The Alamance Gleaner ? VOL. LXXII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1946 No. 3$ WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Nazi Bigwigs Await Sentence; Dewey Faces Mead in Strategic Race for Governor in New York " Released by Western Newspaper Union. (EDITOR'S NOTE: When eplalens ere expressed la these eelorans. they are these ml Western Newspaper (Jalea's news analysts and aet necessarily ml this newspaper.) Searching (or mines of the type that blew up transport scheduled to carry illegal Jewish immigrants to Palestine to detention camp on Cyprus, British combed seaside settlement of S'Dotl^Tam. Tommy is shown tapping floor of nursery in quest for hidden cache. WAR CRIMINALS: Germany Defiant to the last, Nazi bigwigs awaited sentence on war crimes aft er a 10-month trial at Nuernberg. Winding up the lengthy case, in which 3,000 documents were intro duced and 5,000,000 words of testi mony taken, former Reichsmarshal Goering denounced the allies for ac cusing the German leaders alone of violations of international law; ex Foreign Minister Von Ribbentrop ripped the prosecution for refusal to admit as evidence an alleged warning by Churchill that Germany would be destroyed if she became too strong, and Finance Minister Schacht pleaded he had tried to avert the war. Japan Counsel for 27 high Japanese lead ers on trial for war crimes in Tokyo was thrown into a dither by the rev elation that officials of the war de partment had misused confidential information to tip off the prosecu tion on its strategy. Knowledge that counsel would claim Japan was forced into the war by America's diplomatic moves and economic sanctions was radioed to the prose cution and accidentally fell into the hands of the defense. Philippines Concluding three days of fiery ora tory before the people's court for his release on bail, Jose Laurel, Fil ipino puppet ruler under the Jap anese charged with collaboration, declared everyone had worked for the enemy out of fear or other mo tives. Mentioning Japanese money, Laurel shouted that it was in gen eral circulation throughout the na tion and therefore everyone who ac cepted it had assisted the Nip ponese. AUTO OUTPUT: Hits Lag In calling a press conference in Detroit, Mich., C. E. Wilson, presi dent of General Motors corpora tion, presented the company's case against both the government and workers for the serious lag in auto production. Pointing out that G.M. had turned out only 400,000 cars and trucks in the year following V-J Day instead of the 1,400,000 scheduled, Wilson charged the Truman administration with having attempted to appease labor unions by taking the lid oS wages while at the same time stating that price increases were unnecessary. As a result, manu facturers were "put in the nutcrack er," he averred. Although G.M. has 88,000 more employees on its payroll than in 1941, production is about half, Wil son said. Tests on relative jobs have shown that worker productiv ity is about 80 per cent of the pre war rate. Refusal of employees to extend themselves, a high ab senteeism rate, inexperience and a large turnover partly due to the ease in collecting unemployment compensation all have contributed to the inefficiency. Wilson declared. HOUSING: Fear New Obstacle ?' Having trimmed commercial construction and tightened alloca tion of materials to speed up the veterans' emergency bousing pro gram, Hotising Expediter Wilson W. Wyatt feared a prospective labor shortage as a new obstacle to the rapid erection of dwellings. Revealing his apprehensions in his August report on the vet hous ing situation, Wyatt indicated that the government would strive to head off the latest bogeyman with an intensive recruiting and appren tice training program. Despite a pickup in new building in July, Wyatt disclosed in his re port, the emergency housing pro gram is lagging behind the an nounced goal of 1,200,000 homes and apartments for this year. During the first seven months of 1946, 607,100 new dwellings were start ed and 287,100 completed. NEW YORK: Election Battle Gov. Thomas E. Dewey's renoml nation as the Republican candidate ior re-eieciion in November, and Sen. James M. Mead's selection as the Democratic choice for the of fice, promised to make New York one of the strategic political battle grounds for the 1948 presidential race. In naming Mead, Governor Dewey me uemocrais pushed one of their strongest stand ard-bearers into the flght to