7&xe 2Se&iexn tmocvaij Q-havtolU, 5T.(S;
roH THE WESTERN DEMOCRAT.
The Humanity of the Negro.
This is an age of development, if net of pro
gress. The sea of public opinion is restless, and
is often "casting up mire and dirt." Even after
the partial subsidence of the storm of revolution,
there is still much ''scum rising to the surface."
In evidence of this we see the old theory "washed
up," and industriously circulated, that the negro
has no claims to humanity, and is simply a brute.
It is irrelevant to this discussion to inquire
whence he sprang, or whether he is inferior to
the white man ; the question is, has the negro a
goul is he possessed of those qualities which
constitute humanity? If the negro is a brute
he is, of course, of a class of creation totally dis
tinct from man. But it is a fixed law of nature
that whilst two distinct classes of animals may
amalgamate, the product is incapable of repro
ducing it likeness. The offspring is a barren
hybrid, upon which itf.ture has set the seal of its
disapprobation. It follows then that the hybrid
mulatto is infertile, which is contrary to facts
and daily observation. Any result of amalgama
tion that can be perpetuated indicates oneness of
origin.
Again. Man is the only being known who
recognizes the Supreme Being. Of the Great
Incomprehensible, or any of His Attributes, the
brute knows nothing. He has no capacity cither
to "call on His name," which implies faith, or to
"profane" it, which implies unbelief. But it is
in evidence that where ever the n,gro is found,
there is some conception like that of the red man,
of a ''Great Spirit" who is over all. His ideas,
just like other heathens, may be very vague, but
Btill these imperiect conceptions are lound to
exist even among the wilds of his native land.
The negro may be proved the lowest of men, but
his recognition and devout worship of the true
God certainly entitle him to rank as a member
of the genus llomo. He may have less brain
and more skull than the white man, but if these
were the measure either of 6oul or intelligence,
many a Caucassian might be admonished nhuivm
ne crede colon'.
Again. Man is the only being known who is
possessed of the gift of speech. Brutes have the
faculty f expressing their emotions by articulate
Bounds, but it is the distinguishing characteristic
of man to express his emotions by the tongue in
the regular sequence of thought. No nation has
ever jet been discovered that has not a language
capable of being reduced to some grammatical
order. Even the Bushmen, who are esteemed
the most degraded and the least like men, have
had their language systematically arranged. And
it has been found that these African savages ac
quire other languages with facility. But where
was the language of brutes ever reduced to a
system ? W hoever ; heard of a Monkey Alphabet,
or a Baboon Grammar, or a Gorilla Dictionary ?
Was it ever know, that with all his powers of
imitation. Apes spoke French or Arangs studied
English ? The very idea is ridiculous enough.
Maa, and man only is possessed of colloquial
powers. Language is the gift of the Creator to
intelligent beings. Its acquisition is beyond the
power of imitation. Has the negro the proper
organs of speech ? Are his colloquial abilities
disputed ? Theu he is a man and no brute ;
then he has an immortal spirit which will rise to
its maker and not descend to the earth.
But that which stamps the negro with human
ity, and uaniistably proclaims him a living soul,
is his power of abstract reasoning, or the faculty
of deducing general truths, or laws from collec
tions of individual facts. Animal instinct is of
itself wholly irrational. It cannot be improved
by education. It has no accumulated experience
either individual or traditional. Such is not the
case with the negro. He thinks and reasons,
judges, imagines and compares. He has con
sciousness and reflection. He is a proper sub
ject of law, and all civil enactments in regard to
him are based upon his capability of intellectual
obedience. The spoiling of his goods and the
taking of his life, the law regards as theft and
murder, and punishes accordingly. But the ne
gro recognizes a moral as well as a legal obliga
tion. He has a conscience which accuses or ex
cuses. He is the subject of divine truth, of
moral impressions, and moral accountability. He
has borne every evidence, not only that he un
derstood the gospel, but that he had yielded to
the justice and the power of its claims. Who
has not admired the simplicity of his faith, the
rationality of his hope, and his joyous anticipa
tions of that "better country" which shall be
composed of "all nations, and kindreds, and
tongues, and people." And when "Ethiopia
shall stretch out her hands to God." who dare
doubt that that sublime act is included in the
great scheme of redemption, and that the negro
is a proper recipient of its glorious realities.
Homo.
, i
Another Military Order.
General Canby has issued the following im
portant order relative to the administration of
justice in North and South Carolina :
"Provost courts will not entertain jurisdiction
of anycase, nor will post commanders refer any
case for trial by such courts, unless it shall appear
to the satisfaction of the post commander and
shall be certified by him either
First. That the case involves matters of dif
ference between employer and employed respect
ing rights under provisions of military orders: or,
Second, That the proper State authorities
have refused or unreasonably failed, or are una
ble, to take action needful for the due protection
of persons or property; or,
Third. That there is good ground for believ
ing, upon facts shown, which must be preserved
of record, that impartial justice cannot be secured
in the State eourts, by reason of prejudice on ac
count of race, color, or former condition."
