of the session, and passing the
appropriation bill, some member would succeed in
fastening upon it an appropriation of a million
here, and another million some where else all
done without reflection, and often by an irresponsi
ble body of men men whose time ot service was
completed, and who would, perhaps, never return
to Congress. But all this is obviated by the new
Constitution. The Congress of the Confederate
States can only make such appropriations as the
Presidcut recommends; or, if they exceed these, it
must be done by a vote of two-thirds of both Hou
ses. Thus you sec, my countrymen, that a very im
portant point is gained. You have the public
treasury well guarded, and you can hold the Presi
dent responsible at the ballot box, if he rushes the
Government into extravagant expenditures. It
makes no difference how much business a merch
ant transacts no difference how much profit ari
ses if there are too many hands in the till, he is
bound to be ruined. As mercantile men, you will
understand and appreciate this illustration. And
ihe illustration applies to the Government Treasu
ry as well. But that, I think, is now properly
guarded and so we have another improvement
npon the old Constitution.
In the fourth place and this is the principal
and most important point of all we have settled,
forever, the great question which was the prime
cause of our separation from the United States I
mean the question of African slavery. The old
Constitution set out with a wrong idea on this sub
ject; it was based upon an erroneous principle ; it
was founded upon the idea that African slavery is
wrong, and.it looked forward to the ultimate ex
tinction of that institution. But time has proved
the error, and we have corrected it in the new
Con tltution. We have based ours upon the
piinciple of jhe inequality of races, and the princi
ple is spreading it is becoming appreciated and
better understood : and though there are many
even in the South who are still in the shell upon
this smject, 'et the day is not far distant when it
will be generally understood and appreciated not
only in the South, but everywhere else. The
world is rapidly progressing in its views on this
subject, and in a very few jrears we may witness
great changes in respect to this institution.
Suicide. Mr Edwin Wall, a native and for
many years a resident of this county, but for the
past two or three years of Carrol county. Miss.,
committed suicide a few days since by taking
strychnine. Mr W. was well known throughout
this section of the State, and universally esteemed
as a most noble, and worthy man, and few there
are whose death would be more generally mourned.
Surrounded, seemingly, by all that could make
life desirable, enjoying the confidence and love of
all who knew him, he has thus suddenly and un
accountably put an end to his existence. He
leaves a wife and three small children. His age
was about 48.
We learn that Mr W. was laboring under tem
porary aberration of mind and that he refus
ed persistently the aid of physicians who were
summoned soon enough probably to have relieved
him Wadesboro Art us.
French Recognition. Wc learn from a tel
egraphic dispatch, received yesterday by a mer
cantile house of our city, that the proper officer at
the Custom House at Havre, France, has notified
the merchants of that place that ships from the
seceded States will be admitted into that port on
the same footing as those carrying the Federal
flag. Charleston Courier, 19th inst.
Tit for Tat. At St. Pauls, Minnesota, a Rev.
Mr Fisk declared that "John Brown was a second
Jesus Christ." Some sensible men assembled to
consider certain political matters concerning the
domestic interests of Minnesota, and in view of the
above, adopted the following:
Whereas, the Rev. Mr Fisk, of St Paul, has
declared from the pulpit "that John Brown was a
second Jesus Christ," therefore, '-
Resolved, That Mr Fisk has made himself a
second Ba lam's Ass; Provided, however, nothing
herein is intended to slander the original ass by
intimating that Mr Fisk is Jus lineal descendant.
DEBATE IN THE SENATE.
There has been some spicy debates in -the U. S.
Senate recently on the construction of Lincoln's
Inaugural one - between Douglas and Fessenden
was a little exciting.
Mr Douglas complained that Senators had answer
ed his nrgument only by personalities. He con
tinued, at length, and in the course of his remarks
alluded to the Senators on the Republican side of
the chamber.
Mr. Fessenden said that the Senator was mista
ken if he alluded to him.
Mr. Douglas, 1 did not mention the Senator
from Maine.
Mr. Fesseden. You said "the. Senator from
iuaiiie.
Mr. Douglas. I said
came." (Laughter.)
