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THE ALAMANCE GLEANER
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VoL LXXI GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1945
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? ncna ATIALTMS
Congress Fashions 5V.2 Billion
Dollar Tax Reduction for 1946;
Ponder Postwar Army Training
? Released by Weitera Newsoaoer Union
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imia maaiiHi Dalaa'a aawa aaalrau a a* IH aaaaaaarllj .1 ikla aawaaaaar.l
With freedom of speech assured under Allied orders, former Japanese
political prisoner addresses fathering in Tokyo. Under proposed liberal
ised constitution, all Nipponese elements would be afforded opportunity
far recognition In nation's governmental councils.
TAXES:
Good News
Though the senate and house had
yet to compromise their differ
ences, John Q. Public could look
forward to substantial reductions in
income taxes in 1946, and Ameri
can business was assured generous
relief for the immediate postwar
period.
No less than 2t4 billion dollars
was expected to be lopped off of in
dividual income taxes as a result of
provisions for permitting $500 ex
emptions for dependents before pay
ment of the normal 3 per cent levy
and the scaling down of surtax
rates.
Close to another 8 billion dol
lars was scheduled to be pared from
corporation income taxes through
substantial reduction or total elimi
nation of the excess profits assess
ment; repeal of the declared value
excess profits and capital stock
levies, and graduated decrease in
surtax rates on companies with less
than $60,000 net return.
In addition to income tax reduc
tions, the use tax on automobile and
boats was expected to be dropped.
Solons were divided on the question
of wartime luxury levies, however,
with the house for cutting present
rates to prewar level; July 1 and
the senate against the action.
With reserves well over 6 billion
dollars, both houses were unani
mous in freezing present social se
curity payroll taxes at 1 per cent on
employee and employer alike and
forestalling an automatic increase
to 2Vt per cent apiece January 1.
Under the tax relief bill drawn up
by the senate, G.I.s would not be
required to pay taxes on service
compensation during the war years,
and officers would be permitted to
spread tax liabilities over a three
year period interest free.
LABOR:
Setting Pattern
With both Henry Ford II and
united AutomoDiie Warners' leaders
expressing confidence in settlement
of a wage "adjustment at the com
pany, government officials held high
hopes that an agreement might re
sult in the establishment of a post
war pay pattern and clear the way
for speedy reconversion.
Government optimism was a wel
come note in the dreary labor pic
tare, pointed up by the deadlock in
negotiations between the UAW and
General Motors over the CIO
anion's demands for a 30 per cent
wage increase to maintain wartime
"take-home" pay and the corpora
tion's resistance to the demands
because of possible effects on prices.
Setting the pattern for other CIO
anions, the UAW declared that Gen
eral Motors was -well able to dip
Bio alleged huge wartime profits to
carry over any losses accruing
from higher wages until future pro
duction reached big volume levels.
Reflecting industrial sentiment for
its own part. General Motors denied
exorbitant wartime earnings and de
clared any withdrawal from reserves
would crimp expansion plans.
As the companies and unions
dashed, the administration worked
an a reconversion wage policy de
signed to guide negotiations through
the troublesome days ahead. Strong
ly influenced by labor, the govern
ment reportedly favored substantial
wage boosts to maintain wartime
"take-home" pay while freezing
Prices at prewar levels, except in
hardship cases. <
GHvfag both capital and labor its I
say hi the formulation of a recon vet- i
' A - . . T.' . _ ------
sion pay program, the government
moved slowly in the establishment
of policy. Hopes ran high that the
forthcoming management-labor par
ley would result in the voluntary
creation of machinery for settlement
of important disputes.
MILITARY TRAINING:
Await Response
Having received President Tru
man's recommendation for one year
of postwar military training for
American youth 17 to 20, congress
adopted a cautious attitude on the
question, with one ear perked for
popular reaction and the other for
military argument.
Personal congressional response to
the President's request varied, with
Senator Revercomb (Rep., W. Va.)
declaring "... I am open minded
?I want to hear both sides of this.