We find the following in the last Dan
ville Times :
"The negroes in a certain section of Person
county, N. C, have introduced a sort of church
worship, that looks a little singular in these days
of Chnstba progress. It is true they go to
"meetin" in their best clothes, but instead of
worshipping in the regular old fashioned way,
such as kneeling at prayers, crying "amen V in
the corners, and now and then putting through
a good old camp meeting hymn they form a
ring, and "hands around" in the circle, dancing,
shouting and jumping until they are nearly over
come with fatigue. This looks a little strange,
we confess but it's none of oar business. We
are not ii Lag bet a poor, white "rcb" and mayn't
this be an innovation of Radicalism? So, dry up."
Dr Curry says : My journeyings have enlar
ged my opportunities for ascertaining somewhat
of the religious condition and tendencies of the
negroes. The efforts to separate them from the
influence of the former owners and excite dis
trust, have been too successful, and the conse
quence Is, that cut off from the instruction of an
intelligent ministry, and relying upon and prefer
ring preachers of their own color, they are de
generating into superstition and barbarism and
idolatry.
N- C CONVENTION.
MojiDAY, Feb. 10.
Mr Durham offered the following resolution :
"Whereas, It is & matter of common rumor,
that corrupting influences have been used to se
cure the passage of certain ordinances, which
have been passed by this Convention; and where
as, if these rumors are true, it is the duty of this
body to ascertain who are the parties, and expose
such said corruption: Therefore
Be it Resolved, That a select Committee of
three members be appointed by the President,
whose duty it shall be to ascertain and report
whether corrupting influences have been used to
secure the passage of any ordinance, which has
been passed by this Convention, and, if so, the
names of the guilty parties, and all the facts con
nected therewith. The said Committee shall
have power to send for persons and papers, ad
minister oaths and examine witnesses.
Mr D. said it was rumored on the streets, in
hotels, and everywhere, that money has been
used to induce members to vote for a certain or
dinance or ordinances. It is the duty of the
Convention to enquire, and, if it is true, the in
famous name of the delegate should be handed
down to posterity; and if by any corporation or
individual, that its name or the names may be
also known. He did not believe that any one
would vote against the resolution; and if any
delegate had been so base as to receive a bribe,
he hoped that it would become known, or, if false,
that the matter would at least be investigated.
The rules were suspended and the resolution
was adopted.
A memorial from the citizens of Guilford,
praying that the distillation of grain may be pro
hibited, presented by Mr Welker, was taken up
and referred to the committee of three, appointed
to confer with Gen. Candy.
The ordinance of Mr McDonald, of Chatham,
in relation to taxing old debts 75 per centum,
was next considered. Mr McDouald moved to
make it the special order for 12 o'clock. Mr
Graham moved to postpone it indefinitely. Mr
McDonald called the yeas and nays, and, the call
being sustained, the vote resulted, yeas 72, nays
13.
The Constitution.
On motion of Mr Abbott, the report on Militia
was taken up.
In the first section, Mr Graham of Orange,
moved as an addition :
"But white and colored persons shall be or
ganized into separate commands, and no white
man shall ever be reauired to obey a neero offi-
cer.
Mr G. said he had heard a great deal said about
social equality, advocated by gentlemen on this
floor; now he wished the yeas and nays called,
and the gentlemen put on record in the matter.
Mr Jones of Washington, thought the Con
vention should have nothing to do with this.
The Legislature was the proper body to legislate
in this matter.
Mr Durham said this was a test question. He
wished to have it distinctly so regarded. The
reconstruction acts did not prevent the passage
of this resolution, declaring the superiority of the
white man. We claim that the white man has
some rights left him, even under the reconstruc
tion acts. But it is the evident intention of this
Convention to go beyond the reconstruction acts,
and thereby not only give civil and political
equality, but to force upon the people of the
State social equality. He wanted the people to
know who were the men that were endeavoring
to perpetrate such an outrage upon them. He
intended to try, by every means in his power, to
make these very radical gentlemen upon this
floor come up fairly and squarely to the mark,
and show, by their votes upon this question
whether they wished to force social equality be
tween the races upon the people. It was vain
for gentlemen to try to dodge the question, by
saying that the Legislature would provide for
such matters. Their votes, to-day, would tell
the truth, and tear from their faces the mask un
der which they had hid, and the people would
see and spot the men who are willing to degrade
their own color by admitting to-day that social
equality between the races does and shall exist.
