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i'i THE Cj&BOLIN A WATC REJECTS USE ALL APPLES YOU CAN TO SAVE FOOD FOR ALLIES E RUSSIAN PORT FID AT $2.20 BO. POPE'S PEACE IDEA Americans Should Eat Fruit and Vegetables So Meat and RIGA IS EVACUATED BY DEFEND ' ERS WHQ FLEE EASTWARD IN DISORDER. GOVERNOR OF- ILLINOIS ANti CHICAGO MAYOR CRITICISE EACH OTHER. NAVAL ACTIVITY. NEAR GREAT SLAV PORT INDICATES DUAL OFFENSIVE. APPLIES TO . PURCHASES MADE BYE GOVERNMENT FOR AMER WILSON'S REJECTION CONSIDER ED AS HIGH-WATER MARK OF WAR. OFFICIALS E 0F1EAT IS GERMANS CAPTUR CLASH OVER ORDERS ON RIGA IS PLANNED Wheat May Be Sent Overseas. Our allies In war against the kaiser ICA AND ALLIES. i m V BOIID TO PETROBRAD OPEN Great Fortress and Arsenals May Have Been Destroyed Before Evacuation. No Indications of Russians Estab lishing New Line. Riga, Russia's big porttpn the Gulf of Riga, is in the hands of the Ger mans and its garrison and the civilian population are in retreat eastward. Followng up rapidly the advantage they gained in driving the Russians across the Divina river on both sides of Uxkull last Saturday, the Germans threw bridges across this stream and soon were on the heels of the former defenders, some of whom offered re sistance, but others of whom showed the white feather, giving the 'invaders no trouble in marching up the eastern bank of the Divina toward Riga, 15 miles distant. Seeing the disaffection and the inability to stem the tide of. the advance, the Russian commander or dered an evacuation. With the falling back of the Rus sians from the city proper and the ad vance of the Germans northward along both sides of the stream, the Rus sians still defending the western bank around Dahmlen seemingly are in dan ger of being caught' between the two fast moving bodies of the enemy and made prisoners. Behind them th e Russians in their retreat from Riga are laying the coun try in waste, burning villages and farms. Whether the city itself remains intact has not yet been made known tout doubtless the gun s in the fortress and the ammunition stores either were moved or ' destroyed to prevent them from falling into the hands of the Ger mans. Aside from the strategic value of controlling the gulf of Riga and of a base nearer the mouth of the Gulf of Finland at the head of which Petro grad is situated for the moment it is impossible to see the importance of the German gain especially with the near approach ot winter, when mili tary operations in this northern region are almost impossible. Where the Rus sians will draw their new line in the north to connect with that below the point of penetration by the ' Germans also remains to be seen. On none of the other fronts have there been operations of great moment except in the Austro-Italian theater, where the Italians have made further progress on the Bainsizza pleateau and in the Brestovlzza Valley and at various points alpng the line have re pulsed fresh counter-attacks launched by the Austrians. Throughout this entire theater violent artillery duels are in progress from Tolmino to the sea. Advices to the Italian embassy in Washington are to the effect that along the front of the present offensive the Austrians have lost more than 128,000 men. Reports from Udine, Italy, give the Austrian losses as one third of the first line army. The batteries of Field Marshal Haig are still pouring an incessant fire against the German trenches in Flan ders ,but as yet the anticipated new dash by his men to capture them has not started. WORLD CONFLICT WILL END "WHEN WE WIN IT." In Labor Day Address Secretary Baker Says We Will Win. Newport News, Va. Before one of the largest crowds ever assembled here for a labor day celebration, Sec retary of War Newton D. Baker de clared that the war with Germany will end "wheiS we win it," paid a high tribute to Samuel Gompers, president of the American Federation of Labor, and to labor and laboring men gener ally; urging his hearers to assist in every way possible to win the war, and proclamed Newport News and vicinity "one of the most active cen ters of war preparation in the coun try." Discussing the war, and after re viewing its cause, he drew a vivid word picture of the horrible slaugh ter of innocent women and children, and declared that the question is "whether authocracy ' or democracy shall rule the world." In closing Mr. Baker said that the country has a firm determination to flight until victory is won,, so that "in one hand we will hold victors, and in the other the mantle of justice and will wipe out all bitterness, and bring together the great brotherhood of man for which we are now contending." ASSOCIATED PRESS AROUSED OVER ARIZONIA CENSORSHIP. Phoenix, Ariz. Acting upon com plaint of : Melville E. Stone, general manager of: the Associated . Press, At torney General Wiley E. Jones took up. with Thomas A. Flynn, United States district attorney, the mater of te censorship exercised by officials of the Phelps Dodge corporation over the Western tJnion office at Bisbee at the time of the deportation of Industrial Workers of the World from that place Tuly 1. . - PEACE SOCIETY IS FORMED Pacifists Organize in Chicago Under Police Protection While Soldiers Speed to Break Up the Gathering and Disperse the Organizers. Chicago. After being driven from ' three states, the People's Council of America for Democracy and the Term of Peace perfected a formal or ganization at a public . meeting