Newspapers / The Wilmington Messenger (Wilmington, … / Jan. 14, 1886, edition 1 / Page 1
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.Ni-" . : ''t-- : v : v . .'v.-- - '' ; 'v -7; v-, -y:. - :y y ,y . - ' -p - ' "' ' '. - . , " -. " " '. " . - : . : ;;. w - . - . . .. v- .- - x - , -:, r--, - .t - ' . 1 . - - --- . . . . - ' -. - . ' . . - : . ' - . .. ' ... . ., . , i ' ! " ' ' ' ' " . 1 ;'L J. A. BONITZ, Editor and Proprietor. "For us, Principle is Principle Right is Right Yesterlayto-day, To-morrow, Forever." PublifhfJ mi-Wt-ckly $3.00 a Vtr YOL. XXII. GOLDSBORO, N. C, THURSDAY, JANUARY 14, 1886. NO; 25." r WASHINGTON KOtTTINK. " j '. : General Legislative, and Execu tive Intelligence. . .From our Washington Correspondent. Washington, Jan. 9.The Senate Adjourned over yesterday until Mon day. It considered', the Utah bill at nome length and finally passed it There twere only seven nays.,; Quite a number of bills were introduced. : . In a debate arising: up6u, arbill for . private, relief , MrDolpn commented on the increasing number of such bills and the decreasing number of meritor ious bills coming before Congress. He thought it would benecesaiy to make some general provision for the consid eration of private bills and take them away from Congress. He showed that during the first fifty years of "bur gov ernment the number of bills introduc ed in the House of Representatives was S,777. while the number introduc- ed in that house during the Forty eighth Congress alone was 8,G30. Mr. Eust is offered a concurrent res olution with a preamble setting orth 1 ttiat whereas the act of Congress ot lS78sdeclared the silver dollar a legal tHrider for all debts, public and pri vate; that by the act of 18G0 the faith of the United States was-solemnly pledged to the payment in coin, or its equivalent, of all public obligations not bearing .interest, 'etc;, that by the refunding act of July, 1870, the prin cipal and interest of the debt were iri tde redeemable in coin of the then standard value; that since the enact merit of those laws it bad been the un varying practice of the Secretary pf the Treasury to pay the bonds and in terest lrf gold efiu; and that the Sec retary of the Treasury hadfissueda call tor ten nillion"dollars of bonds, payable on the 1st of February, 188G; therefore be it resolved, etc.- That in the opinion pf Congress saidlb nds of ten million dollars, payable on the' 1st February, 18SG, should be paid in silver dollars, such payment being in strict compliance with existing law and in aid of the financial policy establish ed Viy the legisltion'of Congress Mr. Eustis desired the resolution re ferred to the committee on finance, and expressed the hope that that com- - mittee would report on it at' an early day, in order that it mayv be. deter mined whether, or '.not this practice of paying the United .States bonds and the interest on them exclusively in gold coin was approved or disapprov ed by Congress. The resolution was so referred. , The president on Tflffrsday sent to the Senate, in compliance with a reso lution of December 9th, 1885, the cor rKpoiulrnce of the . Department of ) State-'with Ministers Pendleton, PJielps Vand.McLane. and Mr Walker, consul general at Pans, regarding the atti tude of the European governments on the silver question. This correspon dence is preceded bv a letter from Secretary Bayard to-the President ex plaining, the circumstances under which the information was gathered. . Minister Phelps says England inflexi bly adheres to the gold standardy and -.will euter into no international agree- 'fment for the creation of a bi-metallic Standard. Minister McLane finds that .France would not ' permit ey en the re stricted coinage of silver in her mints. Thre isfa large amount pf foreign silver: circulating in Fanqe, on which that country would lose 000,000.000 . franc if the countries coining silver 'should refuse to redeem if in gold. A Frenc h five-kranc piece to-day is in' trinsically wbrth only four francs. Minister Pendleton finds: Germany's attitude toward silver much the same. Consul General Walker "jfays the pre vailing sentiment of Germany is un niis'akably in favor of the restoration ot silver to full monetary 'functions. Yesterdy- Only a few of the new cotninittees of the House organized. The judiciary, of which Judge-Bennett is a - m'embersT'was one of these. An-otlft-rwas the Commerce. The Naval Allans Committee decided to subdi vnie and authorized Cnairman . Her bert to suJyniHplaiL next week. This Cni mitteewill call in a bodv Monday on- the Secretary of the Navj-. vAs (nly a few" members ventured through , thci4izzard to-day., the?e was little or no perfectly -'organization. : .The t'oTt 6 wing-named persons have been appointed and sworn in as com mittee clerks .:' W. C. McBrid, of District of Columbia, alcoholic liquor traffic; John Wesler, ' Of Indiana, in valid pensions; John F. Elliott, of Texas, Indian affairs; W. P. Rix. of : 'Win con sin, military affair; B. M. Turner, of Georgia-, por offices and post , roads? Abram ('. Weaver, of Iowa, "expenditures in the Department of the luterior; Alexander J. 