Newspapers / The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, … / May 16, 1946, edition 1 / Page 2
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Complete Trial Needed To Legally Outlaw War By RAUKHAGE IV?w AnulyU and Commentator. WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street. N.W. Washington, D. C. As the Nuernberg trials draw to a close, I continue to hear two ques Hons repeated ad infinitum in the market places and bazaars, in the coflee houses and the couloirs (not to mention the lecture halls). One is: Why on earth are they drafting out these trials; aren't they ever going to end? The other is: Do you think any of these fellows (the prisoners) are going to get on7 The intelligence of the question ers and the number of times 1 hear the questions assures me that the main purposes of the trial are still widely misunderstood. Associate Justice Jackson knows as well as anyone else that news from Nuernberg has long since de parted inconspicuously from the front page. He knows, from read ing the American newspapers which reach him not too belatedly, thanks to the ALS (the army's special courier service), that his role in the Nuernberg case will never bring him a succes de scandale. He knows his presence is needed in Washing ton on the Supreme court bench. In any case, he knows that he is adding to his fellow justices' bur dens, if not their annoyance by re maining away from the job. Cer tainly he realizes that time is not increasing the prestige which he undoubtedly achieved when he en gineered the trials and made his ringing opening address. He has nothing to gain personally by re maining longer in that dreary, pul verized Bavarian city. "Why, then, does he tarry? Full Documentation Is Required By answering that question, one can answer the other two I men tioned at the beginning of these lines. One: Why is this thing being dragged out forever. . . . ? Answer: Because this trial Is not merely a trial of a handful of inter national criminals. These evil vil lains are only a small part of the stroma if if 4s thov nnH nnt what U behind their castigation, which sometimes still produces headlines. The trial is a great proc ess of legal documentation. It is the recording of history, for the first time in history, of history written in blood, and ink hardly yet dry. It must be a complete rec ord; the record of a crime which, until it Is so recorded, may never be admitted as a crime in the eyes of international statesmen and lawyers. The Allied military tribunal (op eration Justice, as it was known In the army) was planned, and is be ing conducted to its long and appar ently infinite end for the purpose of blueprinting a legal precedent for holding as punishable criminals, the heads of states who plot and carry out aggressive warfare. That is the answer to question one. Question two; Are they ever go ing to convict these fellowsT I an swered that in part when I said that the proceedings were far more than the trials of the defend ants who sit daily In the prisoners' dock of the court bouse at Nuern berg, or in their lonely cells near by And for those who fear that Jus tice will be cheated, let me aay that most of those men. If it cannot be established that they took official part in the planning and execution of an aggressive war, are probably wanted on other charges in local courts. If they go free from Nuern berg, the local courts will try them, as the "Beast of Belaen" and oth ers were tried and convicted tor their separate and private crimes. It is possible, tor instance, that the sadistic, degenerate Stretcher, t Jew-baiting wielder of a jewelled whip that was a symbol of his psy chosis as well as an Instrument of his perverse desire, will not be con victed by the IMT. He is so low that his fellow prisoners won't speak to him; so crooked that even when he was a Gauleiter, he couldn't be trusted to sign a single order of national or International significance. He finally stole so much from the Nazi party itself that he was incarcerated. The Nuernberg trials will con tinue until the record li completed. Justice will not be cheated. And it is to be hoped that aggressive war, on the basis of the proceedings of this court, will become illegal. How can the United Nations hope to out law war unless they establish with sword, scales and woolsack that war is illegal? ? ? ? There is one war which will have my whole-hearted support though I hope it can be fought with brains and without bloodshed. Such a conflict was referred to* recently as a possibility by a writer in the New Republic. Perhaps it will be, he says, "as inevitable as was the Civil war within the United States." It would be in the nature of a civil war within the United Nations to establish the sov ereignty of the United Nations and preserve its unity, just as it was necessary to establish the sover eignty of the federal government of the United States and preserve the union. No other war is worth fighting because any other would merely be the continuation of all the sanguin ary struggles, unwanted by the peo ple, for the power and the glory of single nations. ? ? ? Washington Has Small Town Air Out at the doors of the still-unfin ished cathedral which crowns Washington's highest hill, through the court in a gentle rain that set the yews to weeping and the young leaves of the pnvet