Newspapers / The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, … / Aug. 2, 1945, edition 1 / Page 2
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H */-H H Ill.i >\ [>J 0.-4 ? Avivf| wl 11 | lv?J IfJ ? H j A M W^M ? Ifc <TW Radar Magical Beam That Bounces Back on Contact * ______________ Lightning Calculator Estimates Distances Upon Deflection of Electrons; Study Of Apparatus Still in Infancy. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Buildinf, Washington, D. C. < dm a previous article Mr. Baukhage told ? hum of thm little known facts in the history and development of radar and recorded atony of its possible peacetime uses. In this article he explains what makes radar tick end how it performed some of its marvelous feats In this tear J "Impact," a publication of the of fice of the aasistant chief of air staff, intelligence branch, for the first time lifting the veil which has cov ered descriptions of radar, says suc cinctly: "A radar set is nothing more than a machine for sending electrons out into space in a steady stream in a desired direction. These electrons travel with the speed of light in a straight line until their energy is dissipated, or unless they hiimn intn ?nm*thina " That bump is important. If a stream of electrons is shot into the air like a searchlight and a plane flies across the stream, the elec trons which hit the plane bounce back. They bounce right back to a screen in the radar scope and are revealed in the form of a "blip" of light. Just as an echo bounding back on your eardrum is reflected in the form of a sound. The principle of the real echo is used in "sonic" location of obsta cles?ships use it to locate shoala, for instance. And, recently, it has been demonstrated that bats use ( the same principle In avoiding ob stacles (which they can't see since ? they are blind) by uttering a tiny "beep," the pitch of which is prob ably too high for the human ear to catch. Their beep bounces back in time to warn them to duck. But radar's electronic "blip" is better than a sonic "beep." One reason is that an electron moves with the speed of light which is fast er than sound. 'Echo' Caught On Radar Receiver Perhaps at this point we ought to recall to your minds what an electron is. A short deflnition of an electron is "the most elementary charge of negative electricity." Electrons plus protons (the positive charge) are what atoms are made of and atoms are what molecules are made of and you and I and the universe and all it contains are, as I we learned in high school, nothing 1 but various groups of molecules. Ordinarily electrons pursue the 1 even, if rapid, tenor of their ways 1 well within the bounds of their own J atoms. But radar has changed all that. It has made it possible to 1 project those electrons out into f space and then, if they hit some- c thing and bounce back, to catch the I "echo" on the "scope" of the radar 1 set in the form of a "blip" or blob r nf !<?*,* ' ? We can't go into detail u to how 1 thia operation takes place, but we J can tell you in a general way. The ' scope of the radar set is round. It ' is like a map. North at the top, south at the bottom; east to the right J and west to the left So that you will know where you are a little 1 light appears on the screen just ] where your set is located on the * "map" you are looking at By mov- j ing the instrument, you can keep 1 yourself In the middle. If you see ] another spot of light on the screen ' tip where IS o'clock would be on ] your watch dial, you know there is ' a plane (or other object) north of 1 you. If it should be a plane and it j were coming toward you (which the ' instrument would reveal) and it ' finally appeared right on top of the ' light that showed your location, j you'd know that there was going to be a collision. Radar can "see" a ship 30 miles away?and see it in the dark, I through a wall of cloud or mist, which no human sight could pene trate. Different substances give stronger ! or weaker "echoes" on your screen, water little or none. Land more, built-up areas more than fields. Rocks mora than softer surfaces. In addition to locating an object In relation to the observer (the loca- ' tion of the radar set), the distance from the object can be calculated by the length of time it takes for the electrons to reach the object and bounce back. The elevation (angle of height from observer) and the deflection (how far to the right or left) are calculated Just as a sur Eg veyor make* these calculation* by observation from two known points. And you don't have to be an en gineer to do it