The Alamance gleaner
?
VOL. LXXII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1946 No. 39
. -WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS T
U. S. Moves to Free Economy;
Paris Parley Ends in Dissent;
Ask Reds to Settle Lend-Lease
d by Western Newspaper Union .
(EDITOR'S NOTE: When eptnlens are expresses in these eelamns, they are these el
Westers Newspaper Union's news aaalysta and net necessarily ef this newspaper.)
Luxembourg palace was all lit up on the eve of adjournment of
Paris peace conference bnt the weariness attending the U weeks of
bitter bickering was indicated by the slumber of the bartender on his
stool (npper left) and the newspaper man at his desk (npper right).
DECONTROL: ]
Speeded Up i
I Hundreds of non-essential items
-were scheduled to be removed from 1
price control as OPA moved to com- I
ply with President Truman's plans I
for a speedy shift to a free econ
omy. Whereas 52 per cent of the |
nation's economy was under regula- (
tion, the total was expected to be ,
reduced to 40 per cent by the end
of the year.
Items basic to production or liv
ing will continue to remain under
-control to keep the economy within
balance. Included in this category
are farm equipment, needed for out
put of food and fibers; building ma
terials in widespread demand for
housing; clothing; household appli
ances and furniture.
Removal of controls from live
stock led to OPA decontrol of fats,
oils and feeds. Because of the lift
ing of ceilings on lards, OPA said
it would be difficult to keep corn oil,
cottonseed oil, peanut oil and soy
bean oil under control. Free mar
ket prices for livestock might lead
to excessive use of cheap mixed
feeds, OPA declared.
See Hope for Soap
Prospects for improved shipments
of livestock following decontrol
promised to relieve the critical soap
shortage although a continued
scarcity of copra from the Far East
threatened to limit maximum pro
duction.
Normally, soap consists of 50 to
70 per cent tallow or grease, ob
tained from cattle and hogs, and
,20 to 30 per cent coconut oil, de
?rived from copra.
Since experiencing a shortage of
coconut oil, producers have been in
creasing the amount of tallow and
grease for soap. Heavier mar
ketings of cattle and hogs thus
would enable them to step up their
production.
Despite high production of coco
nut oil in the Philippines, crippled
grinding mills have been unable to
turn out large volumes of copra.
While cottonseed mills in the U. S.
.1 J l_ XI A. U ?...
uuuiu trusn ine cucuuui, it was
said that OPA ceilings were inade
quate to permit operations.
PARIS:
Grim Ending
Secretary of State Byrnes made
a final address about a "people's
peace"; Molotov spoke of a "dem
ocratic peace," and Bevin prayed
for a "lasting peace," but there
seemed as yet to be no peace as
the Paris conference ended in the
ornate Luxembourg palace.
Ten empty seats belonging to the
Yugoslav delegation strongly attest
ed to the differences existing be
tween the powerful western and
eastern blocs. Complaining that de
cisions had not been reached on the
basis of existing facts, but, rather
in the interests of the nations com
manding a majority, Yugoslavia
preferred to remain away from the
closing session.
Yugoslavia's action pointed up
Molotov's declaration that the new
ly established democratic Slav
states would not be "dictated to"
by the western powers. The Rus
sian foreign minister had backed
Yugoslavia's strong protests against
the creation of a neutral governor
for the key port of Trieste and re
jection of Tito's claims to Italian
border territory.
MEAT:
In Offing
If meat was slow in coming onto
the market following decontrol of
the industry, consumers could lick
their chops for a big feast ahead.
While housewives were sure to
find increasing quantities of meat
at market in the ensuing months, the
chief effect of President Truman's
The record number of livestock on
farms and ranges was instrumental in
influencing the administration to lift
controls, Secretary of Agriculture An
derson told the Illinois Chamber of
Commerce. Were the nation to suffer '
a drouth, the meat industry would be
menaced with loss and disorganization,
he said. As of last January, there were
40,900j000 beef cattle on farms and
ranges, and with the recent rate of
slaughter the number would have risen
to 44*800,000 by the end of the year.
decontrol will be to induce farmers
to use their record supplies of feed
to fatten cattle and hogs to prime
beef and pork, experts said.
In the meantime, farmers are ex
pected to market suitable livestock
now, with the high prices prevailing
influencing the culling of cows, fat
bulls and old canner cows from
breeding herds. While prices were
expected to rocket with the first
wave of buying, experts said they
would level off once distribution
channels were returned to normal
or if consumer resistance was met.
LEND-LEASE:
Ask Russ to Settle
In asking Russia to settle its lend
lease account of $11,141,000,000, the
state department reported that the
action was taken in compliance with
congressional desires to speed up
final liquidation of such obligations.
