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The Alamance Gleaner
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VOL. LXXH GRAHAM, N. C.f THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1946 . N?
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
British to Adopt U.S. A rms;
U.S. Agrees to Disarmament;
Scotch World Food Proposal
Released by Western Newspaper Union ?.
lUrTOt'B NOTE: When splnl.es are expressed le these eelemns. thsr ere these el
Weatera Newspaper Ualea's news analysis aad est asesssarllp sf this as w spa ear. 1
Pickets at AHis-Chalmers plant at Milwaukee, Wis., tip over work
era* ear as deputy sheriffs attempt to check act. (See LABOR.)
BRITISH ARMS:
Adopt U. S. Pattern
Close U. S. and British relations,
tost fostered toward the turn of
the last century with the recognition
at British naval strength in the At
lantic as .a defensive bulwark, have
been knitted even more firmly with
Britain's decision to adopt Amer
ican patterns for land, air and naval
weapons.
Back of the move was the growing
political unanimity of the two coun
tries, already intimately bound by
?dose racial, social and economic
ties. Together they stand for a way
at life spread over the width of
the globe by British enterprise and
now supported by U. S. diplomatic
and military might.
Practically, standardization oh U.
S. and British weapons .will permit
the British to purchase arms in this
country in case of a future emer
gency without the need for redesign
ing American productive facilities.
At the same time, it will allow for
foe manufacture of American type
weapons in such British outposts as
Australia and New Zealand, where
the U. S. will have ready sources of
supply for Pacific operations.
Ten years may be required to com
plete foe conversion of British arms
to American standards, with rifles,
cartridges, mortars, artillery and
naval guns undergoing change.
D. N.:
In Accord
The D. S. and Russia came off all
even in their first swap at the United
Nations assembly in
New York. If any
thing, the U. S. got
the better of the ex
change as Delegate
Warren R. Austin
of Vermont conduct
ed himself with a
gentlemanly reserve
that contrasted with
For eign Minister
Molotov's vitriol.
Wail en R. Molotov was the
' first to speak, call
ing tor internation->
a] disarmament, a report on the
oomber of allied troops in non-en
emy states, retention of the veto
power of the Big Five in the security
council. He bitterly attacked U. S.
and British imperialists, headed by
Winston Churchill, tor seeking world
domination.
Ignoring Molotov's political
charges, Austin entered into a dis
cussion of the proposals raised by
the Russian:
If the Russians wanted interna
tional disarmament, the U. S. would
gladly oblige, provided an adequate
system of inspection and other safe
guards would be established to guar
antee fulfillment of the program. Aft
er the last war, Austin recalled, the
P- S. accepted the principle of dis
armament but remained alone in
carrying it out.
If the Russians desired a report
on the number of Allied troops in
asHaemy states, the U. S. sug
gested that the check be extended to
farmer enemy countries as well.
(Such an all conclusive report would
provide the world with an adequate
estimate of Russian troop strength
behind the iron curtain, said by
Churchill to total 200 divisions.)
If the Russians opposed a modi
fication of the veto power at this
time/ the U. S. also was against re
vision at the U. N. charter. How
ever, the U. S. hoped that the Big
Five could get together in the fu
ture to modify the veto in the case
if peaceful settlement at disputes,
atthough retaining it on the question
ad applying farce.
FAO:
U. S. Backs Down
Having heartily endorsed a plan
of the United Nations Food and Ag
riculture Organization at Copen
hagen, Denmark, for distribution of
food to needy countries at bargain
prices, the U. S. repudiated its posi
tion as an FAO commission met in
Washington, D. C., to work out de
tails of the project.
Under the plan, FAO would have
purchased food from surplus pro
ducing countries out of a revolving
fund contributed by member na
tions. When the world price for food
would have gone above a predeter
mined level, then FAO would have
sold its reserves to needy buyers at
the lower figure.
In rejecting the plan, Undersec
reiary or Agriculture worris E.
Dodd expressed doubt that FAO ,
could achieve its objective under
present conditions. Instead, Dodd
suggested that the problem of future
farm surpluses and marketings
could best be solved through a sys
tem of international commodity ar
rangements.
