jOL IX. THIRD SERIES
SALISBURY. IT. JUNE 20, 1878.
11035
pEFERRED ARTICLES.
- ,cl from Ihe "POTrOCBI PAPERS."
BY W. H. NEAVE.
. . vndral endowment rare : when possscss-
Ija) hp imoroved : vocal musac : its iranscena
, siiouia oe "M" .p- n(i mere "plece-play-
rai Pf wives preferred : most chosen for such
..mudta p. comedy In the parlor:
P1 mStearS reslblllty: absurd affectation la
,Pto,J?U l Piano players should be tuners: de
tJ'earllm "tramp' tuners ruinous: four cornet
M,,sie h.13 a great autl goou power aim
,w Vbo have talent should not ruin it
We ",,.. ar Jlst it bv neerlect.
lWf.rr.Ti , nor waste it by
Kwmn datively arc naturally
le.' ;nrP.ven- fair musicians,
fitted
under
for nnnnrtnnitiea. and
any c'rc
without
energy, none.
Again, among
pu.,,;m,r make eood instrumental
Xnners but few have good vocal pow
V bit fair vocal ability, with resolution,
Si do well ii cultivating part singing;
?n everr well trained band-should and
nharea' good vocal quartette of its
members. Songs, solo or part singing
, the delight of mankind everywhere,
imonir the ruder nations they are employ -
1 to express sentiments for which cora
n.n speech is too poor; and nmong people
ftlie tet refinement -they aro the
Lnuietion arid consumation of social en
Sient. Singing is highly esteemed and
loved the world over and all the more
Wrblv Pr''d wliere vocal abi,it w scarce
nltivatiou of vocal music among the
Lnd members also greatly tends to draw
SJr the sexes together for musical partici
pation hi the parlor forming a powerful
nctntive to both aud effectually blocking
tile game o. pretension, and vivifying
Lome music, Which left wholly in the hands
of the females, is measurably insipid to
Ih'einselvcsand unsatisfactory to the males,
with the exception 'of souie eases ot osten
tation -on; one side and "spoony ism" on
the other. Most young men prefer a mu
sically accomplished wife, but when un
educated j niusic themselves, aud so bc
inir nnahle to discriminate between a
IIH'l
re "piece p layer voy iun-.j uiu mwi-
oiislily
trniueu niUSlciau, a unnu itauci
of music, they are
in most cases disap-
pointed alter marriage.
They buv a fine
iano. and after hearing the young wife's
1"
limited and vapid programme lepcaicu
wore 'of times, it becomes monotonous
und wearisome to both by the end of the
'first mouth after marriage, and she has no
power to augment it. The youug hus
band soon looks for more congenial
amusement out of home. How different
it would be if both were musically educa
ted. As it is, neither one is fitted to give
or receive. The piano is closed from
henceforth, only to be opened on grand
occasions. It is then only used as a con
venient alternative for budging over an
occasional chasm in social entertainment,
an, for .instance', when conversation tlags
or other amusements have satiated, then
kome one, glad of an excuse to speak,
eallsJor a "tune" on the piano. Some
foolhardy Miss is at last persuaded to
seat herself at theinstrnmcut. on which
ihe baiifrs out some tiresome mockery of
a composition far beyond her powers.
Under cover of her meaningless racket,
however," cheerful conversation revives!
After a sufficient dose of musical noise
has been administered, some hackneyed
folios are called for and sung. Then this
burlesqe on music may be facilitated by
some wag inducing all the best singers
jitesenj to attempt a succession of part
pieces, with which most of them are "at
wa without a rudder." The blundering
and discord that ensues would be intoler
able, bu fits very absurdity excites jollity
and noisy hilarity among the. rest of the
company, in self defense. ' Whilo on this
phase of music I cannot refrain from re
producing' a hit at tho affected hesi
tation evinced by some young ladies
at parties on being asked to sing:
"On being led to the piano the young lady
first throws a timid glance around the
room, ostensiblv to show a gentle coufu-
sion, but in reality to see who is looking
at her. She then observes to the lady of
tli house "that she is not in very good
voice-having a slight cold," which she
confirms bysv faiut sound, something be
tween a sigh, and a single-knock cough.
