Newspapers / The Wilmington Messenger (Wilmington, … / Feb. 11, 1886, edition 1 / Page 2
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r ........ THE GOLDSBORO MESSENGER, FEBRUARY 11, 1886.--DOTJBLE SHEET. IKl ZE XSg II lo -LLo .Liss .UL v TOBACCO CULTURE. How Cultivate and Cure Plant. PLANT BEDS AND THEIR TREATMENT. The growth and forwardness of the plant depends greatly upon the loca tion of the bed. The location should be of a Southern exposure, the soil moist,- with sweet-gum and post-oak errowth Drinci Daily, and near a small branch if possible. ! BURNING AND MANURING!. The bed should be cleared nicely of all shrubbery and litter before burn ing. Plant land should never be burned when wet, but when the land is in good order. We prefer to burn from the first of January to the first of March, thouerh the time extends from November 15th to Apiil 1st. The ma nurinc is oue noint to be well looked after. The manure for the Bed should never be of a burnine nature, as that is apt to retard the growth of the Dlants in dry weather. We use fine stable m an u re, which should be ap nlied evenly over the bed after the dead coals and ashes are raked off ; then, with grubbing hoes, hoe up three or four inches deep, not turning up the soil more than can be helped. If the bed is new. rake off the roots and annlv from 35 to 50 pounds per 100 yards, of the standard tobacco ferti lizer, (Durhani Bull is used a great deal through johr section,) then, with weedinoritoehoD the bed thoroughly and rate with a tine rake, taking off all coarse obstacles. When the bed is ready for the seed, which should be sown one tablesooonful to the 100 ' snuare yards, mixed well, with! one cralfon of dry ashes or fer tread about ilizer ; sow as evenly as possible ; whe sown, nicely, to prevent tne beds in extreme cold weather ; drain well and nut on canvas, which can be removed as soon as the plants are safe from the.fly and frost, which is about the 10th or 15th of April. It i very important to keep the (weeds and grass pulled, as they are very in jurious to the plants. KIND OF LAND AND ITS PREPARATION. The lands most preferred with us are of t. moderately coarse, sandy soil witli a deep yellowish subsoil. In se lecting lots for the yellow leaf, always select land free from wet, spouty places. Remember, that tobacco) of all crops, requires a thorough prepara tion of the soil, and the very best cul tivafion is absolutely essential to suc cess. If you have bottom land fallow in the tali with a two-horse plow, one that will not turn up the subsoil too much, i If fresh lands, break early in the spring with single plow; if: there is much vegetation, use a turning plow as deep as the nature of the case will admit ; if clean land, use a small plow, and plow as deep as possible. Should there be a drought ot a few weeks, re peat the fallowing as often as neces sary until the land is in good condi tion. If new ground, clean off all lit ter and break with a small cultivator , plow to prevent turning up the under soil too much; plow across the first plowing and harrow well to loosen the turf ; with pitchfork and rake pile up all the turf and roots and let them dry a few days and then burn themf then with grubbing hoe and axe cut and take up all roots near enough thie top to -come in contact with the plow. When ready for bedding plow and harrow again to get up all the roots that appear. The rows should be from 3 feet 3 inches to 3 feet G inches apart, the latter only on very strong! land. Barnyard manure should be kept dry chopped to pieces until it is fine and will drill regularly. We use, our ma nure altogether in the drill, and will give the manner in which we usually apply our manure and fertilizers. We lay off the rows before carrying the manures and fertilizer to the field. We never let more than one load of manure be exposed to the sun at one time. It is a very good plan toi haul and drill the manure (one load at a time) and then drill the fertilizer at the rate of 100 pounds to the 