The Alamance gleaner i VOL. LIV. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY JUNE 28, 1928. ' NO. 21. I ? . . ?' WHAT'S GOING ON | NEWS REVIEW OF GURRENTEVENTS Miss Earhart, First Woman to Fly Atlantic, Gives All Credit to Pilot. By EDWARD W. PICKARD MISS AMELIA EARHART, Boston social worker, the first woman to make the flight across the Atlantic ocean. Is being acclaimed queen ot the air, or the "Lady Llndy." With Wll mer Stultz as pilot and Lon Gordon as mechanic, the young woman flew from Trespassey, Newfoundland, In the trl motored monoplane Friendship, head ing for Southampton, England. After 20 hours and 49 minutes of flying through clouds and fog the aviators found their fuel supply was running low and they came down in the estuary off Burryport, Wales, 2,010 miles from the starting point Taking on more gasoline there, they completed the flight to Southampton and after an enthusiastic reception there, proceeded to London, where they were vocifer ously welcomed. Miss Earhart in newspaper articles and interviews asserts that she was In reality only .a passenger on the mo mentous voyage, although she Is an experienced aviator, and that the credit for the successful flight belongs to Pilot Stultz and Mechanic Gordon. Because of her rex it was natural that she should attract the most attention, but she resents this and Insists that recognition be given the great work of her male companions, especially Stultz. Owing to the fogs and clouds It was necessary to make almost the entire flight by Instruments and this Miss Earhart could not do, so she did not handle the controls at all. Stultz says they never saw the sea after go ing into a fog an hour out from Tres passey until they came to a fairly clear patch 75 miles east of Queens town. Part of the time they were In touch of land and ships by the radio set they carried. The plane Friend ship was originally built for Com mander Byrd's antartlc expedition. It will be brought back in a crate, for Miss Earhart, Stultz and Gordon planned to return by steamer after a brief visit to the continent Miss Mabel Boll and two companions have abandoned their plan to fly to Europe in Levine's plane Columbia. Tbea Rasche, German stunt flyer, backed by Mrs. James A. Stlllman, bas been preparing to pilot a plane,across the Atlantic but was delayed last week by court proceedings started by ber former backers. GEN. UJIBERTO NOBILE and five of tils crew of the loaf dirigible Italia were located by Major Maddal ena, Italian aviator, flying the seaplane Savola. Small parachntes carrying food, rubber boats, guns, spirit lamps an^d other supplies were dropped, and Maddalena thought tbe marooned men might be able to work their way toward land with the rubber / boats. Ten otbdr members of the dirigible's crdw still were lost?tbe three men wbo started afoot toward land after the Italia crashed, and tbe seven who remained with tbe dirigible and were borne away to the east when tbe gas bag rose again. COL. CHARLES A. LINDBERGH may now be addressed as "Doctor Lindbergh." for tbe University of Wis consin, wbicb he attended for a time before he became famous, conferred upon him the honorary degree of doc tor of laws. HUBERT C. WORK. secretary of tbe Interior^ was made chairman of the Republican national committee and generalissimo of tbe Hoover Curtis' campaign, and Representative Franklin Fort of New Jersey was made secretary. Joseph R. Nutt of Cleveland succeeds W. V. Hodges as treasurer. Tbe principal campaign headquarters will be In Washington, with branches In Chicago and New Fork. j DEMOCRATS from all parts of tbe country were flocking to Houston tor their national convention which, it was generally admitted, was certain to American Woman Has Made Goad a* Consul Pattle Hockadaj Field of Denver, he only American woman rice eooael o Europe. la a familiar figure la ev ?rj policeman In Amsterdam. She la fond both of horseback riding and Iriving a motor car. Ulaa rteld haa been In Holland as 'ice consul since November, 1925 Thls^ia bar first peat in the foreign tervice. and aba likes H ? . Tw* It ?a thn tcinaimiil ?f - ... " ' -l ?