Mr. Fesoenden. Then
"from wherever they
I did not understand
the Senator.
Mr. Douglas. I know but you cannot under
stand the truth when it is told.
Mr. Fessenden said that several gentlemen
around him heard Mr. Douglas say "the Senator
from Maine."
Mr Douglas was surprised that the Sciator from
Elaine seemed to think every attack was meant for
him, as if he was the only man in the chamber.
He was a Senator of respectable ability, and he
sometimes listened to him with pleasure, but there
were other Senators besides him. He commented
upon the attempts which had been made to gag
him.
Mr Fessenden said there had been no attempt
made to gag the Senator. Everybody understood
the Senator to have used the words "Senator from
Maine."
Mr Douglas wished to know if it was not the
most ordinary courtesy when a gentleman misun
derstood another, to accept his correction.
Mr Fessenden. If the Senator says he did not
mean it.
Mr Douglas (excitedly) I say it is false.
(Vice President "order," "order.") Ihe Sena
tor knows it to be false. (Vice President The
Senator is out of order.)
Mr Fessenden said that if the Senator from Il
linois wished to make a personal difficulty with
him, he would not succeed. He had spoken of
him as very respectable. He would grant that
Mr D.'s talents were more than respectable nay,
he would admit that Mr D. was as great a man as
he (Mr D ) believed himself to be, but he could
not admit him to be a gentleman, because he did
not act like one. (Applause.) As to an attempt
to gag, every Senator knew that Divine power had
given to Mr D. the greatest capacity to talk of any
man in the world, and he doubted if anything less
than Divine power could keep him from speaking.
Mr Douglas said that as the Senator had intima
ted his purpose to settle the difficulty outside of the
Senate, he should not further allude to it.
Mr Fessenden declared he had said no such
thing;
he desired to know if Mr Douglas
recogrn-
zed the code
Mr Douglas I assure the Senator he will be
responded to when he makes the inquiry in proper
form.
Mr Fessenden said that Mr Douglas need not
apprehend a hostile message from him. He de
fined his position on the subject of the code.
Mr Douglas responded, reviewing all the pro
ceedings which had led to the difficulty, and con
tended that it begun by Mr Fessenden doubting
his (Mr D.'s'l word.
Mr Hale said he had something to say in re
sponse to Mr Douglas' onslaught on the Republi
cans. He read, amid roars of laughter, the 4th
verse of IV Pf.alm.
Mr Douglas said that it might be funny, but it
was not statesmanlike to answer argument by per
sonal attacks, as had been done by the Senators
from Massachusetts, Maine and New Hampshire
From the Wadesboro Argus.
LOOK OUT FOR the COUNTERFEITER.
A person passed through this place on Thurs
day night, the 14th inst., evidently having in his
possession a large amount of counterfeit money,
judging from the quantity he uttered during the
short time he was in this place. The individual
calls himself Davis, and put out that he was from
Mississippi. He is about six feet high, upright
in his carriage, heavy whiskers, with color tending
towards chestnut, hair a decided chestnut. Quick
in his speech, eyes light-blue, showing a good deal
of white. High cheek bones, and face rather
broad and intelligent. He had when here, an old
bay horse with a white spot on his neck, with a
wagon saddle. His clothing rough, and wearing
shawl and leggings. Saddle bags good. He pass
ed about $70 here, all on the same bank and of
the same denomination 10's. The note pur
ports to be on the Commerical Bank of Columbia,
S. C, letter A, and is No. 337 in two places, the
first is old brownish ink, the second is blue-black
date Feb. 19th, 1849 Feb. 19 in the same fady
ink as the first No., but "th" and "49," in the
blue-black ink. The signature of the President
looks something like J. A. Cunif'ord; but the
Cashier B. D. Boyd, is quite distinct. Both the
signatures and all the filling in, except the first
numbering and Feb. 19, are evidently done by
the one hand. The scroll across the right end of
the note has an X in "the middle, slightly turned,
the outer part leaning towards the top of the note,
the inner towards the bottom. The paper is very
thin and rough. The word TEN is in red ink,
and has been quite recently put on, still having the
gloss upon it. This note purports to have been
engraved by Bawdon, Wright & Hatch, New York.
