- m - mf-X. yg?P- 1? ' > SFWfJIW ". ? "- ?;?<-? ?'?* '" ' <*W', egan in 1921, then as prince re gent he ruled in his father's stead. 8e was married in 1924 and Is the father of one son and three daugh ters. RECONVERSION: Vest Job With World War H finished, and irith the nation's great armament production due to be slashed, inter ?t mounted in the government's program for switching Industry pack to a peacetime basis and pro riding continued high employment Shortly before the cessation of Motilities, President Truman called n War Production Board Chieftain Krug to go over plans for speeding ?p reconversion to prevent a large ?cale rupture of the country's econo my after V-J day. If hilt Waller Wine hell is emay, this month, his column mill he conducted | by guest columnists. By JACK LAIT C oaet-to-C oatting : Herman Shumlln, Broadway-made director, now a Hollywood wage slave (at what a wage!) is hot for realism. For a scene in a film with Charles Boyer and Lauren Bacgll, he wanted a photo of a bullet hit ting a wall?and he wanted it au thoritatively authentic. At 2 o'clock in the morning, he got four Warner lot cops to stand off and pop their 44'a at a studio wall aqd had each shot shot from several angles. . . . He still didn't get Just what he was after. . . . But, came the dawn, H. M. Warner sent for his whole force and demanded to know ? what crackpot had been shooting up his bungalow? It's right past the wall. The place looked like Berlin! Mike Romanoff, the Great Pre tender, who now owns the most prosperous cafe in California, has won his naturalization papers, thus disproving canards that his Imperial Highballness was born in Brooklyn. Mike is a native of London. Strangely, his true name is Roman off, which gave him his original in spiration to "adopt" the czarist clan. He says he will definitely not change the monicker now to Mike Stalin. ... Dr. Irving Berman, Hol lywood eye specialist, has it figured mi* ?Kot nsrenns mtth nnrmfil siffht should sit (our times the height of the screen from the screen. Bring your own tape-measure! The Commies in and around the movie industry have set np such an organised and agon ised howl against a proposed Bed probe that their activities are accentuating the positive far more than another official In vestigation is likely to. That Hol lywood is crummy with every shade of bolshy lovers is obvious to anyone who can see or bear. A recent California legislative survey turned up conditions even more malodorous than surface symptoms had indicated. Stars, producers, executives ? with no understanding of what the Rus sian system means?plug for it. Crimson propaganda creeps into costly Sims. Anyone who thinks democracy and a republic are pretty sweet is a fascist isola tionist; anyone who thinks we're UnHJ??iinr Ilka fool* ft* A TOFT reactionary. The victory of the radicals in Britain was toasted and celebrated In mansions and swank cafes in the community which glorifies the 8oviets and squawks about high O. 8. Income taxes in the same breath! Tim Gayle has left Fred Waring exploitation to start another musical mag, "Preview." He formerly pub lished "The Baton." He was going to call his new periodical "Finale," but Westbrook Pegler, whose ad vice he asked, didn't like that?said i it sounded pessimistic. Peg also said in his letter: "I think anyone who starts a business enterprise to day on his own money deserves either a medal ?r a scholarship in Matteawan. Anything that old Sam doesn't take away from you, in the improbable event that you make a dollar in the first place, will be taken by the unions and the lawyers whose services will be necessary to keep you out of prison from day to [ day." And Peg advises against pes simism! Bollywood is where: A fortune . rides on the turn of ankle or the tilt , of a nose; everything is so irrespoo sssve*#M 4ha4 a rl/VTAfk nonr I Biuic U1U ?w?7 ? ??>-?? " millionaires emerge every year; . everybody wears slacks and owns race-horses; biggies love yeamen and hire high-priced monitors to stop them from doing what they'd love to do; everyone denies that the movies are Just entertainment and insists the screen is a medium of education, culture, enlightenment and patriotism; and the cast and crew of "The Kid from Brooklyn" put in 4B.400 man-hours in a prize fight sequence that runs 3 minutes, ; 14 seconds, when you see it. Ceaaie Bennett Is back again. Jut a trouper on the payroll. Her ambi ' tious venture as a producer came rather a cropper. ... "Paris Under i world," a great story, was washed out with VE Day. But Connie had fun while it lasted?ordering people around, refusing this, tanning down ALn4 rjUislaiLiia ml .? In mat, ooa wnsrtnct picnic. Labor Costs Reduced and Farm Efficiency Greatly