-> nominate Got. A1 Smith (or the Prerl dene;. Senator Jim Reed of Missouri, however, had not given up his Hgbt and professed to be confident that Smith would be "stopped" and be him self pot at the head of the picket Gen. Henry T. Allen of Kentucky, who was commander of the American army of occupation on the Rhine after the armistice, also announced be was a candidate for the honor, his chief plank being one for temperance. Got ernor Ritchie of Maryland, long con sidered a possible choice, withdrew from the contest In favor of Smith. Franklin Roosevelt was selected to put Smith in nomination. National Com mitteeman Norman E. Mack of New ' York, arriving early In Houston, created so/ne excitement by a vigorous attack on Volsteadism. and It was taken by some as forecasting as at tempt by Tammany to put a real wet plank In the platform. George 11. Van Namee, preconventlon manager for Smith, gave out a moch more tactful statement. Potential candidates for the vice presidency were numerous. They In cluded Jesse Jones, the pride of Texa9; Senator Robinson of Arkansas, minor ity leader of the senate; Lewis G. Stevenson of Illinois, son of the late Adlat Stevenson; Evans Woollen of Ihdlanapolls, Senator Kendrlck of Wyoming, and last but by no means i least, James Hamilton Lewis, former senator from Illinois. I * THERE was great excitement Id the Balkans following a murderous out break in the parliament of Tugo-Slavia, and grave results were feared. A rad ical deputy and government supporter. Ratchltch, fired six shots, killing two deputies and wounding four others. He was attempting to kill Stefan Radltch, leader of the opposition, and succeeded In wounding him In the stomach. The row was over the Net tune treaty which permits Italians to own land In the Dalmatian coastal plain and which was violently opposed by Radltch and his followers. It was predicted that the pact would be re jected, and also that as a result of the assassinations the conference of the little entente?iRumania, Czecho slovagia and Yugo-Slavla?would break up. This ' conference. In Bucharest, had planned to discuss Italy's penetra tion of Albania, Hungary's attempt to revise the treaty of Trianon and the Nettune treaty. When the news of the murders reached Croatia ten thousand persons gathered In Agram to demand that the Croatian parliament be convoked for the purposing of decreeing the separa tion of that country from "Bloody Ser bia." CHINESE Nationalist*, now victo riously established in l'eklng, are planning farther consolidation of tbeir control over the country. Their gov ernment has named two delegates to negotiate a compromise at Mukden by which the three eastern provinces of Manchuria, Fengtien, Klrin and Heil nngklang, would become members of the Nationalist government without further lighting. It also was an nounced that the Nationalist gov ernment does not Intend to push the military movement to Manchuria pending the outcome of the negotia tions. The Japanese ha^e more than 12,000 troofs IrP Manchuria and apparently seek to establish a protectorate there. Gen. Chiang Kai-shek withdrew his resignation as generalissimo of the Na tionalist armies and chairman of the military council. Foreign -Minister Wang has asked the United States to agree to the revision of all treaties with China. He considers America the best friend China baa Dr. C. C. Wo. who represents tile Nationalist govern ment in Washington, said Secretary Kellogg had taken the question of re vision under consideration. He also said the capital of China would be moved immediately to Nanking. GREECE is having rerioos difficul ties with the communists and the government declares It hat uncovered a revolutionary conspiracy. Riots amoog strikers broke out at Kanthl and the authorities suppressed the row srith severe measures. In retaliation a strike on railroads and public utili ties wae called and later it spread to bakeries and other Industries There were many clashes between the police and,the strikers, especially at Drama my mother that I made the trade," the says. "When I came op for the consular examinations tor the first time (n IW24. I was deficient In French, as I had had no opportunity to speak It. "Mother then simply agreed to take me to the Ecole des Sciences Poll tlques at Paris, where I acquired the necessary French. Returning to the Onlted States. I passed the examina tion In January. IftS. and la April entered the aarrlee la Urn Statu de partment at Washington Attar rtx where thirty were, killed and more than one hundred wounded. General I'angalos, former dictator, who baa been In prison since Ad gust, 1926, was carefully guarded, It being feared the strikers would try to release him. Da CHARLES FRANCIS BRUSH of Cleveland. Inventor of