'Jones, of Illinois, claims; Clifford Sanders, of Missouri, labor; Charles Gordon, of Ohio, territories; LouTs Choble, of Texas, commerce; P. V. DeGraw, of the District of Columbia (temporary), foreign affairs; Jas. Blu' er. of Ala bama, naval ' affairs J Geo. B. Cobb, Indiana, public landspW. H. Smith, . Distii.-t tif Columbia, patents; John Carmicbael, of Virginia, judiciary. . There is some complaint of the com missioners of pensions. Investigation resolutions have either passed or been introduced in both houses of Congress. Acting Secretary. Fairchild has ap- pointed Special Agents Montgimery and Tingle and Deputy Collector Ber ry a, committee t make a. thorough examination of the New York custoni house, wth a view to a reduction of expenses and a simplification of busi ness "methods. , ' ' - Mr. Anderson's bill in the House to prohiVjit members of Congress and judicial officers -from receiving jail-i rond passes or telegraph franks pro- vines that before any instalment ot salary fal.ing due to any 'of these of ficers -shall be. paid to him he shall -certify in writing fht during the pe riod for whie such instalment isdue le has not traveled on any railroad nor transmitted any -message by tele graph at rates less than are paid frefore by . the general public for like rice, and iq the eve t of his failure make such statements th instl- ment of salary shall be forfeited and remain forever unpaid. A. fine of $1,000 is imposed upon any officer of a railroad or telegraph company furnish ing passes to any of the persons men tioned. , V Senator Harrison' will report back favorably from the committee on ter ritories on Monday or Tuesday the bill for the admission of Dakota. It will be accompanied by a long report embodying the constitution of the pro Eosed" state and other papers, and will e called up for consideration as soon as possible after the report is printed. It is not yet known whether or not there will be a minority report. The present indications are that the divis ion upon the question in the Senate will beverjy nearly upon strict party lines. In the House the bill will go to its death just-so sure . as it reaches the body. One of the clerks in the land office, whose salary with some thriteen others of the employes has been re duced, recently went to Commissioner Sparks and spoke of the hardship in having his salary cut down. Mr. Sparks remarked that there were some I fifteen employes who had been select ed for removal, and if the clerk pre ferred instead Jot being o; theHist with the lerks reduced in salary, he could be placed on the list for dismis sal. "It was either reduction or dis missal," was the conclusion of the commissioner, which had the effect of bringing the interview to an end. Comissioner Sparks, of the general land office, yesterday issued a series of rules respecting attorneys and clerks. The former will not be per mitted to visit the rooms occupied by the representative divisions of the land office, nor to interview the chiefs of divisions of clerks upon matters of official business except by order of the commissioner, while clerks will not be allowed to receive visitors at their desks without special' permission of the chief ot division. Attorney General Ayers, of the State of Virginia, continued the argu ment for the defendants in error, be fore the U. S. Supreme Court Thurs day in the Virginia coupon case, after William L. Royall had argued in be half of the appellants. Secretary Lamar returned to day fr(J)m his home in Mississippi, where he has been . spending the holidays. The commissioner I of patents. Mr. Montgomery, will be back on Monday, and then a decision in the great tele phone case will be announced. Secre tary Manning arid assistant Secretary Smith have also returned. Miss Charlotte L. Walker, the daughter" of the late distinguished Robert J. Walker, and sister of Gen. Duncan S. Walker, died Thursday at the latteris residence in this city and was'buried to-day. C. W. H. KINSTON ITEMS. . Paragraphs by Our Regular Re porter. We had watermelon for desert at dinner Jan- 8, 188G, Is that early or late.? - Mr. Joel Kinsey of Cobbton and Mr. Frank Kornegay, of Goldsboro were in town Friday on a trade. The Spring session of our schopls have, opened well. The boys say, when Miss Minnie Brvan pf Newberne, and Miss Lizzie Biddle of Craven are added to the Lome attractions at Dr. J. P. Bryans, they cant stay away. .' . Iibsco Miller left last Saturday for the Horner school. E. L. Miller leaves this Tuesday for New Yory to complete iris law course. The thermometer . registered 4. above Oin Kiuston Monday morning. Among the young menwho home ward fiVw, to spend some of the holi days was Mr. Stonewall Pollock. A colored school teacher with a first grade certificate after failing to explain why 5 'J 5 weeks and 1 7-20 months were equal, was asked what 2 yards, of- calico would come to at 2J- cents per yard? and only after many fruitless efforts and some sug gestions did he succeeed in getting the correct answer. A dead lock,Aa water-haul, and still it goes on. The Magistrates met last Monday presumably to abolish the Inferior quorum meeting pose it court, but there was not a (a dead lock) and as their seemed to be for that pur was a-water-haul. Every- b'odv nearly, seemed to think it would be abolished, and would die withbut a struggle, and for that reason ino arrangements were made for the hold ing of the court. No papers served. No jurors summoned.