The Alamance gleaner
Vol. LXIII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1937 No. 1
News Review of Current
Events the World Over
President Propose# Reorganization of Federal Judiciary,
Increasing Supreme Court Justices to Fifteen
Efforts to Settle Motor Strike.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
? Western Newspaper Union. .
DRJESIDENT ROOSEVELT electri
' fled congress with a surprise mes
sage proposing sweeping changes in
the federal court system which
President
Roosevelt
would allow him to
pack the Supreme
Court with justices
who could be expect
ed to uphold the con
stitutionality of New
Deal legislation.
He submitted a
draft of a bill to ac
complish this reor
ganization. It pro
vides :
1. That for every
federal judge with a
service record of at
least ten years continuously or
otherwise" who fails to resign or re
tire within six months after reach
ing the age of 70 the President shall
appoint another judge.
2. That the number of additional
judges so appointed shall not exceed
fifty, the Supreme Court being lim
ited to 15 members, appellate and
special courts to two additional
members each and district -jcourts
to twice the present number of
judges.
3. That two-thirds of the Supreme
Court and three-fifths of other courts
shall constitute a quorum.
4. That the chief justice of the
Supreme Court shall transfer circuit
and district judges to jurisdictions
with congested dockets in order to
speedup disposition of litigation.
5. That the Supreme Court shall
be empowered to appoint a proctor
to supervise the conduct of business
in the lower courts.
The President also proposed a re
form in the injunctive process which
he declared would expedite Supreme
Court rulings on the constitutionality
of legislation and would further in
sure "equality" and "certainty" of
federal justice. He said frequent in
junctions which set aside acts of
congress are "in clear violation of
the principle of equity that injunc
tions should be granted only in those
rare cases of manifest illegality and
irreparable damage against which
the ordinary course of the law offers
no protection."
ne asKea tnat congress lorDia any
injunction or decision by any federal
court touching a constitutional ques
tion without "previous and ample
notice" to the attorney general to
give the government an opportunity
"to present evidence and be heard."
His bill proposed that any lower
court decision which involved a con
stitutional question be appealed di
rectly to the Supreme Court, where
it would take immediate precedence
over all other business.
New Deal leaders in congress
were expected to back the Presi
dent's proposals solidly, while it be
came apparent that the conservative
Democrats might align with the
solid Republican group in opposing
it. The latter group saw in the bill
a direct attempt to get rid of some
of the older justices of the Supreme
Court wh? have proved continual
stumbling blocks for pet New Deal
acts.
Chief Justice Charles Evans
Hughes, approaching 75, has voted
sometimes to sustain, sometimes to
invalidate New Deal laws. Justice
Willis Van Deventer, 78, has invari
ably opposed New Deal laws; so
have James Clark McReynolds, 75;
George Sutherland, 75, and Pierce
Butler, 71. Louis Dembitz Brandeis,
80, has voted to sustain New Deal
acts, except tin the cast of the NRA,
rejected by unanimous decision.
If the President is successful in
putting over the proposed changes
it will be the eighth time in the 148
years of the Supreme Court's history
that the number of justices has been
changed. The largest number ever
to ait on the bench was 10 from 1863
to 1866, and the smallest number 5
from 1801 to 1802.
-r n ESPITE the warm opposition of
Democratic Senator J. W. Bail
ey of North Carolina and others,
including the few Republicans, the
^/lenate passed the house deficiency
. relief bill carrying an appropria
tion of $948,725,868.
Senator Bailey spoke in support of
his amendment which would require
a means test, or "pauper's oath,"
as some have called it, for states,
. ? counties, and their political subdi
? visions to secure federal aid for
their relief requirements. T h ?
amendment was rejected without a
record vote.
ARITIME workers on the Pacl
1 flc coast ended their long
strike by accepting working agree
ments that had been negotiated in
San Francisco and the 40,000 men
returned to their jobs. Ships in all
the ports, long idle, got up steam
and prepared to resume business,
and the ticket offices were thronged
with passengers.