either?it is done automatically by a lightning calcu lator. I have stood in awe before these calculating machines, which can "think" more accurately and a thousand times faster than I could figure, and watched how they direct the aim of the turret, waist and tail guns on a B-29. As I said in last week's article, the enemy has radar, too. The Ger mans were working on it with in vestigation and experiment which paralleled ours and those of the Brit ish. In the early days of the war the Germans had receiving sets on high hills along the coast of France. The electron beam, like that of tele vision, moves in a straight line and since the surface of the earth is curved, this curve gets in the way if the image and receiving set are too far apart. Therefore, land sets ire placed as high in the air as possible. We knew that the Germans had some kind of an electronic device and they knew we had one. One of the early commando raids, which the papers said was successful in destroying a German "radio sta tion," really destroyed the radar in stallation. Poka Oat lap* 'EyaJ One of the reasons why Iwo Jima and Okinawa were so important, be tides the fact that they make ex cellent naval and air bases, is be cause the Japs had their radar de tection stations on these islands and were able to detect the presence of cur bombers and intercept their light. You will also recall that a lumber of little adjacent islands hat hardly seemed of any impor lance were seized by our troops. In all probability it was because hey had radar installations which could detect and give warning of Manes leaving the larger island for rapan. As we put out her "eyes" me after another, Japan becomes nore impotent. There have been nany cases, you may have noticed, vhere the Japs, on land or on small ihips, have been taken by surprise. have no information on this sub set, but in some cases it may have teen due to the fact that they acked radar euipment. It is be ieved that what radar knowledge fapan has came from the Germans. Of course, there is one phase of adar detection which in the past las sometimes prevented use of lata concerning the detection of a ilane or ship. That is the fact that in til the object is very close it can lot be identified. It is merely a 'blip" of light. Therefore, it is im lossible to tell friend and enemy ipart. Some sort of identification las been developed, details of which ire still, I believe, "top secret." An example of how this worked to he disadvantage of the British was n the engagement in which HMS flood was lost. On May 21, 1941, he Hood was lying in the strait be ween Iceland and Greenland when Ktiddenlv out of nourh?r* *Ka tuna lit by a salvo from tha 15-inch (una of the powerful Bismarck. The Bismarck had accurately located the Hood with radar equipment, the first reported successful use of radar in such a naval operation In the war. It is said that the Hood lad likewise detected the presence of a ship at the spot where the Bis marck was, but knowing that a number of friendly warships were In the vicinity, did not dare to take the chance of attacking first. Many improvements have been made in radar which are not as yet ready for the public eye and all those familiar with the subject say the study is only In its infancy. Scientific achievement seems limit less and the one virtue of war is that it spurs inventive genius to great strides of progress. When peace comes radar will likewise open new vistas of which the layman hardly dreams. ? ? ? Harry Truman didn't want to be vice president James Byrnes didn't ask to be made secretary of state. Neither wanted to mis into inter national affairs?but they found themselves on the same boat en route to Germany. BRIEFS* ? ? by Baukhag0 Jap* art making kitchen knives * from American incendiary bomb cases. Tbey ought to be ready to set UP housekeeping soon sine* we have begun throwing everything at them but the kitchen stove. ? ? ? One at Hitler's favorite tunes was '"Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf." That was bate* he got a bear bg ? i * ,? - v Aa American Star back tram a Jap priafa camp aayi tha Japa, real izing they are beaten, are treating our priaonera better. Nothing like a good licking to bring out ona'a etrtiiea. e e e The new DDT tneacticble perfect ed by the army Idlla everything but mim agafawt Superforts All Over Japan Three B-zs superfortresses are seen in night over rojiyima, japan, during recent strike against the enemy. The famous Fujiyama volcano forms a colorful backdrop for the bi( bombers. Some "authorities" claim that the entire island can be