1,000 hills, on the average lands we culti vate ; thinner lands require more. The kind of fertilizer depends greatly upon Xhe condition of the land. We use and our neighbors generally are using the Durham Bull, as it is the best fer tilizer for the price we have everjused; it produces a vigorous growth, and stands a drought well, it grows tobac co with a beautiful texture and "fires' the plant as little as any fertilizer. When the fertilizer is drilled it should be covered immediately by turning two" furrows : together, running the plow very shallow in order to keep the hills low, then throw out the middle in'same manner, take a sweep made of a scant ling 4 inches square, 7 feet long, and cut the beds down as low as possible to prevent the tobacco drowning. Then with hoes put the hills 3 feet apart, and you are ready for planting. PLANTING TOBACCO. It is a matter of the utmost impor tance, and should by all means! have strict attention, for if the plants are not well planted the growth will be irregular to do this be careful not to bruise while drawing, or break while packing ,,in basket, and never plant one that is injured. It is an all im portant matter to see that the planters do not make the holes for the plants deeper than the plants are long, and -when the plants aie inserted be sure the dirt is well pul to the roots, but not packed too hard, as the growth will be retarded should there be a drought of a week or two after plant ing. ; THE CULTIVATION OF TOBACCO. s After the tobacco has taken hold so 'that there is no danger of killing by working, we take a small plow and bar off the rows, leaving a ridge of j 12 or 14 inches, running the plow! deep enough to loosen the soil beneath the plants, so the roots will have a suffi cient amount of loose earth to! grow m. fW e then take the hoe and work the ridge thoroughly from hill to hill, being careful not to work tod deep near the plant. After the first jwork ing let lay six or eight days (if j there is no fa.in and the land is not too foul . when ) the first working is done); then withhe Climax cotton plow, run-two furrows to the row, putting a small quantity of dirt to the tobacco, and with a sweep run one time in a row, which can be followed with the hoe if desired and stirred between the j hills ; do this as often as necessary to keep the tobacco from beings checked for the want of work. Never work to bacco deep after the forward plants begin to come in top. If a heavy crop is desired we advise a light working after the tobacco is about all topped. This is done by running a sweep one time in a row, very shallow, and scrap ing the row light with hoe. PRUNING TOBACCO. : As. soon as the stalk gets large enough to be pruned without injury, the bottom leaves should be taken off, which if promptly done will supply the upper leaves with more plant food, and produce a more vigorous growth; this should be ept up until you have your tobaccU pruned high enough to keep the bttom leaves off of the ground; when f they get j their full grpwth by this treatment you will haVe less trashy tobacco at the bottom of j the plant. j; ) TOPPING TOBACCO. jThere has been more good tobacco ruined by "topping" too high, than frjm almost' any other cause. If the ptynt is "topped" too high, the bot torn of it will, in most cases, burn up bejfore the top matures, and the con sequence is, you cut your tobacco with thie top green the bottom fired and the middle of the plant very poor to balcco. We seldom ever top over ten leaves, unless it is a plant pf unusual grjowth, which we top twelve leaves. Oijr motto is Prune high and Top low. I "suckering" tobacco. This part of tobacco culture is look ed after with too little interest by a great many farmers. If you let the suckers grow till they are six inches ora foot long, the plant is sure to be injured, as the puckers become tough anid when b'oken out, they of ten bring the leaf witti tbem, or break it loose fnim the stalk and it dies before the plant is cut. Suckers should never be