Such an attempt to fix upon our people such a
damning shame, by certain members on this floor,
ought to go over the whole country, and the men
be marked. It was a test question. We, the
Conservatives on this floor, so regard it; and if
the yeas and nays upon this question are refused
us, it will be a palpable and direct acknowledg
ment of fear, on the part of the Radical element
of this Convention, to snow their record to the
people. It would be skulking and dodsrim; the
question in a miserable and abject manner.
Mr Abbott was opposed to the amendment,
and did not mind placing himself on record.
Mr Mann moved to lay it on the table; but,
on being told that it would carry the section with
it, withdrew it.
Messrs. Welker and Watts, both thought the
Legislature the proper body to consider this mat
ter of classing the races.
Mr Durham again told them that the Conser
vative gentlemen of this body intended to make
them stand up to the rack, "fodder or no fod
der."
Mr Ashley thought the amendment would
draw an invidous distinctitm between the races.
In the course of his remarks, he stated that Gov.
Graham had before 18H5 drilled free men of
color, and, according to the argument of the Con
servative gentleman on this floor, thereby ac
knowledged those men his social, moral and in
tellectual equals.
Mr Durham said: "Sir, I brand that assertion
as a falsehood and a palpable lie."
Mr Ashley simply said it was so, and continued
his remarks in opposition to the amendment at
some length.
Harris of Wake, (col.) next spoke, and the
gist of his remarks was that, like Mr Ashlev, he
stood upon the broad ground of manhood, irre
spective of race or color.
The yeas and nays upon Mr Graham's amend
ment were ordered, and resulted as follows:
inosc who voted in tne amrmative were,
Messrs. Bradley. Durham, Ellis, Graham of Or
ange, Hare, Hodnett, Marler, Mcrritt, Williams
of Sampson.
Those who voted in the negative were, Messrs.
Abbott. Andrews, Ashley. Barnes, Bryan, Cary
(col.) Cherry (col.) Chilson, Congleton, Cox,
Daniel. Dickey, Duckworth. Epps (col.) Ethe
ridge. Fisher, Forkner, Franklin, French of Bla
den, French of Rockingham, French of Chowan,
Gahagan, Galloway (col.) Garland,. George,
Glover, Graham of Montgomery, Grant of Wayne,
Grant of Northampton, Gully, Gunter, Harris of
Wake (col.) Harris of Franklin, Hayes of Robe
son, Hayes of Halifax (col.) Heaton, Highsmith
(col.) Hobbs, HofBer, Hood (col.) Hyman (col.)
Ing, Jones of Washington, King of Lincoln,
King of Lenoir, Kinney, Lafflin, Lee (col.) Legg,
Logan, Long, Mann, Mayo (col.) McDonald of
Chatham, McDonald of Moore, Moore, Morton,
MulUcan, Murphy, Nance, Newsom, Parks, Pe
tree, Pierson (coL) Ragland, Ray, lien f row,
Rhodes, Rich, Bobbins (col.) Rodman, Smith,
Stilley, Stilwell, Sweet, Taylor, Teague, Tourgee,
Tucker, Turner, Watts, Welker, Williams of
Wake.
Mr Jones of Washington, called up the report
of the Committee on Corporations, other than
Municipal.
Mr Tourgee offered a substitute to the fourth,
which acts as substitute for all down to the 11th
section: "No Bank of issue shall be established
under the authority of this State."
Mr Tourgee advocated his substitute at some
little length, and stated that the general Govern
ment alone ought to have jurisdiction of such
matters.
Mr Jones of Washington, said he wished to
retain some evidence of State sovereignty. He
did not believe the sword and purse should be
consolidated into one power. To say that the
State of North Carolina should forego all power
to establish a Bank, to furnish a currency for its
people, would be to go back into almost barbar
ism. "
Mr Abbott moved to strike out all down to
the 10th section, and refer the subject-matter to
the Committee on Finance, as a good deal of the
matter properly belonged to that Committee.
On motion of Jlr lourgee, the balance ot the
report was postponed until Friday next, at 12
o'clock.
Tuesday, Feb. 11.
The President announced as committee to wait
on General Canby : Messrs Jones of Washington,
Grant of Wayne, and Read; and the following
committee in accordance with the resolution of
Mr Durham passed yesterday : Messrs Durham,
Ashley and Harris of Wake.
Mr Ray a memorial from citizens of Alamance.
Referred to the committee on distillation.
Mr Franklin, a petition from Mrs. E. V. Todd,
of Raleigh, praying for a divorce. Referred.