'Oh ! but yotialwayssingto delightfully,"
declares the hostess, encouragingly. The
young lady is "certain she cannot sing
this evening" to strengthen which opin
iou she makes some young gentleman ex
ceeding joyous by giving him her boquet
to hold, and drawing off her gloves in the
iu 6t approved style, lavs them, together.
mh her filmy handkerchief, conspicuous
ly on the piano. An active gentleman
volunteers to shut down tho top of the
piano, which has been open for quadrilles,
and pinches his fingers-in the attempt;
the young lady finally seats herself. As
she plays the chords in the key in which
she is about to luxuriate, every body, is
not perfectly silent, so she finds thenfusic
till tK high or twojow, or something of
-the kind. At length, all being still, she
playshe symphony again, smiling at the
hostess the while, and saying she is "cer
tain she will break down," she brings out
the opening note of a recitative, w hich
niakes the drops of the chandelier vibrate
and silences even ji couple who aro whis
pering all sorts of nothings to each -other
in the back drawing room."
-. All of us have been pained by witness
ing suck vulgar display at least once in
our lives. Ladies (aud gentlemen I when
aisketl to play or sing, should comply (if
at ail) without demur or apology, aud
with the same self-possessed ease that
would attend their contributing to the
eirjnyment of their friends in other ways.
I.have diverged some what from the path
I set out on, but will get back to it in my
ext. But. as these are "potpourri papers"
" aoinc latitude must be given me, as-in
"ther mosaic w ork, like medley pictures.
In a band concert, whose aim is first class
excellence, the band is not and cannot le
the chief attraction. It is the frame for a
fine picture. .In the many features of this
pictnre the piano is an indispensable ne
cessity. Every onelanght music on piano
houhl be.trained to "tune" the instru
TOeut and to understand its mechanism
f nough, at least, to put on a string, leather
hammer, &c. The ability to do this
.and train pupils in it, should be held as a
prime qualificati6u and strict duty on the
. Part of a teacher. It is even -more ab
surd to neglect this in the piano school
than in the violin, &c, and yet an ama
teur pianist whoxan keep her (or his) in,
"trumcnt in tune, pitch and good condi
tion generally is a ram arit indeed,
itence, they ar& dependent jnn itinerant
'tnntrs" who in a majority of cases, are
far worse, than ordinary tramps, and
"dead beats " who nurnoselv or ignorant-
ly injure pianos greatly, some or which J
cos i more uiau a iuii Ret oi me nen oaoa
instruments. But tuning and slightly re
pairing a piano i such an impenetrable
mystery to most amateur performers that
frauds can, maltre.it their fine instruments'
with impunity under their very eyes, and
charge a big price for doing it- This con
dition of things often causes mnch trou
ble in securing a good pianain pitch and
tuue for concert; whereas, if all players
were tuners, no vexation of this kind
I hope this hint will effect future good,
and be "the beginning of the end." I will
put forth bints about concert matters in
portions of several ensuing- pots." Now
I will close by urging all cornet- players
(who are at all able) to get a "four in one",
cornet at once. I have only recently ever
seeu one, and until then-1 could not be
lieve it to be all its iuventors and makers
claim for it, tho fully endorsed by ruany
wboni I It D4.latimteljr as honest . men
and thorbugU" musicians moving in the
highest walks of the profession, such Its
Vm. F. Zeigler, &c, There is one in
this country and two in Europe who make
almost, if not quite, as fine an instrument
in one key, viz: one in one, so to speak;
but their instruments are not good, one
remove from that, i. e., two in one; while
Conn & Dupout's "Four in One," by the
compensating tube, i equally good iu A
as in Eb; so, with one of them, you are
completely fitted out at every point where
a comet cau be usedr with four cornets at
the cost of one. More cannot be said. I
have the good of music purely and only
animating me in this endorsement of
"Four iu One," and it pains me somewhat
to reflect that niy doing so will, to some
extent, injure the business of one, who,
in my judgment heretofore, had reached
the very acme of excellence in fashioning
bandJiiitrument8; but prejudice must
snecumb to fact; an entire revolution has
come, and he wlo fails to fall into lino
will be left behind. I have never testified
in favor of auy instrument through the
press before. I have been deterred from
so doing, 'mainly, by seeing many profes
sionals of more or less prominence and
talent giving or selling their names in un
measured approval of band instruments, 1
pianos, &c, promiscuously, Horn the oest
to the worst. Even in the preseut in
stance I feel misgivings that many a
"smart aleck" will class me with those
who aid swindles. I can hardly blame
such, for country towos are flooded with
circulars of organ, pianoy aud pretended
band instrument makers, overflowing
with certificates of professional men, tes
tifying that every one of them makes
finer instruments that all the rest, so that
all are superior, to each and each-is supe
rior to all ! ! I Trumpet Sotes.
