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The Alamance Gleaner VOL. LXXII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1946 Na 38 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Press for Timber Conservation; Red Bloc Hits Italo Peace Pact; Greece Wracked by Inflation Released by Western Newspaper Union iEDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these colamns, they are those ef Western Newspaper Unlen's news analysts and net necessarily el this aewspaper.) ^p * nut mum qwuttkef ? 'R J*? **?**" ? ??? ! ?IW MUST as a ??. rmTnnMsr ?n- I awua mast wT HUH rOUMC LAHI , <ww?? filiTS ?2V I IAMB RACKS -2S Lest the reader become too excited, the above is a reproduction of an advertisement that appeared in a Toronto, Canada, newspaper. Indicating an abundance of meat in the dominion, ads of this type are a common sight in Canada. TIMBER: Debate Control Government versus private con trol of the 345 million acres of pri vately owned timber-land occupied delegates to the first congress of the American Forestry associatien since 1905. The deed for some sort of ef fective management of the nation's lumber resources is pointed up by an 11 per cent drop in reserves since 1938. Calling for government control of private timber-land, comprising 57 per cent of the forest area in the U. S., Secretary of Agriculture An derson stated that current annual lumber cutting exceeds new growth by 50 per cent. Because of the steady reduction in reserves, the to tal now stands at a low of 1 tril lion, 601 billion board feet. Samuel T. Dana, dean of the school of forestry of the University of Mich igan, pushed the so-called Higgins Lake proposals for private manage ment drawn up earlier this year by 18 forestry and conservation experts at Higgins Lake, Mich. Justifying private operations, the proposals called for an intensive educational campaign to emphasize importance of timber resources to the nation's welfare. PARIS: Italian Pact Following a pitched warning from Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov against the division of the world into eastern and western blocs, the Paris peace conference approved the proposed ; treaty for Italy. Because it consid- j ered the treaty opposed I to the interests of its I Yugoslav ally, Russia led the bitter flght Molotov against adoption of the pact. Championing Yugoslavia's cause, Molotov shouted that Russia would not permit the western pow ers to dictate to the "new Slavic democracies," and reiterated Len in's axiom that "a people which takes its destiny into its own hands is invincible." The Russian bloc's objections to the treaty centered against estab lishment of a strong, neutral gov ernor for the key port of Trieste, and creation of a new Italo-Yugoslav border. A strong governor would deprive the mixed Italian-Yugoslav popula tion of its self-rule, Molotov declared in calling for a powerful constitu- ( ent assembly. An alliance of Italian Yugoslav Communists would have given the Reds control of the stra tegic city. 1 The new Italo-Yugoslav border leaves the Slovene population of Go- i rizia and the Isonzo valley in Italy 1 as a racial minority, Yugoslavia 1 charged. MEAT: i Predict Plenty i In pressing the administration to I decontrol livestock, the beef indus- \ try advisory committee declared t that there were sufficient cattle in t the country to meet the require- J ments of the next 12 months but < they were being kept from market 1 because of price inequities. \ 1 Citing department of agriculture statistics, the committee said there were 80 million head of cattle ' and calves on farms Jan. 1, of which 1 40 million were available for meat. 0 Despite heavy marketings this sum- 1 tner, 92 million head of cattle were ? available fbr meat by Sept. 24-30 J Estimating that supplies trill be * fully IS per cent abtfre require- * ments, the committee concluded that there would be 72.5 pounds of beef and veal per person from Oct. 1, 1946, to Oct. 1, 1947. This com pares with 60.6 pounds per capita in the 15 year prewar base period. GREECE: / nflation-Ridden With goods and "hard" money scarce, inflation is riding high in Greece. A full meal without wine now costs more than $4 and second hand clothing sells at $150 to $200 and shoes at $30. As in all inflation-ridden countries, the dollar commands a premium in national exchange. While the offi cial rate is 500 drachmas to the dol lar, speculators offer as much as 6,500 drachmas for a dollar. By sell ing dollars, then reconverting their drachmas to U. S. currency again, Americans can make a pretty profit. Indicative of the Greek govern ment's desire for "hard" money, employees of the American embas sy who are paid in gold flown from the U. S. receive 17,000 