allowed to grow longer than three inih.es, if it can possibly be avoided. worming tobacco. Tobacco cut j by worm will not bring a good price. We have several kinds of wortns to contend with, but our greatest enemies are the cut worm ealy in the season, and biid worm as the tobacco fnears the top; and la. t, but not least, the hern worm. The 11 L V. C A 11 i- i erally so in the ground, or ! where theuu i A V.x sun will not trouble them: about 7 or 8 of clock 1 1 t e morning, and remain ough, to keep the stems from break ing, we bulk as we move out, and if there is plenty hanging room, let lay four or six -days and; hang it up, as close together as possible, to keep it from getting in too high order when' the damp weather comes. But if there is not room to hang up, we let it lay long enough to settle, and then rebulk in order to' get the tobacco in less space. ' ... STRIPPING TOBACCO. This is something every farmer has to learn by experience. There is a great deal to, be learned by visiting the markets, and giving strict atten tion to the different ways in which farmers handle their tobacco, and who realizes the highest prices for the weed. It is very important that the tobacco should be well assorted, mak ing two classes of the lugs and six classes of the leaf. When stripping a good lot of tobacco, it can be matched with less grades than when fctrippingra common lot. Never allow more than six leaves of good sized tobacco to be tied in a bundle, unless it is common lugs. Smaller tobacco can have more leaves and look as well. The bundle should be drawn through the hand and laid straight, and never allowed to be thrown about like shucks. It is then hung on sticks, well drossed, to keep from tearing when taken off. Toe number of bundles to a stick 4J feet long is 30 or 35. When bulked, put four sticks in a layer with an empty stick on each side ot the bulk, to every layer, to keep the bundles on the ends of the sticks in position and prevent drying. If tobacco is in too high or der to keep, laying down, bulk it and let it lay 24 hours, and then hang it up to dry; if it lays too long, when bulked in high order, it will stick to gether, and be difficult to dry the mid dle of the bundle. Never carry tobac co to market in high order; unless it is until 4 or 5 o'clock in the afternoon, when they crawl out and do their mis chief. The afternoon is decidedly the bet time to catch the large worms. We advise the worming of . tobacco two or threej times a week until it is cut, if the w'orihs are plentiful. CUTTING AND HANDLING 'TOBACCO. CAUTIONS ApOUT HANDLING GREEN j ' - TOBACCO: 1st. The cutter should be careful, and not break, off any more leaves thain he can help, as the broken leaves are; apt to get bruised and cause them to tslack in curing. 2d. That he does not allow his stick holder to job holes in the leaves while hanging on the stiqk, and that the stick holder does notj lay a stick of tobacco on anything thajt will tear or injure it. j No pains shojuld be spared in handling tobacco whle green, as the least bruise will cauise a black spot when cured. The frames we use are long enough to haul thre bulks on; they are made of two pols squared well; mortice it'our holes 1x2 inches in each pole dividing the distance, Commencing, twelve inches froijn each end; and put in slats of somje tough timber. We then bore six holes in top of each pole! to put in standards two feet long, to keep the bulges from slipping. To get the right distjance for the standards, take a to bacco stick and measure, letting each about four inches, and leave a soace of six inches between the sticks: nut plaipks in the bottom and you have a goojl body to haul the weed when it is gren. It is very important to have tobacco hoisted regular in the barn, in 6rdjr to make a uniform cure, placii g the sticks about ten inches apart. CURING. j The curing process is a part most j dreaded by those who neyer had the opportunity of curing a barn of the weefl. It is a mystery, and yet a very j simple feature