..." while Representative Celler
(Dem., N. Y.) exclaimed "... We
President Truman asks congress
for military training for youth.
want no truck with compulsory mil
itary conscription. ..."
Meanwhile, it was estimated that
about 975,000 youth would be called
up for training each year under the
President's program, with 250.000
rejected for physical or mental de
ficiencies. Because of weather con
siderations, the largest number of
camps undoubtedly would be lo
cated in the south, with regular
army officers and non-commissioned
officers in charge. Fewer routine
tasks, such as kitchen police, would
be in store for reservists, military
sources said.
JAPAN:
Reform Imminent
Her military machine smashed,
Japan's highly developed economic
monopolies, designed for foreign as
well as domestic exploitation, also
faced imminent dissolution as part of
the Allied program to strip Nippon
of her war-making potential and
democratize the country.
The losers figured to be the five
great financial-industrial families of
Japan, which, as the dominant ci- J
vilian powers, had exercised strong i
pressure on the nation's foreign poli
cies. Backed both politically and
financially by the government, the
big five, known as the "zaibatsu,"
were heavy investors in overseas
development.
By smashing the "zaibatsu," the
Allies planned to loosen their grip
over Japanese politics and permit
more liberal and democratic ele
ments to exert influence over gov
ernment direction. At the same
time, destruction of the great com
bines promised freer opportunity for
economic development in the coun
try.
As steps were taken for the dis
solution of the "zaibatsu," the politi
;al transformation of Japan slowly
gained ground with new parties in
the development stage and more lib
eral political institutions impending
in the rewriting of the national con
ititutioa.
AGRICULTURE:
Global Pact
First permanent body of the
United Nations, the Food and Agri
culture organization (FAO) came
into existence in the grand ball
room of the Chateau Frontenac in
Quebec, Canada, with 30 nations for
mally signing its constitution.
Though possessing no executive
powers over member nations, FAO
seeks, through voluntary inter
change of information and effort, "to
improve agricultural production,
raise nutritional standards and bet
ter the living conditions of rural pop
ulations. Indicative of the big Job
FAO has on its hands, two-thirds of
the world's population is estimated
to be ill-fed, with many facing peri
odic starvation.
Signatories to the FAO constitu
tion include Australia, Belgium,
Canada. China, Denmark, Domini
can Republic, Egypt, France,
Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hon
duras, Iceland, India, Iraq, Liberia,
Luxembourg, Czechoslovakia, Mex
ico, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Peru,
Union of South Africa, Philippines,
England, United States and Vene
zuela.
FRANCE:
Left Swing
With their fundamental platforms
at variance, France's three great
political parties ? the Commu- '
nists. Socialists and Popular Repub
lican movement ? prepared for the i
establishment of a new constitu
tion as demanded in the recent elec
tion.
As the three major parties and ?
smattering of smaller organizations
moved to write a new political char
ter for the country, the Popular Re
publican movement, backed by
General De Gaulle, loomed as a
counterweight between the Commu
nists and Socialists. Known as a
Catholic Liberal party, and led by
Foreign Minister Bidault, the
PRM's surprising demonstration of
strength in the elections was in
dicative of the quick defense thrown
up by moderate elements against
the threat of extreme radicalism.
The new alignment found
France's political picture charac
teristically mixed, with the Social
ists joined with the PRM for a west
ern bloc of European nations t
against Communist opposition; the
Communists committed to a swift
program of nationalization of indus
tries; the Socialists favoring more
study of such an undertaking and
the PRM for a moderate course.
FIRE RAIDS:
U. S. Vulnerable
Back from a tour of war-wracked
Europe, Anthony J. Mullaney, chief
fire marshal of Chicago, HI., and a
rioted authority on fires, declared
Lhat investigations showed that no
great city could withstand concen
avni?i?. i
"Bktu cAptuoivc anu uivcuuiai;
raids and domination of the skies
overhead was the only assurance of
safety.