Shipowners issued a statement as
serting the end of the walkout would
mean a business revival for 1,000
industrial plants and 500 export of
fices up and down the coast.
D ROUGHT together by Gov.
u Frank Murphy at the demand
of the White House, representatives
of both sides in the General Motors
strike were in al
m o s t continuous
conference seeking
a way to settle the
controversy. The
corporation was
represented by Wil
liam S. Knudsen,
executive vice pres
ident, and John
Thomas Smith of
the legal staff. Act
ing for the strikers
were John L. Lewis,
head of the C. I. O..
William S.
Knudsen
John Brophy, its director, and
Homer Martin, president of the
United Automobile Workers.
It was reported that at one time
the conference was near collapse.
Then Governor Murphy received a
message from the White House say
ing the President expected a settle
ment.
During an interim the governor
said both sides were in earnest and
doing their best.
Judge Gadola in Flint had issued
an injunction ordering the sit-down
strikers there to leave the plants.
The sheriff served notice to the
men and they jeered him. They
then sent to Governor Murphy a
bombastic message to the effect
that they would resist eviction to
the death. The mayor, city man
ager and police chief of Flint, as
serting the people were tired of
strikes and violence, organized be
tween 500 and 1,000 police reserves.
The police chiff warned Lewis he
"had better call off his strike if he
doesn't want another Herrin mas
sacre."
A writ of attachment for forcible
expulsion of the sit-down strikers
was obtained by the G. M. lawyers.
OECRETARY of the Interior Har
" old Ickes and the national re
sources committee of which he is
chairman have produced a public
Harold Ickes
works and national
water program for
the next six years,
and it was submit
ted to congress by
President Roosevelt
with the recommen
dation that it should
be adopted. It in
volves the expendi
ture of five billion
dollars and calls (or
lump sum annual
appropriations under
uve regular Duagci iur a usi ui ap
proved projects, and allocation of
the funds to a permanent public
works or development agency.
As the chief part of the plan, Mr.
Roosevelt presented congress with
a list of some $2,750,000,000 worth
of water conservation projects, in
cluding a $116,000,000 flood-control
program in the inundated Ohio and
Mississippi river valleys.
In his transmission message the
President warned congress against
considering each project as a sep
arate entity. The report, he said,
"should, of course, be read in con
j nction with the recommenda
tions for highways, bridges, dams,
flood control, and so forth, already
under construction, estimates for
which have been submitted in the
budget."
TO FINANCE for another year
the social security board, vet
erans' administration and about
thirty other federal agencies, the
house appropriated one billion, for
ty - six million dollars. The bill,
passed without a record vote, car
ried a last minute amendment pro
viding that none of the funds ap
propriated should be available to
pay for the expenses of any con
gressional investigation. This
amendment was aimed at senate
investigations such as the La Fot
lette and Wbeeler inquiries.
FEVERISH work, day and night,
" by 120,000 pick and ahovel la
borers all down the Mississippi from
Cairo appeared to have won the
fight to save the fertile lands along
the river from the great flood. But
engineers warned that the danger of
inundation was not yet over. How
ever, most of the levees were hold
ing and the winds that had been
driving the waters against them
were subsiding. About 300,000 in
habitants of the valley had been
forced to abandon their homes, but
the Red Cross and other relief agen
cies were caring for them. At Cairo
and Hickman were plenty of coast
guard boats and barges ready to
rescue the people if the embank
ments gave way.
Floodwater from a break in the
Bessie Landing, Tenn., levee all but
encircled Tiptonville, Tenn., and
spread over adjacent thousands of
acres. Backwaters continued to har
ass lowland dwellers in Mississippi
and Louisiana but engineers re
mained Arm in the conviction the
worst definitely would be over when
the crests pass Arkansas and Ten
nessee.
