Newspapers / The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, … / Jan. 10, 1946, edition 1 / Page 2
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Try Nazis in Ruins Of Their Handiwork ? ?? Scene of Historic Trial 91 Per Cent Destroyed By Bomuings; Case Sets Precedent For Outlawing War. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. Back in Germany. Baukhage reports the war crimes trial of 21 top Nazis with the same vividness with which he narrated their rise to power m the pre-war years when he was stationed in the reich. Below is the first o/ ? series of articles written from Nuernberg: WNC Service. 1616 Eye Street N. W., Washington, D. C. NUERNBERG, GERMANY. ? I have Just left the courtroom where, as I write, the trial of Germany's war criminals is still in progress. The courtroom is just above me in this great stone courthouse which was almost untouched by the bomb ing which reduced this most beauti ful and famous city to the point that it was declared "91 per cent dead" by the experts who followed the occupation by American troops on April 20, 194S. I am writing in the press room with reporters from more than a dozen nations about me. Most of us are in uniform, the majority being the uniform of the United States army, which all war correspondents in our theater wore. Up until re cently correspondents had a simu lated rank of captain. Now we are simply uniformed civilians operat ing under military orders. As I look back over the beginnings of this trial ? the earliest discus sions before the tribunal itself was formed ? 1 have the feeling that we are now looking at something very real ? actual and factual, rather than theoretical and vague. At the first gathering, the appalling condi tion of this city produced the feeling that all about it and in it must be chaos too. Nuernberg dates back to the 11th century and it grew into such favor and beauty that it bore the name of Germany's "treasure chest." It was a chest of treasures of art, song and culture as well as of the gold that poured into the cof fers of the merchants. Now it is a shell, and one of Europe's best ex amples of the atmosphere and charm of the middle ages is gone. How the nearly 300,000 people who are said to be living in these ruins exist it is hard to say. The streets are cleared, some street cars are running, soma shops are opening, a city government is operating. But few houses are livable. In some cases parts of great office buildings have been restored. Such cellars as can be cleared of rubble and roofed are crowded. A huge air raid shel ter 280 steps below the ground con tains a small village in itself. Milestone in Mars'* Progress It may be that what is accom plished will be washed out by sub sequent stupidities; but I believe, whether we go forward immediate ly from this point or not, it will remain a milestone in man's effort to accomplish the outlawry of war, that it will be a landmark from which others may set their course anew. Grotiua, father of internation al law. held to the principle that aggressive wars were illegal. As Justice Jackson pointed out, it was because of the greed for land which characterized the 18th and 19th cen turies that this concept was thrust aside and the world came to accept the tenet that war in itself was not illegal. And it seems to me that all attempts to stop war must be futile so long aa such a concept exists in international thinking. No one who saw the spontaneous reaction to Justice Jackson's opening address to the court could feel that the tre mendous effort which has gone into the creation and operation of thia court can be completely lost. For those who have witnessed these proceedings there is a strik ing symbolism in the rise and fall of a nation which built a vicious culture in leas than a decade with one final objective (aggressive war), which very ideology destroyed it as no nation has been wrecked before. Here we see before us in the flesh kin some cases considerably less flesh than they were adorned with in their hey-day), the men who con ceived and carried out this plan, which is the distillation of the phi losophy that might is right, and which negates the whole basis of the moral law which has been estab lished by civilization. Step by step, with the epitome of tons of written evidence, with mov ing pictures, with plans and charts. the growth of the Nazi plan is being set forth factually, coldly and logical ly. A new chapter is being written in every session of the court. We watched Nazidom unfold be fore us step by step ? first, in the removal of the physical ability of the German people to resist; then in the gradual substitution of Nazi con cepts for the normal human concepts produced by the Christian philoso phy. One of the