- No fletigants on- hand. But the court was not abolished and must be held,. at a cost perhaps of several hundred dollars to the county. Of course the Magis trates wanted it to continue or they would have been present, and we sub mit cheerfullv to the powers that be. J. R. Tingle, a young minister of llie LMsCipie CliUICU UttS cuicicu .intio- ton College. Several families have moved - into town and some have moved out. Mr. L.J. Mewborne is ejecting a handsome res dence. - Ouk clever Register of Deeds Mr. G. L. Hodges and Miss Florence Rountree, daughter of Dr. Rouutree vvere married at the brides' fathers on the morning of ihe 12th inst. Dr. Harper pronouncing the two one. The happycouple took the morning i rain tor a bridal tour in rlonda. May the rich aroma of the flowers of spring time, aud the luxuriant truit- f0 of the orange tree be but emb- . v ; : . : lems OI meir uappuifs auu pius perity. A grana reception giveuM - ; at Dr. Rounrrees on the night of the eleventh. There were sixteen , atten dants aud a large crowd assembled to witness tie marriage, notwithstand ing the early hour and the extreme cold. Mr. E. L. Miller furnished the music. The bridal presents were numerous and pretty. F W RM r H Vfl D COMTORT. Our Stock of Bicycle Shirts are beauties, and qunlity guaranteed. Colors, three. Styhjg,wo. At Sol Einstein & Co s. . ' A s " - TOBACCO CULTURE. The Plant Bed and How to Make it. Henderson Gold Leaf of December 31, 1885 The Gold Leaf ', true to its promise, andpledged to the best interests of the people, lays before its readers this week the first paper of a series of ar tides to be given from time to time as the season progresses on the subject of tobacco culture. Recogniziug the importance and value of tobacco as a money crop to the farmer, it is de signed to make this feature of the pa per of special interest to the new be ginner in this most profitable of all agricultural pursuits, and to this end we shall spare neither time, trouble nor expense to make it as full and in structive as possible. -X irst we take up the subject of plant beds, giving in detail the mode of pre paring the same, as practiced by Maj. it. Li. Ragland, ot Halifax county, Va., one of the most successful tobac- co growers in the country, a gentle man tf int.pllicrpnrA nnd larrro v no rience, and a recognized authority on the subject of tobacco culture. PREPARATION OF PLANT BEDS. : There are two modes for raising plants in hot bed or cold frame, or in the open air one or the other of which has preference according to locality ; the former being more prac tised North of forty degrees latitude, while the latter is preferred South of that line. We will here give both, that planters may choose. . THE HOT BED. Select a v Southern or Southeastern exposure, sheltered on the North, dig and shovel out a space five by twelve feet, or any required length, to the depth of eignteen inches. Place straw to the depth of three r four inches in the bottom of this trench, and cover with fresh unrotted manure from the stable to the depth of six or eight inches ; then cover the manure with soil woods-mould is best five inches deep, and surroundhe bed with planks twelve inches wide on North side and six inches wide on South. These will make a frame over which sections of canvas covering should be placed to keep the bed warm, promote growth and protect the plants. These sec tions may be made of frames five feet long and three feet wide, with common domestic cloth tacked thereon asa covering, and they answer every pur pose as glazed sash, are cheaper and less destructible, and may be used for several years to grow tobacco or hor ticultural plants. Once used, you will be loth to do without them for the lat ter purpose. But, to return. Tobac co seed is sown on the bed thus pre pared at the rate of two teaspoonfuls to a bed five by twelve feet. To sow regularly, mix the seed with a ferti lizer, ashes or plaster, and sow in drills three inches apart. A bed twelve feet long will require four sections of can vas covering, which are light and handy, and may be put on or off, or adjusted at pleasure. When the plants have pretty well covered the surface of the bed, remove the canvas during the day, and only replace them when there is danger of frost, or to keep off the flea-bugs. There is the advantage of having earlier plants by this mode and perfect security against the flea bag, which will repay for the addi tional cost of raising at least a portion of the plants needed for the crop by this safe mode. OPEN AIR BEDS. But there is no question that open air beds are cheapest. And where this mode of raising plants is practi