T")R. STANLEY HIGH, religious
publicist who has been promi
nent among the administration sup
porters, is out of Presidential favor.
He has been cashing in on his
closeness to the White House by
writing for periodicals, and his lat
est article, entitled "Whose Party
Is It?", in the Saturday Evening
Post, brought this statement re
leased by Assistant White House
Secretary Early:
"The President announced the
death of the 'official spokesman' in
March, 1933. He now announces the
passing of the so-called authorita
tive spokesman ? those who write as
'one of the President's closest ad
visers.' "
Though High was not named, Mr.
Early left no doubt as to who was
meant.
ITALY and Turkey settled their
*? disputes in conferences between
their foreign ministers, Count Ga
leazzo Ciano and Dr. Tewfik Rustu
Aras. Italy will participate in the
Montreux convention which gave
Turkey the right to rearm the Dar
danelles, and Turkey is assured
that Italian ambitions to possess
Turkish Anatolia have been aban
doned.
It was believed Mussolini consid
ered the time ripe to make friends
with Turkey, first allaying Turkish
suspicions and defining spheres of
influence, in the hope Italy could
woo Turkey from friendship with
Moscow.
SECRETARY of State Rafael
Montalvo of Cuba announced
that Pedro Martinez Fraga had.
been appointed Cuban ambassador
to Washington. He has been serving
as minister to London and will suc
ceed Ambassador Guillerrr.o Pat
terson, who has been transferred to
Mexico City.
'"pHIRTEEN of the Russian con
-*? spirators tried in Moscow for
plotting the overthrow of the Stalin
regime were condemned to death
* ? n ? *-:.i .
uy me uiai tuui i,
and their pleas for
mercy were reject
ed by the presidium
of the communist
executive commit
tee. They were or
dered shot within 48
hours after sentence
was pronounced.
One of the execu
tioners said "they
died like soldiers."
To the surprise of
the world, four of
Grejory
Sokolnikor
the leading defendants were saved
from the firing squad, being sen
tenced to terms of imprisonment.
These were Karl Radek, once noted
journalist, and Gregory Sokolnikov,
former Soviet ambassador to Lon
don, given ten years each; and M.
S. Stroilov and V. V. Arnold, or
dered confined for eight years. The
judges said these four men, while
guilty of treason, did not actually
participate in terroristic and wreck
ing activities.
COL. CHARLES A. LINDBERGH
celebrated his thirty-fifth birth
day in Rome, whither he had flown
with Mrs. Lindbergh in their new
plane. From the Eternal City they
flew to Tripoli to spend ? few days
with Gen. Italo Balbo, governor of
Libya and himself ? famous air
man. Then they planned to continue
to Egypt.
FEDERAL agents and Missouri
state troopers were led by Rob
ert Kenyon, a twenty-year-old mor
onic police character, to a thicket
fourteen miles from Willow Springs,
where lay the body of Dr. J. C. B.
Davis whom Kenyon had kidnaped
and allegedly killed before attempt
ing to collect $5,000 ransom. Kenyon
confessed the crime and was rushed
to jail in Kansas City to save him
from lynching. There he told a wild
story of one "Nighthawk" who, he
said, forced him to write the ran
som note and then murdered the
doctor.
" Dragon " Is the W oriel? s Deadliest Bomber
"The Dragon," ten-roan giant bomber, built in secret at Inglewood City, by the North American Aviation
company, is shown ready for its first test flight. It is declared by its designers to be the "most formidable
ship of its type in the world." Following competition in army trials next March, the twin-engined mono
plane may fasBMBUi standard military equipment* ? ? ? ? - ?
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rx^ ymQfffMpPnM BEpniM |Ltx_|^v^-j
i Thornton W Burgess
THE FARMER MAKES FRIENDS
WITH BILL! MINK.