American attorneys quoted a comment of Dr. Schacht on the effect of the destruction of the freedom of the press. Schacht was quoted as having said, at a time before he knuckled under to Hitler, that thousands of Germans had been killed or imprisoned and not one word was allowed to be printed about it. Of what use is martyrdom, he asked, when it is so concealed that it has no value as an example to others? Therein lies one of the answers to the moral failure of Ger man resistance. By the time the Nazis were ready to fill their concentration camps with their foreign victims, they had learned well the art of handling the resistance of their own people and smothering it behind a wall of utter silence. As the court pointed out, the first purpose of the concentration camps, the persecution, suppression and propaganda, was "the conquest of the German masses." Each successive step was traced by the prosecution with the same meticulous detail, detail that kept even the prisoners with their ears glued to the headphones and their eyes following the speaker or the ex hibits. Accused Make Brave Show However, for us in the courtroom, more impressive than the things that were done were the men in the pris oners' dock who actually did them. Goering was no longer a name, he was a person, now leaning back and grinning, now with his arms on the edge of the rail of the dock, his chin resting on them. There was Rosenberg, whose task was to twist the minds of the people with his absurd story of a super-race, of anti-semitism. There he sat, looking down, his fingers nervously toying with the telephone cords. There was Keitel, stiff, cold, proud, arrogant, all Prussian in his uni form, stripped though it was of every badge, ribbon and insignia. He maintains himself with dignity, but not for a moment does he forget his pose. At this writing the psychi atric analysis of the prisoners has not been completed and Keitel has not been reported upon, but I dare ssy his I. Q. will be high, though perhaps not equal to that of Goer ing, who, surprisingly enough, stands right at the top. Goering is tacitly acknowledged as leeder by the oth ers. To the observers he appeared still the silly poseur, although he seemed more reasonable appearing than the fat and grinning mannikin I saw as he presided over the Reich stag in his comic opera uniform. Admiral Doenitz, who looks like a pale shadow, is also at the top of 1- Q- list. He remains almost motionless, only occasionally con sulting his sttorney, who appears in a German naval uniform as he is on duty with a part of the fleet used In mine sweeping and was released especially for the trial. Down at the bottom of the list so f*r as intelligence goes is Julius Streicher. Although of far lesser stature than the rest, this miserable character is a symbol of the fall of Nazidom because he is meeting fate in the city in which he rose to P?*,r~1 fate at which he him self hinted. Streicher conducted the last ffN"1 Indoctrination for lawyers held .in this very courtroom where he had been tried by the pre-Nazi authorities for various misdemean ors and perhaps other crimes. As be concluded his last lecture, be pointed to the prisoners' dock and Mid: "We used to sit over there. Now we are standing up here. But Ty hV d*y when *? sre sitting down thfcr* again." He IS sitting down there today in a brand new dock, to be sure, but with the same great iron eagle over the high marble frame of the door way looking down on his cringing BARBS . . . by Baukhag? la the various provinces of France, (rape harvesting is ritual ised. In Burgtmdy the grapes are collected in wicker baskets known as "vendangeots." In Champagne ?hey are piled in little wooden tierrela, es "caques." Wooden bas kets are need in the Bordoaus re fks, ^wdijrti la Provence, wicker Com <P?r. P?nniers to ^ i Since the Inauguration on Decem ber 1, 1045. of radio-telephone com munication between the Netherlands West Indies islands of St. Maarten and Saba, the latter, which is little more than an extinct volcanic cone, with its lone community, known as "the bottom," k> the crater, is be lieved to he fee world's smallest t? land in rg each oosn mimics tlor facilities. WITHOUT HANDCUFFS ... lrma Wright, Canada'* premier typist, handi capped herself with everything bat manacles in a demonstration at To ronto. She wrote 126 errorless words per minute blindfolded, with gloves on and typing through a silk handkerchief over the keyboard. Without such impedimenta she hit 136 words per minute. To you who answered the call of your country and served in its Armed Forces to bring about the total defeat of the enemy, I extend the heartfelt thanks of a grateful Nation As one of the Nation's finest, you undertook the most severe task one can