LABOR:
Militant
Police were hard put to maintain
order at the Allis-Chalmers tractor
plant at Milwaukee, Wis., as strik
ing pickets of the ClO-United Auto
mobile Workers bucked a back to
work movement of over 3,000 em
ployees. As violence mounted, the
number of returning workers was
cut in half.
As militant pickets turned over
cars attempting to enter the plant,
clashed with returning workers
and hurled stones at company win
dows, county and suburban police
were compelled to appeal to Mil
waukee authorities for reenforce
ments. Over 200 of Milwaukee's fin
est were sent to the plant, but
even so the enlarged police detail
encountered difficulty holding the
strikers in check.
Allis-Chalmers remained adamant
against granting UAW a closed shop
as the strike entered its seventh
month. While agreeing to check off
union dues with workers' permission,
the company stood out against
compromise on compelling em
ployees to join the UAjjf.
WORLD TRADE:
Hit British Pact
The U. S. state and treasury de
partments joined in objecting to the
recently concluded British-Argentine
trade pact, with American officials
feeling that provisions of the treaty
violated promises Britain made in
obtaining a 3.75 billion dollar loan
from this country.
State department objections cen
tered around'Britain's agreement to
purchase 83 per cent of Argentine
beef the first year and 78 per cent
annually thereafter. Officials de
clared that such provisions as in
corporated in trade pacts with Can
ada, New Zealand and Australia as
well as Argentina tended to restrict
world trade as advocated by the
U. S.
The treasury protested against the
clause restricting Argentina's use of
blocked sterling balances in world !
trade. Blocked sterling balances
represent the credits owing Argen
tina for goods and services provid
ed Britain during the war. Britain '
agreed to release some of Argen- :
tina's sterling balances for use in
world trade only if she buys more
from the United Kingdom and asso- I
ciated countries than she sells 1
them. 1
SHOES:
Decontrolled
Following upon the decontrol of
meat and livestock and rising cattle
prices, Reconversion Director Steel
man ordered the removal of ceilings
on shoes, hides, skins and leathers
in the interests of higher produc
tion.
The government's action reversed
the position previously taken at the
time of decontrol of meat and live
stock that shoes and their compo
nent materials would remain under
regulation because of their scarcity
and importance in the cost of living.
As a result of their decontrol, OPA
said that shoe prices could be ex
pected to rise 20 'and 30 per cent.
Under OPA, the annual shoe bill
amounted to 2 billion dollars.
The decontrol order covered all
types of domestic and imported
skins and hides and processed leath
er, including calf and cattle, kid,
goat and sheepskins, and all types
of men's, women's and children's
shoes, including dress and sports
wear, play shoes and slippers.
FARM MACHINERY:
11 u ee Demand
Despite heavy production, farm
machinery manufacturers will not
be able to meet the big demand for
equipment for at least another year,
according to officials of the Nation
al Retail Farm Equipment associ
ation meeting in Chicago.
With demand high, dealers have
been able to meet only 40 per cent
of their orders and manufacturers
have not promised great improve
ment in 1947, it was said. Farmers'
increased interest in equipment was
said to stem from wartime empha
sis on more efficient operations and
large accumulation of funds.
Indicative of the trend toward
mechanization, farmers were re
ported to be seeking four-row, trac
tor-drawn corn planters, to replace
the old two-row horse jobS; com
bines for binders in harvesting small
grains; tractor-drawn corn pickers,
and new types of haying equipment
which reduce crews up to SO per
cent.
Extract Sewing Bobbin
I
With one yard of black thread
hanging from his month, 1-year
old Kenneth Howell waa rushed
to Hollywood receiving hospital
by his mother, who anxiously
Informed doctors that he had
?wallowed a needle. Placing the
youngster on the operating ta
ble, the medics gently removed
the thread. Instead of finding a
needle, however, they extracted
a sewing machine bobbin. Ken
neth's mother la at left, Norse
Rebecca Land at right.
COTTON:
King Tumbles
Southern legislators called for de
control of finished textiles and gov
ernment purchases of the crop to
stabilize the sagging cotton market.
