'
.?t K ? -
*/r . " ?' - - ?
The Alamance Gleaner j
-?==? . . ; iS&A
VoL LXXI GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, JULY 26, 1945 No.
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
. >
Big Three Study Peace Terms;
Homecomings Beat Schedule;
Allies Get Set on Rule of Berlin
. Released by Western Newspaper Union.
- MNtt NOTEj When ?pinions ere expressed la thess eolnmns, they are those of
?Mws Newspaper Union's news analysts aad not necessarily of this newspaper.)
BOMBER RECORD
4500 4-7* RAIDS IN JUNE-130 SO MU.ES
RAZED?34 SO MIIES WRECKED IN JUNE
-47.000 TONS Of 40M4S DROffED IN
MOWTH-34 4.7ft LOST IN MONTH-13*
ENEMY AIRCRAFT DESTROYED.
?
Ado a loli of five months, more than 1,000 carrier planes from the
raoHe Beet returned to direct attacks upon Tokyo. This map graphically
?hull all ? what they had already been given. The data Is based on toll
htas by B-29s. Percentages show industries destroyed.
TRUMAN:
Ami Big Three
Through chilled North Atlantic
waters. President Truman arrived
? PUtsdam to keep his rendezvous
with Prime Minister Churchill and
?anfeal Stalin.
It is believed that they will be
?itemed with problems dealing
with control of Germany, planned
as long-range basis; deposition of
luiiloriea Italian and some 30 dis
puted boundaries te be settled;
political and economic questions,
?rinding Italy peace terms, what
la da with Spain and other "neu
tnh," which might include Japan.
Diplomats say that the Big Three,
wbile discussing the San Fran
cioro conference, their present work
w9 not tie in directly with the
West Coast conference and United
Rel iiaie ohsrior
Berlin Rule
The rule in Berlin has been split,
tmd for the first time the American
ad British military governments
bare moved in and taken up their
responsibilities in the German capi
Rules and regulations established
re American and British zones of
Berlin, as established by the Red
army, will remain in effect until
General Clay and General Lyne and
tteir staffs can formulate perma
nent methods of operation. Russian
policy has been declared to be
?ere realistic than those adopted
by other Allies in other sections, and
Hgh sources seem- to think there
sin be little change made in Ber
Each Allied military government
will provide food, coal and other
necessities from their part of oc
enpied Germany to take care of
German civilians within Berlin.
Then will be exchanges of differ
ent kinds of goods among the Brit
?h, American, French and Russian
rethoHties Hue to scarcities of
?w items in different sections.
BIGGEST HOMECOMING:
Ahead of Schedule
When eight transports docked in
?ew York one day in mid-month,
fcj brought back 35,000 happy vet
eraas of the European war?the
tsegi nt number returned in a single
fcy since V-E Day. Twenty-eight
Wausand soldiers were Americans,
W Canadians. Five infantry regi
?uiU. a' hospital unit, various
Wmwe of the 8th air force, and nu
?mus smaller units were among
?a arrivals. The number of troops
mmm back in the states is approach
tag the half million mark.
The giant Queen Mary carried
saan than 15,000 men, includ
tag tJM of the Canadian contingent.
The West Point, which is the navy's
hrgest transport, had 7,000 soldiers
aboard, and the John Ericcson about
We same number. Three thousand
mep came home on the James
Parker, and four smaller trans
ports returned a total of 1,500.
Aboard the West Point were 33
mea who were not happy about the
fcip. They were Japanese diplo
mats taken into custody in Europe.
An unlisted passenger was Nat
ale Piavallo, nine-year-old Italian
orphan, who was smuggled aboard
We General Bliss by soldiers of the
?h division. He was liberated from
a German prison camp by Ameri
can troops. He will be placed in a
private home pending decision of
ksaalgratiea authorities.
JITTERY JAPS:
Get More So
Japan homeland has become jit
tery over continued large-scale air
assaults against Tokyo and other in
dustrial centers of its islands.
Broadcasts, changing from hour to
hour, all indicate that Japan ex
pects invasion of the mainland at
any minute by Allies.
Military spokesman for Japan ad
mitted that to defend the islands
it would be necessary for the Im
perial government to devise some
adequate defense of the homeland
against continued air attacks.
Navy Score
The U. S. navy alone has de
stroyed more than 17,000 Japanese
planes since Pearl Harbor, Under
secretary Artemus L. Gates of the
navy has reported. During the same
period the American fleet plane loss
has been approximated at 2,700. It
is believed that the army has ac
counted for as many Jap planes,
considering the large number in
the last few days.
