United Nations' Parley
Holds Hope of World
/ ______________
Russia Important Factor in Outcome of Peace
Conference; U. S. Delegation Working
For Successful Formula.
By BAUKHAGE
News Analyst and Commentator
WNC Service, Union Trust Building,
Washington, D. C.
I walked down the cool, twilit cor
ridor of the senate office building
and out into the warm spring sun.
As I crossed the threshold, the light
on the bright white marble steps
blinded me and for a second I
groped downward blindly.
As I stood a moment recovering
my equilibrium the thought flashed
through my mind that this experi
ence was very much like the longer
one which preceded it. I had been
talking with Vice President Truman,
Senators Connelly, Vandenberg and
others about the forthcoming meet
ing in San Francisco of the United
Nations.
I recalled Truman's nervously en
ergetic speech as he assured me
that he was giving his time to just
one thing: acting as liaison between
the President and the senate to keep
the chief executive and the legisla
tive leaders as nearly in step as pos
sible.
I recalled Senator Vandenberg's
expression as I left him plunged
deep in the thousand extra tasks and
worries which his function as Re
publican member of the delegation
had plunged him. He had said:
"If San Francisco doesn't succeed it
will be the greatest moral blow the
world has ever experienced."
I thought of Connally's careful pol
icy of withholding public comment
or quotation concerning the coming
conference, except carefully thought
out statements or speeches such as
the one he will make in the senate
before the conference. His is the
delicate task as senior administra
tion representative on the delegation
of maintaining a balance between
the views of the Republican mem
bers represented on the delega
tion, the administration's viewpoint,
and his own and other personal
views. After all, as senate major
ity leader he is responsible for help
ing to carry out a policy which not
only a majority, but two-thirds of
the senate will accept.
I also thought of the wide vari
ance of views expressed by mem
bers of both houses not directly con
nected with the negotiations and of
the great reticence of many who
^vitate to express any view at this
time. , _ .
? And I thought of the out-and-out
isolationists; a very few who admit
that position and others whose
doubts and suspicions battle with
What they feel has been the strong
trend for wholehearted cooperation
which the ? various polls and other
media of public expression appear to
register.
These kinetic thoughts moving
now in harmony, now in friction,
seemed suddenly to have generated
a blinding light that burst into the
shadows of the complacent assur
ance which had enveloped me and
left me a little dizzy. What a tre
mendous opportunity seems to be
offered to a war-weary world; what
a fatal possibility if the effort fails.
' Fear of Russia
Shad? Fuhtrs
It is clear that such doubt and sus
picion as may have arisen as to the
possibility of failure of achievement
of world cooperation arises chiefly
from one thing: fear of Russia. Next
is the feeling in some quarters that
Churchill's inability always to get
along with Stalin bodes U1 tor tri
party harmony and some feel that
the United States instead of trying
to bring the two closer together
should identify American Interests
more closely with Britain as opposed
to those of Russia.
Then there is still the unhealed
sore which President Roosevelt's
personal emissary. Edward Flynn,
has been trying to heal, the friction
between the Vatican and the Krem
lin.
Lastly and perhaps more disturb
ing is what appears to be unilateral
action toward small countries on
the part of Russia in spite of the
Yalta agreement
Now those persons like Vice Presi
dent Truman, who take the more
positive and more hopeful view, feel
that some of these factors have been
built into bogey-men, that granted
they exist as facts, that Churchill
and Stalin don't always see eye to
eye and that even less sympathy ex
ists between the Catholic church and
the bead of the Communist party,
none of these situations need affect
the creation of an International or
ganization.
As to fear of Russia. Well, frank
ly, I cannot understand the workings
of the official Russian mind, I can
not understand the hysterical at
tacks In the Russian press on Walter
Lippman, for instance, who has been
in the first ranks of those who urge
Russo-American unity; attacks on
Senator Vandenberg against whom
they throw their whole book of anti
fascist vocabulary when he is on
record as supporting a three-power
treaty for disarming the axis which
would be the basis of the chief thing
Stalin wants?an agreement of the
only two great powers besides his
own country, which would guarantee
Russian security.