in Chicago. The session was held under protec tion of the police, acting on orders from Mayor William Hale Thompson, which were in defiance of Governor Lowden. Four companies of national guardsmen rushed from the state capital on a special train to prevent the meeting arrived after it had ad journed, its purpose accomplished. The clash in authority between Mayor Thompson and Governor Low den came as the result of the action of the police in breaking up the paci fists' meeting on orders from the gov ernor. When the mayor, who was at' his summer home at Lake Forest, heard of it he declared that the gov ernor had exceeded his authority and immediately instructed Chief of Po lice Schuettler to permit the meeting and to give the delegates every pro tection. When ' the pacifiists heard of the mayor action immediate prepara tions were made to hold the meeting which had been prevented in Minne sota, North Dakota and Wisconsin and had been forbidden as unpatriotic and disloyal by the government of Illinois." Organization Formed. The delegates gathered shortly af ter noon at the West Side aditorium in the heart of a cosmopolitain quar ter. Patrolmen were on guard inside and outside the building to suppress any disorder Nearby streets were utterly deserted as the delegates took their places and were called to order by Seymour Stedman, former Social ist candidate for governor of Illinois, as temporary chairman. In the meantime Governor Lowden had been notified of the defiance of his orders and immediately called Ad jutant General Dickson of Illinois Into conference. It was found that as most of the Illinois national guards men had been federalized the governor had no troops at his disposal in the Chicago district. An effort was made to reach Major General Carter, com mander of the central department, to obtain his permission, to use federal troops, but he could not be found in time. SIXTY-FIVE BALES SET AS MINIMUM CAR LOAD War Board Will Take Steps to Ease Tremendous Pressure Upon Rail ways During Fall Months. New York. An order prohibiting the shipping of cotton in, quantities less than sixty-five bales a car and requir ing as many more'to be loaded as the size of the car will permit, has been issued by the railroads war board,, it was announcewd here. ' Notice has been sent to buyers of cotton with a request that they place orders on a basis of not less than sixty-five bales or multiples thereof. , The movement of the cotton crop which is scheduled to "begin this fall at a time when "a combination of gov ernment and commercial business will be bringing tremendous pressure to bear upon the railroads" was given as the reason for the order in a statement' issued by Fairfax Harrison, chairman of the board. "In the southwest and , Mississippi delta districts the average car will load 65 bales," the statement said, "'consequently buyers are asked to or der in multiples of 65 from the south west and in multiples of 75 from the southeast districts. WANT 22,000,000 CHILDREN FOR JUNIOR RED CROSS Washington. Launching of a. Junior Red Cross membership in which will be open to all school children of the United States, was announced by the American Red Cross. It is hoped to as semble 22,000,000 children into a body that materially will assist in the work of the main organization. The move ment was planned by Dr. H. N. Mc cracken, president of Vassar, with the co-operation of many educational authorities. ELEVEN OF EVERY 1000 SOLDIERS AT FRONT DIE Washington. About eleven soldiers are killed in action or die of wounds In each 1,000 of mobilized strength on the western European front according to figures compiled by the committee on public information, based on the report that during the Marne and Charleroi battles casualties were 5.41 estimates of military erperts in this per cent of the' mobilized strength and country that fatalities have never ex deeded twenty per cent of casualties. RUSSIAN SHIPS ARE BOMBED In the North of Dvinsk the Russians Have Taken the Offensive and Are Carrying Out Raiding Operations. Italians Renew Offensive. Having failed in all their direct attacks by land to break the Russian front and capture Riga, Russia's prin cipal naval base and arsenal on the Baltic, the possibility that the Ger mans are now preparing for, an of fensive by land and sea is forecast in the maneuvers of their topedoboat destroyers, submarine and mine-sweep- ing trawlers in adjacent waters andlVJPuncfc111611 w&s made from the in aerial attacks in the gulf of RigilS'We House. . itself. Forty airplanes of the enemy have; winged their flight over the waters of the gulf dropping bombs. Ninety bf these missiles were loosed upon .Rus sian warships and harbor works and raids were also carried out against islands in the gulf. What damage, if any, .resulted, is not stated in the Russian official communication. Neither Russian nor Berlin' war of fices has announced the recommence ment of infantry activity in the marshy district west, of Riga, where recently the Germans made advances, although Berlin says that northwest of Dvinsk, in the region of Illukst, the .Russians have taken the offensive" and are carrying out raiding oper ations. The situation on the other sectors of the Russian front has changed materially. The Italians are still making gains on the : Bainsizza plateau north of Gorizia and also have renewed their offensive to the south on the- Carso plateau.. More than 600 additional