Navy carriers now total nearly 100
with a tonnage of 1,250,000, the
largest single portion of total com
bat tonnage. More than 26,000 air
craft built since Pearl Harbor were
deployed to the fleet last year.
TYPHOON:
Hits U. S. Fleet
Five weeks after a raging typhoon
lashed Admiral Halsey's 3rd Fleet
with 138-mile-an-hour winds virtual
ly every damaged ship (there were
21 hit) was back in action. The
havoc wrought by the storm was de
scribed as greater than any Jap
blow ever administered to the fleet.
The cruiser Pittsburgh miracu
lously stayed afloat after its bow was
torn off in the churning sea. It has
now been refitted for action.
Among the damaged ships re
paired and back in action were three
fast battleships and two Essex class
carriers. Only one lire was report
ed lost.
Adm. Chester Nimltz' announce
ment ot the incident did not specify
where the typhoon struck but pre
sumably it was in the western Pa
cific area between Okinawa and the
Philippines. This area is known as
the "typhoon cradle" where violent
storms strike without warning.
JAP HOSPITAL SHIP:
In Bad Shape
A Japanese hospital ship, boarded
by an American naval party was
found to be dirty and overrun with
vermin. Food and medical supplies
were entirely inadequate for the
1,000 patients, who had been re
moved from Wake Island under
truce.
Many of the Japs appeared to be
starving. A doctor admitted that
many would die during the night.
While the sick men were kept
clean, the wards and galleys were
filthy and insect-infested, and the
standard of cleanliness on the ship
was below par everywhere. A stench
emanated from the ship that could
be smelled 1,000 yards away.
Curiously, the Jap officers were
polite and anxious to please. The
skipper offered American officeri
tea and liquor. He was interested
in American baseball, as he had
played third base on a Jap navj
team, and was especially inter,
ested in the present startling ot
the Yankees.
PLENTY POINTS:
But Still In
Eighty-flve points doesn't neces
sarily mean immediate release from
the army, as all soldiers know. The
trouble is, their families don't real
ize the catch. Thousands of men
who have served long and valiantly
are classed as "essential" and are
being held indefinitely. In many
cases they are having a hard time
explaining to their wives just why
they aren't coming home soon.
One captain stationed in Germany
with an occupation unit has 127
points. His wife is so sure that he
could return to the states if he
wanted to that she is threatening
divorce. She thinks that he wants to
stay because he has fallen for
some German woman. Chaplains
report that dozens of such cases
reach them every week. Morale is
suffering seriously.
CHARTER:
Moves Along
The TTnitpH Nntinns rherter meet
ing with almost no opposition before
the senate foreign relations commit
tee, went to the senate for what is
said to be certain acceptance
without modifications. The commit
tee ended its sessions by a parade
of supporters of the charter, after
listening to a few individual out
spoken opponents.
Final witnesses before the com
mittee included Philip Murray, pres
ident of the CIO and William G.
Carr, president of the National Edu
cation association as well as Nor
man Thomas, Socialist party leader.
The speed with which the charter
has been handled indicates that
the United States will become the
first nation to officially approve
the charter or to pass on it in any
form.
NEW WAC CHIEF:
Hobby Resigns
Col. Westray Battle Boyce has
been named director of the wom
en's army corps, following resigna
tion of Col; Oveta Culp^Hobby, who
was the first head and organizer of
the service.
Colonel Boyce was employed for
eight years in federal agencies in
Washington before she joined the
WACs. She served as a company
officer and in public relations work.
In North Africa she was WAC staff
director. During the last tew months
she has been chief assistant to Colo
nel Hobby.
Colonel Hobby, wife of former
Governor Hobby of Texas, and
mother of two children, says she
wants to return to civilian life to
make a home for her family.
CHINESE GAINS:
On Mainland
Doggedly battling Chinese troops
have recaptured two former U. S.
air bases in Kiangsi province, it
was announced by the Chinese high
command. The important Jap base
at Kanchow is being encircled, it
was said, with fighting going on 12
miles outside the town. This com
munications center is about 250
miles north of Hong Kong. In
another sector, the Chinese are ap
proaching Wuchow, Japanese sup
ply base 130 miles west of Canton
on Sikiang river. Capture of this city
is a major objective.