I do not understand all this. I do
not accept the propaganda which
tries to say that communist govern
ment is democracy. But there is
one thing which sold me on playing
ball with Russia. That is the pa
tient, earnest and convincing argu
ment of former Secretary of State
Cordell Hull, who certainly has no
more love for communism than he
has for fascism, who was never ac
cused of wandering with his head
in the clouds or of trying to reform
the world, or square the circle, and
although he has faith a-plenty he
wouldn't try to move a mountain
without a bulldozer. ,
His argument boils down to this:
Russia and America need each oth
er. Russia knows this. There are
fewer obstacles to a practical un
derstanding between the countries
than there are reasons why we
should work together for mutual
benefit.
Sponton Provisions
For Adjustments
Though it is generally agreed that
the support of the American people
ot any international organization of
which Russia is a part depends on
the conduct of the Kremlin between
now and the end of the San Fran
cisco conference, Senator Vanden
berg goes farther than that. He says
that the support of the necessary
two-thirds of the United States sen
ate for any organization which rec
ognizes international organization
depends upon inserting into the
document which defines it, what he
calls an "escape clause." That es
cape clause would permit the re
aujw?"4i$ v* vcivviu |
existing, certain sore spots which he
feels may become cancers. The es
cape clause would permit the Unit
ed Nation* to escape from any re
striction which prevented what they
feel is the righting of wrongs.
"Injustice." says Vandenberg, "is
a strait Jacket and you can't keep
the world in a strait jacket."
Of course, there are a lot o! Polish
votes in Vandenberg's constituency
and a member of congress is such
by virtue of, and the powers he ex
erts are delegated by, the people
who put him in office. Nevertheless,
he is not speaking merely for his
Polish constituents when he talks
about including in the Jurisdiction of
the United Nations, the administer
ing of justice. That is the trade
mark he wants to put on any or
ganization which comes out of San
Francisco.
Other members of the delegation
have trademarks of their own. But
as nearly as I can judge all are
willing to make considerable sacri
fice of their personal views, rather
than shake the world's morale with
failure to produce anything
? ? ?
The safety record of the rail
roads in the present war is much
better than that in the First World
war, the Interstate Commerce com
mission reports.
This is true, the commission points
out, despite the fact that there has
been a substantia] increase in the
last few years in the number of acci
dents arising from the operation of
trains and the number of casualties
resulting therefrom.
"It appears," the commission
says, "that for each class of per
son the fatalities were much great
er in World War I than they were in
World War ?, the total for all
classes being 10,087 in 1917 and
9,188 in 1918, compared with 8,337
in 1943 and 8,081 in 1943. In the two
decades prior to our entry into the
present war, notable progress was
made in reducing railway acci
dents, and especially those resulting
in casualties to passengers and em
ployes. In 1933 and again in 1933 but
a single passenger was reported as
; killed in a train accident, although
> 18 and 34 respectively in those years
were killed in the train-aervic* acci
. dents, as in getting on and oil
i cars."
jg i ' BARBS , . . by Baukhage
L
The cherry blossoms in Washing
ton beat spring by Mi hours?which
shows that even the good old spirit
of competition and free enterprise is
favored by Nature herself.
? ? *
About the only long-horn cattle left
are theawa in the Washington soo.
What ia a Brahmin? An
priest? Ma;be, but for man; a
southwestern tanner it is half of ar
American calf.
? ? ?
Vice President Truman Is an ex
captain at artillery (World War I). 1
braachjrfjenrtce.^Tbs^otter daj
ones, than and now.
Navy in Khaki Crosses Rhine
Upper photo shows a powerful Sherman tank, ready for the cross
ing of the Rhine. Lower left shows naval personnel in army khaki, as
they took part in the crossing of the Rhine at various points. Much of
the success of the crossing was given to the navy. Lower right, Comdr.
William J. Whiteside, U. 8. N., of New York City, who was in command.
This is the first time that the navy personnel, in any sixe, has been taken
inland to aid with land operations. The navy relieved many army men
in the operations.
'Will You Spare What They Need?'