shining in aqueous green, the solemn proces sion movedi The President and his entourage, fine members of the Su preme court, the cabinet, the con gress, and the others slipped away as the family of Chief Justice Har lan Stone bore him gently to his last resting place in beautiful Rock Creek cemetery. Another great American had chosen the nation's capital where he served for two decades, as his long, last home. And I could not help thinking of something I have said before in these columns ? Pennsylvania ave nue, from the capital grounds to the Potomac, and past the White House, is only an extension of a thousand menu buccw, which run uirougn the "plaze," the "court house square," or the "commons," on past the First National bank and the opera house, the department store, and the ice cream parlor, to the free fields and woods beyond. So much a part of America is America's capital city, and so much a part of Washington ace all the towns and cities clustered about their rivers, their main streets, their city halls, and post offices, that when one long serves the nation here, it becomes his second home; often first in choice for his declin ing years and his last resting place. I am sure that former President and Chief Justice William Howard Taft loved his native Ohio no less than the federal city; here the bridge upon which he could be seen taking his daily walk now bears his name; he lies in Arlington with our other soldier dead. I know that retired Justice Hughes lacks no love or loyalty for the Empire state. Oliver Wendell Holmes, deeply rooted in New Eng land as he was, lived here, and when he died, bequeathed his home to the nation. These are but three of many who chose to live here when their duties no longer made it necessary. There is something about Wash ington, a city virtually without in dustries, or the other institutions which make a metropolis, that bears the mark of small-town America. Washington is the only capital of a great nation which is not that nation's metropolis. There is also something else about this big-little town which, for thousands of us who follow our humble ways here, make it home. My own prairies are as dear to me as ever, and I never cease to thrill when I move across the bor der and over the fat black soil of Illinois; I have warm memories of the mists that blow in from the Pacific too; the hills and the lake lands of western New York; New England's green-crested mountains and rocky coast where 1 have been more than a transient guest. But I can well understand how those who have moved along the quiet avenues of this city, whose vistas run far back into the begin nings of American history, choose this city beside the broad Potomac as their final home. ? BARBS... by Baukhage &The prophets of business say we're in tor a boom, everything's all right It's always a nice trip up. . . . What effect will the ClO-AFL bat tle to organise the south have on the consumer? Will they grow to the ? point where the innocent by-stand er starts to attract the flying brick 3 hats, as usual? mmaM.; a Maybe the inflation can be checked enough so that it doean't blow the balloon of prosperity apart before a gentler landing can be arranged. ? ? ? An almost human canine on ? leash la better than an almost por cine human on the loose. There are plenty of both around. COMPLICATIONS FOB BIG FOUR . . . While the Big Four conference in Paris faces many difficult problems involving treaties and claims and boundaries, the Turkish situation presents future complications. In the dark areas shown are the three buffer states of the Near East and Middle East. Here the strategic and economic interests of Bnssia and the western powers meet. Control of the Dardanelles is a vital issue and Bussia has sought to press claims on Turkey's eastern frontiers. Arrows on the map show how use of the straits cuts 3,000 miles from the supply line to Bnssia. At the opening sessions the Big Four sidestepped the troublesome Trieste and Italian colonial questions and began the consideration of the Italian-French frontier, the siie of Italy's future armed strength and disposal of her surplus shipping. France's proposal to add in ternationalization of the Ruhr and detachment of the Bhineland from Germany to the agenda, added further complications. British Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin caused another upset by insisting that Belgian, Dutch and Luxembourg representatives be permitted to sit in on such negotiations as spokesmen for nations which suffered heavily through German aggression. TO INVESTIGATE FRANCO'S GOVERNMENT . . . Committee of the V. N. security council which will in vestigate the charges that Generalissimo Franco's government in Spain is a menace to world peace and security. Left to right: Oscar Lange, Poland; Henri Bonnet, France; Pedro Velloso, Brazil; Paul Hasluck, Australia, and Hsushi Shu, China. YOUNGSTERS STUDY AT FBI ACADEMY . . . Kenny Rom, Dick Little and Hugh McMahon, cab icoota of FaDa Chnreh, Va., look over a small seetisa of the bnge "model city" which is pert of the equipment used by the FBI national academy in teaching traffic problems to special FBI aad local police from all oyer the nation who come to learn modern police science. Thousands of youngsters yisit the FBI monthly. MOST VALUABLE . . . Baseball's most valuable players. Phi] Cav