New advances are being made in
Hunan province, where the Japs are
pulling back toward Paoking. They
are now only four miles outside the
town, which guards the approaches
to the Jap-held rail junction of
Hengyang.
AUTOS:
iiuuvit a ? vv<
More autoa will b? available to
the public by March 31 than origi
nally planned?at least enough to
bring announcement from Henry P.
Nelson of the War Production board
that they would be ration-tree.
They will still be hard to get how
ever due to a serious shortage of
tin. The present quotas called for
some 800,000 new cars by next
March 31, which is not much mora
than 10 per cent of the market de
mands. Thus while cars may be
placed on ration-free lists, little hope
is held out thst many will be' able
to secure the family car they have
been saving for.
BEEF:
Grass Fed
Cattle fattened on grass in Okla
homa and Kansas are beginning to
enter the markets in sizable num
bers. About 380,000 head have been
put to graze on the blue stem grass
lands. It is expected that the steers
will gain from 200 to 330 pounds on
, the green feed.
Ordinarily beef from the grass
, country rates as B grade or worse.
I Animals that would come up to A
I grade if finished on corn are being
, grass fed because of the scarcity of
. grain. Commission men think the
[ grassy beef win sell for IS to 14 cents
a pound.
Things You Eiwu All Alongs
(Bui Which I Diddmu Knot Til Norn)
Scientists claim singing Inspires
robust health. Yodeling is supposed
to invigorate the circulation, revital
ize the tissues, eliminate toxins and
strengthen the throat and lungs. (Oh,
sure. That's why Sinatra is the cava
man type.)
Patrick Henry was one oi the
world's great orators, but he
couldn't write a memorandum that
made sense.
Verdi's biggest competitor was
Enrico Patrella, who aped his style.
Patrella penned twenty operas (now
forgotten) and died in poverty.
Famed Verdi died a millionaire.
(Copycats, beware.)
Caligula, a Roman emperer, made
guests pay for their meals.
Think double features are bad? A
Buenos Aires movie bouse exhibits
five different films daily. (A cure
for insomnia?)
A Rajah in India has a billion dol
lar a year income. (He's almost as
prosperous as the owner of a hot
dawg stand on the road to ruin.)
Mosart was an enthusiastic bil
liard player. Much of his music
was composed while awaiting his
turn. (I don't believe it, either.)
A sneeze lasts about a tenth of a
second. (Or just long enough to ruin
the big scene.)
The first railroad tunnel in the
U. S. was built in 1833 near Johns
town, Pa. (And you always thought
the only famous thing about Johns
town was the flood.)
About sixteen million thunder
storms occur each year throughout
the world. (That's what the man
said.)
Poison Ivy Is most poisonous in the
spring and early summer when the
sap is most abundant. (So stay in
the city and out of the bushes, you
dope.)
The building of railways in Eng
land was at first forbidden by Par
liament. Because it would interfere
with fox-hunting. (You've prob'ly
heard this definition of a fox: He
gets what a wolf goes after.)
Too can't hide itronf emotion!
from the tips of your fingers and
toes. When you're excited they get
cold.
Gobbling too much sweet food
makes the body susceptible to colds.
(Your medico would charge money
for this kind of information, you
lucky you.)
Oranges contain praetleaUy no
starch. (Ain't that wonderful news,
girls????)
Typing for 49 minutes burns uj
100 calories. (Which makes this ?
200 calorie colyum.)
to the 1Mb Century, Kalesnikoft, I
Russian shoemaker, distinguished
himself as a doctor and rapidly rou
to the office of chief surgeon at tin
Kieff Hosp. He performed 900 ma
jor operations before his deceptioi
was uncovered. (Try and top that
Dr. Kildare. )
la Siam a man is allowed onh
one divorce, but he can sell his otb
er wives.
"New" and "eld" potatoes havi
about the same nutritional value
(So don't be so fussy.)
?men mnazu race \m volcano on
the West Indian island at Marti
nique) erupted some time ago, it
killed all of the 36,000 Inhabitant* of
the town of St. Pierre but ooe. That
one was a prisoner In the town JaO. 1
(Make your own moral.)
Oar universe is one solid msss
traveling at 180 miles per minute.
(Correct, Prof. Einstein?)
This is the origin of the word
"cop." London's first police force
wore blue uniforms with large cop
per buttons. These buttons gave the
police the name copper, later short
ened to cop. (Ho-hum!ll)
Snapping turtles have been known
to bite completely through an oar.