wrecked by unloading tons of bombs into the mouth of Fujiyama and other Japanese active volcanos. rishes in His Private Pool I It is not every bey that has his own private a?h'"g pool. This young farm boy baits book hopefully and prepares to fish in the family pood. Private waters like these eaa be used the year around, and hun dreds of inland farm kids who never had a chance to fish are grow ing op into a larger generation of sportsmen. The government has encooraged building of private ponds. Some states, soch as Missouri, offer special inducements for farm pools, not only stocking with fish bat supply ing at eost shade trees and water plants for the pools. Even in postwar, the addition of fish to the farm diet will be welcomed. ' Bringing Them Back Home Again With thoaiand* of U. 8. troop* sehedaled to 87 home from Earope each month. Urn moat effective alr-*ea rosea* >7item ever devised ia satecaardinc the mea ha* been pat into effect. (1) The waters are well protected, while from the Asores to the D. 8. many ship* are *a faard. % Fixes Grave for Dog Mascot mien., no ve pin ot Ms per I tSi p8*^ Cht>*p^'|'|*ho ta Is Mk the 1st earalry lliUw, MM Me grave aa Una The *eg MMag at Me fcislilias Is aksfsMp mm < flil>|i' peps. ??, l^ihll?^ Christmas in July Recruiting of . 65,000 additional workers for railroads, needed ur gently to carry ont the army's re deployment program, gets under way in Chicago with Cpl. Edward Solotke, 6th service command M.P., decked ont as Santa Clans in this Christmas in July crisis. Man of War One of the busiest men in the ad- 1 ministration, Under Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson, relaxes, whenever he can set away from 1 Washington, by running his farm at ? Cold Spring, N. Y. Postman and His Pal ! t "Batch," who belongs to Joe Ham mer, 13, a patient in Johns Hopkins ; hospital, Baltimore, has not missed a day in meeting his postman pal, Arthur Pritehard. He makes the dally rounds with the mailman, grabbing his tronser leg to urge more speed. Back From Prison Col. Habert C. Zemke. 11, u ke arrive* in Mew York City. The air , ate, credited with M* Nasi planes ' 7*" ^ T?T? i prisoner, was released treas Stettin. | TRUMAN COMMITTEE CARRIES ON Senators Kilgore at West Virginia (Dem.) and Brewster of Maine (Rep.) had an interesting experi ence while probing conditions in Germany for the Mead committee, formerly the Truman committee. Calling at the headquarters of Lt. Gen. Alexander M. Patch, they were received courteously by the general himself, who talked with them for ten minutes, then went off to keep an appointment. The two senators then proceeded with their usual investigation. Set tling down in one of the U. S. mili tary offices, they called in witnesses, and cross-examined them with a stenographer taking down every thing that was said. This continued for nearly three hours. Unlike most visitors. Sen ators Kilgore and Brewster seemed Intent on really finding out what was Happening m uiai pan 01 oeeu pied Germany. Finally, Gen. Ar thur White, chief of staff to General Patch, appeared nervously in the background. "Gentlemen," he said, "ahem . . , this procedure . . . it's a little un usual. I'm not sure that \#e can permit you to continue." "It's the same procedure we've always followed," replied Senator Brewster. "Yes," continued Kilgore, "it's the same procedure fol lowed by this committee under former Chairman Truman." "You probably recall him," added Brewster, "he's now President of the United States." Next day General Patch him self invited the two senators to dine with him at the villa which he had taken over from a Ger man princess. ? ? ? - ? . i JUDICIAL EXIT There was a day wHen everyone in and around the Roosevelt admin istration wanted to be a judge. This ambition was largely precipitated by the Supreme court fight and the fact that the courts in those days had put several obstructive decisions squarely across the path of the New Deal. But now it is just the opposite, rhere is a growing exit from the :ourts. Judge Schwellenbach has just resigned from the bench to be secretary of labor. Judge Sherman Minton is itching to get off the cir :uit court of appeals in Chicago. \nd there will soon be four vacan :ies on the court of appeals of the District of Columbia, considered one if the most important courts in the :ountry. Judges Vinson and Thurman Ar 10Id have already made two vacan :ies on this court. Two other va :ancies will occur when Chief Jus dee Duncan Groner and Judge Jus in Miller resign. It may keep the White House busy ooking for good men to take their