From the Davidson Kecord.
Clemmoxsville, N. C, June 4.
Mb. EiiTon. Ilow far does the late
decision of the Supreme Court of the
Lited States in the case of Edwards rr.i
Kearsey effect exemptions allowed to
poor debtors, as against old debts T This
is a questio of much importance to many
thousauds orJoor people at this time,
and it ought tOBcorrectly auswered at
once. It seems ro your coorcspoudent
that the exemption laws of the State in
existence at the time of the contract was
made must inhere in the contract, though
they have since been repealed by the Gen
eral Assembly. This may seem a startling
proposition to some, but it appears to be
justified by the opinion of the ourt in
the case under consideration.- In that
opinion the court says :
"It is the settled doctrine of this court
that the laws which subsist at- the time
and place of making a contract enter into
and form a part of it as if they were ex
pressly reerred topr incorporated into its
terms. Aud this rule embraces alike those
which affect its validity, construction,
discharge and enforcement."
This is familiar learning to every con
stitutional lawyer. And is it not clear
from it that every creditor in taking the
note, or other obligation, of his debtor
"expressly" contracts and agrees to allow
him whatever exemptions may at that
time be allowed to poor debtors by the
laws of the State ? Aud are not both of
the parties to such a contract equally
bound by it, and has not each tho same
right to insist upon aud enforce its per
formance by the other I Are lot the ob
ligations of such a contract mutual, and
is not a law which impairs the obligation
of the contract on the one sub as uncon
stitutional as that which impairs it on
the other t Areoiot rights acquired by
virtue of such contracts, under the laws
which "enter into and form a part of
them, that no subsequent Legislature cau
divest! These questions are respectful
ly addressed to the bar, for the purpose
of having the whole matter discussed
and settled by that learned and honorable
profession, to which sucbqiiestions prop
pel 1 v belong. i
I have not the slightest iuterest in the
matter beyond the sympathy I feel for
the unfortunate. Very raspet tf ill y
L.H:
FUNERAL UTXU1UES.
A decision of a Pennsysvania "Judge
strikes very properly at the foolish cus
torn of having showy and costly funerals,
whether the family of tho deceased can
afford it or not.- Under any circumstan
ces, the setting up a tawdry parade on
ksuch occassions is in exceeding bad taste;
but when the cost becomes a positive
burden to tho family it is still more inex
disable. . The decision arose out of the
application of an administrator for an al
lowance on account of burial expenses,
tvtrich amounted to one hundred and
thirty-nine dollars and seventy-live cents,
when the total personal property left ,by
the deceased was only five hundred and
t ighty-om? dollars. The Judge prompt
Iv and Drone rlv refused to allow any
Buch charge, declaring that "pompous
processions of great length, glistening
silver caskets, and carved marble monu
ments are not necessary for christian
"burials." "Such parades are called "fine
funerals,? the Judge continues, J"and
may gratify the vanity of the living, but
no respect for the dead demands them ;
and when a deceased's estate is limited,
and debts are not paijf where he
leaves a family of helpless children, the
expenses of such burials will not bo al
lowed out of his estate.- Those who con
tract to enjoy such luxuries must pay
for them'themselves." The Judge's views
will be concurred in by seusible people
everywhere.
Charlottf JngtituU: for . Young Ladie$ to
Rev. S.Taylor Martin, principal of tlve.
Charlotte Institute for Young Ladies, has
decided to enter the ministry again, and
will consequently give up the charge of
the institution at the close of the present
session. The trustees have recently made
arrangements with Rev. T. M. Atkinson,
of Raleigh, to assume control, and it is ex
pected that he will move with his family
to this ity sometime in August next.
Mr. Atkinson's plans are not known yet,
but it is stated that he desiries to com
bine several of the female schools of the
city, withthe view of bringing about a
greater efficiency iu all. Mr. Atkinson is
known all over the State and out of it, as
an accomplished and cultivated gentle
man, and one peculiarly adapted to the
teacher's work.
Mr. Martin has been contemplating a
return to the active ministy for some time,
but has been prevented from doing so by
an affection of the throat, which caused
him to. cease his labors in that field sever
al years ago, but, from which lie thinks
himself now partially relieved. He goes
to take chargejoHIendersonville and Mill
River churches in Henderson county, be
lieving that the climate of that region is
best for tho malady with which he is af
fected. It is to be hoped that he will soon
find himself able to euter a wider field
where his splendid talents may exert a
greater influence iu the cause ot tuo
Church. Cliarlotte Observer.