Mr Harris (col.) of Wake, offered the follow
ing resolution :
Whereas, it is aynatter of common rumor that
Plato Durham, delegate, "so called," from Cleave
land, obtained his election by the dishonorable
use of a certain official communication of the
Freedmeu's Bureau surreptitiously obtained ;
and whereas, if these rumors are true, it is the
duty of this body to expose and purge itself of
this corruption ; therefore be it "
Resolved, That a select committee of three be
appointed by the President, whose duty it shall
be to ascertain and report whether such a cor
rupting procedure was adopted to secure the
election of said Plato Durham, as delegate to this
Convention, and, if so, that all the facts connected
therewith be reported, to the end that the dele
gate, so-called, may be dealt with.
Harris moved the suspension of the rules.
Mr Durham said he hdped the rules would be
suspended and the resolution adopted. He hoped
it would go on record, and if it came from a man
whom he could notice, he would proceed to do so.
The rules were suspended and the resolution
adopted.
Mr Abbott from the committee to confer with
Gen. Canby reported four resolutions back to the
Convention, requesting to be discharged from
their consideration. Granted.
Mr Harris (col.) of Wake, an ordinance to pro
hibit for a limited time the sale of property under
a mortgage or deed of trust. He said the reason
for offering this ordinance was that sales were
being urged in various counties, under deeds of
trust and mortgages, which the relief ordinance
passed before by this Convention did not prevent.
The ordinance was referred.
The Judiciary Committee submitted the fol
lowing propositions to the Convention, for its
decision, in order to enable the committee to
report, to wit :
1. Shall the Judges of the Supreme and Su
perior Courts be elected by the people ?
2. Shall the Judges be elected by both houses
of the Legislature ?
3. Shall the Judges be appointed by the
Governor and confirmed by the Senate ?
After a long discussion the vote being taken
on the proposition that the Judges of the Su
preme and Superior Courts and the Magistrates
be elected by the people, resulted in its adop
tion, as follows :
For Messrs. Andrews, Ashley, Barnes, Bry
an, Carey, Chandler, Chillson, Congleton, Cox,
Dickey, Duckworth, Franklin, French of Rock
ingham, Fullings, Gahagan, Garland, Glover,
Graham of Montgomery, Gully, Gunter, Heaton,
Highsmith, HofBer, Hood, Ing, Kinney, Lee,
Logan, Mann, May, Mayo, Mullican, Murphy,
Newsom, Parks, Petree, Peterson, Picrson, Rag
land, Ray, Renfrow, Rhodes, Rich, Rose, Smith,
Stilley, Stilwell, Taylor, Teague, Tourgee, Trog
den, Tucker, Welker, Williams of Wake and
Williamson 55.
Against Messrs. "Abbott, Benbow, Bradley,
Cherry, Ellis, Eppes, Etheridge, Fisher, Fork
ner, .trench of Chowan, Graham of Orange,
Hare, Harris of Franklin, Haves of Halifax,
Hobbs, Hodnett, Ilollowell, Hyman, Jones of
Caldwell, Jones of Washington, King of Lenoir,
Legg, Leunon, Marler, DcDonald of Moore,
Moore, Morton, Nance, Pool, Read, Rodman,
Sweet, Watts, Williams of Sampson and William-
OE -
suu ou.
Wednesday, Feb. 12.
Maj. General Canby visited the Convention
to-day. He was received with the usual honors.
The President welcomed him in a short speech,
to which the General very briefly and courteous
ly replied. A recess was taken, and the dele
gates were introduced.
The subject of altering the Judicial system of
the State was discussed at length. A proposi
tion to abolish the distinction between Courts of
Law and Courts of Equity was " adopted yeas
50. nays 6$.
Nothing else of importance was done.
Thursday, Feb. 13.
Mr Forkner's ordinance, instructing the Ju
diciary Committee to report an article allowing
citizens to practice and plead in the Courts of
this State, upon establishing a good moral char
acter and upon payment of the fees, was next
taken up.
31 r Graham of Orange, said that as the law
stood now. a man could plead his own cause in
court ; but he who did it, without any knowledge
of law whatever, generally found out that he had
a fool for a client.
Mr Jones of Washington, was also opposed to it.
He did not wish to offer a bonus to ignoranee.
Mr Forkner said that, by an ordinance recent
ly passed, men from other States could come here,
and, proving a good character and paying the
fees, be admitted to the bar. He wished to place
our citizens on an equal footing. 31 r Abbott
favored it, likewise.
The vote beingtaken, the ordinance was adopted.
Mr Rodman introduced an ordinance on Re
lief. Ordered to be printed.
Mr Rieh offered an ordinance for the estab
lishment of a Land and Immigration Agency in
New York the agent to receive 52,500 per
amnion.
The consideration of the Preamble and Bill of
Right occupied most of the day.'
North Carolina News.
fiSr- On Friday last. Mrs. Alston, wife of Mai.