Settlement is expected to follow
?Vies noftorn r\t nrntrinne a rranCT*?
ments made with Britain and
France, with the Reds paying only
a percentage of the cost of the guns,
tanks, airplanes and other materi
al sent during the war. In arriving
at the final figure, the U. S. has
always written off part of the debt
owed in consideration of losses and
casualties suffered in the common
cause.
In the case of the British and
French, the U. S. extended credits
for the purchase of surplus goods
as part of the settlement, and the
same privilege could be afforded the
Russians. As it is, the U. S. ad
vanced the Reds between 300 and 400
million dollars at the time of the
cessation of lend-lease to permit
them to obtain supplies ordered but
not yet delivered.
Withdratv Czech Aid
Possessing no Inclination to be
Uncle Sap, Uncle Sam withdrew a
40 million dollar credit to Czecho
slovakia and suspended negotiations
for a SO million dollar loan follow
ing the Czechs' support of Russian
charges at the Paris peace confer
ence that the U. S. was trying to
enslave Europe economically.
While Czech support of Red bait
ing of the U. S. constituted the prin
cipal reason for the action, the state
department also charged the Czechs
with profiteering in the resale of
American surplus goods to Romania
and stated that the Czechs were far
ahead at other European coun
tries in postwar recovery.
INDIA:
Strange Interlude
It takes ? big man to admit a
mistake, as Mohandas K. Gandhi
did in New Delhi, but it also takes
a smart politician to cut the ground
from under his opposition, as the
Hindu leader also sought to do.
Gandhi's double-edged action oc
curred as his all-India congress par- (
ty and the Moslems continued to
fence for political advantage in the
proposed New Indian government.
It was reported that Gandhi had
carelessly endorsed a Moslem state
ment claiming that their party was
the sole representative of the Mos
lems in contradiction to his own oft
repeated assertions that his Con
gress party embraced all faiths.
With Moslem leaders in posses
sion of Gandhi's endorsement and
in position to publicize it as a lever
for obtaining wider representation
in the new government, the little
Mahatma put on his sack-cloth and
ashes in an attempt to head oft his
foes. Said he: "I feel impelled to
tell you of an error committed by
me. ... It may be that I am old
and my brain is getting weak. ... I
am (olltntf vnn <-?# fViia micfnlra In nr.
der that you may learn a lesson ,
from it and never be hasty or care- ?
less in your actions. . ,
AFL: ]
For Americanism
AFL delegates representing seven
million members took a firm stand
against Communism in their 65th
convention in Chicago, proclaiming
their devotion to a tree, democratic
government in opposition to "a god
less dictatorship seeking to subvert
liberties won from previous tyran
nies."
At the same time the AFL urged
the government to continue a firm
course against Russia, declaring ap
peasement would not halt the Reds'
efforts to extend their domination
over other countries. The U. S. plan
for atomic energy control was
deemed the only sound proposal for
assuring against the production or
use of nuclear power for war.
Adoption of a resolution boosting
per capita assessments on interna
tionals was expected to yield the
AFL an additional-$400,000 annual
ly to support its year-round pro
gram. Fees were raised from 1%
cents to' 2 cents on the first 200,000
members of affiliated unions, with
1% cents charged on all members
over 200,000.
NUERNBERG:
Slick Escape
Nazis snickered as allied investi
gators pressed a thorough inquiry
into the spectacular suicide of Her
mann Goering, top German war
criminal who escaped death by
hanging in swallowing potassium
cyanide, shortly before the hour of
his execution.
Always a favorite with the Ger
mans because of his rollicking, open
handed mannerisms, Goering ap
peared to have salvaged some of
his lost prestige by thwarting the
For Hermann: Fotauium Cyanide
allied'noose at the last minute.
Whereas sujpide is considered an
act of cowardice in the U. S., Ger
mans regard it as a means of re
deeming lost honor.
Allied authorities wondered If
Goering's dramatic demise would
tend to take some of the sting out of
the war crimes trials in the German
mind. Despite the execution of 10
other top Nazis, Goering's escape
from the noose took on the effect of
a subversion of allied justice.
AGRICULTURE:
Future Pattern
Increased agricultural production
in the face of uncertain demands
threatens to pose another historic
farm problem.
Indicative of what may lie ahead,
the department of agriculture re
imposed production controls on po
tatoes following the bumper output
of 1948. Despite a reluctance to
restore regulation, the department
acted to prevent the waste which
accompanied the banner harvest
this year.