in raising a crop after j all when learned by personal expe- j rienbe. No man can tell his neighbor ' now to cure his tobacco, for the same treatment will not work well on tobac co raised on different farms. We can for your tobacco carry it to market with the leaf in good order, and the stem dry enough to break half way j down, and if you have bundled nicely, and assorted well, you are very apt to get a fair price. The above method is followed by the leading farmers in the Dutchville To bacco belt, and is given by us at the request of the Durham Fertilizer Co. to aid planters all over the State, who are not acquainted with the cultivation and curing of tobacco, that they may know how it is done in what is consid ered the finest tobacco section in the United States. Any further information wanted by new beginners in the cultivation of to bacco will be given by private corres pondence with either of us. Nathaniel H. Fleming, Alexander G. Fleming. Dutchville, Granville Co., N. C. Sash, Doors, Blinds, Brackets, Stair Work, Newels, Balusters, Scroll Work, Mantels, Fancy Store Fittings, Counters. She Pine, Cherry, Ash, Walnut, or Poplar. MOULDINGS at prices SO LOW as to Astonish the TKADK. vmg, Rough and Dressed Flooring, Ceiling, Weatherboarding, and other Lumber. Estimates made; Contracts taken for li Buildings, or Materials for same. Special Discpunt to the Wholesale Trade. c asses of of, Work we guarantee to duplicate prices from any Factory whethLr located North,-South, East or West OUR SCHOOLS. Editor Messenger : Our County Su perintendent of Public Instruction, E. A. Wright Esq., made his annual visit to the Ebenezer Public School, (district No. 4, white) a few days atjo. Although publicity was made of his coining, the very inclement weather prevented a great many patrons of the school from attending; however, after the services of the day were closed, he made a well-timed and practical lecture to the parents and children present, which was listened to with marked attention. He dwelt upon the great propriety of parents supplying their children with uni form text books, such as the State isoara oi iaucation advises, ana pro nounced Xhe school at Ebenezer under the management of Mrs. Z. Ophelia Crawford, well taught, well advanced, and about the best conducted public school he had visited. The commit tee regret very much that more of the people were not out to hear his address, and show that they felt an interest in the advancement of their children. I fear this county will never be sufficiently aroused to the great importance of educating their chil dren at public schools, which at pres ent, is the only means we have of givd the rules we are generally erov-1 orl it ; Ka hoA if "Riaii- Kill TREMENDOUS REDUCTION IN BLACK AND COLORED SILKS AND DRESS GOODS. Some Lines at One Half Their Former Price. Hp ITL l Is H are Barg'aiiis In LADIES' UNDERWEAR, TABLE LINEN, WRAPS, FLANNELS, JERSEYS. KID GLOVES Reduced from $1,00 to 50 Cents, and from $1,25 to 75 Cents per Pair. judgment, may be beneficial to some who? are just starting out as tobacco farmers. It is very important that the firesj when first raised are not too hot, as tike tobacco at the bottom will cod dle ind cure black. If tobacco is well yellowed and ripe when cut, we gen erally raise the heat to 100 degrees in eight or ten hours, and let it remain for jtwelve or fourteen hour?; then raise to 105 degrees or more if the to baedo does not j begin to dry at the ends of the leaves; there let it remain until nearly as yellow as desired; then rais it five degrees per hour, to 130 degrees, or faster if the tobacco will stand the heat without mottling, there remain till leaf is cured on the bottom row?, then raise to 135 or 140 degrees and j remain until leaf is cured in top of barn, then raise gradually to 175 or 180 degrees 10 or 15 degrees per houT, and remain until stalks and stems are well cured; it will do no harm if the heat goes to 190 or 200 de grees, if it does not remain too long during the last