capture the governmental apparatus of the all-important empire state and at Senator Mead i xi e same lime squelch Dewey's aspirations for the White House. The son of Irish immi grants, who got his start in life as a water carrier for a railroad section gang, Mead has made an impres sive record in the senate, particularly as head of the war investigating committee. That Dewey hoped to make the impending gubernatorial race a springboard tor the 1948 presiden tial run was seen in his strong casti gation of the Truman administration for "bungling and confusion" in his renomination speech. As the par ty lines were being drawn for battle, Dewey stood as the favorite to win because of his administrative rec ord in office. NAVY: To Provide Comforts One could almost have heard the rattle down in Davey Jones' locker when the navy announced that it was air-conditioning the new cruis ers, Salem and Newport News, to determine the best kind of equip ment for eventually cooling all of its ships. In announcing the navy's plans for providing additional comfort for crews on the bounding main, Vice Adm. Edward L. Cochrane, chief of the bureau of ships, emphasized that air-conditioning had proved in valuable in boosting morale and fighting efficiency in combat. Various types of new air-condi tioning equipment will be used in the tests in the new 17,000-ton cruisers, with the cool air transmit ted into all living and working com partments save machinery areas where the heat is too intense. Sim plified coils will be shockproof and easily cleaned, it eras said. VFW: Ask Vet Aid Adoption of resolutions calling for increased benefits to World War I vets and satisfaction of domestic needs first before providing for those of other nations highlighted the Veterans of Foreign Wars na tional encampment in Boston, Mass. Congress was urged to authorize pensions for World War I vets for old age and disability, with pay ments made for the latter regard less of whether the disabilities re sulted from military duty. Such payments are made to Spanish American war vets. The government was asked to halt shipments of food to former enemy countries as long as any American was unable to obtain sufficient food stuffs to maintain proper health. A protest was raised against deliver ies of grain abroad at the expense of U. S. brewers while beer was being imported from England, Bel gium and Holland. Other resolutions called for the trial of Yugoslav airmen who shot down American fliers; support of the Anglo-American recommenda tions for admission of 100,000 Jews to Palestine, and condemnation of the practice of awarding actors combat awards for troop entertain ment. FOREIGN RELATIONS: Russ Rap Envoy From Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the Federated Press dispatched a story which read in part: 'Information has reached nere ... of a sensational war mongering speech delivered . . . in Buenos Aires by George S. Messersmith, V. S. ambassa dor to Argentina. Messersniith's ' speech, a so-called "off-the-ree ord" affair at a meeting of the American Legion post in Buenos Aires, pictured war between the U. S. and Soviet onion as in evitable. ..." Quick to respond to the alleged address, Pravda, the Communist party organ in Moscow, opined that the state department had sanc tioned Messersmith's talk, thus di rectly charging this government with a hostile attitude. Pravda declared that Messersmith had said that his views were shared by high er-ups. In Washington, Undersecretary of State William L. Clayton asserted that Messersmith had denied cate gorically that he had said war with Russia was sure to come. MARITIME: Big Walkout Government authorities pressed hard to settle the walkout of 43,000 AFL seamen and avert a crippling strike of all 500,000 members of AFL and CIO maritime unions in sympathy with their protest over a wage stabilization board ruling nullifying substantial wage in creases. / The trouble developed when the WSB ruled that ship owners were entitled to apply for rate increases only on the basis of monthly wage boosts of $17.50 as established in the settlement of the threatened CIO walkout. The operators had grant ed the Seamen of the Pacific a monthly hike of $22.50 and the Sea farers International Union $27.50. In backing the AFL walkout. Big Joe Curran, CIO maritime leader, was quoted as saying wage boosts for any union were good for other workers in the industry. CIO big wigs were said to feel