(Ain't that oarful?)
A halibut always lie* on fta lei
side, and both its eyes are on th
I right. (Gruesome, ain't it??)
Postwar Air Freight To Be Within Reach of Every 1
Farmer and Every Community of the Entire Country . 1
Trained Pilots and Plenty
Of Improved Planes for
Everyday Needs of All
By Walter A. Shead
WNTJ Washington Correipoodent.
How about having those spare
binder parts dropped in your (arm
lot by parachute? Or how about call
ing up and having a dying ambu
lance deliver you to the nearest hos
pital (or that emergency operation?
Or if you are in a hurry for that
order you placed, call up and have
them deliver it at your gate by
helicopter. Ridiculous, you say.
Well, not so ridiculous as you may
think, (or the amazing progress at
air transportation during the war is
reflected in these very practical
steps (or a new horizon (or com
mercial operations as soon as peace
permits.
As a matter of (act, the Civil
Aeronautics administration in the de- _
partment of commerce has on file '
at this moment applications (or *
these and many more new types
at civilian air business and these ,
applications afford a stimulating ^
picture of what the plane may soon t
be doing to advance new progress in s
American life and manner of liv- _
tag. J
Old and new hands at the flying \
game, including many veterans still ,
in uniform, have formed enter
prises now simply waiting tor the ,
official green light to serve the pub- t
lie in many ways that would have i
been thought ridiculous or visionary j
a few years ago. For instance, some
of the applications include: i
Flying ambulance and funeral :
planes . . . armored airships for
safe dispatch of currency and other
valuables . . . delivery of new auto
mnKilna Kvr kiiffa olirloe 4 wo ina
tank planes for shipment of gaso
line, oil and other liquids . . . bus
: and taxi service . . . deliveries of
medicine, food and of other depart
ment store merchandise . . . "fly
, yourself" systems . . . sightseeing
specialists ... pick-up or delivery
| by parachute . . . and many others.
I These projects are in addition to
applications for wide extension of
service into new territories sought
by existing airlines and the entry
' of others into the fields of feeder,
| pick-up, general express and cargo
business. <
, Start New Enterprises.
Applicants for certificates for
these new enterprises cover the
I whole range of people who have
been stirred to action by faith in the
future of air transportation. In the
active dockets of the department are
the names of companies and individ
I uals with experience in transport
ing persons and property by air.
There are others who have had
i equally broad background in trans
portation by steamship, bus, taxi
cab and truck and there are still
, others, such as department store
owners, who are obviously strong in
financial resources, but who have
never, perhaps, even delivered their
| own parcels.
, Then there are the embryo air
line magnates, like the man and his
wife who'want to start an air freight
, line between Los Angeles and New
I York, - and for specifications for
, their fleet, submitted colored cut
, outs of a Liberator bomber from a
Sunday supplement. As a matter of
, fact, practically all the applications
state in more or less apologetic
' terms that the applicants have no
planes with which to start business.
, But since practically none will be
available until after the war, they
are all on an equal basis from that
standpoint.
. I
Photo show* I record shigsneat at pealeillia, aearty MM >???*?
rhls is Jost one of the nu; items that vfn he hsadled almost tdliilj ha
ostwar era by the aew aad ortsttag taxi aad air freight Uses.
The group of applicants who look
award peacetime flying business
pith the keenest anticipation and
oward whom official eyes will look
pith greatest sympathy, are the sol
liers and sailors, some already dis
:harged veterans and others ready
?o take to the air as soon as they
ire discharged.
Of the 350,000 military pilots
which the war has produced, the
majority who plan to make aviation
their career, see their future as
pilots for established airlines. There
are, however, many who want to
I tart their own business . . . noth
ing fancy, understand, maybe just a
local feeder line. There has been as
yet no breakdown to learn just what
percentage of the applications al
ready filed are by servicemen, but
the percentage is high. A typical
one is the application filed only a
few days ago by Lt. James Walker
Case of Sutter Creek, Calif., 28
year-old navy flier. Lieutenant Case
wants to start a business flying per
sons and property to all parts at
California and Nevada in the most
suitable available aircraft, just as
soon as the navy lets him go.
lilt airai service.
There is also the Norsemen Air
transport company, which turns out
to be several servicemen who want
to continue their war association
by establishing feeder airlines
throughout New England.
Many of these projects may never
see the light of day, but there are
applications like that of Lt Col.