Until plans for increasing con
sumption overseas and in the U. S.
materialize, re-imposition of con
trols to prevent excessive production
of various crops may develop. Re
duction of some acreage, however,
may be accompanied by shifts to
the increase of other products like
meats, milk, fruits and vegetables
to provide a better balance in diets.
While stimulation of consumption
in the U. S. would reqfiire mainte
nance of good wages and perhaps
even the payment of subsidies to
low-income groups, big foreign de
mands for food hinge upon reduction
of trade barriers and distribution
to naedy areas.
m
iiiia
"olumnist at Work!
You can positively get deliver; on
l Dodge or Plymouth, within four
veeks, at about $2,200. In Sweden!
Ml show windows there display
LI. S. 1946 cars. . . . Espionage (and
:ounter-espy) is terrific there, more
so than during the war. . . . "Russia
illegedly has 125 intelligence agents
working out of the Stockholm em
jassy?almost twice the number the
British have dittoing. We got none,
luh? . . . Howard Hughes, the zil
ionaire, says he wishes his biogra
phers would get things right for
pnce. One mag piece said he in
herited 17 million from his pop. "I
nherited $300,000!" he exclamation
narked. . . . They tell you that the
piggest spender in the world today
?e Robert Arida, a Syrian. He al
legedly maintains an 11-room apt at
the Ambass; "bought" Hitler's
yacht from the Bwiddish Gov't for
pnly 400 Gs. It has a crew of over
LOO. ... He has three pleasure
planes and spends $250,000 monthly.
What British Gov't gave it to him?
Sallies In Our Alley: Shermlnt
BiUlngsley was still gabbing
about the night elnb owner on
the coast who was stock np and
robbed of $40*. . . . "Glad it
wasn't me," said the Stork Club
man. "Can yon Imagine what
El Morocco's Perona and the
others would say if I ever was
found with only $406 on me?"
Sights Too Never Bee from a
Slfht-Seetnf Bos: The elderly lady
in the West 70s. She starts each
dawning with a suitcase loaded
with cartons of milk and sets them
out all over the neighborhood for
pussycats. . . . Passersby waving
to the mayor who always ta-tas
back. No kiddin'?seen it wid me
own eyes. . . . The little old chap
who cadges drinx in the 3rd Ave.
joynts with a piece of rope. Bets
you a drink you can't tie him up
tight enough to keep him bound.
Always wins. . . . The picketing bar
bers. They all need haircuts. . . .
The S ayem brawl (between oodles)
at 30th and 8th. Such slugging I
"There's No Business Like
Show Business": It happened
recently on the coast. . . . Sid
Slate and his wife had a tiff.
... So she packed up and left
for Los Angeles. ... Sid phoned
his best chum, Sid Gold, to meet
her at the deppo and straighten
tilings out. . . . Wbleti pal Gold
eertinny did. . . . Mrs. Sid Slate
will become Mrs. Sid Gold after
she is Freenovated.
Erich Remarque, the book-writer,
gave Ingrid Bergman his only bottle
of that fiery Calvados that he speaks
about in his "Arch of Triumph"
best-clicker. . . . Howard Koch and
his bride came to town to work on
the screenplay of "Earth and High
Heaven." Had to dwell in six dif
ferent hotels in seven days. On the
seventh his wilt forgot which hotel,
whereupon they decided to return
to H'wood. . . . Natalie Schaefer,
the actress, lost a big money fash
ion-announcer job in Detroit. Be
cause the man who was going to hire
her wouldn't wait more'n lhi hours
for Natalie to finish a phone con
versation. Imagine I The beestl
Fannie Hurst may give Nor
ma Shearer her first screen
story, "She Walks la Beauty,"
for Norma's return to the films.
She'd play a woman her own
age. A Hollywood novelty!
Don Ameehe wonders if anybody
ever called the President Harried
Truman. . . . Eddie Jaflee is con
vinced there's something very fishy
about the meat shortage. . . . Bill
Schiller rates a patty-cake for the
campaign he's waging as candidate
for state senate. He's fighting foi
education and housing of vets. . . .
a; me uiass nai iwo nepuos were
indulging in their pet pastime?pan
ning Truman. "The whole nation,"
said the first, "is laughing up theii
sleeves at him." . .. "You kiddin'?"
asked the other. "Who's got
sleeves?"
Lew Parker round eat why the
series games at St. Loeis didn't
break attendance records.
Most et the Mlssoorians are
In Washington!
The boss et a New York antoi
announced that its long strike wai
over, and be ordered everyone bad
to work at a mid town hotel. Bu
one lad continued to picket after el
the others resumed working. "HeyI'
asked the labor boss. "Why don'
you go back to work?"