the arc light, has announced the establishment of a $500,000 fund, the Income from tvlilcb Is to be used to finance "efforts toward the betterment of human stock and toward regulating the Increase of population." The fund, all of. which was donated by Doctor Brush, will be known as the Brdsh Foundation In memory of Doctor Brush's son. Charles, Jr., who died last year. ? ? In a statement Doctor Brush de clared that he established the fund be cause he believes: That the threat of overcrowding the earth la rapidly In creasing; that science now preserves the unfit, and that science should also Improve the quality or reasonably limit the numbers of those born. "We are drifting rapidly toward the condition of China and India, where the people struggle, not for clothes, not for educa tion, but for something to eat," Doctor Brush said. COLD, rain; weather made last week rather unpleasant (or President and Mrs. Coolldge at the summer White House on Cedar Island, north ern Wisconsin. For several days the; were compel led to content themselves within doors, and then Mr. Coolldge ventured out (or some trout fishing In the Brule river. He caught six tlsh, and It was made ptihllc that he used files, not worms. When the weather moderated the President made a trip to his executive offices In Superior. Mrs. Cooltdge was recovering steadll; from her recent illness but did not get out doors very often. LOVERS o( good literature are mourning the death o[ Donn Byrne, American-Irish novelist, who was killed near his home in Ireland when his automobile upset. Mr. Byrne, who was only thirty-nine years old, was considered one of the best writers of English of the day and his novels were especially popular in the United States. He was born In New York of Irish parents, was educated In Amer ica, Ireland. Germany and France, and was for a time, employed on the staffs of two New York newspapers. Edwin T. Meredith, who was secre tary of agriculture In President Wil son's cabinet, died at his borne In Des Moines, Iowa, after an Illness of four months. Born af Avoca, Iowa, In 1876, Mr^ Meredith began active life as a rem "dirt" farmer and after leaving college be bought the Farmers' Tribune, a farm weekly, from bis grandfather. Later he discontinued this and estab lished Successful Farming as a month ly periodical. He was prominent In the Democratic party and more than once had been considered for nomina tion for the Presidency. ONE of tbe worst earthquakes Mex ico has experienced since 1912 occurred In the state of Oaxaca. It lasted 43 minutes and man; small buildings and chnrcb spires were thrown down. It was feared the loss of life would be heavy. Tornadoes were reported from many parts of this country, the worst being In Oklahoma, Indiana, Iowa and Ohio. Several persons were killed and the property losses were great. PRINCESS HELEN of Rumania at last Is legally freed from ber union with Prince Carol, former crown prince. A divorce was granted her by tbe Bukbarest courts on the grounds of "profound affronts offered and de sertion." Helen was married to Carol In 1921 and their son Michael Is now king of Rumania under a regency. Carol, who eloped with Magda Lupescu In 1923, did not contest the divorce. SECRETARY OP STATE KELLOGG has Invited all Latin-American re publics to a conciliation and arbitra tion conference In Washington Decem ber 10. Mr. Kellogg and Charles Evans Hughes will represent the United States. The Invitation pointed ont tbe conference was provided for In a resolution passed at the Pan American conference at Havana last February. Conventions adopted would be submitted to tbe various govern ments for ratification. months of practical work tbcrs I was assigned to the Netherlands." Vilas Field baa not holy a multitude of odds and ends to do?incidentally, she is treasurer of the consulate gen eral at Amsterdam?bat she finds time to specialise on commercial reports, chiefly of a statistical nature. There la only one other woman la the United Slates consular service loot counting, of coarse, clerks and stenographers)? Miss rupees E. Wil lis of Kedlanda, Calif, lbs is ssrrtag h Chits. BOLIVIA'S a ANCIENT RUINS Gateway of the 8un In the Kalaaasaya Rulne of Tlahuanacu. . (Prepared by the National Geographic Society. Washington. D. C.) BOLIVIA has some of the oldest rnins, the highest navigable lake, and one of the oldest, most revered shrines In the Western hemisphere. On a pilgrimage to those