cable, it is greatly to be preferred for the main supply of plants. It is a well established opinion that plants raised in the open air. stand transplanting better and usually grow off quicker than plants raised in hot bed or cold frame. SELECTION OF LOCALITY. On the selection of a proper locality for a plant Ded anj, its preparation largely depends the timely supply of strong, healthy plants, without which it is impossible to raise a crop of fine grade. The planter therefore cannot be too careful in choosing a sheltered spot, neither too wet nor too dry, as rich naturally as can be found, and located so as to possess different de grees of moisture. Go into the woods, original forest, if possible, aud select a spot near a branch or stream of water, embracing both hillside and flat, and having a Southern or Southeastern exposure, protected by . woods oh the North. Burn over the plat intended for plants, either by the old or new method. The first consists in placing down a bed of wood on small skids three to four feet apart on the ground, well cleared and raked. Then fire this bed of wood and permit it to remain burning long enough to cook the soil brown for half an inch deep. Wi h hooks or old hoes fastened to long poles pull the burn ing mass of brands a distance of four and a half or five feet, throw on brush and wood and continue burning and moving the fire until the bed is burned over. Never burn when the land is wet. It will require from one and a half to two hours to cook the soil prop erly. Or, better still : Rake over nicely the plat to be burned, then place down poles from two to four inches in diam eter, three and a half to four feet apart, oyer the entire surface to be burned. Then place brush thickly over the plat and weight down with wood, over which throw leaves, trash or other combustible material ; over this sprinkle kerosene oil, and set the nrhn a nn tirfi ana ham at one onera tion. But any mode of burning the plat will suffice, provided that it is effect ually done. After the plat has been burned and has cooled, rake off the large coals and, brands, but let the ashes remain, as they are essentially a fitst-class manure. Then coulter over the plat deeply, or break with grub hoes, and make fine the soil by repeated chopping and raking, observ ing not to bring the sub-soil to the surface, and remove all roots and tufts. Manure from the stable, hog pen or poultry house, or some, reliable commercial fertilizer, should be chop ped into and thoroughly incorporated with the soil while preparing the bed to be sown. Experience has demon strated that it is better to use both. But beware of using manure contain ing grass seed. The judgment of the planter must guide-him in the amount of fertilizing material to be applied at this stage ; but it were well to remind him that the tobacco plant rarely re sponds to homoepathic doses of plant food, but that the allopathic usage suits it best. , Sow at the rate of a teaspoorif ul of seed, which is about half an ouuee, on every fifty square yards at first sow ing, and later resow with a heaping teaspoonful over the same surface, to secure a good stand. Injury by frosts or bugs may require a third or fourth sowing. Sow a little thick rather than too thin to meet contingencies, and se cure a good stand in time. The best way to sow the seed is to mix them thoroughly with a fertilizer or dry ashes, and sow 'once regularly over the bed, reserving seed enough to cross sow to promote regularity. The tobacco seed is the smallest of all farm seeds, and consequently requires a light covering. If the seed are sown before the 20th of February, the best way is to firm the surface of the bed by treading it over closely, but if sown later, sweep lightly over with a brush or light rake. Then run sur face drains through the bed, with in clination enough to pass off the water. To do this properly, run them off four or five feet apart with the foot,, then open with a narrow grubbing hoe to the depth of three or four inches. Then trench deeply around the outside of the bed, to ward off surface wafer and prevent washing. MULCHING AND COVERING. Hog hair whipped fine and scattered over the bed, attracts and retains moisture, protects the plants from frost, and acts as a manure. There is no better covering for a plant bed, but unfortunately it is j-arely ever in full supply;" Fine brush should be placed thickly over the bed. or if not handv .I i i ' 1 D cover witu straw ok cnan: iree irom grain. A covering of some such ma terial is necessary, or the young plants are likely to be killed by frost or suffer from drought, and they thrive better with some protection. 