These Greek beys get new hope as a relief worker tells them that
clothing for children and grown-ups is on the way to their cold mountain
Tillage. The United National Clothing Collection is making an appeal
for pounds of serviceable clothing, shoes and bedding for
relief of people In war-deygstated areas.
Allied Occupation of Germany
? __ . ;
German civilians are shown In upper photo. filling bomb crater* In
streets and highways at Pram, Germany, after the city was captured by
V. 8. 3rd army. Lower left shows Germans seeking information at Amer
ican headquarters la Homborg, Germany. Lower right, a group of Ger
man prisoners, taken after the crossing at the Rhine.
Next Move Toward Tokyo Assured
A beddlnf rail aarrea u a ehesa table far raarise airmen betweai
Hftoa at tka Matajama airftaM. Na. 1 aa Iwa Jlma. Fl*nria* for tk>
1 aaxt mare are, left to ri(M, lat Lta. Byraa W. Maya, Parlland, Ore.
^ai WWarnJ^M^Martotoa. Mton^ pllato M a Leatheraack Uryed,
l mdtafa to'thamarton mhmm **
"???? ?- ??
Awarded Medals
First Congressional Medals of Hon
or won by army personnel in the
entire Pacific area have been award
ed posthumously to Lt. Col. William
J. O'Brien, top; and Sgt. Thomas
A. Baker, lower, both of Troy, N. I.
Visiting Kit Fox
a??? I l <m
-\
Native of the desert, the Kit Fox,
weighing not more than fonr pounds,
full-grown, has moved on Boulder
dam, one of the nation's mightiest
monarehs of wartime hydroelectric
power, and is shown surveying this
map-made project through a fork of
a tree.
English Aides ^
Miss Elen Wilkinson, parliamen
tary secretary to the ministry of
home security, and Miss Florence
Horsbrngh, parliamentary secretary
to the ministry of health, who are
both included in the British delega
tion to United Nations conference.
The United States delegation will
consist of one woman, Dean Vir
ginia C. Gildersleeve.
Young Navy Genius
brigs 8. Jerome TamUn, II, to
Tester st U ri ii tedleater ri cm
teMUkte gassa which will Msg tea
Is ghswa with hit
Mac ARTHUR-KIRK DUEL
WASHINGTON.?In a highly se
cret session before the senate mili
tary affairs committee last Thurs
day, Gen. George Marshall, army
chief of staff, refused to guess when
the end of the war with Germany
will come. According to all logic, he
said, the German resistance should
be at an end now, but there is no
sign that the army is collapsing. The
Gestapo still retains its hold of ter
ror on Germany.
Marshall pointed out that German
gasoline stocks are practically dried
up, and that the Nazis do not have
enough fuel to move their supplies,
let alone their armored vehicles and
artillery. On the other hand, he
said, their supply problem is far
simpler than ours because they are
fighting at home. Their repair and
replacement job for tanks and other
vehicles is also comparatively sim
ple. When Allied armor is knocked
out, it means that it is lost if the
damage is too much for the field re
pair bases, while a Nazi tank which
has suffered far more serious dam
age can be taken right into a tank
factory not so many miles from
where it was hit. This is a tremen
dous advantage, he said.
The chief of staff also told the .
senators that it is a mistake to
figure that the Japs will fold np
quickly once Germany is oat of
the war. Although its losses
have been heavy, Japan still has
a formidable army and vast
stores of supplies. He would not
estimate the length of time need
ed to defeat the island empire.
But he insisted it would be ex
tremely tough going.
Marshall said nothing during this
session about his plan to take over
as supreme commander in the Pa
cific once Germany falls, but mem
bers of the committee now take that
for granted.
Explanation?
General MacArthur's army friends
in Washington have a unique explan
ation for his refusal to let Maj. Gen.
Norman Kirk, surgeon general of
the army, visit Manila on his recent
inspection tour. They say private
ly that no suitable housing was
available for General Kirk. One
MacArthur supporter, who is famil
iar with the Kirk incident, added,
"When you are a five-star general,
you don't have to give an explana-,
tion for what you do."