A Venerable Terrapin. Jas. Boyd while
working in the garden on the old Newhart
garden, now the property of C. P. Men-
denhall, on the Northwest suburbs, pick
ed up a small terrapin with the following
cut on the shell underneath. "A. I). 1863,
May 30 Eli Yail Co. B, Ohio Vol. Artil
lery."
On the back was engraved some sort
of a shield which is too much worn to
show what it was.
This little fellow has been traveling
about for 13 years and was picked up
Within thirry yards of where the battery
stood, to which the man who engraved
him belonged, and he is as agile and hap
py as when he first fell into the hands of
the Buckeye volunteer.
Mr. Boyd will have 1878 engraved upon
the shell, to show when it was picked up
the secoud time, and then turn his ter-
rapeuship
triot.
loose again. Greensboro Pa-
The Next.Htate .Fair. The Executive
Committee of the North Carolina Agri
cultural Society held a meeting last night
at the Yarborough House, and much busi
of interest was transacted of the prepar
atory work of the next State Fair. A.
Creech,xE-q., Chairman and C. B. Den
son, Secretary. The Secretary as usual,
presented a number of encouraging letters
with their usual liberal contributions to
the premium list, which are steadily grow
ing to a handsome sum. Ho also repor
ted that applications for space were now
being made by large manufacturers of all
descriptions of goods, including steam
engiues and musical instruments in such
number, variety and quality as arc rarely
seen at a State Fair. He is at work, pre
paring for the premium list at present,
and would be pleased to receive co:itrib:i-'
tions. Several important communications
were received and fully discussed, but
final action was postponed until the next
meeting.
A. Cueca, Chairman.
C. B. Dexsox, Sec'y.
Ealcigh Ob.
Colliery Explosion.
Loxdox, June 7. This afternoon the
Echo says a fearful colliery explosion has
occurred in Evans colliery at Haydock
near St Helen's, in Lancashire. Three
hundred persons are reported killed.
LoxDOif, June 7. The colliery explo
sion referred to by the Echo was in Evans
"Wood Pit colliery at Haydock, six miles
south of Wigan. The number of men in
the pit is estimated at 250. Many have
been brought up badly injured. 'The lar
ger portion are believed to have been
killed. It is impossible to explore the
mine in consequence of the fire damp.
Xo Prohibition for Concord. Concord
township held an election Thursday to de
cide whether or not the sale of liquor
should be prohibited in the township,
which resulted in no prohibition. The vote
, stood : license, 100; prohibition, 60. Con
cord tried prohibition one year, and the
anti-prohibitionist have never had any
fears since. Char. Obs.
The Gilbert Elevated Railway, in New
York is complete, and Strains began to
run on Thursday at interTalii of x min
utes. The New York rTespondent of
the Philadelphia Ledger jrrites 5
"The cars are very comToriable and
run very smoothly. By the middle of the
day they were crowded with " passengers,
a majority of whom were ladies. On
some of the trips during the afternoon
the crowd was so great that many of the
passengers had to stand, just as in the
horse cars, but this inconvenience, the
company say, will s be obviated as soon
as they can get their rolling1 stock in use.
There are now in opeUoif twenty-five
locomotives and sixty cars."'
Tobacco FMtorierlnJIicicorjf.
There are now four tobacco factories in
this' place In " operation. v The jfeising of
obacco in the surrounding community
and the manufacturing of it in the town
is what the Press has been advocating
for several years, but our hopes were not
realized until quite recently. Through
out the Piedmont section there is now a
great deal of the weed grown and some
of the farmers have became skilled in its
culture and are raisiug very fine crops.
Piedmont Press.
Convicts Discharged The authorities
will discharge on to-day two convicts
Riddick Davis (colored), convicted in
Chowan county of larceuy and sentenced
"to the penitentiary September Gth, 1875.
He is 73 years old, 5 feet 8 inches high,
black eyes, grey hair, and weighed when
admitted 174. pounds. Also Joseph Mc
Arver (white), convicted iu Gaston coun
ty of manslaughter, and sentenced to the
penitentiary November 3, 1873. He is
24 years old, five feet G inches high, blue
eyes, sandy hair, and weight when admit
ted 15(i pound. Kal. Odserver.