TTHE farmer under whose wood
1 pile Billy Mink was living did
a lot of thinking after he guessed
that it was Billy Mink that had driv
en all the rats out of his barn into
his house. "If I could get that little
brown rascal over here to the
house," thought the farmer, '1
would soon be rid of those pesky
rats. But how am I going to do itT
If he doesn't know that those rats
are over here he certainly will not
venture any nearer to the house
than that woodpile. And if he cannot
get into the henhouse to steal my
chickens he won't stay around here
very long because he will have little
to eat. The thing for me to do is to
see that he has plenty to eat and
learns where it comes from."
So the very first thing the farmer
did the next morning was to put
some scraps of fresh meat just
outside the woodpile. It didn't take
Billy Mink long to find them. Of
course the farmer was out of sight.
He was in the barn peeping through
a crack. He saw Billy come out
from under the wood and sniff at
the pieces of meat. It was clear
that Billy was suspicious. He went
all around those scraps of meat
and the farmer could tell by the
way he moved that Billy suspected
a trap. _____
But Billy found no trap. Of course
not, because there was no trap. At
last he ventured to seize one of
those scraps of meat and darted
back into the woodpile with it. A
few minutes later he was out again
just as cautious as before. So, one
by one, he took the scraps of meat
under the woodpile. The farmer
smiled as he saw the last scrap dis
appear. He knew that Billy had
enough for a good meal, and that
with a stomach well filled he would
probably take a nap.
This is just what Billy did. Be
fore he fell asleep he kept wonder
ing about those scraps of meat and
how they happened to be so handy.
"It's funny," thought Billy, "how
that meat happened to be right
there. I wonder if that farmer could
have dropped it. If he did, I hope
he'll do it again." With this, Billy
went to sleep.
For Southern Wear
w ?? wmmmmmmmmmmammmm
Dusty pink English woolen i ?
cleverly tailored in this attractive
two-piece outfit for wear in the south
under the sun or at home under a
fur coat. The black milan hat with
heart-shaped brim and wide belting
ribbon band is from Suzanne Tal
bot.
Just at dusk Billy awoke. He was
hungry again. He began to think
of those hens over in the henhouse.
Then he remembered the trap he
had found over there and decided
he would keep away from the hen
house. He decided that he would
go over to the barn to see if any of
those rats had returned. And then
all of a sudden he remembered that
easy breakfast he had had that
morning.
Instantly Billy popped his head
out from the woodpile. He didn't
really expect to find any more
scraps of meat, and you can guess
just how surprised and pleased he
was when he found that there were
more scraps just where he had
found his breakfast that morning.
For the first time Billy suspected
that they might have been put there
I PAPA KNCWS-1
JiSh
"Pop, what is a hawk?"
"Pawnbroker."
? Bell Syndicate. ? WNU Scrvlc*.
especially (or him, and in his heart
he began to have a friendly feeling
for that farmer.
C T. W. Bumn-WKU Banrle*.
MOTHER S COOK BOOK
SWEET SANDWICHES
TP HE brisk winds of the winter
A stir the blood, the appetite, and
the social instincts as well. After
noon teas, bridge luncheons, din
ners, and children's parties are un
der swing when the outdoors is less
attractive than a cheerful fire.
Sandwiches are always appropri
ate for most occasions, especially if
the fillings are novel and tasty. Here
are a few suggestions which are eas
ily prepared and may be used for
? lunch box or a party:
Put a dozen dates and one-fourth
pound of peanut brittle through a
food chopper, mix thoroughly and
spread on graham crackers. Cover
with another cracker and press firm
ly together.
KNOW THYSELF
by Dr. George D. Greer
WHY IS IT SO DIFFICULT FOB
SOME PEOPLE TO MAKE VP
THEIR MINDS?
PSYCHOLOGISTS have come to
1 the conclusion that difficulty in
making up one'a mind is usually due
to lack of self -confidence. This lack
may not be known to the person
himself, and may be entirely sub
conscious, but it functions to pro
duce indecision whenever there are
several choices and one thing must
be selected from the rest. He wants
some advice, or wants to show it to
someone else before he makes up
his mind. He has an inner feeling
that he ia not intelligent enough,
experienced enough, or does not
have enough good taste, or some
thing else, to make the choice alone.