In making his disclosure, Mul
laney cited the obliteration of Ham- ;
burg, Germany, where all walls I
were of brick, numerous firebreaks J
existed, no skyscrapers reared up j
and an efficient fire department op
erated. In a contrast indicative of
the vulnerability of American cities,
Mullaney cited localities dotted with ;
frame buildings, wood lathe and
plaster construction, tall buildings, ? .
and few empty spaces for allowing a
sweeping fire to peter out. (
In burning out Hamburg, Mul- ,
laney said, great squads of Allied '
oombers first dropped explosives to ;
rip up structures, with incendiaries
then being loosed upon the open 1
wreckage. Towering flames licked
jp the oxygen to create a vacuum |
into which air from surrounding i
areas then rushed in, creating fierce ?
"fire storms." With instruments re- i
cording temperatures of 1,400 de- |
grees F., over 40,000 persons were i
said to have died from the flames, l
heat inhalation or asphyxiation.
NAVY:
Speed Releases ,
With nearly 300.000 enlisted men ! ,
and officers already released since |
V-J Day, the navy planned for the ,
iemobilization of an additional 900,
)00 by the first of next year through |
i reduction in discharge scores. ,
Following establishment of lower (
icores November 1. the navy con- ,
em pi a ted an even further cut De
cember 1, with male officers' point
?equirements pared to 44; enlisted |
nale personnel to 39; WAVE offi- ,
:ers to 30, and enlisted WAVE per- j
lonnel 24.
In cutting its discharge scores, j
he navy left its point computation ,
mattered, with one-half point for ,
each year of age; one-half point for j
>ach full month of service; 10 points ,
or dependents regardless of num
*r, and one-fourth point for each j
nonth of service outside at the DA, ,
lince September 1, 1930. t
IU_. t >f ?f ?
note* of ? new termer:
Hera b ? mm way to handle men.
. . . They tell it around the Pentagon
Bldg. in WaaHagtan. ... A soldier
wai talking to a diplomat. Said the
aoldier: "In peace timet, I personal
ly handled one W.P.A project. I
made it a point to aak each man
about hit job and its objective. I
found the accomplishment charts
soaring ? with no other incentive
than interest and appreciation of ef
fort. I believe that to be the back
bone, not only of discipline, but of
an army's combat spirit." . . . The
soldier was Gen. George Marshall,
Chief of Staff, U. S. Army. . . . The
diplomat was Adolph A. Berle, Jr.
At Judge Clark's wedding Presi
dent Truman wore a new suit which
everybody admired. After the cere
mony Clark went up to the Presi
dent and remarked: "You know,
Harry,, a suit like that would cost
$500 in France."
"That so?" chirped the chief exec
uuve. "With or without a vest?"
Peter Donald was talking to Tom
my Lyman In Jimmy Ryan's when
one of the phonies (who fought
harder to stay out of the service
than he did in uniform) strolled into
the club in civilian clothes. Donald
cracked: "He fought the war guard
ing a coal-pile in Brooklyn. Do you
think he got out on points?"
"No," Lyman replied. "Angleal"
What is perhaps the best piece of
political oratory was being dis
cussed by a group of politicos the
other night in the Zanzibar. They
began by tracing the early speeches
of our leading politicians. Finally,
Jimmy Walker said that the best
piece of political oratory he had
ever heard came from Ma]. Gen.
Claire Chennault, who (finding him
self being considered for the gover
norship of Louisiana) deadpanned:
"I'm an honest man; I know nothing
about politics."
The-wsr-lsn't-ever-yet Item: The
London Evening Standard's litres
critic used this simile to describe a
tome: "It rasps the nerves like a
Brooklyn accent." . . . Normalcy
note: Sponsors are dropping some
newscasters. At the same time they
are waiting in line for an oppor
tunity to broadcast football games.
When President Harding was once
queried about American foreign
policy, he said that foreign coun
tries were frequently confused by
the fact that the U. S. had two for
eign policies. . . . "What are they?"
he was asked.