Our impression is, that only Notes engraved by
the American Bank Note Company have the red
I printing on them.
j Look out for this man. It is not known what
j direction he took alter leaving here. He may still
De in iNorth Uarohna, or he may have gone into
South Carolina. If still in this State, he may at
tempt to utter only South Carolin i money ; but if
in the latter State he may put in circulation North
Carolina money.
This scamp was seen here on the night of the
15th, and attempted to steal a nej:ro woman belong
ing to Mr. T. M. Hamilton. He was puisued, but
escaped.
It is highly probable that this man is only one
of a gang who are operating in this section.
The Southern Commissioners to Eugland and
France. The appointment by President Davis of
three Commissioners, Messrs. Yancey, Mann and
Host, to visit England and "France for th mr.
j pose of securing the recognition by those powers
.a U i j r A .
ie inuepeuueui government oi the Confed
erate States has somewhat startled the Lincoln
Administration. It is understood they are about
to despatch a secret agent to Europe, with instruc
tions to inform those Governments of the policy to
be pursued by the new Administration, and there
by forestalling and defeating the object and pur
pose of the mission of the Southern Commissioners.
The same course is to be pursued respecting other
Governments. Despatches will, probably be sent
to Mexico for the purpose of heading off Jefferson
Davis in his efforts to secure recognition by the
Juarez Government. ?
N. C
ALBERMARLE AND CHESAPEAKE
; ' '' CAN AIi.
This important work, sometimes known as the
"Big Ditch," has so far progressed towards com
pletion as to be navigable for steam boats "and tho
smaller class of coasting vessels. Since the open
in? for n avi sa tion. upwards of four thousand sail-
i ing vessels, steam boats and canal barges have
passed through it, . carrying to the markets of
! Norfolk, Richmond, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New
I York, Alexandria, and the West India Islands
j nearly 100,000 tons of the productions of the
I SfntP Though thfl work is unfinished and im
provements are to be made in the rivers leading to
it, yet it is fair to presume its tonnage exceeds al
ready any other work of internal improvement
in the State.
Albemarle, Pamlico and Currituck Sounds re
ceive the waters of the principal rivers of the State,
and, with their many branches, are navigable for
steamers and other craft for 1,800 miles. When it is
considered the vast extent of territory watered by
these rivers, all bringing down the varied produc
tions of the State, seeking an outlet to the markets
of the world, then the importance of this improve
ment may be justly estimated.
North Carolina may also be proud of inaugura
ting a new era in canal navigation. The Albe
marle and Chesapeake canal is the first and only
work in the world, perhaps, where steam is the
only motive power used.
Then again it is the first and largest, work of
the kind where steam and gunpowder are exclu
sively used in excavating the canal. Not a day's
work was done by the "pick-axe or spade or the
'shovel and the hoe."
In its capacity for navigation, it exceeds any
other on the Atlantic coast, and is four times that
of the great Erie canal of New York:
A vessel passed through some weeks since having
a cargo consisting of 8,500 bush, of corn and 450
bales of cotton. The locks will admit vessels of
four times this capacity when the work is entirs
ly completed. From a recent report of the com
pany it appears the following quantity of produce
has passed through their canal during the past
three months: 12,000 bales cotton; 7,500 bbls
naval stores; 300,000 bushels wheat and peas;
800,000 feet plank and scantling; 9,400,000 shin
gles; 1,032,000 oak staves; 480,000 feet tun timber;
besides large quantities of railroad ties, fire wood,
&e , &c , and about 4,000 tons of groceries, dry
goods, guano, &c, have been brought into the
State. State Journal.
INDIANS AFTER A MAIL COACH.