It is estimated that about $14,900,M)0
of fractional currency has been lost or
destroyed. This sort of money was the
most profitable to the government of any
ever ismied ; but while this was being
saved, two hundred millions were being
stolen by Radical thieves. Washington
Post.
The Potter resolution to appoint a com
mittee to investigate the Florida and
Louisiana frauds passed, 145 Democrats
voting in the affirmative, and two Demo-
crats in uic negative, viz : .uiu, i iai
and Morse, of Mass. The Republicans
refused to vote.
Young ladies, never run and hide from
a young man because you have on a plain
calico dress, aud are not fixed up as well
as you like. If he is the right kind of a
chap he will liko you just as well, or even
better.
Clocks with a phonograph attachment
instead of striking he hour will call out
in the morning: "Hallo, John, time to
get up," or may politely invite "Dear
Charles," or "Henry" to go home when
10 o'clock p. m. arrives. Boston Post.
"Before we were married," said he,
"she used to say bye-bye so sweetly, as
I went down the steps." "And what
does she say now?" asked his friend.
"Oh! just the same buy, buy!" "Oli !
I see, she only exercises a different spell
over you."
Brown tried to quarrel with his moth-er-iu-law
the oth r evening. He mar
ried the eldest of seven girls. Said she,
"Brown, my boy, I'm not going to ruin
my reputation by quarreling with you.
Wait till all the gills are married. At
present, as a mother-in-law, I'm only an
amateur. '
Col. Walter L. Steele has been recom
mended for re-nomination to Congress
by the citizens of Richmond county. He
has made a faithful and efficient member
and deserves another terra. Piedmont
Press.
Grand Military Excursion. Tho Golds
boro Rifles will have an excursion to
Morehead City and Beaufort ou the 18th
inst., aud remain three days.
Jrresf of a North Carolina Merchant.
Special Dispatch to Baltimore Sun.
Richmond, Va., June 7.
W. F. Trogdeu, of the firm of W. P.
Trogden & Co., merchants of Greeusboro,
N. C, has been arrested iu that city,
brought here, and committed to jail to
day, to answer an indictment charging
him with obtaining goods under false pre
tences from merchauts in this city. Trog
den's. creditors have notified those in Bal
timore and Philadelphia of his arrest.
His creditors have employed counsel to
assist the Commonwealth's attorney in
the prosecution. Trogden is confident
that he can establish his innocence.
Another horse of great endurance and
speed has come to the front. At St. Louis
Harkaway beat Maulstick two heats two
miles, making the best time ever known,
3.35J. He is prouonuced one of the best
horses yet folded.
To Protect Animals from Flies. A gal
lon of warm water poured on a painful of
walnut leaves will make a safe wash for
horses and cattle and save them the an
noyance of flies. We recommend its use
daily until w hear of something better.
THE TRACKS OP THE CONSPIRACY.
If the letter of John Sherman to Weber
and Anderson giving a "guarantee that
they would be provided for as swn after
the 4th of March as may be practicable,"
stood alone, it ought to be sufficient for
his condemnation. It was a bargain to pro
cure the success of a monstrous fraud, and
one of the means by which the Presidency
was stolen. But it does not stand alone.
Mr. Sherman himself, in his testimony be
fore the Potter Committee, has confirmed
the charge involved in the letter by vir
tually confessing that he wrote it. His
confession makes the chain of testimony
against him irrefragable.
That John Sherman was the chief con
spirator in the Louisiana business never
has been doubtful to men of experience
and knowleder- His sehemins brain plan
ned the method of operations. He per
sonally superintended its execution in
New Orleans, from the fabricated protests
down to the dramatic introduction of Eli
ra Pinkston, and then he hurried off to
Washington with a mass of perjured testi
mony, made to order for the Returning
Board, in the hope of forestalling public
opinion, and of rallying the Republican
party to the support of the Fraud.
The project of sending a commission to
New Orleans was itself an intentional de
ception, of which Grant may or may not
have lieen the dupe. In the letter which
Grant addressed to the visitiug statesmen
he requested them "to see that the Board
of Canvassers make a fair count of the
vote actually cast." That was the exter
nal instruction. Let us see how it was
followed. On the 14th of November, Judge
Trumbull, Gov. Palmer, Senators McDon
ald, Stevenson arid Bogy, Speaker Ran
dall, and others addressed a letter to John
Sherman, .Stanley Matthews, E. W.