"I dunno," shrugged the picket
i "You've had mo on strike so long
forgot what I used to dot"
Coveted Star Farmer Award \
Given to Four Rural Youths ^
Top Honor Goes
To Pennsylvania
High School Boy
By W. J. DRYDEN
WNU rim Editor.
Outstanding young farmer of
the United States is 20-year-old
William G. Carlin of Coatesville,
Chester county, Pa. He has
won the title of Star Farmer of
America ?most coveted honor
that can be won by an Ameri
can farm boy.
Of what stuff are champion farm
ers made? In the case of William
Carlin the answer would be summed
up in a statement of his zeal, his
enthusiasm, and his attention to de
tail in developing a run-down farm
into a high producing enterprise.
The award was made at the re
cent National Victory convention of
Future Farmers of America held
at Kansas City. Carlin was chosen
from among the 200,000 boys study
ing vocational agriculture in high
schools of the country, who make
up the membership of the F.F.A
Farming In partnership with
his brother on 190. acres of land.
Carl in hai made an outstanding
record in bringing ran-down
farm land baek into production.
Bis accomplishments in soil re
habilitation are cited as exam
ples for farmers throughout
the country.
In 1940 the Carlln brothers took
over a farm owned by their father
and previously operated by tenants.
Through the years the land had
been literally "farmed out," with
severe gully erosion present and
with the soil in poor condition.
Purchase New Farm.
Through their classes in vocation
al agriculture in high school, these
boys leurned what had to be done
to bring such land back into good
production. Land that had produced
only 23 bushels of corn to the acre
in 1939 brought a yield of S3 bushels
in 1942. By 1944 they had accumu
lated enough profits to buy 90 acres
of land with a house and farm build
ings. Today the farm is a going
business, with assets of nearly $15,
000. Its resources include 143 head
of beef cattle, 15,000 chickens, SO
market hogs, 50 acres of corn, 83
acres of hav and 23 acres of oats
and barley.
Billy Carlln has been active in
the affairs o1 his community. He
is a member ot the (arm bureau,
farmer's exchange, co-operative ex
change and grange. In 1944-43 he
was president of Pennsylvania Asso
ciation of Future Farmers of Amer
ica.
Kentucky Boy Wins.
Central region winner of the Star
Farmer of America award, Paul H.
Smart, 20, of Versailles, Woodford
county, Ky., was chosen from among
53,000 Future Farmers in 13 central
j states.
His first fsrmlng venture be
gan six years ago, when he was
14 years old, with four lambs
and a small crop of tobacco.
State's Unique
One-man Probes
Realize Results
LANSING, MICH. ? Michigan's
unique one-man grand Jury system
I ia developing into a sizable govern
! ment activity, with seven inquiries
now in progress in six counties and
more than $?00,000 In state and lo
cal funds earmarked to pay the
bills.
Targets of the jurors range from
i gambling, bribery and liquor con
trol to labor and local courts. An
estimated 2,800 witnesses have tes
' tilled before the inquisitors.
As an aftermath of the investlga
> tions, nearly 200 citizens have been
indicted, the list including legisla
' tors, state and local police officials,
? labor leaders, bankers, industrialists
1 and gamblers.
t The Michigan system of one-man
grand Juries dates back to the De
troit police court procedure of the
1880s. The statute providing for the
system, which was not written un
til 1917, enables a justice of the
peace, police Judge or Judge of a
court of record to act as a grand
juror whenever, upon filing of a
i complaint by a citizen or official,
I he has cause to suspect that a crime
[ has been committed within his
t jurisdiction.
1 Provision is made for subpoening
' witnesaes, who may be punished for
t contempt of court.
Legality of the one-man probe has
been upheld several times by the
I Michigan Supreme court, most re
centiy in IMS.
?
__ &
STAR i
FARMER^
OUTSTANDING YOUNG FARMERS . . . Winners of Star Farmer J
of America awards, Richest honors accorded to Fntnre Farmers eC '
America members, were announced at the Kansas City eomsths.
Upper photo: William G. Cariln of Pennsylvania, who won the title;
lower photo, from left to richt, are the sectional winners: Brodp
Lee Koon of Texas, Paul H. Smart of Kentucky and Dennis O. Heitman
of Nevada.
From this small beginning, the en
terprise has expanded until it now
Includes 20 head of beef cattle, 70
head of sheep and extensive crop
acreages in tobacco, corn, soybeans
and lespedeza.
Smart has served as a director
of Kentucky Farm Bureau federa
tion and Purebred Livestock Breed
ers association.
First Nevada Winner.
Dennis O. Heitman, 20, of Gard
nerville, Douglas county, is the first
Nevada boy to win the Pacific re
gion award of the Star Farmer, be
ing selected from among 29,000 Fu
ture Farmers in 11 western states.