Arch Alston, of Warren, whilst attempting to
catch a child about to falL exposed herself so near
to the fire that her dress caught and soon her
whole person was enveloped in" flames. -After
intense suffering, she expired that night at 1U
o'clock.
S& A good tract of land, in Surry county,
containing 214 acres, was sold, at a sale in Bank
ruptcy, a few days since, at only forty cents per
acre.
JteaT" The large Flour Mill, belonging to Maj.
A. E. Erwin and 3Iaj. Wilson chief Engineer of
our railroad, near Marion, McDowell County,
was destroyed by fire some time last week.
Asheville JVWi.
Railroad Contracts. The Directors of
our Railroad have determined to let to contract
that portion of our road from the S wan nanoa Tun
nel to the French Broad River, on the 5th of
next March. Asheville News.
Twenty six emigrants will leave Rocking
ham, the present week for Indiana.
Sheriff Snow, of Halifax, has been noti
fied to appear before the military authorities at
Goldsboro, to answer some complaint in regard
to his official duties.
Waf The Asheville News suggests that a
very profitable business could be established in
that section by manufacturing Glass ware. All
the materials necessary are to be found in abun
dance in the mountains.
We regret to learn that the storehouse of
Messrs. J. R. Wood & Son, at Bethel Hill, Per
son county, was destroyed by fire on the 11th
ult. The loss is about 62,500 no insurance.
The incendiaries have been arrested and are now
in the county jail at Roxboro'. Ral. Standard.
Anthracite Coal. Messrs. Wofth & Dan
iel, of Wilmington, are supplying their customers
with an excellent article of Anthracite Coal; and,
what is better, a gentleman of this City informs
us that his order for coal, to Messrs. Worth &
Daniel, was filled at a less cost for coal and freight,
by 1,75 per ton, than heobtained from Norfolk.
Send your orders, hereafter, to Wilmington 1,
75 on a ton of coal is worth saving.
Supreme Court, of N. C.
Opinions have been delivered as follows :
By Pearson, C. J. In Doe ex don. Kerr vs.
Elliott, from Mecklenburg, no error, judgment
affirmed. In State vs. Dula, from Iredell, no
error. In Carter vs. Mendenhall, in equity,
from Guilford, decree for plaintiff and reference.
In Mendenhall vs. Carter, in equity from Guil
ford, cross bill dismissed. In Henry vs. Henry,
in equity, from Buncombe, the order sustaining
exceptions to the answer is reversed.
By Battle, J. In Walker vs. Walker, from
Orange, judgment reversed, venire de novo. In
Carter vs. McGcehce, from Rockingham, judg
ment affirmed. In State vs. Gwyn, from Wilkes,
order reversed. In Briant vs. Corpening, in
equity, from Caldwell, bill dismissed with costs.
By Reade, J. In Doeexdem. King vs. Lytic,
from Mecklenburg, no error. In Den vs. Love,
from McDowell, error. In State vs. McClure,
from Clay, error. In Merritt vs. Bernard, from
31adiion, no error.
The 4 Conservative" Party.
The following is the
plan for
organizing the
Conservative party of North Carolina, adopted
by the late Convention in llleigh :
State Organizations. A State Committee,
to consist of a chairman and thirty members,
six of whom shall reside in Raleigh, and three
in each judicial district to be appointed by the
State Convention.
The Committee shall have power to maintain
its organization, by filling vacancies, &c, and
shall take charge of all matters relating to organi
zation, registration, &c., and a proper canvass of
the State.
District Organization. The members of
the State Committee in each judicial district
shall constitute a district Committee for their
respective districts and shall appoint a Chairman,
and shall take charge of all matters relating to
county organization, &c, in their respective dis
tricts; and shall report all matters relating there
to, to the chairman of the State Committee.
County Organization. It is recommended
that each County, by popular meetings or through
the medium of existing organizations, appoint a
County Committee to consist of at least two per
sons from each Captain's District within its limits.
The County Committee shall take charge of
all matters of registration, local organization, &c,
within the County, and is requested to make
monthly reports to the Chairman of the District
Committee, and, when necessary, to inform him
of such local matters as may require the attention
of the District Committee.
It is further recommended that each County
Committee cause to be enrolled the names of all
the registered voters of their county, who are
willing to acb and vote with this organization
i j i 1 1 i ., , .
uu man in uo inus enronea witnout his express
consent; ana also that they cause to be enrolled
on a separate list of names of all those who are
entitled to register, but who have not done so
and that they use every exertion to secure their
registration and active co-operation.
The following supplemental Resolution, offered
by Col. Hoke, was also adopted, viz :
Resolved, That the President of the Conven
tion appoint five or more persons, in each County,
to make a thorough canvass of the same, and
disseminate proper political information.