Stoughton, John A. Kasson, and their as
sociates, to the following eflect :
"The uuienstxneu, therefore. In view of the unhap
py controversies which have heretofore arisen from
the action of the Returning Board of the State, where
Its action could not in any event change the result
of a Presidential election, and In view of the desire
of all pood men that efTect should be given to the will
of the majority, as lawfully expressed, respectfully
ask you, or such of you as arc present, to meet and
confer witn them, personally or through committees,
as may be deemed most wise, In order that such In
fluence as we may possess may be exerted In behalf
of such a canvass of the votes actually cast as by Its
fairness aud Impartiality shall command the respect
and acquiescence of the American people of all par
ties." No proposition could be fairer or more
honorable than this, if an honest count
was desired or if the result of a strict scru
tiny was not feared. But John Sherman
and his associates knew tho State had vo
ted for Tilden by a large majority, and
they last of all wanted a joint committee
to see that Wells and his coufedrates did
not falsify the records. They returned1
the following answer on the 16th of No
vember: "We Join heartily with you In counsels of peace
and In the expression of an earnest desire for a per
fectly honest and Just declaration of the results of
the recent election In Louisiana by Its lawfully con
stluted authorities ; and we may add that ve know of
no reanuH to doubt that tch a declaration will not be
nuvie. .J-rrwe do not see the propriety or utility of
a conference on the basis and subject to the limita
tions you propose, for we have no such duty imposed
on us as suggested by the clause of your note first
quoted."
That refusal of course prevented any co
operation, aud notified Mr. Tilden's friends
what they had to expect at the bauds of
the visiting statesmen and the Returning
Board. Three days after this answer was
sent, that is, on Sunday evening, the 19th
of November, Sherman met Weber and
Anderson and conferred with them as to
their intended action regarding the forged
protests. The next day they demanded a
guarautee in writing, and John Sherman
wrote it in the terms of his now well
known letter of the 20th November, 1876
the authorship of which he himself so
effectively admitted on Saturday, June 1,
in reply to the questions of Mr. Potter.
The incidents of the Louisiana conspi
racy run so closely together that they can
not be seperated, and they tell their own
story most clearly. They are links iu the
same chaiu. Everybody knows what fol
lowed John Sherman's bargain with An
derson and Weber, how Louisiana was
stolen, and how the damning proofs of the
guilt were dragged to light. Four months
ago, Tom Andersou was indicted and tried
for issuing forged returns, aud found guil
ty, though he subsequently escaped the
penalty of the law by a small technicality.
While he was in jail, Sherman, Garfield,
Stanley Matthews, and Hale addressed
him a letter, which hardly hasji parallel
for audacity, and makes clear to all the
world that they were in the power of An
derson. Here is a sample of their utter
ances :
The undersigned feel It due to you, under present
circumstances, to assure you ot our unhesitating be
lief that, In the matter wherein you stand charged,
you are altogether guiltless ot any offence against
law-that you are falsely accused and maliciously
persecuted ; that the proceeding against you, though
in Lhe form of law. Is without the substance of Jus-
ti.'P that we tender our earnest sympathies and ex.
press our hope that the sense ot Justice and love ot
peace ot the people of Louisiana wlU protect you,"
These "visiting statesmen" were well
aware of the part that Andersou had play
ed with Wells. Behind his prison walls
he had signified that if means were not
found to release him he would open his
budget as his namesake has done, and
Rtartle the country with his revelations.
This letter was intended to pacify him un
til Hayes and all concerned could bring
influences to bear ou Nicholls aud the
Courts to save him from the penitentiary.
Ther succeeded, and this mau who offer
ed to sell the vote of Louisiana to the
highest bidder, and had his proposal
Baltimore, New Orleans, and New York.'
is now Deputy Collector, while his chief,
Wells, has been drawing his pay as Sur
veyor of New Orleans during tlie last
three months.
Meanwhile John Sherman is Secretary
of the Treasury, and confesses that he
suborned Anderson and Weber to stand
firm by the fraudulent protests without
which Hayes could not have leen couut
ed in. iY. T. Sun.
We copy the following from a "circular
in 1-efereuce to American Archaeology" :
Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, D. C, Feb. 1, 1878.
For more than a quarter of a century,
the Smithsonian Institution lias been en
gaged inresearchea cqncertiiDg . the an
tiquities of America. As the result of its
efforts many important ruemoirsTiave
been prepared, aud published in its Au
nual Reports aud in the Contributions to
Knowledge; and the National Museum, in
charge of the Institution, has become the
depository of-the largest and most valua
ble collection of American aboriginal relics
in the world.