Such people have to be told by
others what they should do; then
they feel satisfied? especially if the
other person advises the choice they
themselves really liked best.
Crush half a dozen chocolate
creams with a wooden spoon, add m
tablespoonful of cream or rich milk
and stir until well blended. Spread
on vanilla wafers, cover with a layer
of grape jelly and top with another
wafer.
Crush a dozen coconut bonbons to
a bowl, add two tablespoonfuls of
orange marmalade and mix well.
Spread on soda crackers, cover
with another to form a sandwich
and toast to a hot oven. Serve
hot and crisp with a cupful of tea.
Place large marshmallows on sal
tine biscuits, put into the oven until
the marshmallow has melted. Re
move from the oven and sprinkle
with finely chopped candied cher
ries and walnuts. This is an open
sandwich.
A most delicious filling for an aft
ernoon tea sandwich is grated maple
sugar, finely chopped blanched al
monds and cream to mix to the con
sistency to spread.
Jellies of various kinds make most
delightful fillings for a tea sandwich.
Beat the jelly until smooth, then
spread very lightly on thinly but
tered bread.
e Western Newspaper Union.
ADMONITIONS
By DOUGLAS MAIXOCH
COME day some new event arrives
J To change the course* of our
lives.
And we, in our bewilderment.
Blame not ourselves, but that event.
Our private fortunes, public weal.
In some swift movement of the
wheel
Are swept away, and men declare
That fate has caught them unaware.
But nothing happens in a night.
Or in a day, if wrong or right.
It is announced, if far or near, ,
If men would only see and hear ?
Some little fissure in the wall
Before the levee's ramparts fall.
And ev'ry nation that has been
First had its enemies within.
For be tomorrow what it may.
That was determined yesterday
We pay the penalty at last
Of sleeping sentries of the past.
For nothing happens in an hour,
A revolution or a flow'r.
The sky is wet before the plain.
With admonitions of the rain.
e Dootfw MaIIocJl ? WVi: krdML
THE LAMGVAGK M
or youb mm ?
A By Leicester K. Davis
C Pin>U? Ladw. 1M.
' Th? Thumb of -
LiUk Affection
0
TP HERE axe, of course, come men,
* and women who are seemingly
incapable of manifesting warmth in
their affections. In fact, such per
sons seem singularly devoid of abil
ity to give or attract love. Luckily,
they are tew and far between, bat
you may be called upon to analyst
hands in which this deficiency most
be included in your delineation at'
character.
The Thumb of Little ACactiaa
The thumb which indicates thia i&
usually inclined toward length rather
than shortness. The hrst, or nail,
joint is invariably stubbornly rigid
under backward pressure. And the
first and second joints are straight
and of even lengths. Often the
knuckle which separates them is tin
duly prominent and knotty. All at
which is sure sign of the possessor's
strength of will and coldly analytical
control.
The third, or palm, joint is
straight and often quite bony when
viewed from the back. The outstand
ing mark, however, which enables
one to place this type of thumb un
hesitatingly in the category of the
"loveless," is the flatness of the un
derside or palm portion of the third
joint. This is sure to be notable by
its absence of roundness or contour,
and may, in fact, be depressed or
"cupped." You may place the owner
of the hand where this is found as
one to whom love and warmth of
response through the affections are
a closed book.
WNU Scrvtca.
Their Guardian Angels Are Competent
Pictured in the Cumberland hospital, Brooklyn, are two young men
who, but for some dispensations of Providence, would be twanging harps
instead of having their photographs taken. At left is Joe Sardo, who
walked into an elevator shaft and fell three floors, escaping with a
few buiises. He is shaking hands with Irving Ehrli
a ting from ? 10,000 volt shock, sustained while derm
machine.