be called upon to perform. Because you demonstrated the forti tude, resourcefulness and calm judgment necessary to carry out that task, we now look to you for leadership and example in further exalting our country in peace. * ** m "MI son, TESTIMONIAL FOB G.I.S . . . All honorably discharged soldiers, saUors and marines will be presented with President Truman's testimonial. The testimonial, shown above, win be given with discharge papers in the future. Those who are already out of service, but who served during World War n, will receive their copies> in the mall. Very few will be mailed out until the holiday post office rush is over. addressing a crowd of Japs oa Tokyo's Ginsa, pleading with them to aim a petition to General MseArthnr to tare Lt. Gen. TamashiU from the hangman's noose. The sign across Araki's chest roads: "I am re sponsible for the movement to save General Tamashita." TEAMS FXY TO GAMES . . . Far the tret time in the history ol > basket ball league, team are tying to each othera' ettiei by chartered airplane, taottgatora el the project are the nine teams el the American basketball league. The San Diego team b shown aboard plane en roete to Salt Lahe City. In one week they played In Salt Lake City, Dearer, Kansas City, and Bartlesrille. Okie., retaining hi Unas la lniah the week with ? heme game at San Diego. WASHED ABOARD ... One ol the luckiest, of men to arrive in New York City recently was Fred Mc Carthy, Boston. Homeward bound he was washed overboard. Another wave tossed him back on the deck of the SS George Washington. RADIO GENIGS . . . Morris Isom, 17, Miami, Fla., former merchant marine ship radio man, youngest ra dio station technician in the world, shown as he left New York City for Tanglers, where he will set up a radio station. WIDOW RETURNS ... Mrs. George S. Patton meets her son, West Point Cadet George S. Patton m, as she returns from Luxembourg, fol lowing the fnneral of General Pat ton. The general was buried with full military honors. SETTEN' PRETTY . . . This Irish setter, of high decree, hxs no use for weather of low decree. So when the temperature hit eight below, he did semethinc about hla comfort. His master's hunting cap and muf fler came in mighty handy. NO-HIT ACE . . . Johnny Vmnder Meer, former Cincinnati pitcher of nn-Mt fame, photofraphed u he was diseharred from the nary. The ?Mlhpew h now tl years eld. TRUMAN DUCKS QUESTION OF SECOND TERM WASHINGTON. ? Pres. Harry " Truman isn't sticking his neck out on the 1948 political race?yet. Democratic Rep. Edward Herbert of Louisiana and Mayor Robert Maestri of New Orleans discovered this when they called at the White House the other day. Maestri reminded Truman- that the Louisiana delegation was among the first to support him for vice president at the 1944 Democratic convention in Chicago. Then he added: "We hope to cast our votes for you for President at the next convention." Truman chuckled good-naturedly but that was all. "All I can say to that," he replied, "is that I'm just doing a job here from day to day and letting the futnre take care of Itself." CLOTHING FOR VETERANS Chief dilemma faced by the re turning war veteran when it comes to new clothes is that either he will get clothes or his wife and sweet heart will get them. There aren't going to be enough for both. In this choice between man and wife there is no question as to where the U. S. government stands, at least in theory?on the side of the man. He has been away fight ing, his old clothes are moth-eaten and he deserves something to wear. Getting them for him, however, may be another matter. Bottleneck of the entire problem boils down to linings. Wool cloth ing for men must have linings. This means rayon and cotton. At present the wool and worsted situation is improving and there probably will be almost enough for 1946. But rayons and cottons are differ ent. In the first place most of their production was allocated to war uses and it takes some time to get mills reconverted. Second, and here is where the sex problem comes in, most of the rayon and cotton now available for civilian use has been going to women. In other words, women are getting the rayon blouses, the slips, the undies and other things they like to wear. Meanwhile the much more prosaic but ab solutely necessary lining for men's suits is left out in the cold. In addition, the hosiery man ufacturers are even asking for, and getting, a lot of rayon pound age for stockings, despite the fact that nylon is coming back. WHY WOMEN GET BREAK Chief reasons for this channelling of clothes to women, despite the needs of veterans, are: 1. Higher prices and more profits in women's apparel. Men's clothing manufacturers blame this on OPA. 2. The War Production board last fall