4 A eoverine- of thin cloth haa been found to hasten the growth of plants and protect them from freezing and injury bv the flea-bug. The bed is surrounded by boards tacked up close, to the height of eighteen to twenty iribhes, according to the sizertrtMhe bed; then a covering of thin canvas is made, the size of the bed, and tacked to the upper edge of the boards all around. This excludes cold air arid fleas, makes the bed warmerand acts as a cold frame, the canvas taking the place of glass. Horner & Hyde, of Baltimore, Md., prepare a cloth for plant beds by a process which greatly promotes dura bility, while rendering the cloth, unfit for domestic use, and therefore not liable to be stolen. It is a good thing, as the writer knows from trial. The canvas should not touch the bed, but be kept suspended above, by ropes stretched across underneath, and firmly fastened, to prevent sagging. A STANDING PLANT BED. Every planter ought to have a stand-1 ing plant-bed, which may be secured in the following way: Sometime in July or August select one of the best of the old plant beds, and with hoes shave down the green plants over its entire surface, and cover over thickly with straw or leaves, then place green brush thickly over the bed and weight down with wood. When the whole is dry, some time in the late fall or early winter, set on fire, and thus re-burn over the bed. Then chop and rake fine, sow and trench as when first pre pared. Repeat the same operation every year, and, if the bed is manured properly, it will improve and prove a stand-by for many years. TJNBURNED BEDS. Plants may be raised by going into the forest, selecting a moist rich plat; and after raking off the leaves, oul tering or chopping the surface fine, manuring heavily, and sowing the seed. But such beds rarelv hold out well if the season be dry. They never "repeat" well after the first "draw ing" like burnt beds, which are more reliable for a successive supply of plants as the season advances. TIME OF SOWING SEED. The time for sowing' varies with the latitude, variety and season. Betweeu the parallels of 35 and 40 degrees north latitude, compassing the great tobacco belt, beds may be sown any time between the 1st of January and 20th of March, and the sooner the bet ter for the bright grades, which ought to be planted early to mature, ripen and yellow, preparatory to being cured earlyjn the fall, vhen the most suc cessful curings are usually made. Yel low tobacco ought to be planted out in May, but June plantings usually do best in hr-avy dark grades. The planter will consulf his interest by sowing at a proper time to suit the grade he desires-to raise. Plants set out after the 10th of July rarely pay for growing and handling, and if not planted by that time, it will be wise to plant the hills in peas, po tatoes, or something else. HASTENING THE GROWTH OF PLANTS. As soon as the plants become "square," i. c, have four leaves, you may begin to force their growth if necessary. Nothing is better at this stagej of their growth than to apply dry stable rhanu re, rubbed fine, and sowed over the bed applying at the rateof five bushels to every one hun dred square yards. Be sure to have it dry and fine, and apply when the plants are dry. This is a favorable time to apply a good fertilizer, and the4est time to apply it is during a shower, or when it is apparent that one is impending. LOOK OUT FOR THE " FLEA-BUG. - If "the "fly," as it is called, begins to devour the young plants, apply plaster, in which rags saturated with kerosene oil have lain fnr n fw i.m,. covering the plants with the plaster,' if necVssary, to keen the little nests from devouring them. Repeat the ap plication aiier every ram, unless the ; flies have left. j A covering of trreen cedar brush has driyen off the fly when other re medies failed, and saved the plants. If the flies are numerous, the planter can save his plants onlv bv viirilaut and constant attention. Hard burn ing, early and chick sowing, liberal ana frequent applications of manure, are the best sateguards, which rarely fail to reward the planter with an early and full supply of stocky plants, and with some left for his less nrovi- dent neighbors. Some planters, if such they may be called, always fail some never. Follow the latter, and you will always be right. DUPLIN COUNTY ITEMS. Mr. O. P. Middleton was unfortun ate to have a horse die which he had purchased but a few days before. The Rev. Mr. Kennedy, we are sorrv to learn, is confined to the house by uiness. The new force pump, just placed in position by the Wa saw Comissionesi, is aoing good service and in case of fire will prove valuable. Mr. A. Hamblm is agent for the pump. Just on the brink of the holidays Mr. Luther Powell and Miss Bettie Brice were married at the home of the brides father. Hundreds of friends were on, hand to congratulate the happy couple. Rev. Saudlin officiated The Rev. J. D. Stanford, who as you remember recently received license to preach, went down in the lower edge of the county his old stumping ground. It was pretty generally ad vertised that their old favorite was coming, and the crowd was so great that the church would uot accommodate even the ladies, and a number had to take position with the men at the open windows. It was estimated that from eight hundred to one thousand -people were in attendance. , Here is a strange bit of news and the strangest part of it is that its true. A white - man went to the county Register and procured a license for an