historic treasures one mnst board a crowded car on the Goaqull train In La Pas and climb behind an electric locomotive some 1,400 feet to the rim of that huge bowl which holds the picturesque capital city. From there the road leads westward toward Tla huanacu. Lake Tttlcaca, Copacabana, and the Islands of the Sun and Moon. The village of Tlahnanaru Is situ ated near the ruins of the ancient city of Tlahuanacu, which, according to most chroniclers and Indian historians, did not bear that name during the Spanish conquest, nor even while the Incas were masters of the district It Is generally agreed that Tlahuanacu Is a Qulchua denomination bestowed only a few hundred years ago. On what may have been the true history of Tlahuanacu ruins one specu lates fruitlessly, for its carvings and Its characters have never been read with certnlnty. To attribute the struc tures to Aymara or Qulchua peoples, races of yesterday. Is Incorrect The Aymara tongue Is the Sanskrit of America, and even older than Tla huanacu; but the Aymaru race Itself, conquered by the language and tnklng name from It, Is far younger. Geographically considered. It seems well established that the ancient city, now situated on a spacious plain some 1.1 Vi miles from Lake Tlticaca. once stood on the shores of a southern bay of the lake, for north of the ruins exist traces of a harbor mole, take Tlticaca apparently having receded In the course of the centuries. Tlahuanacu has been judged the product of two distinct and successive civilizations, the latter supposedly re constructing. to some extent, ruins left by an earlier people. Some In vestigators attribute the reconstruction work to the Aymaras, whose descend ants now dwell In the region, out the latter have no traditions or legends about such builders, much less o. the primitive preceding civilizations. Dr. Belisario Dlas Romero, formerly director of the National Museum of Bolivia, thinks we must seek for the origin of the primitive Tiahtianncotan in an ancient Andean race of Mongo loid source, the predecessors of con temporaries of the predecessors of the founders of the Mayan civilization In Central America. The resemblance of the present Aymara Indian Inhab itants to the Asiatic Mongols Is star tlins. Indies of Monglold Type. The Aitnara-Qulchua peoples are Identified by many students of anthro pology with the Tatar-Mongols In all the south American groups In Pern, Chile. Argentina, and andent Colom bia. and are of a type chiefly brarhy cephalic. The head la large, the face broad, and cheeks wide; the nose Is large and salient, but never sharp; the eyes are small and usually black, the lips thick. There are many Indications that two sery different civilizations succeeded each other at andent Tlahuanacu. Many of the worked stonea are only half finished, which Induces the belief that some great catastrophe, natural or otherwise, compelled the workmen to leave their tasks uncompleted. The character of the work Itself denotes that the half-shaped and sculp tured atones belong to the second phase of Tlahuanacu'a history. Statues and monoliths are not of the same rock materials, nor of the same artistic style. Great menhirs, or monoliths. Inclose an enormous quadrangle to the east of the present village. Dolmens, or at sot tables, generally consisting ad thru* or tear tares fist stones, covered with another and forc er one, like a table supported by its legs, are found In many places about this region, but more especially near the shores of Lake Tltlcaca and upon Its many Islands. May Be Tombs of Heroes. These may be the remains of what once were tombs of heroes and not ables to whom the tribe wished to pay tribute. Tbey are similar In appear ance to those seen In Denmark, Ger many. France, and other European countries. Covered galleries, with their openings always toward the ris ing snn or to the north, are occasional ly found In the low hills near the Tla hnanacu rains. Other fentnres of these monuments nre the grent statues hewn out of the raw stone, representing heroes and divinities, a class of scnlpture said to he entirely tacking among European rains of comparable culture. Bolivian Investigators hare desig nated by their vnrlous Aymara names the different sectloila of the ruins. A stairway once led to the upper level, where a great basin of water stood. A part of the hill slopes near by have been sown to grain by thrifty Indian families without sentiment. A