Iu continuation of previous efforts in
the same direction, the Institution con
templates the publication of an exhaus
tive work on American Archaeology, with
numerous illustrations. This will be ac
companied by a series of maps, exhibiting
by appropriate signs and colors the local
ities aud distinctive characteristics of
ancien t mon nds and ea rth works; shell-heaps;
cave and cliff-dtcellings; masonry; sculp
tured slabs or carved images; inscriptions
and rock paintings; graves and cemeteries;
aboriginal quarries and salt works; arches
or deposits of objects in large qaantities;
workshojts or places of ancient aboriginal
industry; ancient roads or trails; and reser
voirs and aqueducts.
To this end the Institution desires to
collect from every available source, what
ever is now known, or can be ascertained
by special investigation, of the antiquities
of North America; and it invites tho co
operation of all into whose hands this-cTr-cular
"may fall. If the recipient has not
the time or the disposition for such inqui
ries, he is requested to hand it to some one
in his neighborhood who is knowuto be,
or who is likely to become, interested iu
such matters, with the request to corres
poud directly with the Smithsonian In
stitution upon the subject."
McLin of Florida stands by the state
ments made by him iu his now historical
confession. He testified on Saturday le
fore the sub-committee of Congressional
investigators that, two or three days after
the Presidential election of 1876, tele
graphic dispatches began to arrive from
such prorainent Northern Republicans as
Zachariah and William E. Chandler, the
gist of which was that everything depend
ed on Florida, and that an effort must be
made after the election, remember to
give the vote of the State to Hayes. Pres
ently arrived William E. Chandler, Gen.
Noyes, Gen. Wallace, Gen. Barlow, Attorney-General
Little of Ohio, and others.
McLin was given to understand that two
or three of these visitors represented
Hayes, and in particular that whatever
Gen. Noyes said or did, Hayes would rat
ify. Gen. Wallace told him several times I
that the members of the Returning Board
of whom McLin was one would le
"taken care of." On one occasion, Wil
liam E. Chandler, professing to sjieak for
Noyes and Wallace, as well asforhimself,
told him that if the State went for Hayes,
he and Cowgill, another mcmler of the
Returning Board, would be "well taken
care of." When the board met to canvass
the vote, there were two or three returns
from Baker county. If one (the bogus
Driggers one) was counted, Mr. Hayes's
majority in the State on the -face of the
returns would be about 40: if they count
ed the other or others, Tilden would have
ji majority in the State of about 95. Mc
Lin pigeonholed the other returns, laid
the Driggers return before the board, and
it was counted. He did this because it
was the most formal and "the most fa
vorable to Hayes." He also joined in
in throwing out enough precincts to give
Hayes an apparent majority of eight or
nine hundred. After the board complet
ed this canvass. Gen. Noyes called on
him, thanked him, and told him he had
acted nobly. Subsequently, Noyes wrote
him that he had written to the President,
urging him to give Mr. McLin an appoint
ment. X. i'- Sun.
Churning in Summer.
Churning in summer is best done in
the morning early, while it is cool ; in
winter it must be done in a warm place.
Rapid churning is not the best, but an
even, steady, moderately slow time fifty
to sixty strokes of the dash per minute,
will gencraly bring the butter in thirty
minutes. If the cream is slightly acid
and of the right temperature, say 55 to 60
degress, it will require less than half an
hour. We believe that butter produced
in about that time or in 40 minutes is
better for keeping than that produced in
longer r shorter time.
A sharp talking lady was reproved by
her husband, who requested her to keep
her tongne hi her mouth. "My dear," She
said "it's against the law to carry con
cealed weapons."
scieanPiFic
NTEDILP-
VIANS.