other party as he said that wanted to marry. He gave the name of a geutleman and lady and then went 1 -tit 1, 1 ana marnea tne laay nimseit using thelicense notwithstanding his name was very unlike the name in the license. Magnolia regrets losing, by removal to a residence near Goldsboro, Mrs. Hartsell and her accomplished daugh ter Miss Laura. The concert and festival which recently took place at Magnolia was a splendid success in every respecf? The attendance was large and yery liberal. The characters were well chosen aud showed evidence of skillful drilling. Between the acts Miss Hart sell furnished some charming instru mental music. Over forty dollars were realized. We are pleased to learn that the re ported failure of Mr. Buck Pierce iis untrue. The fact which led to the false report was merely a business transaction that does not interfere with Mr. Pierce's financial soundness. Mr. William Aaron has removed to Mount Olive with his family. Mr. James Swinsoiiand Mr. John Register have located in the same town. Our friends carry with them the beft wibes of a host of friends. The .young men are worthy of the respect of all good citizens. Some business changes have occur red at Warsaw. Mr. Herring goes back to Clinton. Cox & Hamilton have desolved. Mr. Cox will continue business in Mr. Hunter's new room. Mr. Hamilton goes to the Woodard block. Mr. C. Best occupies oue of Mr. Morisey's store rooms. Master John Carroll publishes a lively little paper at Magnolia with a good size subscri tion list. We hear quite a number talking of attending the Kellogg concert at Goldsboro on the 23th inst. providing reduced R. R. fair can be had, from Magnolia and Warsaw. The Spring term of the Warsaw iiigh School opened last Monday with very flattering prospects. The Mes-r Keunedy de.erve success and we are glad to state that the public i showing its appreciation ot the ad vantages which they offer. The county Commissioners and the county Board of Education met in joint session last Mouday for the pur pose of examining the Treasurer's books. The people of the county know that Mr. John Wells is a clever gentleman and the Boards say that he is an excellent officer. The Rev. Dr. Huthamof Scotland Neck has beed visiting his aired father, Rev. G. W. Hufnam. The Dr. preach ed, in the Baptist church Mouda niirht. Prof. B. F. Grady, County. Superin tendent of Public ichools, was in town last week. Prof. Grady visited the High School and in an hour's dis course greatly pleased and highly entertained ti e pupiU. Prf. Grady is a fine scholar and without doubt one ot the best informed men ini the State. Lublin hs it in her power to honor Mr. Grady and iu honoring him benefit the State and honor herself. Notwi hstanding the hard times peo ple will marry. Tuesday last Mr. Sara Parker of Sanipsou came to Duplin and wedded Miss Hard, daughter of Mr. Andrew Hardy. May ineir j ys ue many. j ! The apportionment for Dupdu pub lic schools is 39 cts per capita, with half that amount to i. appropriated as the Boaid of Educatiou deem test. i A number of our most advanced farmers ill plant considerable land in tobacco this comintr season. Last years experience proved conclusively that the soil in this sertion is especial ly adapted to successful culture of the weeii. Just received a full line of Black Jer eys. Price from 60 cents to $2.00, at t J. Mbtzokk & Son. LEADING EVENTS. A Review of'tlio World's History , in 1885. Baltimore Sun. The year 1SS5 may be said to possess the enviable distinction of having closed its record with achievements ot which it crave no promise in its open ing months. It began with wars, ac tual and prospective, in the Soudn, in Afghanistan, in Tonquin, in "Mada gascar, in Canada, in Central America and in Peru, and as it progressed fur ther conflicts were developed m Bur- mah, in the Balkan peninsula and in .Mexico. Ihe dispute between Eng land aud Russia over the Afghan boundary, and the struggle of oppos ing interests brought about by the revo.utiou which resulted in the union of Roumelia with Bulcaria. at one time threatened seriously the repose of Europe and Asia. Yet the year closes in peace, England and Russia, Austria and Russia, France aud China, France and Madagascai having tor a time at least composed their dif ferences amicably, while in Canada. Central Ami r.ca, Peru, Burmah and Mexico pacification has- resulted from successes gained by superior military force. In the Soudan alone, where the fanaticism inspired by the Mahdi makes incessant war against all unbe lievers an article of faith, is war still fl igrant. The year 18S5 has been attended with fairly good crops the world over, and while from an industrial point of view it has had its share of disappoint ments, still only the veriest pessimist on a review of the entire field, could deny that upon the whole the world has made substantial progress. The series of earthquakes, floods, storms and destructive epidemics, extending throughout the twelve months, and the depression of trade with which the year began, and with which, for most countries, it