Increased With Improved Mechanical Developments a a t V Farm Equipment Has Now Mechanized Farm Work, Now No4 Brother to an Ox.' By George L. Gillette Editor'i Note:?George L. Gillette It president ol the Ferm Equipment Institute and has long been active in the manu facture and distribution of farm machin ery and equipment. Agriculture has come a long way since the days when the forked stick, the scythe and the flail were the rule rather than the exception, but it was not until the advent of farm ma chinery, a little more than a cen tury ago, that agricultural practices made any real progress. Even in the early 19th century the methods used by the fellaheen of ancient Egypt were still followed, even in many of the more advanced countries. And then in the space of SO years, agri culture made greater strides than in the preceding SO centuries. With the coming of the plow, the reaper and the other earlier ? types of farm machines, farm ing, though not an easy life, certainly became more attrac tive than it waa to Mlllet'i "Man With the Hoe." With the de velopment of other type* of equipment, which have followed in rapid ineeeiiion, agriculture's progress has steadily continued. No longer does the tiller of the soil lit the poet's description of "stolid and stunned, a broth er to the ox." No longer does the plowman homeward plod his weary way. He rides. The horse-drawn cultivator and pain binder have given way in many areas to the tractor, cultivator and the combine. Harvesting of the corn crop is now performed in ever Increasing measure by the tractor operated corn-picker; cotton costs are being reduced by the mechan ical cotton picker; the primitive pump is succeeded by the electrical ly - operated water system; hand milking by machine milking. The heretofore laborious Job of making hay is becoming less of a back breaking chore through the newer machines for harvesting and stor ing of this important crop ? such as power - mowers, rakes, pick-up balers, forage harvesters. And so it goes ? each step an improvement over the old; less labor in growing and harvesting of food and feed crops; in livestock raising; in horti culture or dairying. In every branch of agriculture, the story is the same: inrrPAsad pfficipnrv thrnutfh use of the machine; reduced effort on the part of the operator; more time for the better things of life, impossible of attainment in formar times when the days were not long enough even to perform the single lob of raising the food for the family. In discussing the part which mod ern farm equipment plays in saving time and labor for the farmer, we ?re apt to overlook some of the Important services which it renders iu the job of food production. Modern farm equipment has done more than any other one thing to neutralize weather hazards. It en ables the farmer to both control and shorten his crop handling time, thus increasing the amount of work that can be done in the hours of sunshine allotted to him; weed control and eradication can be adapted to indi vidual weeds; controlled plowing depths do much to bury such insect pests as the corn borer, Hessian fly and the boll weevil; quick and posi tive erosion control is made possible through modern, mechanized farm equipment All of these tend to in i crease acre yields and, in many cases, save entire crops. Cost Per Unit Decreased. One hundred years ago, with tools then available, it required several days ot man labor to grow and har vest an acre of wheat Today, In LIFE OF MACHINERY The life of farm machinery can be greatly extended as proven by tests conducted at the Univer sity of Missouri. Corrosion and lack of care of unhoused farm machinery cut its life in half, and added to the upkeep cost. A rec ord on a few of the implements: Life Equipment Housed Unhoused Walking plows 20 years 15 years Gang plows ... 20 years 10 years Corn planters . 8 years 4 years Cultivators ... 20 years 8 years Mowers 12 years 7 years Binders 12 years 5 years Wagons 24 years 19 years Disk harrows. 15 years 8 years the Great Plains areas of the United States, expenditure of less than 10 minutes of man labor per bushel is not unknown when modern methods and machines are used. In other crops, the story is similar and, because of such methods and the marvels of present day equipment, it has been possible for the farmers of the Americas, Great Britain, or others of the United Nations to maintain or expand their prdduction of food in the war period, despite reduction of workers on the land. Without the aid of such labor and time-saving machines, there is little doubt that the millions of men in the armed services and the many millions more at home would have long since faced serious food crises that might have jeopardized the out come