places. ? ? ? ITALIAN UNDERGROUND It is not often that anyone can get i first hand report on the results of psychological Warfare direct from lis own family in an enemy coun try. However, Ugo Carusi, director if immigration and naturalization, las had that experience. Carusi came to this country as a small boy from the marble quarries if northern Italy, went to work in tiie marble quarries of Vermont, and got to know Harlan F. Stone, who brought him to the justice de partment when Stone became attor ney general under Coolidge. And during the war, Carusi has been broadcasting to the Italian people urging them to surrender. With the end of the war, Carusi has received letters from his relatives in Italy telling bow his broadcasts Itc.lruu1 inaniii? ? ?-? *1 - i.v^u uic uaiuc againsi we Nazis. "Ugo," wrote a cousin, "you can really be proud of your relatives here in Italy. From the oldest down to that little, charming young lady (Carusi's 10-year-old niece) you were always so happy to hold in your lap while in Carrara, they have proven themselves to be great patri ots. "One of your cousins, the brother of Enrico, was the colonel who led a Partigiani band in the capture of Carrara from the Germans last No vember. From that time on, the Partigiani controlled all the public offices in the town. The caves with which you are familiar were used to good advantage by the Partigiani, and the Nazis refrained from re entering the city." ? ? ? WAR NOTES 8. Despite the heavy bombing of the Schweinfurt ball-bearing plant, in lide sources reveal that it is in reasonably good condition and with in one month could be producing SO per cent of its wartime schedule. ... The Nazis had removed a lot of Schweinfurt's intricate machinery before the air raids, and hidden it. The manager of the plant told U. S. officials that within three or tour months he could be turning out SO pes cent more ball-hearings than CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT PERSONAL EAKN bio MONET I Sell lu your old: Mantel Clock; or act aa our buying agent lor Old Mantel Clocks in your territory.. We pay cash promptly. Write us today giv ing conditiwi^ clock. THf,toLwD Las Angelas M Calif.. Bay War Savings Bonds I ' W of cases shoved clinical improve-^sT ^^B meat after only 10 * days treatment with ? so eft oni in impartial, \ | IKieatific te*. SORETQNEl bObtMNXMIkl I 50* andlLW I DON'T TAKE CHANCES With Cuts, Buns, Saddl* Sons I Infection* work fast... on Live stock a* well a* human beinfte. Keep your eye peeled for minor cuts, burns, saddle or collar galls, bruises and flesh wounds. Sr isrt stockmen have relied for years on soothing time-tested Dr. Porter's An tisepticOil. Keep It on hand for emergencies and uee#only as directed ... don't give infection a chance! At your druggist's. A favorite household antiseptic dreaa tat and liniment for 98 yeais Ilanford's BALSAM OP MYRRHI It contains toothing gums to relieve the soreness and ache of over-used and strained muscles. Takes the sting and Itch out of burns. Scalds, insect bites* oak andiSy poison ing. wind and sun bum, chafing and chapped skin. Its antiseptic action leas ena the danger of infection whenever the skin is cat or broken. Keep a bottle handy far ths minor casualties of kitchen and nursery. At your druggist?trial mse bottle SSI; household aire 6St; economy nse $1.25. ? QL Ck HANFORD MFQ. CO, Syraeuaa. M. Y. SoJs malar* of \ ^ ^ j* A BUI toe's a SENSIBLE my 7 te relieve MONTHLY I VFEMALE nmt Lydia B. Plnkham's Vegetable Com pound is famous not only to rehevs periodic pain but also accompanylnc nervous, tired hlghstrung feelings? when due to functional monthly dis turbances. Taken regularly?It help* build up resistance against such symp toms. Pink ham's Compound helps no fare/ Follow label directions. Try itl \ X/duLCChnkkamCt cSnSSS , WNU?4 30?45 U|1 fb I a l i Par Too To Pool WeD t4 boors every day. T days every weak, sever stopping, tbs kidneys Alter waste watter froea the blood. II wore people were aware of bow tbs fcSdasys HO eesetastty remove ear pioe fluid, n lines adds sad otber wests wetter that cannot stay to tbe Meed withoct Injury to beeltk. tboro would be better asdersleHdlnt of wkp tbs wboU systea is apoot when kidneys tad to functiou properly. I , tla'awtina ?* ^UwMsSselfiss be estef a wfllntor ninwwieflrl tbe Mestry ever. Doom's sdwelete tbelewo tfca of tbe kidney* sad bdp tbaw is flash eat petooaoae waste from tbs 0?DM.?i<>diq?aai w^LiSSt. t H
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Aug. 2, 1945, edition 1
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