ends, are to be reckoned, of course, on the other side of the ac count. The United States may, how ever, claim perhaps to have suffered less than other nations from these ine vitable visitations, aud it certainly occupies an exceptional position m having during the last six months ex perienced an appreciable revival o commercial and industrial activity. Coincident yvith this movement there has beeu a palpable amelioration of national politics. The possession by a uemocrat Tor tne nrst time in twenty four years of the presidential office. besides cheering the larger part of our population, so loug excluded from ex ecutive power, has also by its results agreeaoiv surprisea ana reassnrec those who conscientiously believed the interests ot the country to be safe only in Republican hands. The Cleveland administration in the ten months it has been in power has -demonstrated the capacity of the party it represents to manage affairs of s ate in a' wise, progressive and yet conservative spir it, and the President, by his rigid ad herance to the principles of reform laid down in his inaugural address, has done a great deal to alter the spirit and improve the tone in which politi cal questions are discussed in and out of Congress. The sectional issue has in consequence ceased to be a reliable weapon of party warfare. Its em ployment of Mr. Sherman 111 the fall campaign greatly diminished, it is generally conceded, his party's vote everywhere, and in Virginia and New Yoik contributed much to thedecisive vie ones gained by the Democrats in those States. The exit of sectionalism, which may be considered one of the most important events of our national history in the past year,- has given. an opportunity to the statesmen of both parties to consider dispassionately questions of foreign and domestic pol icy that have long attention. beeu demanding! 1 Mr. Cleveland and his cabinet, in I British politicians. Her chief employ the exercise of their executhe tunc-! ment, however, has been to consolidate tions, have done much to improve the ; her strength within her actual limits civil service, to restrain the depreda-1 tions or raiiroaas ana individuals upon the public domain, to check irregular ities in the administration of the de partments, aud, generally, to enforce the laws impartially; but in the" com munications laid before the forty ninth Congress the have urged the pressinir need of reforms which only the legislative branch of the govern ment can t ike in hand. Among the matters inus brought into deserved prominence are the silver problem, the -necessity of a reduction of the hisrh tariff tax, the needs of the navy, ana tne importance or enactments dealing with the questions of presi dential succession and electoral counts. The only foreign enterpiise in which vie have entraged was the restoration of older on the Isthmus of Panama. 1 - 1 - A 47 A . . . This, thanks to the discretion and tact of the Secretaiy of State and vigor of thefsnvy ueparr merit, was speedily accomplished without offence to the I olomman government, and in such a manner as to convince European gov ernments of our intention to exercise the predominant influence in the de ciion of all questions affecting inter oceauic lines of transit in that quarter of H e world. Ihe ettort ot Uarrios, the Pie-ident of Gautemala,,to com- pel a union ot the five Central Ameri can States was frustrated by hisdeath hi iNb-ittle with the resisting San Salvi donns. and peace was restored after some further fighting of a desultory character. The cordiality of our rela tions with Ecuador were at one time threatened by lrer treatment of Santos, an Amric-tu citizen, but Secretary Bayard's determined insistance upon the -relea-e of 'Santos secured a sub stantial, if ot formal, concession of ourjiist demands. Peru during the past year, as for several previous years, continued to be torn with civil war, but the capture of Lima by Cace res. a few weeks ago, tne resignation . months I Lave hd no return of the fjnip of President Ideias, and the prospec- toms. 1 cbeei fully recommend it as the tive election of ihe victor to succeed him, will, it is hoped, secure at length permanent peace. In Brazil the movement for the obolition of slavery has made consid erable progress in the past year. In the interference of Federal troops, in1 ho interest of a president ial cHiuli. date with tire loci! government of the 5tate of Xuoxo Loon. Mexico gives u a painful reminder of the Wonttroe- lon peruai of our own history, As he iuterfereuro was inspired wholly y ordinarvi hunger for office, it 'is tr be fercd that the incident- is but k further demonstration of the clrronii .incapacity of the Spanish race for republican government. Our north ern neighbor, Canada, has 'had variety given to her anna s bv a small-pox epidemic ami by a rebellion of tho squatters on thtf pHblic , lands of the rsorthwest Temtoiy. The completion. iikj r. u , ri , yi uin vauauian 1 acme. Railroad to within a few hundred miles of the Sasketchewan region, on. cupied by the rebellious half breeds. facilitated the suppression of Riel' movement by Gen. Middleton before it became wide-spread, and tlie.com- pletion or that transcontinental route rom sea to sea promises the dominion government immunity from enter- ? 