arretta, Chieafo Cuba, left, was chosen as the National leasee's most valuable player tu IMS, and Hal Newhouser, Detroit, won the award tor the mast valuable player to American league. Both jmen show , promise at being leading ceutendera tar the high honor this seasea. TEA TIME FOB TRILBY . . . Trilby, leader of the elephant herd of the Kiafliac Brothers and Barnaul and Bailey circus, shows his latest tea cnp. GREEN FOR OPA . . . William Green, president of the AFL, told the senate banking committee that those who opposed extension of the OPA were ? "death lobby." He demanded It be eontinned intact. SENATORS URGE RULE CHANGE WASHINGTON.?Ten *enato re Democrats and Republicans?got together secretly the other day to study that most sacred of all sacred cows?senate rules. Behind their meeting was the conviction that die hard Dixie Democrats can block any measure they oppose via the fili buster, and that the majority must rule if democracy is to function in the U. S. A. The secret meeting took place aft er senators received a flood of let- I ters both for and against the at tempt by Wayne Morse, Oregon Re publican, to secure passage of the anti-poll tax bill through unani mous consent of the senate. Only senators on the floor at the time Morse attempted this strategy were Morse himself and Republican Wil liam Langer of North Dakota. Liberal Democrat Warren Mag nuson of Seattle, Wash., was pre siding. Had he immediately asked senators if there was objection, there would have been none and the anti-poll tax bill would have passed. Morse had identified the bUl only bv number, so Maenuson did not at once recognize it. But, even if he had, probably he would have hesitated to pass a controversial bill without debate. He was rescued from this dilem ma by Senator Ernest MacFarland, Arizona Democrat, who quickly came to the floor and objected. Since then, senate mail has been strong with letters both objecting to the Morse attempt as trickery and supporting Morse on the ground that this strategy was no more un fair than the filibuster. Regardless of the above mer its, a bipartisan group of ten senators has determined that senate rules mnst be changed. They seek to limit debate on any single bill to ten days, . which would bring up the anti poll tax bill, already passed by the house, before the senate re cesses. They are thinking also of bringing up legislation to cre ate a permanent FEPC?provid ed they succeed in winning their amendment to the senate rules. The ten senators are: Democrats ?Pepper (Fla.) Magnuson (Wash.), Guffey (Pa.), Glen Taylor (Idaho), Huffman (Ohio), Kilgore (W. Va.), and Mead (N. Y.); Republicans? Ferguson (Mich.), Knowland (Cal.) and Capper (Kan.). ? ? ? FINAL PEARL HARBOR REPORT Believe it or not, but the .long delayed reports on the Pearl Har bor investigation at last are being whipped into shape. They will not be-published until around June, but here is the inside story on how the final verdict is shaping up. The Democratic majority on the committee, led by Senator Alben Barkley of Kentucky, will absolve the two top military leaders in Washington?Gen. George Marshall and Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Harold R. Stark?of major responsi bility. They will receive some minor rebukes, especially for poor co-ordination of army and navy .in telligence; but nothing serious. Democratic members of the committee also will absolve the state department of any blame and will let major blame rest where the original Roberts re port contended it belonged?on the shoulders of army and navy commanders in the Hawaiian area?General Short and Ad miral Kimmel. Republican members of the com ! mittee will file a sharply worded minority report upholding Short and V;rv-.v-w.nl an/1 /.hni-mn^ /IN iL.t C?1 . , aMsaaaaics Biiu WK?5UI{ \ i / UWI OllUIl and Kimmel weren't sufficiently ad vised by Washington about inter ' cepted Jap messages presaging the Pearl Harbor attack; and (2) that the two officers weren't provided with enough long - range patrol planes to spot the Jap fleet. ? ? < j PATTON'S DIARY The war's stormiest hero. Gen 1 George S. Patton, was the center ot many a controversy before he died But today the war department ii still sitting on one of the hottest o: Patton's hot potatoes?the general'i secret diary. Only a few people in the war department and the Patton fam ily know it, hot the famous gen eral kept a careful diary all dur ing the Normandy campaign. Jotting down his frank com ments about the Allies and even about his superior officers. Some of the comments Just about burned up the page. General Patton especially pai< his compliments to the famous Brit ish field marshal, Montgomery whom he criticized with almost thi same bluntness as the soldier in th< Sicilian hospital whom he slapped ? e ? CRIPS FROM A GRANITE LIFE Most people have forgotten, but i was Harlan Stone to whom the na tion owes a debt for picking J. Ed gar Hoover as head of the FBI When Stone became attorney ger eral, he swept out Burns and select ed a young career man. Hoover, t take his place. No one had eve heard of Hoover before. . . . 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The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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May 16, 1946, edition 1
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