that success of the AFL organizations in crack ing the industry's wage pattern would lead to readjustments of their own contracts to iron out inequali ties. INDIA: Showdown Ominously the Moslem newspa per Dawn of New Delhi lament*, c.: "India finds itself turned into a prison boose for Moslems. The prison keepers must be overcome. The art of gentle persuasion having failed, the hard road of resistance alone remains." Even as the words were being written, bloody rioting, engendered by the initiation of a Hindu-dom inated interim government, raged in Bombay. Following the pattern of costly outbreaks in Calcutta, mobs of Moslems and Hindus in vaded opposing neighborhoods, knifed and beat their victims, smashed shops and homes and loot ed property. With such violent rjpts long pre dicted by the British in the event of their surrender of political con trol of the country, leaders of the large Hindu majority welcomed the ' outbreaks at the very inception of ] the Dew independent government as a test of their ability to maintain order. The Moslems, on the other hand, appeared equally determined ' to press the issue for "Pakistan," a 1 Moslem state within India. Editor's Note: While Winehell is on vacation, Jack Lait is act ing as guest columnist. Newt Nuggett? v A former screen star, who made a fortune, lists her youthful hus band, on her income tax question naire, as a dependent. . . . The only Rolls-Royce in Saratoga belongs to Mrs. Leo Best, of our Hotel Plaza. ; . . . My item, that the Warner-Joan Crawford contract is unsigned, was verified to me. The reason: Joan I demands a clause that her every 1 picture be released within six i months. "Humoresque" is being ' held back because the studio wants it in competition for next year's Os car awards. . . Walter Florell, the : hat designer, won't break through his OPA ceiling?only $100. . . . The Windsors check in at the Waldorf, Oct. 1. . . . Jimmy Savo is seri ously ill in a Los Angeles hospital. . . . The much-sought Nijinsky is reported in Vienna. . . . Lew Ayres will be best man for Jennifer Holt and Bill Blackwell, Sept. 25. New York's newest fabulous party thrower Is Dick CoweD. I don't remember seeing his name in print before. He has a Park Ave. home that?well, he entertains JM guests at one time. And that's almost night ly. .. . He goes in for gold in a big way ? dishes, trappings, even bis personal toilet articles. . . . One guest swiped his all gold nailflle recently. . . . Please return; no questions asked. A Crisis b Imminent in the domes tic affairs of the John Jacob Astors. . . . Virgo, the model, calling it all a mistake after one week of mar riage. . . . Midtown hotels are still clearing out permanent guests; some refuse to rent rooms that can accommodate two as singles? at less than the double rate. . . . Platinum, up from $60 to $90 an ounce, will go to $120, jewelers an ticipate. . . . Swedish fllmagnate Gustav Walley is here to line up acting talent. . . . Faith Dorn, How ard Hughes' movie protege, whose name he spent a fortune to bally hoo, will be billed in Preston Stur ges' "Vendetta" as Faith Domergue. ,. . . . Col. Charles Lindbergh is oc cupied with a new scientific experi ment, nothing to do with aviation. Beatrice Kay stops me to dab her eyes with a hankie and say, "I'm mourning for a dear friend, who just went to Ids eter nal rest?he got a political job tn Washington!" John Boles, ex-screen star, has come back?as a floorshow singer. His click at the Arrowhead Inn brought him a string of cabaret of fers. . . . Lew Lehr, the comical clown, bought the 66-acre Colonial mansion of the late Col. E. R. Brad ley at New Canaan, Conn. . . . June Havoc ia in again for a plastic? her third, or is it fourth? This one is a dilly, I hear?to remove rings from under her eyes I . . . Three months ago, James Barry, bariton ing at the Havana-Madrid, ran an elevator in the Paramount Bldg. . . . Bee Palmer, A1 Siegel's first wife and first star, after a 20-year chill, came to him to say she would stand by him in any threatened litigation. . . . . The Tommy Farrells (he's Glenda's actor son) have their final decree. Jerome WUdberg, prodaeer, has never tasted liquor ia his life. He had to make a phone call and had nothing smaller than a (5 bin. He went Into a cheap groggery, ordered whisky which he didn't touch, handed over the bin. As be waited for the change, a Insh pot his arm on his shoulder and boarsed: "Ton know, we're a couple