The Mesilla Valley Times records numerous de
predations of the Navajo Indians all along the
border, among which is the following account of
a chase after a mail coach :
The fact that the Indians had but three horses,
and were entirely destitute of fire arms, was the
only thing that prevented the stage from being
cut off and the inmates massacred. The Indians,
to the number of seventy, were discovered ap
proaching the road from a pass in the mountains,
with the evident intention of getting ahead of the
stage. The driver crowded the mules to their ut
most, and succeeded in making such rapid head
way as to avoid an attack from the whole party at
once. Not more than twenty Indians succeeded
in reaching the stage at the same time, and for
most of the way the attack was kept up by only
from nine to twelve They would come up, three
upon each horse, and dismount, leaving the ani
mals hitched to the bushes, to be mounted in turn
by others on foot. By these relays they succeed
ed in keeping a party of fresh men . constantly
around the coach.
This running fight was kept tip for more than
nine miles, and the Indians succeeded twice in
stopping the stage, and ran it out of the road sev
eral times. They wounded the driver in the
thigh with an arrow, but not seriously, and also
one of the mules in the head. There were five
men in the stage three passengers, the conductor
and driver. All were armed with revolvers, but
there was only one gun among the party. They
kept up a consant fire while the Indians were in
range, and are confident thy killed three, besides
wounding many more.
A Word to Planters. We trust, says the
Columbus (Ga.) Sun, the citizens of the Confede
rate States will inaugurate this year a system of
agriculture at variance with the former usages and
customs. We would, if possible, urge npon every
planter, large or small, rich or poor, to cultivate
less land in cotton, and cultivate it better, handle
it more carefully, and bale it well. Let the motto
of every planter be quality, without regard to
quantity. The result of such a course will be a
better article of cotton, bringing a better price.
More corn and small grain, fat horses, hogs and
cattle, and fewer over-worked masters and servants,
fields left in a better condition, and some time du
ring the year for rest and enjoyment. The Con
federate States of America is and should become
the garden spot of the world, as well as the most
wealthy and intelligent republic on the globe.
Her sous and daughters can make her so, and none
can contribute more to so desirable an attainment
than the farmer and planter.
A new post office, called "ludi n Trail," ha?
been established in Union county, in this State.
Stale of H. C arolina, Union county.
Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions Jany Term, 1861.
The following is a list of the tracts of Land returned
into Court by U.Austin. Sheriff, to be sold for the taxes
due for the years hereinafter specified, viz: ,
One tract listed by P. W. Grout, containing 1C9
acres, lyii.g on the waters of Crooked Creek; taxes due
for 1856, '57, '58 and '59.
One tract listed by - John J. Ilale, containing 240
acres, lying on the waters of Richardson's creek;taxes
due for 1858 and '59.
One tract listed by Marquis Matto. containing 100
acres, lying on the waters of Lane's creek; taxes due
for the years 1856, '57. '58 and '59.
ii appearing to tne satisfaction of the Court that P.
. urout, joun J. Hale and Marquis Matto reside be
yond the limits of this State, it is therefore ordered by
the Court that publication be made in the Western
Democrat, for six successive weeks, notifying said non
resident defendants that their tracts of land have been
returned into Coirt to be sold for taxes due thereon.
Witness, J. F. Hough, clerk of our said Court at office
in Mouroe, the first Monday in January, A. D. 1861, and
in the 85th year of our Independence.
J. F. HOUGH, Clerk.
56-6t pr adv $6.
THE CLOSING YEARS OF LIFE are often render
ed wretched by aliments which are trifling in themselves and
easily cured if laken in time. Aflection of the Liver, sto
mach, and dher organs concerned in digestion, are the most
fWqueii:. They naturally make the sufferer nervous, irrita
ble, and complaining, and relatives and friends are forced lo
bear the brunt ot their ill humor The nee of Hosteller's
Celebrated Stomach Bitters will prove an efficient remrdy
for i his evil. It will not only strengthen the whole physical
organization, but entirely cure the most obstinate cases of
Indigestion, Diarrhoea, Dysentery, and Liver Complaint.
I he first physicians in the eountry are loud in their praise of
this preparation. Another recommendation of the Buiers is
that it is so palatable to the taste tbat it my be used even as
a bverage. -
For sale by E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO-
MRS. WINSLOW, an experienced nurse, and female
physician, has a Soothing Syrup for children leething.whica
greatly facilitates the process of teething by softening i ha
gums, reducing alt inrlamation will allay ail pain, and it
sure to regulate the bowels. Depend upon it, mothers, h
will give rest to yourselves, and relief and health to yonr
infants. Perfectly safe in all cases. See advertisement ic
another column.