Further details of General Mac
Arthur's refusal to let General Kirk
touch foot even on the Island of
Luzon in order to inspect army hos
pitals there have now leaked out.
Kirk, as head of the army medical
corps, arrived in Leyte with a staff
of medical experts ready to place
them in strategic positions in Luzon
where fighting was heavy at that
time.
As a courtesy to MacArthur, .
Kirk radioed him from Leyte
island that he was coming. He
received in reply a message
saying that his presence was not
needed.
Scarcely believing his eyes,
General Kirk gave MacArthur a
chance to change his mind by
sending another telegram which
said in substance: "Don't under
stand your message. Do you
mean by your telegram number
so-and-so that my assistance is
not welcome?"
General MacArthur's reply
. was brief and to the point. It
read: "No, repeat no."
Kirk then got in his plane,
boiling mad, and came home.
Note?The war department for
some time has been split into the
pro-MacArthur and the anti-MacAr
thur schools. Many of the general's
own contemporaries don't like him,
feel that he has never given suf
ficient credit to men who bore the
brunt of the Pacific fighting such
as General Krueger, Eichelberger,
Kenney, Arnold and othprs THpv nles.
resent the fact that news dispatches
from the Pacific must bear the date
line "General MacArthur's head
quarters," and point out that in con
trast Eisenhower requires no such
date line and has given much credit
to Generals Patton, Hodges, Simp
son, Patch, and Devers, all of whom
are well known to the public, where
as few know the names of the gen
erals commanding MacArthur's
armies.
? ? ?
Here is one story as to how Amer
ican troops managed to capture the
important Ludendorf bridge across
the Rhine. A group of anti-Nazi stu
dents are reported to have been
quietly organizing in the Rhine val
ley, and secretly joined Hitler's
Elite guard, the "Schutz staffel" in
1942 where they have been boring
from within ever since. It was this
group that is reported to have tipped
off the American command that the
Remagen bridge would be intact.
? ? ?
EUROPEAN DEATH TOLL
One thing Joseph Stalin pointed
out to Roosevelt and Churchill that
greatly impressed them at Yalta
was the terrific toll the Nazis had
exacted from the people of Europe.
One-seventh of Poland's popula
tion has been destroyed by the
Nazis, Stalin said a preliminary in
vestigation disclosed.
Stalin also pointed out that Hit
ler had iron a tremendous victory
' over the Allies by permanently frus
1 bating the birth of some 10,000,001
in conquered man tries.
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WHEN CONSTIPATE makes you ft*
punk as the dickens, brings on stomach
upset, sour taste, gassy discomfort
take Dr. Caldwell's ramons niflrins
to quickly pull the trigger on imxj "in
nards" and help poo ft* bright and
chipper
DR. CALDWELL'S is the wonderful sen
na laxative contained in good old Syrup
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MANY DOCTORS use pepsin prepmn
tioas in prescnpfinns to make the medn
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take. So bo tore your laxative is con
tained in Syrup Pepsin.
INSIST ON DR. CALDWELL'S?(he fa
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I CAUTION? Use only as directed.
DR. CALBMTS
SENNA LAXATIVE
CONTAIN!? IN SYRUP PEPSIN
9
^Taowi3?I Owe. I
lawMNW
Uuiwaii;iUiiei>i 1
V^lHcre'saSENSlitLEvav^
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build up resistance against such symp
toms. Plnkham's Compound helps **
turel Follow label directions. Try It!
325S
WNU?4 14^45
Kidney AeU?e
Modern life with Its harry and worry.
II iirsgaiar habits, improper eatiaf sad
11 drinking?its risk of exposure snd lafs^
II tioo?throve keaey Hale ee the werk
II of the kidneys. They are apt to become
|| ovsMazed and fall to filter excess srid
II sad other Impurities from ths lue-civwe
Ty. mmy ntfor >??>.*?
|
11 tired, nervous, all wore out. OtW dgaa
|| of kidaey or bladdsr disorder are asm*
|| times harslet, scanty or too faneem
|| svinatloa
Try DMfi PiOs. Demi's
|| kidstys to pom od harmfsl eseem hsdy
|| waste. They hare had mora than half
||