o' damned fools!" (And with that he passed oat.) Sen. James Mead is in for a de cisive trouncing by Gov. Tom Dewey in his forthcoming race for gover nor of New York. ... I raise my former prediction of a 300,000 ma jority to 800,000. . . . Ex-Gov. Her bert Lehman, foremost contender for the Democratic nomination to Mead's senate seat, ran scarcely overcome such a sweep, although he is expected to run 200,000 to 250, 000 ahead of Mead. . . . Gen. Hugh A. Drum, apparently Dewey's choice, is an unknown in politics, a regular army man, commissioned by President McKinley when his fa ther, a captain, was killed in the Spanish-American war. ... As a campaigner he has no record, and it is difficult to predict what sort of individual showing he will make. Romantic Pacific Isles Prove Lure to Many Ex-Servicemen NAMES REMEMBERED Jungle Is Creeping Back On Historic War Sites Guadalcanal, Hollandia, Man-4 us, Tarawa, Kwajalein, Iwo Jima, Okinawa?all were but spots on a map of the Pacific (a large-scale chart at that) until American soldiers, sailors and marines battled and bled there on their long march to victory in World War II. By dint of sheer manpower, many of them became bases hacked out of the wilderness of the Jungle. Now, only a year after the war clouds have cleared, many of them are creeping back to their jungle vastness. Guadalcanal, site of America's first major land stand against the Jap invaders, has slipped back into obscurity. British civil officials once more rule the Solomon Island bas tion and far-famed Henderson Field is quiet except tor an occasional plane. Airfield Disappears. The remorseless jungle is recon quering the big airfield hacked out by the Americans at Buna, New Guinea. Few signs of conflict remain on battle - scarred Kwajalein.. Developed as a major base In closing days ot the war, It also served as an advance base for the atomic-bomb tests. At Tarawa, one of the costliest battlefields of the Pacific, a small navy garrison maintains the air base, but it may be decommissioned soon. The name, Leyte, where Gen. Douglas MacArthur kept his pledge to return to the Philippines, is kept alive by the navy, which maintains a major base there. The bay teems with activity, an airfield, air depot, hospital, radio station and naval re pair yards being located there. Manila Is Shambles. Manila, most dramatic battle ground of the war. still is In shabby ruins. Army trucks and jeeps wind through the streets, past heaps of rubble cleared from the thorough fares and gaunt frames of cnce beautiful buildings. Tourists gaze in awe at the maze of rubble in the Walled City; historic battles!te. Waves lap the wrecked and rusting landing craft which lit ter the shoreline at Iwo Jima, a volcanic stepping stone In the march to Tokyo. The American flag still flutters from Mount Snrabaehl, far a small garri son maintains a relatively un important air base on Iwo. In less than two years, Guam has become the most powerful navy base in the distant Pacific. Of all tha Mid-Pacific bases, it alone POPULAR PASTIME . . . Most popular diversion (or sailors la the Pacific was the hala show. has taken on an air of permanency. Okinawa, at Japan's southern threshold, still lives in much of the misery that war left. Army air forces and navy bases are main tained on the island. Naha, capital city, ia a wilderness of destruction, and sunken ships stud Buckner bay. Kahoolawe Ranks Most Bombarded Island In Pacific Ask any veteran of the Pacific warfare which bastion was the "most shot at island" during World War II and he'll probably answer Saipan, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, Tara wa or one of the other Japanese strongholds. But that dubious distinction be longs to the small, desolate, insig nificant, waterless, uninhabited is land of Kahoolawe in the Hawaiian chain. Former smugglers' haven, the island, only eight miles by five and of rugged terrain, has been re duced to a mass of rubble by countless shells and bombs. The explanation is that naval and marine forces used Kahoolawe, un inhabited and commercially worth less, as a testing ground for theories of naval gunfire support of landing forces. More than 800 ships, ranging from small amphibious craft to battle wagons, poured thousands upon thousands of rounds into Kahoo lawe's barren sides. The tiny island took a greater shelling than either Iwo^Jima or Okinawa, where naval gunfire reached its peak in the Pa cific. 