drachmas per dollar. This is three times the ordinary official rate. Because there is no food rationing or price control over staple items, Greek white collar workers paid on fixed salaries are especially hit. To procure essentials, they must deal in the black market, make connec tions with government or business officials, or sell personal belongings. WAGES: Production Bonus In addressing the American Man agement association in Boston, F. D. Newbury, vice president of West inghouse Electric corporation, ad vanced a new formula for keeping postwar wages and prices within bounds. Newbury's plan calls for main taining basic wage and salary rates at their present level and payment to employees of additional income in proportion to increased volume of production, ability to pay and ef ficiency of the individual organiza tion. Stating that the proposal could not be called a profit-sharing plan, he said that the bonus payments would be considered as part of operating costs, with employees entitled to the maximum a company could afford to pay. Terming the plan highly flexible, Newbury said that an en terprise could easily readjust its wages if business declined. ARMY: Charge Misconduct Claiming that he possessed infor mation involving highly placed army officials connected with the Nazi war crimes trials of miscon duct with wives of the prosecuted bigwigs, Sen. Hugh B. Mitchell [Dem., Wash.) revealed his inten tion of asking the senate war inves tigating committee to make a full blown inquiry into the charges. Mitchell declared that he had aeen informed that Frau von Schi rach, wife of the Hitler youth leader vho received 20 years, was one of he wives of the Nazi leaders who vas guest of honor at champagne larties allegedly thrown by the ac- < ?used army officials. Wives of high 5.S. officers under investigation for 1 ear crimes also were invited to the 'dimly lit" drinking jousts. i The senator stated that he had j >een informed that Heinrich Holt- i nan, former personal photographer | if Adolf Hitler, served as a go-be- < ween for the women and U. S. of- ' icials. Detained to identify prom- ] nent Nazis, Hoffman was said to | e in the pay of the American gov- < mment. , RELIGION: Urges Action Declaring that the church must show cause for its continued exist ence and promote the interests of all classes of society, the Rev. Dr. Oscar F. Blackwelder of the execu tive council of the United Lutheran church outlined a broad program for aggressive action at the denom ination's convention in Cleveland. On the home front, Dr. Blackweld er said the church must: ?Overcome economic and social injustices, with the watphword be ing abundance for all rather than scarcity for profit. ?Promote equality for racial and religious minorities and see that ev ery qualified person has the right to vote. ?Emphasize the dignity of the in dividual to offset the cheapening factor of the wholesale loss of life in war and postwar cruelties. On the international front, Dr. Blackwelder called for continuation of U. S. relief from its comparative abundance, promotion of good-will among peoples of the world, and cultivation of the spirit of forgive ness to advance reconciliation. WORLD FORCE: Fond Hope In resigning as senior American representative on the United Na tions military committee, which is engaged in drawing up plans for a world police force, Gen. George C. Kenny declared that such an or ganization was the only assurance of peace but it may take years and years to accomplish. Desire for security and protection of national sovereignty are the two most formidable obstacles to forma tion of a world force, the general said. , Large standing armies are no as surance of permanent security, Kenny declared. As for national sovereignty, he cited the sacrifice of individual authority of the 13 American colonies for participation in an all-powerful federal union ded icated to the interest of all. To achieve real security, peace loving nations must be persuaded to permit passage of international troops over their border to meet an aggressor and contribute to a world force, Kenny stated. Having re signed to become commanding gen eral of the strategic air command, Kenny will be succeeded as senior U. S. representative by Adm. Rich mond Kelly Turner. Record Sardine Haul Protein-hungry Americana seemed to be assured of good supplies of sardines as fishermen scored a rec ord haul on opening day of the Pa cific coast season. Jap-American crew members of the "Nancy Rose," operating oat of Los Angeles, are shown with their portion of the initial catch of 8,MO tons. The West Indies are the other source of sar dines in the Americas. ITALY: Riot in Rome Angered by plans of the public works department to lay