Accidental Death -Mr Burrill Atkinson
residing about eight miles and a half from town
on Brown's Creek, was accidentally killed while
returning from Court on Thursday afternoon of
last week. . It appears from the evidence before
the Coroner's jury, that after turning from the
main road towards his house, his horse ran away
with him and stepped into a deep wash in the road
throwing Mr A. violently forward on his face,
crushing in his forehead and breaking his neck.
Mr A. was not found until next morning; his fami.
ly supposing by his absence that he was still in
town. Wadesboro Argus.
PLANTATION FOR SALE.
On TUESDAY, the 26th day of MARCH instant,
on the premises, I will sell that valuable Plant,
tion on which the late Andrew Springs, Esq. lived. It
is situated on the line of the A. Tenn.& Ohio Railroad,
one hour's iide from Charlotte and 3 miles frora
Davidson College, and contaius about 80o acres. Th
land is in a high state of cultivation. On the preuil.
ses i3 a handsome and convenient Dwelling and aline,
cessary out houses. The location is healthy and the
neighborhood agreeable. Sale positive.
Terms, twelve months credit with interest from datt,
Feb. 19, 1861.
6t
T. H. BREM, Ex'r.
NOTICE.
All persons indebted to the estate of James Lonergnn,
dee'd, are requested to come forward immediately acj
make payment to the undersigned.
And all p' rsons having claims against said estatt
must present them within the time prescribed by law,
or this notice will be pleaded in bar of their recovery,
S. M. HOWELL, Adm'r.
March 12, 1861. lm
Slate of North Carolina, Gaston Co.
Superior Court of Late Fall Term, 1860.
Rachel Cashion vs. Robeson Cashion.
Petition for Divorce.
It appearing to the satisfaction of the Court tbat
Robeson Cashion, the defendant in this suit, is not an
inhabitant of this State. Therefore, ordered by tbt
Court here that publication be made in the Western
Democrat, a paper published in Charlotte, in the abova
named State, for six weeks successively, that the said
Robeson Cashion be and appear at the next Superior
Court of Law to be held for the county of Gaston, at
the court-house in Dallas on the ninth Monday after
the fonrtb Monday in February, A. D., 1861, to plead,
answer or demur to the Plaintiffs petition aforesaid, or
the same will be taken pro confesso and heard accord
ingly.
Witness, J. G. Lewis, clerk of onr said cort, at
office in Dallas, the JHb Mondar after the 4th Monday
in August, A. D., 18G0. Issued the 2d of March, 1861.
J. G. LEWIS, C. G. S. C.
March 12, 1861 6w pr adv $6
State of ftoi Hi Carolina, Gaoton Co
Superior Court of Law Fall Term, 1860.
Sally Crow vs. Ephraim Crow.
Petition for Divorce.
It appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that
Ephraiin Crow, the Defendent iu this suit, is not an in
habitant of this State. Therefore, ordered by lha .
Court here that publication be made in the Western
Democrat, a paper published in Charlotte, in the above
named State, for six weeks successively, that the said
Ephraim Crow bo and appear at thu next Superior
Court of Law to be held for the county of Gaston at
the court-house in Dallas on the ninth Monday after tho
fourth Monday in February, A. D., 186, then and there
to plead, answer or demur to Plaintiff's petition, or the
same will be taken pro cout'esso and heard accord
ingly.
Witness, J. G. Lewis, clerk of our said court, at
office in Dallas, the i)ih Monday after the 4lh Moudaj
in August, A. D. 1860. Issued the 2d March, 1861.
J. G. LEWIS, C. G. S. C.
March 12, 1861 6w pr adv $6
O . IS . II A U D I N G ,
Lincolntun, N. C,
Beg3 leave to inform the citizens of Lincoln and sur
rounding counties, that he has permanently located in
the town of Lincolnton, where he will carry on the
Watch and Jewelry Business
In all its various branches. Strict attention will be
paid to the repairing of Watches and Jewelry. All
fine Watches warranted to give satisfaction, if w ell
used, or no charges made.