Within two weeks of spiraling sell
ing, the commodity had dropped $S0
a bale and sunk below 30 cents a
pound from a peak of nearly 40
cents.
Senator Maybank (Dem., S. C.)
and Representative Sparkman
(Dem., Ala.) joined Senator George
(Dem., Ga.) in calling for decontrol
of finished textiles. At a time when
the new crop was coming in mills
were forced to limit purchases to
120 days ahead to protect them
selves in the fluctuating market and
stay within their ceilings, George
said.
As the South reverberated with
charges that widespread speculation
by farmers, merchants, doctors,
etc., had brought about the crash.
Rep. Rankin (Dem., Miss.) called
for legislation to curb future opera
tions on the exchanges. Meanwhile,
officials of the New York market
denied that the big break was caused
by the liquidation of "long" inter
ests, contradicting earlier reports
that the slump had started with the
clean-out of the account of Thomas
Jordan, who had parlayed a >300
loan into a million in cotton.
However, arrangements were
made for the sale of Jordan's seat
cm the New York stock exchange |
Cor $04,000.
0
Note5 of a Not-So-Interested
Bystander:
The Press Box: The pro-and-con
trast of the diplomatic news: The
same pages that recorded President
Truman's optimistic speech before
United Nations delegates (and his
statement that fear of war is un
justified) also recorded Churchill's
talk in which he accused Russia of
violating the Yalta agreement. He
also demanded to know why the So
and-Soviets were massing 200 di
sions in Eastern Yurrop. . U. N.
headline: "Confusion Reigns on
First Day." . . . Here we go again I
It was diplomatic and polite for
them all at Flushing to say they
Would get along this time. The next
day they began slugging again. Just
like fighters do in the ring (shake
hands) before they start throwing
uppercuts.
New York's official greater
(Graven Whalen) was instructed
to get M tickets for every {lit
show in town for the UN'ers. . ..
H. Hoover (ex-President of the
U. S.) sold bis Washington.
D. C., home. Gness the old boy
gave np. ... At Manhattanville
college's IM ann'y when he took
his seat (between Republican
Dewey and Democratic party
chief Robert Hannegan) Cardi
nal Spellman get a bowl from
we aisiinguisneo suaience dj
ad-libbing: "Here I am?la the
middle again!" . . . Amoa V
Andy don't consider 8 bills on
locky any more. That's what yon
need today to bny fl worth of
anything.
Broadway Ballad (By Don
Wahn): There were two paths along
the road of youth. . . . And so I
chose the twisted one for mine. . . .
And searched in vain for honor and
for truth. . . . But searched and
found the dreams that hide in wine.
. . . And so illusion had its sunny
day. . . . And banners waved above
the castle wall. . . . And there were
girls to laugh the years away. . . .
And all my clan was arrogant and
tall. ... I did not know that castles
were so frail. . . . That girls can
fade like whispers in the night. . . .
I did not know that wine could grow
so stale. . . . That songs can lose
their measure of delight. . . . Thus
I have earned my heritage of wrath.
... As ghostly dreams stream down
a crooked path.
American Ee-Action, Inc., let
terhead says: "To defend Oar
Country Against Its Enemies at
Borne." . . . This is qnlte ap
propriate, itnee many of the big
names (among its directors)
were isolationists and Band
eaddlers, who never did any
thing to defend oar country
against Its enemies abroad!
Loo Schmolts revealed this New
York Novelette. ... He says it
actually happened. ... A lower
East Sider ? the brother-in-law of
a gangster ? was visited by the
latter, who demanded $10,000 in
cash at once. ... "I haven't
10,000 nickels!" said the chap. 1
"Where will I get that kind of ,
dough?" ... "I don't care where,"
barked the gangster. "Dig it up. I'll
give you 48 hours." . . . The frantic
one went to many intimates, telling
all he needed it to save his life;
that he was to be killed if he didn't
produce it. . . . The most he could
get was $500. . . . The next day he
committed suicide. . . . Not know
ing his brother-in-law, the gangster,
died several hours before he did?
from a rival hood's bullets.