off help at a project, 30,000 Italian workers surged onto Viminale palace in . Rome and waged a stormy protest against the action. Armed with car bines and sabers, police battled to hold off the mob, with truckloads of troops summoned to provide re inforcements. While police were able to hold off most of the throng from the palace, some demonstrators broke into the building and moved as far as Pre mier Alcide de Gasperi's office, wrecking furniture as they went along. Meanwhile, the premier just arrived in Rome after attending the first post-fascism press convention. Jolted by the uprising, which cost several lives and injured over 100 l>ersons, government officials attrib uted the riot to hostile political forces trying to embarrass the mod erate De Gasperi's coalition regime. Plough admitting plans to lay off i lelp, the government asserted that it was negotiating to absorb the dis eharged workers on other pro)- j sets I New York's Black Magic There la a vibrant hush alongside streets when midnight puts on its negligee. . . . The canyons are packed tight with silence extending as far as the ear can reach. . . . Restless breezes hold a whispered tete-a-tete as they hum around cor ners. . . . Darkened windows are whitewashed with moonshine, and the luminous buildings stand like frozen ghosts. . . . Street lamps poke fingers of light through the inky night. . . . Stillness grips the atmosphere in a lover's embrace. . . . The sinister beauty of ebony silence prowls the streets searching for the dreams of poets. Central Park spills its scenic treasure in the dark. . . . Fallen leaves frolic with balmy winds?in dulging in their whackrobatics. . . . Trees drip with greenery. . . . Wind ing roads are disturbed only by the metallic gargle of passing cars. . . . Sometimes it's so quiet?you can hear the castenets of crick ets. . . . Spacious lawns are patches of natural beauty in the stone and steel landscape. . . . The surrounding skyline is coated with moonglow. . . . Flashlights of petrol ing park police turn on and off like giant fireflies. The Main Stem during the pre dawn hours settles down to a para lytic pace. Its bonfire of activity has been quenched and only tiny flickers of energy remain. When the mazda display is snuffed out?the street's shallow gayety vanishes like dreams. . . . The Grandest Can yon is cushioned with calm while it patiently waits for the soundless crack of dawn. There are always humans haunt ing the town from midnight to sun rife. Many of them are rootless people, withering and waiting for zeros. . . . Many are sinful and shameless. Most are the homeless and the lonely, who have found life a continual war. The serenity of night seems to offer them a little peace. It's so qoiet you can hear the crisp rustle of newspaper pages be ing turned. Or your car's motor purr. . . . Night workers gaze through leaden-lidded orbs and swap empty stares. ... A gust of wind heralds the approach of a bus or trolley as they wreck the wall of silence. . . . Cleaners sweep the littered pavements ? the swish swish-swish of brooms and hose pro viding an accompaniment for a symphony of boredom. Harlem usually Is brimming with excitement. That sector never stops to catch its breath. Some of its streets are as busy during the mid dle-of-the-night as they are at noon. . . . Though Harlem is plagued by poverty, there are more amusement spots here than in any other part of town. . . . Trouble-makers pour from bars. . . . Police cars snake in and out of the 28th precinct, where 100,000 poverty-stricken peo ple are bunched in a square mile. Night-clubbers who swept into places like squirts of seltzer ? now exit with all the fizz taken out of them. . . . The doorman appears to be the only one whose face isn't smudged with fatigue. . . . And there is always the glum sight of a lady lush looking as though she had stepped out of a nightmare. . . . Peo ple trying to clutch a little merri ment with noisy desperation. Throughout the night there are xtd keddikters who are (tarring in their own tawdry aideshow. . . .Un fortunates taking an inventory of garbage cans, trying to find some tiling that might be of value. The (oft ehill of early morning is 1 gnored by lovers as they wrap [ themselves in the warmth of their romance. Here is Paradise in ' ! iction. . . . Peace is here and life a a waltz. Their persona] fortress )f blue skies and stars shuts out he grim headlines. Castles-in-the lir are furnished with bright lopes. . . . Whispers unfold the old < -but thrilling tale. ... In a world I where hate, famine and violence I ire common disasters ? lovers ?ngaged in a lingering goodnight in ' he quiet streets of a Big City?rep- I -esent a miniature miracle. I i When the elty is