of this world struggle. It is true that thousands of per sons in war-torn countries, cut off from normal food supplies, have perished, and that in areas where the population still de pends upon primitive agricul tural methods, starvation is not uncommon. But inch dimeter* serve to underline the impor tance of substitutinf improved food producing equipment for the hand tools of the ancient*. Man can get along without many thing*, but not without food or the mean* of producing it. With the wider distribution of present-day equipment and the new, even more efficient "machine tools of agriculture" to be available after the war, is it too much to hope that the scourge of famine may be stamped out entirely? In any event, the manufacturers of farm equipment can be relied upon to do their utmost toward that end. In the meantime, they aro con tinuing to produce both tor civilians and military purpose*. Doing Big War Job. Their factories have been turning out immense quantities at munitions and material far use on land, sea and air, and they will continue to do so as long as the emergency re quires. They have produced noon re pair parts in the last several seasa Plow oied on Gen. George Washington's plantation In Virginia. Has wood mold board, wood standard, no landside. Flat iron share and Iron coulter. than at any time in their history, to make sure that machines already on the (arms will continue to func tion. They have manufactured as many complete machines as avail able materials, manpower and gov ernmental restrictions would permit and have maintained throughout this period the high standards for which American farm machinery is noted throughout the world. Products of the farm equip meat industry have always beea sturdily built to take the beating farm work demands; some Idea of their sturdy construction is Indicated by the orders for re pair and replacement parts, re ceived by manufacturers, for machines M and even M years old, still operating. Today, equipment going into the hands of the farmer is better engi neered than ever. Knowing something of the men who design and manufacture these farm machines, I am convinced that the products for the postwar era win be even better. The history of the farm equipment industry has been one of continuous progress and of ever-increasing service to agricul ture. I am confident that this record will be even brighter in the years ahead. Modern Machine Fanner Builds Up for Prosperity For years the farm equipment industry ? dealers, manufacturers, and trade publications ? have been active advocates of soil and water conservation and improvement of soil fertility. One-crop farms, espe cially where tobacco, cotton and corn were the' cash crops, began bringing home to them the fact that the nation's wealth was leaching down the hillsides and into the streams that carried it to the ocean. Such lands were rapidly passing out of production, ceasing to pay taxes and to support prosperous form families and communities. Villages, even counties, faded with the farms ao uic/ tcwic vu?. To awaken the nation to the con sequences of this trend, if not coun teracted, the industry long has laid stress upon the long-pull benefits of soil conservation and the part that farmers can play in the program by using the tools already on the farms, and available for soil conservation efforts. Contour farming, terracing and crop rotations in the United States go back to Thomas Jefferson's work in Virginia well over a century ago. Writing in the American Farmer in 1821, the ex-President of the United States, in a signed article, answered inquiries from readers of that pi Facsimile of original MeCormick reaper, which peered ?e of agrft culture'i most important machinery developments. oncer publication as to contour farming and about the plow he used on his son-in-law's Virginia farm. But Jefferson's efforts to teach the pioneer American tanner to build a permanent agriculture, and with it community and national prosperity, were soon forgotten in the rah to virgin lands that opened up to settlers as the Louisiana Purchase and other territorial acquisitions beckoned young farmers toward the mid-West and the Pacific. While good farmers on their own initiative followed conservation practices, comparatively little was done in an organized manner until the United States department at agriculture in the 'Us began taking active notice at the erosion at top soil on cultivated lands; set up ero sion-control experiment stations and instituted an intensive study of soil erosion. In 1835 tha Soil Conserva tion service was established and by the middle of last year. 45 of tha states had soil conservation die trictg totaling 1,114 and efnhractag n , i ' f '.isfiiitifeyifiMBiH