canal'of stone seems to have led down the side of this mound, for some purpose not now clear, and sections of the grays!one trongh conduits still exist In short pieces tn one of the rains below. * Tempi* of th? Sun. North of Akapan, a thousand feet or leas from Its base, lie* what It generally considered the oldest' of the rulos. Kalasasaja, or Temple of the Sun. It Is a parallelogram about 400 feet square, marked on all sides by upright menhirs from 15 to 20 feet high. This ruin rises from a single terrace, about 10 feet above the sur rounding plain, which It said to have been covered entirely with smooth paving stones at one time. Monolith and statne bases, tops of great pillars, conduit sections, and pieces of doubtful origin still remain here and there. Pillars are deeply rooted In the soil and so cut and de signed -a to bear great slabs, plat forms, and archea They are from 18 to 20 feet apart. In the northwestern angle of Kala sasaya the Great Portal, Sanctuary, or Gateway of the 8un, at It Is vari ously known. Is the most Interesting tingle portion of the ruins to the east of the village. This famons door, like others of Tluhnanaco, was shaped from a single block of gray volcanic rock about 16 Inches thick. Standing erect. It measures some 11 by 18 feet and faces toward the east Its central doorway measures 4ft feet In height and 2% In width. This surprising facade Is wonder fully ornamented In low relief upon the eastern side above the door. The motif consists In general of a figure of the Sun God. the rays about bis bead, some of which terminate In small heads of a jaguar, the Tlahuanaca God of Night and bearer of the moon In the sky. In each hand the Sun God bears a hoe-tbaped scepter. He Is flanked by forty-eight figures, twenty four on a side, consisting of threa i prows of eight figures each, about a fourth his own size. These figures all face the god, are running toward him. In fact, and carry small scepters aim liar to hit. Upper and lower rows on either hand bear the likeness of a winged man. and all are crowned alike, being repe titions of a single figure. The middle row of figure* on either si da, consist ing of siiteen, also a repetition of ode figure, are like the others save for the head, which ends la a strong, curved beak, representing the condor, royal bird of the Andes, now appearing on BeUvta's rest If uiwm. '' ?.e ?: ? ? . . . \L. ./ .J . 81 John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Vs., Whors Patrick Henry Mads His Fsmous "Liberty or Death" Oration. Where Great Patriot Won Immortality Lineal descendants of members of the Virginia convention of 1775, re gardless of where they were living, went to Richmond, Va? to Interpret the roles of their ancestors at the cel ebration of the one hundred and fifty second anniversary of the historic stormy meeting In St. John's church, which took place there ttarch 22, 1927. The stirring scenes of the conven tion when Patrick Henry took bis stand for "liberty or death" were re produced with utmost care, the de scendants In costumes of the day an swering to the roll calls and voting on the various motions. The little building stands In the cen ter of an acre of ground given to the vestry by the second William Byrd. great landowner, founder of Richmond and ancestor of Commander Richard Byrd of Polar fame, and It looks to day much as It did In the days before the Revolution. The honor of havlnfc designed and constructed this first bouse of God In the new town, destined to become one of the most hallowed shrines of the Western world, fell, so the records declared to Richard Randolph, gentle man, and he completed the work In 1741. In those early days the cburcb was only 00 feet long and 20 feet wide, and the pulpit was In the east end. where a door hat been cut since In what Is now the east transept. Church Is Enlarged. This was done when the building was enlarged and the pulpit moved to the south end. for the young town on the banks of the James river I proved to be more of a church-going community than the vestry bad an ticipated. Soon It was found to be far too small for the needs of Henrico parish, as the city of Richmond Is called to this day In Episcopal par lance. It wit not in expensive itrnetnre, thli tiny church, where Home of the greatest patriot! of the age gathered, the original bnlldlng baring coat IS17. Tbla amonnt waa paid to Richard Ran dolph through the aale of 20,000 pound! of