They ten yon not to be too
amaxed if See'y of State Byrnes
quits and his post goes to the
navy's Mr. Forrestal. That Job
carries with It the saecesslon to
the presidency, deed man. . . .
Back to normalcy item: Four
immense new signs along Times
Square have spreated, all fea
turing eleetrleks. . . . Every
bodj'l economising tkCM day's.
So b ilDiooaire Frederick
Prince, who ku eat kto hoose
boid lUff down to a mere 26.
Manhattan Morals: The 5th Ave
nue Flower shop located at Msdi
aon and 60th. . . . The shop at 151
W. 42nd street telling white shirts
(all you want!) at btlOPA fees. . . .
The Bob Otin's doorman handing
hot coffee (gratis) to parked hack
men on chilly eves. . . . The LaSaDa
with the Connecticut license plate
reading CBS In front of NBC. . . .
The 70-year-old bootblack at 55th
and 6th who works on his play be
tween shines. . . . Sports promoter
D. O. Herts and a barber named
Joa Oallo flattening a native Nasi
tor bothering patrone at a bar.
BANNER HARVEST _ ' H
Record-shattering Crops Boost ! 1
Farm Production to New Peak
WNU Feature*
While international crises and domestic diffi
culties have been dominating the news scene,
American farmers have been rolling up one of
the most Impressive production records in his
tory during the current year.
Crop production for 1946 is setting an all-time
peak, 2*4 per cent above the record output of
1942, best previous year, and 28 per cent above
the average for the prewar years of 1935-39, a
summary compiled by department of agriculture
discloses. Wheat and corn production soared to
new high marks, followed by record-shattering
harvests tobacco, peaches, pears, plums,
truck crops and potatoes. Other crops have coma
through in good measure, with exception of cot
ton, jye, broomcorn, dry beans and pecans.
Livestock production continued high, despite
critical feed shortages in mid-year.
Taking agricultural production as a whole,
1946 may stand for a long time as the farmer's |
biggest year, the agriculture department con
cludes.
? ?
The story of the farmer's big year, as told in the pictures:
1 FARM RECORDS are being
1 ? broken throughout the nation at
farmer* wind up the biggest year
in agriculture's history. This scene
of a farmer storing corn in tem
porary cribs is being repeated
throughout the grain producing
areas as farmers gather in the
greatest feed crop ever grown in
this country.
2 FOOD NEEDS exceeded even
? heavy, .wartime demands and
farmers met the challenge with the
largest harvested wheat acreage
since 1934?940,000 acres over 194S.
The combination of improved wheat
varieties, good growing weather
and national yield of 17.8 bushels per
acre resulted in whopping 1,149,422,
000 bushel crop. Production of ail
food grains set a new record?more
than 37 million tons.
During the harvest season, farm
ers worked night and day, fre
quently with multiple crews and
machines, as shown here, to save
.the precious grain. The new crop
helped to relieve the bread short
age which resulted at mid-year
when the nation shared its slender
wheat stocks with hungry people
oversea*. Export* of wheat in this
calendar year may reach 340 mil
lion bushels, highest since 1921.
3 READY FOR THE FUTURE,
? With the help of this big year,
farmers are in better position to face
conditions ahead. Good feed crops
will help to maintain livestock pro
duction at high levels and savings
of nearly 20 billion dollars provide a
reserve for poor years or farm im
provement.
This West Virginia farm, with its
crops set in easy-to-work contoured
strips, offers a pattern for the fu
ture. With his farm's soil enriched
by lime and green manure, and
slopes protected from costly ero
sion, the operator has the assurance
of maximum efficiency and mini
mum production costs. As of July
1, 2,740,000 acres had been laid out in
contoured ftrlp cropping, with plans
ready for an additional 2,250,000
acres. Two-thirds of all U. S. farms
are actively participating in 1,(75
soil conservation districts.
A GOOD WEATHER favored the
? ? fanner in his fight for big crops.
An early spring sent crops off to a
flying start. Ideal conditions, illus
trated in this summer scene on a
New England farm, often helped the
farmer at critical times, such as
haying and grain harvest.