List of prices for Work.
Mainspring and cleaning watch, $2.50; jewels, rnp
and foot, each, 75c; cap foot-hold jewel, each, $l,Su;
hair-springs, $1.25; chains, $1.50; mending chains, 50c;
tooth and wheel 50c; pivots, $1; cylinders, $4; Stave.,
$2.75; virges, $2.50: screws, 25c; case springs 75c;
clicks and rachets, 75c; glasses, 50c. All othf-r work
will average the same prices. Persons leaving work
can know the prices before it is done.
Persons in the country having clocks or other work
for Repair, will address me by letter if they cannot
come themselves. I will attend to work promptly.
All kinds of Gun-smith work done at short notice
and on reasonable terms.
Give me a call, and I will guarantee satisfaction.
G. R. I1ARD1SG.
Lincolnton, Feb. 26, 1861 tf
NOTICE.
All persons subject to pay a Poll fax to the State of
North Carolina, who resided within the limifs of the
town of Charlotte on the first day of February, 1861,
or who had been principally employed in any profession
or vocation in said town for three months or mora
immediately preceding the paid first day of February,
and all persons who owned or were possessed of Taxa
ble Property within said town on the first day of Feb
ruary, are herebv notified to give in to the Town Clerk,
before the LAST DAY OF MARCH, 1861, a Lit of
their said polls and Taxable Property. The said list
shall state the number and local situation of the Loti
or parts of Lots given in ; the number of white taxa
ble polls, of taxable slaves, and of free negroes residing
on the 1st of Feb'y on the lands of persons giving
said lists, &c Call at the Branch Bank of North Caro
lina from 10 a. m. till 5 p. m.
T. W. DEWEY, Town Clerk.
March 5, 1861. 4t
A TVE1V LAW BOOK.""
CASTWELL'S PRACTICE AT LAW.
Just published, a treatise upon the PRACTICE a
LAW in North Carolina, by Edwabd Caktwiii
LL.B., author of the N. C. Justice, etc.
CONTENTS:
Of legislative power in general; legislative power .
North Carolina; legislative powers of justices of th
peace; county boundaries deeds, etc.; county revenue
and chareres: court-houe. prisons, etc.: county trustee;
j jury trials; fairs aud public sales; general assemHTj
(inspections, public landings, etc,; poor houses
i hospitals; registers ana clerks; rivers and crees; gir"J
ferries and bridges; weights and measures; i liots
lunatics; retailers; Neuse river; public roads and cart
ways; public landings and inspections; mills and w"
lers; ordinaries and constables; patrols; wardens of th
poor; prison bounds; roads, ferries and bridges; poll t
exemptions; executive power in general; executive
power in North Carolina; executive power of the courti;
chief justice and clerk; attorneys at law; altorneyge"
eral; reporter and marshal, clerks and solicitor; counsel
for paupers; guardians; county attorney; auctioneers,
county court clerks; coroners; boundary commissioners;
committees of finance; county trustee; county treasurer;
special court; commissioners of fairs; inspectors; su
perintendents of schools; commissioners of navigation;
wardens of the poor; registers, commissioners of riverf
and creeks; sheriff; constables; rangers; standard keep
ers; retailers; administrators j chairman of speciJ
court; commissioners of deeds and conveyance; com
missioners of low lands; entry takers and surveyors;
superintendents of elections; guardians and receivers;
inspectors; pomraissioners of internal improvement!?
partition; patrol committees'; processioner J tax 'Ist?
and boards of valuation; overseers of roads and r'Tf J
commissioners of wreck; tobacco piekers and cce'
The APPENDIX contains forms ot veeas Pi4 "T
veyances, as follows: Agreements, assignments, awrif,
blils of sale, bills of exchange and Jading, bopds,
cellaneons bonds, contracts, deed, marriage "''
ments, mortgages, copartnership articles, notes,
leases, Act., &c. . o0f.
This book contains 556 pages, is gotten up n
rior stvle and bound in law calf. Price, singl e cW
$5.00, - EDWARD CANTW ELL,