issued priorities on cotton and rayon in order to spur production of medium-priced clothing, but for some strange reason entirely omitted the bottleneck of men's suits?linings. Since then the WPB has been abol ished, but its successor, the civil ian production administration, if anything, perhaps, has done a little worse. Well-meaning Herbert Rose, head of the CPA textile division, who has sublime faith in the ef ficacy of priorities under any and all circumstances, has proceeded to grant priorities to "hardship" cases for coat linings. By the end of No vember, 160 "hardship" cases had received lining priorities from Washington alone with scores of other priorities issued by CPA branch offices, making the whole situation more snarled than ever. Meanwhile, Frank Chester Bowles, who has done more to protect the American consumer than any one else in Washing ton, readily admits that be has made a mistake in clothing. His problem, however, U whether to get an army of women's clothing dealers on his neck by decreasing the ectlings on wom en's clothes, or whether to boost the price of clothes for men by allowing higher price ceilings on their clothes. * ? One or the other probably will be necessary even in addition to the plan for voluntary rationing of men's clothing and the issuing of clothing certificates to men at sep aration centers. Now we in this country have a great form of government and a great basic concept of getting along with our neighbors. And it's time we went out as Christ did and tried to sell our American religion. CAPITAL CHAFF "I've been reading the platforms of the two major political parties for the past 40 years," remarked eon. Carter Manaaco of Alabama, who did so much to sabotage the full employment bill. "WelL if everything called for in those plat forms had been carried out. the country would have been ruined now. . . . "Most significant thin, about the Republican s Chicago cotw vention to me," remarked "Cap" Harding, secretary of the Demo cratfc congressional committee, "is the excellent planning. Classified Deparfaachl MISCELLANEOUS MP LOVELY print p*rcate auOt 1 X..IIU.K) 1.106. ?1 & 100 =c I HEMNANTS. D?p?. W.. ???!???. r V Safe, Sounc] Investment? Buy U. S. Savings Bonds! Beware Comb from common coWt That Hang Oa OreomoUoo rellevMpro?*flr k? (term laden phlegm, and aid ntei to soothe and heal nw, triklrr, flamed bronchial mucodia BOS branes. Tell your ftruggMtori^m a bottle of CreomuWpn with ths? derstandlng you must like the Wf ? quietly allays the cough or biM to have your money bade. CREOMULSION for Couzfi 1, Omt CoWt. Bmdil, CANT YOU SLEEP? WHEN the stress ?f moin living gets "on your ?srsa^ s good sedative can di a htts lessen nervous tension, t? malm you more comfortable, to post restful sleep. Next time a day's wort ami worry or a night's wakefulness makes you Irritable, Restks as Jumpy?gives you Nervoaa IW ache or Nervous IndigcsUaa, tag Dr. Miles Nerviie (Liquid or Effervescent TaMab* Dr. Miles Nervine is s flan tested sedative that baa lea bringing relief from Fpocbeet Nervous Disturbances for sbg years yet is as up-to-date as ttai morning's newspaper. Liquid and >1.00. Effervescent tablets JW and 75?. CAUTION?Tabs safer as directed. saaasaa | TOMOlJtSW ??? PAZO IN TUttfl Mill ton* of people suffering tmm simple Pile*, have found ptflal relief with PAZO ointment- BoA why: First, PAZO ointment ssedMs Inflamed area*?relieve* psi* aai Itching Second. PAZO staeaame lubricate* hardened, dried Hrts? helps prevent cracking end nn new Third, PAZO ointment OandU to reduce swelling and check minar Weeding. Fourth. It'* easy to was. PAZO ointment s perforated PSu Pipe mekes application ataapflm thorough. Your doctor out am you about PAZO ointment. SUPP O 11 TOKIIS ???? Some pereone, end many dacemm prefer to use tuppoeKoriee, eefOi come* in handy enppeelmeSm aflam The came soothing rettef that PAZO alwaye give*. Hera's One Of The MW BiOOOIRON Tomcs?sjr If yea lack B100MIW You gtria and women who ??? on from simple anemia that yWM ffffffk weak, "dragged out"?this map ha mas to lack of blood-iron. 80 trylMi BL Ptnkham's TABLETS?one of Ifca ta* home ways to build up red Moat hu get more strength?in such e*m.lhh ham's Tablets are one of the vmhaA blood-Iron tonics you can bwft wnu?4 Help Than Qemse the WkmmM of Harmful Body Va* Year kidney* are niaUaartj Mhl warn* matter jro w the html mmm. Bg not act ?*?N*tarw jitmied*Idtsmi mere Impmidm^tlm^ Emmhrngjag ga*dr?agrs.tts easiety end lam ml pan mi aeamki Other gfti of kidney, er IMBfBb eager tie semsttmaa brnkaemgyo tea frequeat er Wat I on. There should be aegmhtAatpaaM ssrwas.SscaS
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Jan. 10, 1946, edition 1
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