In accordance with the last resolution, the fol
lowing appointments were made for the counties
named:
Ansm Thomas S Ashe. Arch'd Niven, C R
Liles, W G Smith and W P Kendall.
Cabarrus William S Harris, John 31 Loner,
Dr L S Bingham, Dr F M Henderson, Frank
Rogers, Samuel Pharr and P B 3Ieans.
Caldwell 3Iaj W II 3Ialonc, Gen S F Pat
terson, Edward W Jones, Rev Isaac Oxford and
R H Moody.
Catawba Dr Ellis, Dr Turner Abemathy,
Jonas Cline, G James, ,Capt Helton, A J Whit
ner, J II Bruns, Samuel Tucker, Wesley Bandy,
Daniel Deal, Capt M P Sherrill and Geo Yoder.
Cleatelntdle 31 3IcAfee, J W Gidney, 31
D Lee, II Cabaniss and A R Homesly.
GatonX T Shipp, Edmund Wilkes, Robt
Holland, Col Wm Siowe and Eph Black.
IrefJell Thos A Nicholson, J H Hill, R A
3IcLaughlin, R R Dempster and Col John 3Ialt.
LinroU W J Hoke, D Schenck, W A Gra
ham, W F Hynes and J A Caldwell.
McDowell Gen Alney Burgin, A 31 Erwin,
W W Fleming, Dr John Yaneey and Dr 3IcCoy.
At a late meeting of the New York Cham
ber of Agriculture it was stated thatover 4,286,
000 head of cattle had perished fronj the rjnder
Dest in England. ,
The Judiciary.
We very greatly regret the preliminary vote
which took place in the Conventionryesterday,
upon the question of an elective judiciary, in
favor of electing Judges by. popular vote It
may be hoped the Convention will reconsider its
action in this matter. Wherever that system has
been tried, the people have had reason to lament
it ; and have shown a disposition to return to the
old and safe ways. Perhaps Vermont is an ex
ception to this rule ; but it must be borne in
mind that the people of that little State are uni
versally educated ; and . that they . have been
familiarized from generation to generation to
habits of self-government. Her people are homo
genous. They are for the most part born on the
soil. They are agriculturists or mechanics; there
are no large cities; no great manufacturing towns;
few foreigners, and few illiterate laborers. ' In
New York, where there are large cities and many
foreigners, who have yet to learn the arts of self
government, the elective judiciary has been tried
twenty years, and has failed to meet the expec
tations of the people. It is now unpopular; and
a Convention has been called, partly with a view
to restore the old system. The Judges who have
been elected by the people have displayed venal
ity, partiality and corruption. It has become
next to impossible to get justice at their hands.
The Republicans, and especially the Tribune,
denounce the elective judiciary eystem in un
measured terms. Raleigh Register, YZth.
Washington Items.
The President has nominated General Wm. T.
Sherman, for distinguished courage, skill and
ability displayed daring the war of the rebellion,
to be General of the Armies of the United States
by brevet.
The President has called on Howard for a list
of Bureau functionaries, with the law under which
they are employed.
Thaddeus Stevens announces that he is ready
to support General Grant for the Presidency, as
far as his health and circumstances will permit.
Bad for Grant.
In the U. S. Supreme Court, Judge Black
filed a Bill in the name of the State of Georgia
vs. Grant, 3Ieade, Ruger, et als., and endeavors
to avoid the grounds which led to the dismissal
of the former case. The decision in the ex parte
3IcCardle case is still held by the Court. A
majority of the Bar are inclined to the opinion
that it will also be dismissed. These cases in
volve the constitutionality of the reconstruction
laws.
The resignation of 3Ir Adams, our 3Iinister
to England, is now rendered certain. The ru
mor that 3Ir Johnson, of 3Iaryland, has been
named as his successor, is not correct.
It is rumored that the Secretary of Treasury
intends selling fifteen or twenty millions of Gold
this month.
Mr Guthrie, of Kentucky, has resigned his
Seuatorship, on account of sickness. The Leg
islature will elect on the 18th.
Nothing of an important character has been
done in Congress during the past week. Re
construction dull.
Negro Debts. The South Carolina Conven
tion has passed an Ordinance intended to settle
the vexed question of the payment of purchase
money for negroes bought before and during the
war. This Ordinance is a sweeping affair, and
any debt, the consideration of which was for
slaves bought, whether years before emancipa
tion, or just upon the eve of it, is wiped out as
effectually as such -j. thing can be done, by any
law-making assembly. There may be doubts as
to the power of any representative Innly of the
people, to determine such a question, as it is
properly one for the Courts to decide ; but there
is scarcely a doubt at all, but that the Courts
called into existence by this Convention, will de
cide the matter in accordance with this Ordi
nance. Yorkville. Enquirer.