tobacco, to be lerled on the pariah yearly and aold, until the whole payment waa complete. The Drat service in the enlarged building waa on Chrlotmaa day, 1772. Then came the epoch-making Boo ton maieacre. which so stirred the col onies toward concerted action against George III. One convention to consider the mat ter had l>een already held In Wllllame burg, the colonial capital of Virginia, and now that another waa to take place It was considered desirable to hold It In Richmond as being at a safe distance from interruption by Lord Dunmore. the hostile royal governor. Because Virginia at that time ex tended from the Atlantic to the Missis sippi river, delegates from distant frontiers came on "horseback bringing their belongings in saddlebags and were well armed against marauding Indiana. ?all's Historic Tolling. After allowing a few days' grace for stragglers to arrive, the old bell?now In cars of the Virginia Historical so ciety?which bad pealed for wed din g% tolled for funerals and calmly called the reverent to service, rang out Its challenging notes calling togother the convention, and not even' the wisest could know that It was announcing the birth of a nation. Already Daboey Cut. eminent Vir ginian. had offered a series of reaol% tlons for a system of Intercolonial committees of correspondence which was to prove the 11 rat step toward the founding of the Union. At that time, > however, there bad bean sopaa oppo ? sttlea; bat among the supporters of - Carr were Patrick Henry and Richard i Henry Lea, the latter soon to be one > of the signers of the Declaration of l Independence. In addition to Henry, Las and Carr. I them were la that group of llbarty and Thomas Jefferson. KI chard BIsai Lee and Edmund Pendleton. Benjaaatn | Harrison and Carter Braxton, togeth er with many other*. It trill be recalled that one of the Brat acta of tlie convention was to ad fer a resolution declaring that It was the most ardent wish of the colony and of thd whole continent of North America to aee a speedy retarn t? those hallowed days when wit IHai a free and happy people." Patrick Henry promptly uppoead the resolution on the ground that It wsaM * loll the public mind Into conSdewen j jost when Its liberties were en dan gered. He offered n countcr-reentw- ' tlon calling for the arming of the colonics and. In turn. was ImnndWb ly opposed by many of the Icatah Liberty or Death. An eyewitness In describing (he scene, according to Mary Newtsa . Stanard. distinguished Virginias his torian, said that: "Henry arose with an unearthly fra . burning in his eye. He eomnaewesdl somewhat calmly, but the smothered . j excitement began more and morn to play upon his features and thrill la the tones of bin voice. "The tendons of hit neck stood sat, white and rigid, like whipcords. Hta voice rone loader and loader white thn 1HAVK M mm Imm *T ?tkt mm M mm ?i Hi ij mmi thM h thv km* ?< W tW MoT Wkr?? put. r??h* H?rv wall of the building and all within seemed to shake aod rock In lta tre mendous vibrations. "Finally, his pole face and glaring eye became terrible to look upon. Men leaned forward In their seats, their beads strained forward, their faces pale and their eyes glaring, like the speaker's" It la the climax of this eery speech that erery school boy and girl la the land can recite: "la life so dear or peace so sweat as to be purchased at the price of chelae and slavery? Forbid It, Almighty Godt 1 know not what course others any take; hot as for roe, give me liberty or glee me death!" According to the same eyewitness: "When Mr. Henry sat down every eye yet gaaed entranced. Men looked beside themselves. . . . 1 felt aicfe with excitement." Bat It Is recorded that a Tory pros - ent received a very different leapt en slon, for be wrote to a friend, saying: "T?t never heard anything note tnfhmooely Insolent than P. Henry's speech.'" The tesolndoa wee adopted ImmeM ately and the name of Patrick Henry ?the tongue of Virginia?was en rolled with the Immortals, and the lit tle church became a shrine In the hearts of a gnat people. "" Revolutionary Army Pmy By a resolution. July 20. 1775, con gress allbwed privates M.M% ? month. In September of the fallen tat year, yielding to force of dream stances, congress voted to give a> men enlisting far the war a hiiaagy. | They wen to receive land In pupae tloo to the nnk. NoocomaeMMlee* acres After farther debate; Cengnaa>.' added to the latter a salt af dethaal|