"The Sec'y of State's," he said,
"and Nicholas Murray Butler's!"
Hobby Lobby of famous men: Paul
Revere, of course, would live as a
great silversmith; Thomas Jefferson
as a great architect; Winston Chur
chill as a most competent bricklay
er. ... In the last war?Great Brit
ain's Chief Army Commander, Field
Marshal Haig, was an excellent
leather worker.
A returning GI was anxious to
bring back a Luger pistol as a
souvenir from overseas. ... As the
transport neared the dock the fel
low became more and more nerv
ous. . . . Finally, in desperation he
confessed his fears to a pal. . . .
Th? IriwwJ l*? ?1 J ' "
*.M> auuui/ |MI U1IC1CU UP ITBQ0
packs and assume all responsibility.
. . . The GI was vastly relieved and
ihe switch was effected. . . . The
luggage was not searched upon de
barkation. ... A few minutes later
the two met on shore. . . . The GI
was exceedingly grateful "By
the way," he said as they switched
packs, "you must have a lot of
things in your pack. It's awful
heavy."
"Yes." said the pal. "I have
TWELVE gats in mine."
Then there's the Colonel from
Kentucky who was charged $90 for
s quart of bourbon in Paris. . .. His
buddy observed that it was an ex
orbitant price to pay.
'"Not in my estimation, suh," said
the Colonel. "It's th' fust time I
evuh had th' privilege of payin'
?omewheh neah th' flggir I always
considered it wuth."
The Matue of Liberty, whose right
hand holds a torch, but few are
?ware the left hand grasps a tab
let representing the Declaration at
Independence, inscribed "July 4,
1776." . . . Harlem's "hot-beds"
icrving three shifts at sleepers
tally. However, not all of Harlem
is a slum area. It also contains
many lavish penthouse apartments.
. . . Music lovers waiting in line for
aalcony seats at the Metopera, ai
:hough you can see only half the
itage from the aids seats.
? 'changing:
?> % * world.' -
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Supreme Court Visits President
Pictured when the Supreme court Justices paid annual visit to the
President. Front row, I. to r.s Chief Justice Stone, President Truman,
Justice Black, Justice Frankfurter. Second row: Justice Reed, Jus
tice Burton, Justice Butledpe, Justice Murphy. Top row: Justice Dour
las, C. E. Cropley, court clork; J. B. McGrath, E. Wappaman and Tom
C. Clark. - ?
DeGaulle Stays In ?
Gen. Charles dc Gaulle is shewn
Just before he was retained bend ad
the French goTermineat, at the drst
election of the Fonrth RepobUe. His
party did net fare as well as thn
general.
MacArthur Reforms Japan's Cabinet
Ia more ware than one General MacArthur hai reformed the Japa
nese cabinet. He removed most of the personnel and those he let stay,
be reformed. They are shown as they were formally Inducted Into office
on the cronnds of the prime minister's residence In Tokyo. General Mae
Arthur says they shall stay in office only so lone as they ee-operate.
Promises Defense Against the Atom
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The Crosby Research foundation has aaeoaaced that they have a so
lution for the atonaic bsak. They seed set knew where the bomb la
mla| frees. Their deleeae srtU prerent Us arrival, Usee a la the pietare
s eee ef the Creeby be ethers aat helper eriehhf model Jet aeteaaebUe,
?e ef the aew prod acts ef the Creeby Res ear eh fiaatatlia, which aided
>mie experiments.
... . I ? ' 'J.'; 1. .
Navy's Izaak Walton
"Skip" Parker, one of the experts
at the navy's Seagate hocpttal. sear
New York'i Cower Island, leads a
helping kind and teeth?to "Crip"
Groves is preparing Ms tackle.
"Crip" b an expert caster, evaa
thoogh he has to da it boas
erotehea.
Canine Vet Uses Head j
tor. Rry NtWBUMrfCliitti*,
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