Landreth's Garden Seeds,
At Wholesale and Retail by
Feb 10, 18C8. Da. J. N. BUTT.
- Irish Potatoes,
Northern and Mountain, for planting, a large lot,
just received by MILLER & BLACK.
Seed Oats,
A good supply on band and for sale by
MILLER & BLACK.
Family Groceries,
Of every sort, in store, and for sale by
Feb 10, 1808. MILLER & BLACK.
Just Received at S. Grose & Co's,
A fine lot of English Dairy Cheese; also, good State
Cheese, Northern Buckwheat, New Orleans Molasses,
Extra C Sugar, Raisins, Currants, Pickles in Barrels,
together with every thing found in a first class Gro
cery More. Call and see us before buying.
S. GROSE & CO.,
Feb 10, 1868. Nearly opposite the Tost Office
SEWING MACHINES.
There are certain points connected with the pur
chase of a Sewing Machine which every purchaser
should know. Always select a Machine which will
give a perfect and durable stitch. For family use
select one that will do stitching on the finest Linen
Cambric or Tarlton to the heaviest Jeans or Cassi
meres. Select one that is not complicated easily
managed. One that will do the most and the greatest
variety of work is always the best. Above all, select
one where the proprietors and agents guarantee to
keep it in repair and warrant it to do all that any
other Sewing Machine in the world will do, and in
addition make a perfect button-hole do all sorts of
gathering, felling, tucking, hemming and embroider
ing edge. This Machine can onlv be had of
A. SINCLAIR,
Agent for the American and Button-hole Sewing Ma
chine Company, Charlotte, N. C.
8- Every Machine warranted.
February 10, 18(38.
Family Flour.
A choice lot of Family Flour, at
8. GROSE k CO S.
Crackers.
A fresh supply of Cream, Lemon and Soda Crack
ers, at S. GROSE k CO S.
Ideal.
Bolted and unbolted Meal, at
Feb 10, 1868. S. GROSE k CO'S. -
Dissolution.
The co-partnership heretofore existing under the
firm of A- Aschkinass & Co., is dissolved by mutual
consent. -Mr Jas. II. Henderson will continue the
business at the old stand. January, 1808.
A. ASCII KIN ASS,
Feb 10, 1868. J. H. HENDERSON.
Piano . Tuning.
T wmild roKnpft full v infnt-m th it i tar . tt fti
lotte and surrounding country that I am prepared to
tune and repair Pianos, Violins, Guitars, etc., at the
, - i a l .
lowest rates inn suorvcui nonce.
Call at R. F. Davidson's Furniture Store.
Feb 3, 1868 mpd EDWARD Y0ERGE.
Any information concerning the
whereabout of Mrs. Francis Gerkin, who left
ner home, in me city oi norioiK, in Uctober
1865,' on a tour through the State of ftorth Carol
lina, lor the purpose of selling Musicj irill be
mosttgratefoily acknowledged by her anxious
refxtires. Mrs. Gerkin is of medium height
dark hair and complexion, is totally blind, is an
excellent Musician and practices the arC as a
profession. When last seen, she was traveling
by railroad from GreenTiDe," S." C, to Columbia,
S. C. It is earnestly begged of those, whom thi
notice may reach, to assist by their enqmries,
her distressed relatives in discovering the hnt
one. Address, Miss Annie M. Gerkin, Norfolk,
Va. ; ' : K : - '
B. S. TRAYWICK, D. I. 8.,
A graduate of the Baltimore College t Den4ai Suf
gery, and having had the advantages of many year
experience in his profession, is now permanently
located in Charlotte, and will devote hu whole atten
tion to the practice of
Dentistry.
He is a native North Carolinian, and Laving served
three years in the war, a part of which time was
Dental Surgeon of the Confederate Army,
It afforded him opportunities to become familiar with
army diseases of the mouth and teeth not usually met
with ; since the close of the war has attended another
course, aad has perfected himself in all the new and
recent improvements in Dentistry made during and
since it, and the skillful treatment of Foreign Din
eases of the mouth and teeth. He feels that he hat
spared no pains to make himself perfect in his profession,-
and as such would respectfully tender bis
services to the public generally, and will guarantee
all work done by him to be neat in appearance and
so durable as to give complete and entire satisfaction.
His work is warranted to stand the test of time.
Terms cash and as moderate as the times will ad
mit. Office 3d door west of Charlotte Hotel.
February 10, 1868.
REMOVAL. - "
J. R. Heckscher
Has removed his cheap stock of Dry Goods, Clothing,
Hats, Boots and Shoes, Notions, etc., from the littlo
Store left of the Democrat Office to Wilson Bro.'s old
Stand, (under same office,) where he intends to sell
as cheap as ever.