10,000 Navy Men Take Discharges \ At Island Bases Long heralded in song and film as the land of beauty and ro mance, glamour and adventure, the myriad islands of the Pacific left a lasting imprint on thou sands of American servicemen whose war duties gave themi their first glimpse of the palm fringed and coral-studded atolls. The romantic lure of these Pacific isles already has drawn nearly 10, 000 discharged American navy men, who have decided not to go home after the war's end. The navy department reports that 9,372 navy men who were sta tioned on Pacific islands daring the war have received special authority to be demobilised at their stations instead of returning to the United States for discharge. All were required to have Jobs or some other source of income before this permission was granted. Moot of the voluntary ex-patriates have obtained civil service emptoymeat in the military government, the navy announces. Others have Jobs in private enterprises, mainly in Ha waii and the Philippines. Some sailors have "raws na tive" ? marrying native girts aad deciding to make their per manent homes an awe at the is lands. A few were reported interested in starting commercial enterprises W1ULU UlliAJI I WUUMUUCt UU1 ?UK goods from the United States. Pri vate business has been impeded, however, because of the relative scarcity at radios, automobiles, re frigerators and other durable goods. Look for Retreat. Occasionally the navy department receives a wistful letter bom a for mer sailor or marine, discouraged by peacetime conditions at home, asking if there is a little island in the Pacific he can buy inexpensive ly for a retreat "to get away bom it all." ? As during the war, Americans find a warm reception an mast at the islands of the Pacific. Almost with out exception the natives regarded the United States as their defender and liberator, and now they srait hopefully tor the return at the men they saw during the war. The Americans brought a taste at modernity and at big enterprise to the peoples at the island groups. The natives saw a picture at the United States as a place at vast wealth and immense physical re sources. The huge quantities at materials which moved through these places made an indelible im pression on the people. Revelation at United States stand ards of comfort, of transportation, at eating and of public health has giv en the natives an incentive to move forward. Americans were friendly, and generally there was immediate response to this offer at friendship. FOND MEMORIES . .. The romantic allure of PaclBe tales Is drawing many ex-servicemen hack to the *??* of palm trees, coral beaches and hula girls. The nary Itself has discharged nearly lt.Mt sailors at PaciRe bases because the men decided not to go home after war's end. ONE OUT OF FOUR High School Graduates Flock to Army NEW YORK.?On# of ever; four boy# graduated from high achool this year either has joined the army or has indicated his intention of doing so, it is disclosed in an army enlistment survey. The survey was taken in connection with thy cam paign to secure a million enlist ments. Army life still holds an element of adventure for youth, the survey indicates, as about 22 per cent of the approximate 900,000 volunteers so far were in the 17 to 14-year-old age bracket Former army men constituted 13 per cent of the total, although that category is diminishing. Largest single group, about 65 per cent, represent men already in the army who signed up (or extended service. Many responding te the sar vey reported that they consid ered the army a "better deal" than a civilian's )eb, especially since the pay baa been in creased materially. Others expressed a desire to join the army because it provides a "chance to learn." In addition to army training, soldiers Joining the regular army at this time are eligi ble to secure a collage education jnder the extended G.I. Bill at Flights. With the goal of a million enlist ments in sight, the army now is planning a new approach?? search for quality. Maj. Gen. Harold N. Gilbert, assistant to the adjutant general for military personnel pro eurement, said the army soon would 5e putting quality above all; that the service wanted men who could ab sorb the technical training neces sary for soldiers who must deal with electronics, chemistry, communica Lions, intelligence, languages, civil administration, high speed aviation snd the other factors of ? scientific irmy in the atomic age.