Little wheat was lost because of
wet weather during harvest or aft
er, but sudden ripening of grain over
large areas produced more grain at
one time than elevators or rail
roads could handle. Drouth did
strike some areas, notably New Mex
ico and Arizona, and prolonged rain
interfered with planting of grain sor
ghums. The weather wasn't per
fect, but it was generally better
than 1945 and proved a big factor
in a record crop.
5 BIG BUYERS. Record produc
? tion and good prices have cre
ated the greatest farm purchasing
power of all time. From total cash
receipts of more than S3 billion
dollars this year, farmers will real
ize a net income of more than 144
billion dollars, or mora than three
times the net income of 1940.
Like city folks, farmers And goods
scarce and pricas above prewar lev
els. As he shops for new shoes,
this farmer finds proof that the
average price of farm work shoes
rose from $2.53 for the 1935-39 period
to $4.49 on June 15. Prices received
by farmers for their goods had dou
bled meanwhile.
6 MORE HELP, provided by re
? turning veterans and war plant
workers, made the Job easier for
the farmer, but everyooe had to
work bard, early and late, to handle
the bumper output.
Typical of the veteran's return to
the land, this ex-army sergeant and
his wife, former army nurse, bought
an Alabama farm with the help of
an FSA loan. By mid-year 1,0*5,000
veteran* were working on farms,
representing about three-fourths at
the number of farm workers who
entered military service before
July 1. IMS.
7 TWO ON ONE means good core
- and accounts for this North
Carolina grower's pride in a prom
ising crop resulting from use at
hybrid seed corn and contoured
field. In the nation as a whole,
two out at every three acres this
year were in high-yielding hybrids,
accounting for M per cent increase
in corp yields by department at se
riculture estimates.
In some sections at the oora belt,
hybrids were planted an 100 per
cent at the acreage, boosting loam's
corn yield to a phenomenal (1 bush
els per acre. Better varieties at oth
er crops, developed by agricultural
scientists, helped push production to
new records. Improved fertilisers
and new cultural methods also
boosted yields.
8 NEW TOOLS also helped te
? swell 1M6 production. Expan
sion by REA co-operatives brought
electricity to additional thousands at
farms and made daily chores Kk*
milking (above) faster and easier.
On July 1, nearly S3 per cent at all
D. S. farms received central station
electric service and new customers
were being connected to REA linea
at the rate of 290,000 per year.
Farmers also found DDT sad chem
ical weed killers potent weapons
against old enemies.
Production at new farm machin
ery during the first half at the
year fell below the war-limited pro
duction of a year earlier, forcing
most farmers to get along with old
machines. Tires, fuel and seed
were in fair supply, but containers,
steel products and lumber contin
ued scarce. Farmers used mom
fertilizer in their drive for maxi
mum production.
Man's 'Best Friend' Causes Most Fans Accidents
Old Dobbin may be man'a beat
friend?but ha doesn't act like it
In fadt, horses ara involved in more
accidents on American farms than
any other animal, including the bull.
Dr. H. Herman Young of the Mayo
clinic, Rochester, Minn., told dele
gates to the farm safety section of
the National Safety council's 34th
national safety congress in Chicago.
Life on farms is full of peril. Dr.
Young asserted, pointing to a nine
year survey of farm accidents,
made under joint auspices of Mayo
clinic and ths safety council, which
... m . ? ...
disclosed that 38,700 farmers were
killed at work during the period.
About 133,200 farm residents were
killed accidentally and 100,123,000
non-fatal farm borne and work ac
cidents also occurred In that time,
he reported.
"The farmer usually is his own
boss or employs only a few men,
probably carries no accident insur
ance, and Is not as conscious of the
need for safety measurea as those
employed in other Industries," Or.
Young said.
Accidents take an enormous ton
every year, with victims not limit
ed to farmers, delegates to the safe
ty congress were told.
Statistics show that there's an ac
cidental death every 5% minutes, a
traffic death every 18 Vh minutes, aa
occupational death every 33 min
utes and a home death every lSVfc
minutes. j
National Safety council is a noo*
profit, non-commercial corporation
supported mainly by industrial con
cerns. It has 23 separata sections
to deal with safety in every kekt,
, ."to . ,?. -