drowsy with 1 lawn the sky is jubilant with vivid lues. . . . Stars fade and the rouged 1 oes of sunrise start to pull them selves over the horizon. . . . This ' s the serene instant when light and ] larknesa wed. . . . The marriage narks the start of a pricelcaa heri age?the birth of a now day. 1 Red Feather Flown as Symbol In Social Service Fund Drives Badge Is Beacon Of Hope To Sick, Weary, Homeless For centuries the red feath er has been accepted as a badge of courage and generosity. Robin Hood awarded red feath ers to his followers for heroic and generous deeds; outstand ing Indian braves often were the recipients of red feather awards for feats of valor and acts of kindness. This year, in cities throughout the United States, the Red Feather will mean hope for the sick, homeless and friendless. Community Chests of the country have adopted the Red Feather to designate services to or phans, the aged, the blind, crippled children and the sick. In previous yesrs the welfare fund raising organizations from coast to coast have been known by a vari ety of names and their symbols have been many and varied. In 1940, for the first time, practically all of them are known as Community Chests and all fly the Red Feather. Many Join Movement. Last year, 849 cities in the coun try raised close to a quarter billion dollars through community fund raising campaigns. These cities each conducted a single campaign to raise funds to support multiple wel fare agencies. It was In Cleveland, Ohio, that the Community Chest plan was born in 1913. A group of Cleveland business men, aware of the many fund drives held each year and of the vast sums spent s tin sally to raise money for welfare purposes, evolved a plan to budget the city's wel fare needs and to hold one eam palga annually to obtain the money to meet these needs. Before Cleveland held the first Community Chest campaign, 6,000 persons were contributing money for welfare purposes. During the 1945 Community Chest campaign, 800,000 residents of Greater Cleve land made pledges to support 100 home front agencies and 22 units of the national war fund. Support 190 Agencies. This year, the Cleveland Commu nity Chest is campaigning in Octo ber for a goal of $4,880,000. Proceeds will be used for the support of 100 Red Feather agencies, including 21 youth and recreation groups, 19 organizations aiding dependent chil dren, 17 hospitals, 14 family wel fare services and other welfare or-' ganizations. Throughout the nation, the story of the Red Feather is being told as Community Chests wage their an nual fund-raising campaigns in Oc tober. Chicago, which has the largest Community Chest fund in the na tion, has a goal of $7,939,000 in the current drive. From Community Chest coffers will come 50 per cent of the operating costs of 192 Red Feather agencies. An additional $906,000 is sought to continue USO activities for the final year. One of the main objectives of Community Chests is to assnre a good start in life for all chil dren. Red Feather youth agen cies universally strive to pre pare the boys and girls of today for their responsibilities as clti sens of tomorrow. To carry out this objective, Phila delphia, for example, will allot the largest percentage of its campaign funds, more than 20 per cent, to its Red Feather youth recreation serv ices and another 11 per cent to its child care agencies. Last year, the city's 39 Red Feather youth agen cies served more than 189,714 boys and girls and provided 183,593 days in camps. Returns Near Peak. As the birthplace of the Commu nity Chest idea, Cleveland has at tained one of the best records in the nation for its annual fund drive. Total goal of the past 27 Community Chest campaigns there was $119, 888,545, of which $113,243,489, or 97.7 per cent, actually was raised. In Cleveland Community Chest hospitals contain two-thirds of all the city's public and private hospit al capacity; their dispensaries an nually give approximately 100,000 free or low cost treatments; all of the maternity homes for unwed mothers are chest supported; insti tutional care of 1,125 Cleveland or phans is given only by chest agen cies, and 672 children are under foo ter home care through chest aus pices. A high degree of co-operation is essential to success of the Commu nity Chest drive. That sort at co-operation is characteristic of Cleveland's annual fund raising event. Solicitation of chest pledges is carried out by a corps of 25,000 volunteer workers. City officials au thorize decoration of downtown thoroughfares; the transit system and railroads permit campaign ad vertising; stores feature window displays stressing the work of chest agencies; radio stations, newspa pers and theaters tell the story of the Red Feather