Tin accompanying illustration repiy
sents mime very impoi tauriseoveries of
gigantic fossils, which were unearthed
last year in the Rocky Mountains, near
Morrisons, Bear Creek, Colorado by the
Rev. Arthnr Lakes, Professor of Geology
aJarTis Hall, Colorado, The interest
of these Discoveries lies in the fact that
they have been fouud in strata pronoun'
ced by professional geologist to Ihj barren
of vertebrate fossils. Some of these re--mains
have beeu reached byJMasting iu "
the hard sandstone, and others have been
dug out of a bed of soft clay lyiug be
neath the rock, and these latterarc very
pcrfcc,aud of monstrous sise. Thus some,
mttf Colossal reTtebr vragi
from 11 to 15 inches in diameter, and one '
mass of vertebne, consisting of three rer-
tebraj ossified together, measures nearly 3
feet square. Close by its side; as repre
sented in the sketch, is anotherjimg bone,
3 feet 10 inches long and 22 inches at tho
butt end, possibly a scapala ; but by far
the most enormous bone is a portion of a
femur, or thigh bone, measuring five feet
iu length, 28 by 12 inches in diameter,
and the shaft 14 inches wide by 8 iuche
thick, weighing GOO lbs. Lying ou th
ground, like, the pillar of some ancient
temple, nothing can impress the observer
more than this bone with the magnitude
of tho animal to which it belonged this
being ouly a portion of a bone which
when complete, is presumed to have been
7 to 8 feet l(Mi, and formed part of . a
leg fully 12 feet in length. These remains
have been pronounced by professor Marsh
Lf Yale College to lolong to the cretace
ous period, and to those of a new and
gigantic species ot Dinosaur the largest
ever discovered, and the largest known
laud animal ; he names it Tttaitositurus
montanus, and estimates the creature,
wiien alive, to have been-fully sixty feet
long, and when standing erect on its hind
legs, after the custom of Jiinowms, to
feed on the foilageof the. mountain forest
to have been eighty-five feet high.
With the Titanomruru were found oth
er Dinosaurs, one nolL larger than a eat
(Xanosaurus), also the remains of a turtle,
an almost perfect crudita's head, with
teeth, aud several pjocallm vertebr.ev
Of these Professor Marsh says, in his ad
dress before the American Association, at
Nashville, Tenn.: "The beds of the Rocky
Mountain Wealdeu have just provided
us with a genuine 'missing link' a sau
rian Diplvsaurus, with essentially tho
skull and teeth of a modern crocodile,
and the vertebrae of its predecessor from
the Trias. This peculiar reptile clearly
represents an iiuportaut stage in the pro-
gressive series, aud evidently one soon
after the separation of the crocodile branch
from the main stem."
The sketch (made on the spot by a cor
respondent of the London Graphic) ou
page 375 represents the Ikhics after tlrey
had beeu freed from their rocky surroun
dings, before being packed and forwarded'
to the Yale Museum. These excavations t
have been carried ou by -Professor Lakes
since March of last year, with all the eager
interest of a Layard disintering Nineveh,
or of a Schliemann exhuming Troy.
Shicntific American.
Eels A ttackting Shad
The Hartford (Conn.) 77nicsays: "Eels
often attack the had in the nets, after
the shad have been caught, in the river.
They enter the shad at tlucgill openiugs.
aud suck out the spawn and entrails, leav
ing the fish perfectly clean. Fishermen
say that the shad thus attacked are the
best, for the eels will .not enter any but
the fattest fih. Eels also follow the shad
all the way up the river, and devour tho
spawn. Were it not for these- natural
destroyers the shad would increase to an
amazing extent."
THE IRISH FAMINE. .
Raleigh, N. C.May 31, 1873.
Editor of the Journal of Commerce:
How long would it have taken to have
relieved the great Irish famine, with pre
ent grain receipts of Chicago ! P. A. W.
Reply. The necessary consumption of
wheat and corn to satisfy the population
of Ireland at the time of the famine reach
ed about 577,000 bnshels pr week. The
receipts at. Chicago at the date of ihw
alHiveJetter were running about 700,(jOO
bushels per day.
ABOUT SUGAR.
Strawberries contain 5,86 per cent of
their w eight of glucose, cherries 10, whke
currents 6,40, and hothouse grapes 18.37
pineapples, ou the other hand, contain,
.J er cent of ciine sugar, apriuol 6",
and oranges 4. The KOgarxaiie, when per
fectly ripe, contains 18 per cent of sagnr.
The juice of the KUgar-bert eou tains. about
14 per cent of sugar. In Havana we learn
that there is one cano factory capably of;
producing 125 tons of wugar per dtemi In
many factories the use ofblfvvl is now1 en
tirely dispensed with, though great caro
is required in the management of thefii
t ration.
Yoaifjrxorn i li.i:ir vieit. Cotton in min
er fcmall for ihe Mtni nl in !y? op m in
come section of the .t.nrT.2-l'roo't
emer. - -
t