He has complete responsibility for
the management of a 1,900-acre cat
tle ranch owned by his mother.
Heitman began his first farming
program with four heifers and a
quarter acre of com when he en
tered high school in 1940. From this
small beginning his program has
been expanded from annual profits
on the projects. Today his' assets
include 30 head of beef cattle, 60
swine, 40 sheep and some 20 acres
of growing crops.
Texaa Gets Award.
Outstanding young farmer of the
year in the South is Brody Lee Koon,
16, of Brashear, Hopkins county,
Tex.
The young Texan was selected
from among 95,000 Future Farmers
in the southern region. Koon al
ready is established in farming as
one of the outstanding dairymen of
northeast Texas. A farming pro
gram that began with one Jersey
and has expanded into a herd of 55
registered Jerseys, along with a gen
eral crop program on 255 acres
which he bought last year trom prof
Holiday Turkeys
Will Be Plentiful
CHICAGO.?Despite heavy drains
on the nation's poultry supplies dur
ing the critical meat shortage,
Americans will sit down to turkey
and cranberries (or their Thanks
giving and Christmas meals as usu
i al this year.
Reports compiled from all turkey
areas indicate that more than 41
million turkeys will be marketed,
the second largest crop on record
and only nine per cent under last
year'a all-time high.
Although a larger percentage of
turkeys will be marketed early be
cause of the meat shortage, there
will be plenty of birds left for the
holidays, according to Cliff B. Car
penter of the poultry institute.
Mire Wmmi Listed
As Heads if Families
WASHINGTON. ? Another after
math of war years seas disclosed in
a census bureau report that Increas
ing numbers of women h%ve moved
Into positions of "heads of families"
?that Is, the major bread-winner for
the family.
In 1940 only IS per cent of Amer
ican families looked to a woman
as the family bead, the report re
veals, white by V-E Day, the per
centage had climbed to nearly 33.
This means, tha bureau says, that
throe million mora families have a
wotnan as tha maln^euppost.
its on his projects, brought Koon
the Star Farmer award. In seven
years he has realized a net profit
of over $16,000 from his ewn proj
ects, nearly all of which he has re
invested in expanding his program.
Outstanding as a community lead
er as well as in fanning, Koon has
served as a director at Northeast
Texas Dairy association, director of
the Dairy Herd Improvement asso
ciation and vice president at the
Texas F.F.A. association.
Honor War Victims.
More than 15,000 farm boys from
every state in the Union, Puerto
Rico and Hawaii were present at
Kansas City when the awards were
presented. The Victory convention
honored the more than 4,000 mem
bers and past members of F.F.A.
who lost their lives in World War II.
Future Farmers of America is the
national organization of farm bovs
studying vocational agriculture.
Main objectives of Fntnre
Farmers of America are to de
velop agricultural leadership,
co-operation, citizenship, im
proved agrienltore and patriot
ism.
In the emblem of Future Farmers
of America, the owl is symboljc of
wisdom and knowledge; the plow is
the symbol of labor and tillage of the
soil; the rising sun is emblematic
of progress, and the day that will
dawn when all farmers are trained
and have learned to cooperate; the
cross-section of an ear of corn rep
resents common agricultural inter
ests, since corn is native to Amer
ica and grown in every state, and
the eagle is indicative of the na
tional scope of the organisation.
Their motto: "Learning to do, do
ing to learn, earning to live, living
to serve."
Experts Culling
Mass of Secret
Data on Germany
WASHINGTON.?World's biggest
editing job is under way in Ger
many as experts of the Office at
Technical Service screen an esti
mated 3% billion pages of once
secret technical and scientific data
on German factories, industrial and
scientific processes. Prom this mass
of data, experts probably will select
about 3V4 million pages to be re
turned to this country for study by
industry, schools, government agen
cies and other interested organiza
tions. Less than one million pages
have been returned to this country.
Approximately 100 OTS editors,
supervisors and microfilm opera
tors, 000 Germans and an undis
closed number of military person
nel are engaged in the task.
The data now being culled is in
addition to first-hand reports which
650 technical experts have made on
German secret data.
OTS, which is the outgrowth at
five former war and postwar gov
ernment agencies, publishes a week
ly "Bibliography of Scientific and
Industrial- Reports."
Work is now in progress an thn
second volume of reports, the first
containing 20,000 abstracts of indus
trial and scientific data, both for
eign and American. The latter alas
were secret during the war.
Best sellers on the agency's
current list are reports on German
soap, electronics, leather, adhesive*,
paints, varnishes, lacquers and syn
thetic waxes.