few hours firing. If the j tobacco should get to sweating white yellowing,' give it ventilation at bottom of the jbarn, that will drive awaj- all sweaty, spongy appearance and keep the tobacco in a drying con dition. These are a few of the most important rules for curing, but unless a full supply of self reliance and self judgment is used in connection, they will be of but little use to any one. j FLUES FOR BARNS. There are so many kinds of flues in use jthat we will only mention the kind we use. The furnace is built of rocks or bricks, eleven feet long, projecting out jof the barn one foot; the width is 18 inches at the bottom of the furnace and lb inches at top, 15 inches high witty rock or brick hearth. . We use 10 inch pipes with double return pipes. lhej flues should have about 10 inch elevation from mouth of furnace to where the return pipes come out of the barn; the pipe should be raised to the fop of the furnace where it starts, to prevent the coals getting in the pipe) and keeping back the heat. HANDLING TOBACCO AFTER IT IS CURED. It is frequently the case, that tobac co has to be handled when very dry. from the fact that few of our farmers have enough barns, and storasre room. It isja great mistake to plant more to bacco than can be housed without be ing damaged, by having to put it in houses unfit for keeping cured tobac co, jit is very important that vou should have your tobacco in as good ordet as possible when it is carried from. ( the curing barn to the storage room.' If the tobacco is in order en- ever passes Congress, it will be the means of infusing new life in the whole South, anu the people will take on new resolves and new en ergy, and press forward to the attain ment of a higher degree of knowl edge than at present characterizes our people. But I am digressing. Please publish the above in your val uable paper, and oblige, A Fatron. 'Tis SOZODONT the whole world tries. 'Tia SOZODONT which purifies The breath and mouih, and dirt defies, 'Tis SOZODONT for which we cry. Sweet SOZODONT for which we sigh, "Tis only SOZODONT we buy. 1 he Praise of ozodont like the famous article itself, is in almost every body's mouth The people know that it preserves as well as beautifes the teeth. ' Hence it is the standard Tooth Wash of the Period. 'Spalding's Glue," useful in every house. When a girl is being courted she sets a great deal by a young man. A Remarkable distribution. The 188th Grand Monthly Drawing of The Louisiana State Lottery occurred as usual at noon on Tuesday, January 12th. The First Prize of $75,000 was won by No. 24,945, gold in fifths at fl.OO each two held by M. Ditrich stem, care of M. Gross. No. 3 Chambers st. New York City; one to J. F. Benson, care of Jo. Baehr, No 927 Main st , Kansas ity. Mo., one to Isidor Schwartz of Kansas City, Mo., paid through the Bank of Commerce there The Second Prize of $25,000 was won by No. 84,3 .1, also sold in fifths at $1 each - one held by E. A Burnside, Cincinnati, O., paid through Southern Express Co.. who paid another fifth to Joseph Wittenkeller of Chica?a 111.; one to A. K. Simmons, 936 Elm St., Manchester, N. H . etc., etc. No. 70.658 drew the Third Prize (f 10,00), also sold in fifths at f 1.00 each one to W. A. Turner, No. 10 Third St.. one to J. B. Martin, No. 608 Howard St., both of San Fran cisco. Cal.. paid through Wells, Fargo & Co.'s Express; one held by G. Broetzman of Hous ton, Texas, where also dwell J. C. Kle nfelder & Co., who held another dollar's worth, one fifth, etc,, etc. No. 53.253 drtw the Fourth Prize ($6,000), held by J. w. Barnes of the Windsor Hotel, Kansas City. Mo paid thro' The iBank of Commerce there No. 20.569, held in San rrancisco. CaU drew the other Fourth Prize, $6,000, etc. The Extraordinary Grand Quarterly Drawing will be manage) by Gen'ls G. T. Beauregard of La-, and Jubal A. Z,a;'n Tuesday, March 16th, when $522,500 will be distributed by the laws of chance. A very popular air with the ladies "Sweet buy and buy." Bucklen's Arnica Salve The Best