organizations. For the sick and troubled of Cleve land, as well as those of 849 other cities in the United States, the Red Feather this year means hope. For the greater number of persons who wear the Red Feather as Commu nity Chest contributors, the brighter the outlook for those who need a "helping hand." : : ! .? . II THEY NEED "HELPING HAND" . . . Typical of the mffltea at children throat;boot the United SUtei who receive mid threafh Bed Feather agencies supported by Commonity chest* are these yeengsters from Cleveland. Top left, a poignant appeal for aid is mirrored in the i face of Virginia at Goodrich boose; top right, Jlmmle. patient at Rose-Mary Home for Crippled Children, is overcoming the crippling f effects of spastic paralysis; bottom: Lillian, resident at Cleveland Christian home orphanage, gives dolly the kind of care the heene gives her; right: S-year-old Jerry is going to walk seme day, thanks to treatment he Is receiving at Cleveland rehabilitation center. NO L0N6ER 6.1. Vet Students Replace Navy 'Boots' f Ann/tuui, iuahu.?in an at tempt to crack the national bottle neck in educational (acilitiea, par ticularly for ex-G.I.a, education-hun gry veterans have opened their own college here. At the aite of the sprawling naval training station here, the veterans opened a privately operated, non profit, co-educational college and technical institute this month. When the navy declared the huge training station surplus, veterans' organizations went into immediate action. They saw the station's vgst dormitories, apartments, class rooms, laboratories, machine shops and recreational facilities as the an swer to two major veterans' prob lems: Lack of educational facili ties and housing accommodations while attending school. Raise Fond. Backed by local business men, en rouraged by the United States de partment of education and other 'ederal agencies, veterans' organi sations in north Idaho and eastern Washington formed a private non profit corporation. They called it F*arragut College and Technical In stitute, Inc., and set e?t to raise an nitial operating fund of $280,000 Veterans' groups plunked down sums like $10,000 and $15,000 to start he ball rolling. Private club* and ndividual citizens came across. The reterans hired a college president. Dr. Joseph H. Kusner, formerly of Florida, who is a veteran. He -ounded up a faculty. me school was chartered by the state of Idaho and acceptable cred its were assured. Federal problems of acquiring the property were hur dled. In Picturesque Country. Farragut, where hundreds of thousands of United States naval men were trained during the war, I is on the shores of Lake Pend Oreille?a picturesque spot in the heart of north Idaho's timber and lake country. It has ample facili ties for 15,000 students, including housing for single students, married students and faculty. Courses in the liberal arts and In the technical and trade fields will be taught by streamlined methods. 1 | Erosion Raids Take High Toll CHICAGO. ? Erosion's raids on soil fertility are costing the United States nearly four billion dollars an nually, according to the Middle West Soil Improvement committee. "The extent of this yearly dam age is indicated by recent U. S. Soil Conservation service estimates that wind and water erosion re moves 21 times as much plant food from the nation's farm soil each year as is taken out by crops sold off that land," the committee reports. Dr. H. H. Bennett, chief of the conservation service, places the an nual loss as a result of uncontrolled erosion and water runoff at $3,M4, 000,000. He estimates that nearly one billion acres of the nation's farm lands need soil conservation treatment to protect them from ero sion and to maintain their produc tivity. It is clearly evident that eternal ? vigilance is a 'must' if our greatest farm asset?soil fertility?is to be preserved," Dr. Bennett insists. "The recent wartime burden on farm land to produce record yields to speed victory has been succeeded by an equally heavy peacetime load to produce crops to meet the world-wide food crisis," the soil improvement group de clares, adding that "the only rem edy that will rescue overworked farm land from eventual fertility exhaustion is a program of effec tive soil rebuilding." Pointing out that any soil rehabili tating plan should be well-rounded, the committee says it should include the raising of legumes to improver soil tilth and to increase its re sources of organic matter, regular crop rotation, steady use of mixed fertilizer containing nitrogen, phos phorus and potash, and pasture improvement. .i
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Oct. 24, 1946, edition 1
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