John C. L. Adams, who before be
ing called back to his regular army
job when war came, organized and
operated an extensive air service in
Panama. He wants to start a sight
seeing business with helicopters or
light planes, fanning out in various
scenic routes from Cristobal and
Balboa. Until he can start work
sans uniform, his wile. Alberta, is
getting things lined up.
Then there are also a number at
women who plan to start airlines on
their own. Some of them, judging
from their application papers, have
already had successful careers in
other lines of business There is An
geline Harris of Rutherfordton,
N. C., who proposes to start a sched
uled mail and passenger service
linking the smaller towns in North
Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia,
using either helicopters or light
conventional planes. 9ie proposes
to land on postoffice roofs or the
nearest available vacant lot.
Mrs. Winifred Lucy Shefferty at
Detroit, proposes to run a helicopter
taxi service in Michigan and Mrs.
T. W. Lanier at El Paso, Tessa,
proposes to begin with ImignH of
mail and later of peman and
property on two ctrrolatwig rotates
covering hitherto none too accessi
ble places in Texas, Hew Mi aha
and Arizona.
The proposed air ambulance serv
ice, no doubt, had its msperatian
from the remarkable operations an
evacuation of wounded by the air
transport command at the army ami
navy and the airlines taster con
tract with them. Two applii'slams
for this service now an Be with
the C-A.A. are by Itaag a si ihlifvf
undertaking Arms, who plan to use
the airplanes either as missions of
mercy or far bariaL One at them
is Shannon's of Fort Worth, Texas,
who piupuoes to operate a hela inner
ambulance or hearse from their dty
to or from any paints within M
miles; from within Bat radius to
any place in continental U. S. or
from anywhere in the comUry to
within that circle An exactly simi
lar application is on Be from W. C.
Croy of Poplar Bluff, Mo.
Julian Bandnrant*s Armored Mo
tor service at Memphis would en
large his operation fay me of air
planes throughout the sooth and
southwest "on call and demand *
The fatnilnns supply of oar motor
ized forces with fuel fay airplane ?
the dash across Franca and else
where. probably takocod K. L
Moul, president at Cubit tl T?nk
Lines. Inc.. of York, Pa., to Be an
application to luppli mi at his fcet
of 119 trucks with Syw? tankrrt So
ships would cany 1.S0Q go Unas at
any kind at bulk hqujd i loiyisslity
out the United States and to Bins
ka. Canada and Mexico.
Antes by Air.
Delivery of jeeps and tracks by
airplane to the battle fanes lailinio
tiooabiy gars T. P. Geddes of tbs
Automobile Air Freight corporation
of Detroit, the inspiration tor simi
lar operations in peacetime. Before
the war his firm was ispulad to ha
the largest deliverers at new auto
mobiles m the world, by steamship
an tbs Great Lakes and fay the wall
known super-trucks. Their lake ves
sels the year before Aw war trans
ported 180.000 cars. Hour their con
cern proposeo to da rash orders on
the same job with bugs cargo pianos
and glider traders. They seek aear
tificate to transport automobiles
from the middlewest to anywhere to
the United States and to bring back
general cargo to that area.
Department store deliveries with -
die helicopter as the favored vehicle
is proposed in doaens of appliestiaue
on die. Perhaps the beto known
Inc.. at Washington. D. C.. and the
William FUene Sons company at
ropolitan area surTOObffinr their
cities and would ate sack to ?an
M i * - ae fatm ? ? n
ineir customers n smaller cities at.
greater distances.
K. J. McKeown, president of tte
Producers Air Lines at Toledo, would
one cargo planes, gliders and Mi
copters In the transportation at par
iahable foods, flowers, drugs, medi
cines and medicine ingredients. A
proposed plan of similar typo is that
ot the Pish Airlines corporation,
headed by diaries J. McGowaa ed
New Bedford, Masa., which would
emphasize rushing sea foods ft uus
Massachusetts and Rhode Island In
Ashless regions of the country.
Plane builders bare demonstrated
that there may be a plana built fog
every purpose, that has been thai*
record In wartime. And with plenty
of skilled operators available, ate
as a result of the war. It remote tq
e Drawtof ikw> ptaae ta fall ttfht flrthi as aU nci. The mm 11
technique will tee available ia peace tiaie ail refalarty rested eeMMer- i
I elal piaae* are expected to Ire* aad pick ap peckaCee wtejeee (tea wtef.j I
be ?mb whether or ant the Amort*
sen^pnUte trolly reedy to tq