Salve in the world tor Cuts, Bruises, Sores, Ulcere, Salt Rheum, F-ver Sores, Tetter, Chapped Hands, Chilblains, Corns, and all Skixi Eruptions, and pos itively cures Piles, or no pay required. It is guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction, or money refunded. Price 25 cents per box. For sale by Kirby & Robinson. Goldsboro.N.C. 1 Our Prices are Lower than Ever ! Marked Down to Suit the Times ! We have added Largely to our CROCKERY and GLASSWARE Many New and Useful Articles for Housekeep3rs, M. febl-tf E. CASTEX & CO. 74 West Centre Street, Goldsboro, N. C. imnm)iB i 3DE3A.IEIS I2ST !P3 1 J ft i mi oil .i i Department L'lltttt I fill C3 A I'nttWa 111 I I o4 L. f Kattan, Keed, and Will ? ? o o I can and will Pay Mor- for GOOD. HIDES, (dry or Green), and FUR, than any firm in this City, because I am the Purchasing Agent lor the Largest Hide House lxi Boston AN D ONLY GET MY COMMISSION ElTThis is worth thinking about. Call and see me, after you have seen all the High Price Buyers, and Find, out "What I am Doing. POBox489. JOSEPH ISAACS. Goldsboro, N C, jan7-tf j Wholesale and Retail Grocer. do Co Ejsoir fl Large M of Fall ani fimer Msj Dry Goods, Notions, Hals, Boots, Shoes, Family Groceries, Sugar, . COFFEE. FLOUR. MOLASSES, MEAT. LARD. r 4n Assorted Tariety of Goods Now in Stock. Will sell at Lowest Prices. Honest Dealings. "We sell Good Goods that will nav you to buy. Come and see my Large Stock before purchasing. J. C. EASON, GOLDSBORO, N. C. aw Rockers. Carnet Fnhlino. Knnlrc . - ... - . ... I - - "' I vim crtyle ot Wood and (Jane "eat Children- Rockers Chamber Sets Poplar,Walnut, Cherry, or Ash Wood or Afnrbl )le Top. OUR STOCK OF IS LARGER THAN EVER, CONSISTING IN PART OF Baw bilk, Hair Cloth i and Brocaded Piu.h. Also Easy Chairs ad iuiuic xfjp lauuu or every style and Secretaries, Book Case,, Writing Desks, What No.s, Wa'nut i Maple Bxteoston Tables, Safes. Sideboards, Butcau.. W.sh Sta and a Large Assortment of Every Style of Chairs. .A. . yji arpeis, uu uioths and Rug', islLarcer tlmn and we offer the same, for the next 30 Db at Prime N. V. than ever, Coe!. OUR STOCK OF l1 1 ITT m- ... wiaro Yare, xin Ware, Wood and Lamp Goods, is complete and will Willow Warn. Hntlprv T.unma and be Bold at remarknhlv I.nw I'nces. octl-tf L. SIMON & CO., (Successors to H. Brunhild & Bro.) WHOLESALE DEALERS IN '. Liquors, Cigars AND 114 North Water St, WILMINGTON, - - JV. C. T BRANCH Or H. BRUNHILD & BRO., RICHMOND, VA. Sole Agents for HICKS & BRUNHILD BROS., Manufacturers 'f Tobacco, noY26tf RICHMOND, VA. A FULL LINE 0? C0NFfcC!M&7, Fine Coffees, Teas, Spices, Extracts, &c, t can always be found at COGDELL & BAENESV octl5-tf Steam Bakery; COPROLITE MANUEE AND Phosphatic Lime. THE NEW FERTILIZERS. !- ALSO Building Lime, Agricultural Lime and Carbonate of Lime. FSend for Circular. o FKENCH BROS., novfJT, 84-ly Rocky Point, N. C. H.L. GRANT, tot. GoldsDoaN.C TleSnrlesHonse, Smithfield, N. C, Under New Management. Having purchased the well-known FUL LEK HOTEL, and knowing- the wants of the traveling public. I shall spare no pains in making the accommodations first-class In every particular The best cooks, and trained servants employee XgyTelegraph office in the hotel. . W.B.8URLE3, onv3-iy i . Proprietor. WE A!Gi?SA CALL AND EXAMINE 0U "u"a -m UKE YOU PURCHASE. .a' 'vibo a Larere Lin v. m. w ar..'B.B i i i i ii it n sv virtue iu oraer on short tiOtice 87 FUCHTLER & . ' v.., uec, it-ir Respectful!) KERN, !fJG. PERKINS. 1886 1J We invite the nnhTTrTr 11" " : : PI m mm . "rwww" a examine our Stock of Dry Goods, Solions, Clothing, $ks, Hals, Hardware, Tiswi In Olnnto "''uiiieht we have '"IM",no rancy Goods, andafull line of Zephy" k reuucea prices. xoveuies of the feason. Pri,A 1S u"w. m our tiJ Parties ndtYtaA .m i" ' ' .. -" : piease call and settle- GOLDSBORO. N. 0 . Oct 5. 1883-tf.
The Wilmington Messenger (Wilmington, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Feb. 11, 1886, edition 1
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