1 rises ot that character in the future, jookincr aboard we find K 11 rniipu n statesmen struggling patiently with the myriad difficulties created lry the circumstancesand past history of'their several countries. In a number of them internal commutation, is added to foreign complications. Ihe British disasters in the Knst brought discredit upon the foreign policy of Mr. Gladstone, and lost him early in June the majority with which he took office five ears before. H was succeeded as nrinin initiUtur l.v Lord Salisbury, who, with trend luck. tact aud more conservativn nolinv speedily altered the aspec of "flails'. Rus it came to terms, the Ecryptian convention was ratified, and B.i"uarck. wuo haa thwarted every purpose of: the Gladstone ministry at Constanti nople and elsewhere, now lent his powerful aid. Added to this came the leath ot the Mahdi from disease or poison at Omdurmajo, near Khartoum, winch, tor a time, parahzed the movements of his followers.)' The Bui-garo-Roumelian question, after pro longed discussion, is to be settled on the lines laid down at the outset by the British ministry. The Zanzibar question with Germany wn satisfac- toriiy solved, and hnglaud obtained like favors with Germany in the set'' tlemeutof the Caroline Islands difhV culty with Spain.. Large additions were made to the empire in the acqui sition of Uechuanalnnd in the int-trior of Africa, of the Niger region, and of the kingdom of Burmah, not to meniou smaller areas in other quar ters of the globe. The passage of Mr. Gladstone's bill enfranchising some 2.000,000 new electors neiesitated tho election of a new Parliament. The voting, which took place in the first week of December, resulted in tho election of ,'U.whigs ami radicals, 251 conservatives and SO Irish nation-, alist. As 33b' votes constitute a ma jority, it is evident that neither of tho two first-named elements can maintain itself in power without the aid of the third, til;.- net result of why-h is to make Mr. Parnell'M demands in behalf of Ireland the first matter for the now House to pronounce upon. France has also had changes of min istry,!. Ferry losing office in April on the Tonquin uetion, and.M. Bris son, his successor, going out by rea son of the country's continued disajv proval of adventurous colonial enter prises. The war with China was brought to, a conclusion early irMlie year, and the difficulties with Mada gascar have been composed by a treaty negonaiea atinng its closing months. Fighting ami massacres of Christian? continue in lonquin, which promises to be anything but a profitahleacquis ition. Russia's already vast posses sions have, during lsk", In en .made more considerable bv additions in fVn- tral Asia. The progress toward Herat has been ranid. to tho dismnv l.f dm by constructing forts, railroad, &c. restricting her foreign enterprises to secret negotiations 'with leaders of opinion in Afghanistan, in Persia and in the Balkan peninsula. Germany has continued with success to develop her policy of colonization and acquisi tion in the interests of trade, ller army has been strengthened, iiiidin conjunction with that of Austria has been an effective instrument of the preservation of the pence of Europe, j The past year adds many names to , the -list of the distiniruished dead. j among their number tho of I resi- aent uraut, ice-rresiqentM Hen dricks and Colfax, Gehs. McClellan, McDowell and Toombs, and the mil lionaires Vanderbilt and Garrison. England regrets the loss; 'of Gens. Gordon, Stewart and Earle, killed in j the Soudan; the EaTl of, Shaftsbury and SirMoses Montefiore.the-cthinent philanthropist, and Dr. William B. Carpenter, the distinguished phvsiolo- gist, r ranee lost her greatest modem poet in the person of V icfor Hugo. Spain counts among her dead King Alfonso and General Serrano. Tho necrology of Germany includes tho names of Field Marshal, Baron Von Manteuffel, Prince Frederick Charles j and Dr. Natchtigol, te explorer of Ainea. .oi me least famous name in the list of the year's dead is that of Amed Achmet, the Mahdi of the Sou-. dn. Happy Thought in the Ntght Fpr years Mr Jas. It. Ackley, or 1C.'J West Fayette strict, Baltimore, hkd suf fered vith ncnralgla ro that he could hardly sleep. But he wri'e- "One night I was fuffering very m"ch, and the thought struck me that -Brown's lion Bitters would do me sornc good, and per haps curette. It was a happy thought,, and to my great. joy it has entirely cured me after using two buttle. After threo A 1- ' ... A. At 1 . M best tonic I have ever used." Neuralgia. sunercrs.xaKe tne hint 1 A Few Specialties. Silk Umbrella Bufslan 'Leather Sitcbel. Mela's Fine Shoe, afld ihe Favorite Shirt, at f 8ol Eiabtxm & CoJ V JJ.. ti ll I v.
The Wilmington Messenger (Wilmington, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Jan. 14, 1886, edition 1
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