"Quick Sales and Small Profits," is my motto.
Come and judge for yourselves.
Also, STAMPING for Braiding and Embroidering,
at 10 cents a yard, done at shortest notice.
Feb 10, 1868. J. R. HECKSCHER.
EMIGRATION
And Real Estate Agency.
The subscribers have formed a copartnership for
the purpose of inviting foreign emigrants and others
to settle in this and the adjoining Counties and Dis
tricts. Our aim will be to supply the emigrant with
a cheap homestead upon liberal terms. We are now
establishing agencies in Germany, France and the
principal Northern Cities, where the superior ad
vantages this country affords to emigrants will be
fully explained, as there seems to be a general desire
to have our surplus lands occupied by the thrifty
emigrant, whose industry and energy will greatly
add 40 the general prosperity of a country. We in
vite all persons having surplus Lands to offer them,
through us, for sale upon liberal terms. It is only
by such a course that our object can be accomplished.
Our aim will also be to supply labor in all it it
branches chiefly by emigrants. We will also buy and
sell City property upon liberal terms.
Office at Hutchison, Burroughs & Co's.
BfiJ, All communications promptly attended to.
A GAGNIKR.
Feb 10, 1808. F. W. AIIKENS.
State of North Carolina, Mecklenburg County.
Court of Equity, Fall Trrm, 1 807.
Thos. II. Brem and Wife vs. John Robertson and
Wife and others.
Petition for Sale of Land for Partition.
It appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that
the defendants, John 11 abort son and wife Rebecca,
D. D. Oates and S. M. Lowrie, reside beyond the
limits of this State, it is ordered that publication be
made, for six weeks, in the Western Democrat, noti
fying said defendants to appear at the next term of
said Court, to be held in Charlotte, on the 1'th Mon
day after the lust Monday in February, 18t8, to
plead, answer or demur to the complainant's petition,
or the same will be taken pro coufesso and heard ex
parte as to them.
Witness, Clement Dowd, Clerk and Master of fid
Court at office in Charlotte, this 5th day of Feb., T8.
803-6w adv. $10 C. DOWD, Clerk.
State of North Carolina, Mecklenburg County.
Court of Equity, Fall Term, 18fi7.
R F. Davidson vs. L. R. Smoot and Wm. M. Kcblinger.
Original Bill.
It appearing upon affidavit that the defendants in
this cause are non-residents of this State, publication
is ordered to be made, for six weeks, in the Charlotte
Democrat, notifying the said defendants, L. R. Smoot
and Wm. M. Keblinger, to appear at the next Term
of k-aid Court to be held at the Court House in Char
lotte, on the 9th Monday after the last Monday in
February, 1868, to plead, answer or demur, or tho
Bill will be taken as confessed and heard ex parte.
Witness, Clement Dowd, Clerk and Master of suid
Court at office in Charlotte, this 5th February, 1808.
8OG-6W adv. $10 C. DOWD, Clerk.
State of North Carolina, Mecklenburg County.
Court of Equity, Fall Term, 1807.
J. M. Davidson vs. L. R. Smoot and W. M. Kcblinger.
Original Bill.
It appearing upon affidavit that the defendant in
this cause are non-residents of this State, publication
is ordered to be made for six weeks, in the Western
Democrat, notifying said defendants, L. R. Smoot
and Wm M. Keblinger to appear at the next Term of
said Court to be held in Charlotte, on the 'Mh Monday
after the last Monday in February, 1868, to pletl,
answer or demur to the said Bill, or the same will be
taken as confessed and heard ex parte
Witness, Clement Dowd, Clerk and Master of said
Coart at office in Charlotte, this 5th February, 1808.
800-w adv. $10 C. DOWD, Clerk.
B? M. RRESSON,
Wholesale and Retail
and Dealer in Family Supplies,
Trade Street, under the Mansion House,
CHARLOTTE, N. C.
AT THE SIGN OF THE "ELEPHANT."
Lard! Iard!! Lard!!!
By recent arrival a very superior lot of Lard at
PRESSONS.
Sugar-Cured Hams.
Most excellent Sugar-Cured Hams. Call and get
one at PRESSON S.
Extra Side Bacon. .
Please call and examine my Bacon. It is excel
lent, at PRESSONS.
Good Coffee
Ready sale, at 115 cents per pound, at
PRESSON'fl.
Sugar ! Sugar ! !
Excellent Sugar at - ; PRESSON S.
Salt! Salt!!
Salt, of the best Liverpool, at " TRESSON'S.
Crocks. Jugs and Jars.
them still left at PUESSON'f
Some of
Bagging! Bagging 11
, extra heavy Gunny-Lagging at
On sale,
rRESSONS.
Flour.
Jfone except the very best at