Austrian prisoners and five machine' guns have been captured in the Bain-siz-za region. South of this region, on the dominating peak of Monte ' San gadiele, more ground has been taken. SECOND LIBERTY LOAN DRIVE IS ANNOUNCED. Great Campaign to Begin October 1. Details Depend on Congress. Washington. The opening of the next liberty campaign has been set tentatively by the treasury depart ment for October 1. Subscription books will close No vember 1 unless the program is alter ed. The amount, the interest rate, the denominations of the bonds and other details will be announced after Congress disposes of the pending bond bill. Indications are that the next offer ing will approximate $3,000,000,000. Whether it will be advertised by the government .through paid newspaper space is under consideration, but Sec retary McAdoo said the cost of such an undertaking would exceed the ap propriation now available for the pur pose. He added that there could be no action until more light had been re ceived as to the cost of effective ad vertising campaign and until Congress had decided what amount will be al lowed for advertising for future is sues. " " Under the war revenue bill, passed last April, $7,000,000 was made avail able for expenses of floating $5,000, 000,000 in bonds and $2,000,000,000 in short time certificates of indebted ness. Itis reported that about half already has been disbursed, in con nection with the flotation of the $2.- 000,000,000 liberty bonds first offered and the certificates of indebtedness put out in advance of the loan. DEPOSED EMPEROR OF ABYSSINIA "IS CAPTURED. London. Lidj Jsassu, the deposed emperor of Abyssinia, who escaped from Magdala, has been captured, ac cording to a dispatch' to The Dail3' Mail from Jibuti, French Somaili land. COTTON PRODUCTION ESTIMATES INCREASE. Washington. Cotton production prospects improved to the extent of 450,000 bales during - August and brought the estimate of final out turn to 12,499,000 equivaleat 500 pound !'3r the fire from the armies of their bales. That quantity was forecast by -1o Icountries.. Reports made by Rus the department of agriculture on the sisoldiers who have escaped from condition of the crop August 25, which ,'GSftoany and which have been trans- showed decline of 2.5 points compar- ed with a ten year average of 6.6 points decline. Acre yield was fore casted at 174.6 pounds. The cotton crop forecast compares With 11,949,000 bales as estimated from the condition of the crop July 25 and 11,633,000 bales as. estimated from the condition on June 25. Last year's crop was 11,449,930 bales, two years ago 11,1914,820, three years ago ,16,134,930 and four years ago 14, 156,486. Condition by, states follow: Virginia, 76; North Carolina, 69; South Carolina, 74; Georgia, 68; Flor ida, 65; Alabama 65; Mississippi, 75; Louisiana, 75; Texas, 55; Arkansas, 79; Tennessee, 80; Oklahoma, 84; California 90; Arizona, 89. FHS EXPECTED TO OBJECT FootfAdministration Expects Compro mte Price of $2.20 to Control and Stabilize Markets, Lowering the Cost Off-iving. Washington. The . price of No. 1 northern spring wheat was fixed at $2;2 a bushel at Chicago for the 1917 cronby the wheat fair price commit teeiheaded by H. A. Garfield, whose findings reaehed after three days' de libevfation, were submitted to and ap- proved by President Wilson. The kbor representatives on the com mittee voted first for $1.84 and the 'fanners $2.50., After long discussions the; Compromise at $2.20 was approved unanimously. - s up tne' base oi ?z.zu at Chicago tne ioo$ administration worked out dif ferentials for the various grades and clashes -and for the several terminals. Tie price fixed is twenty cents high- 5r tian that named for the 1918 crop V Congress in the food control bill. i,nfti.$2 price set by congress was tak- ivjn :nto consideration by the commit- V ;-t 2?f 1 f J eein considering a rair vaiuauon "orchis year's crop. Iaja statement accompanying the mn&uncement of the price, President Vilson declares.it is the- hope-of the o i administration, and his own as ' :e J, that the fixing of a price will abilize the market and keep prices Jthin moderate bounds for all trans itions during the current year. LMhe price of -flour, and bread too, vjTje president aeciares, wur De Kepi a '-The committee in its report to the f Resident, gave as the three chief considerations that, entered into its liberations the following: he fact that the United States is ja5war, the need of encouraging the f.ducer, and the necessity of reduc lithe cost of living to the consumer. ilfmembers agreed in their discus 's? thfet tne Prioe fixed wlU permit 'to urteen-ounce loaf of bread for N cents, allowing a fair profit both ,he flour manufacturer and the H .eg- y he price differentials worked out 'he food administration are : f . 1 dark hard winter, $2.24; hard w$ler basic, $2.20; red winter basic, ffLt); yellow hard winter, $2.16; soft winter, $2.18; dark northern Bp Jig. $2.24; red spring, $2.18; hump k&, $2.10; amber durum, $2.24; du ruft basic, $2.20; red durum, $2.i3; ref walla, $2.13; hard white baste, 33: JO; soft white, $2.18; white club, 6. 1 : 4fe"t n a m r iddm phi p fe IN RUSSIA SEEMS STARTED. !"..-. Slav Reoiments Throw Down rt-fc. tThilA thft Russians west of Tfnlr. ffjgni again have deserted their posts, f fpireby permitting the Teutonic al- i to make further gains in the re- gSyr- of Ocna - and ' Kezdi-Vavarhely .vf9 are giving battle to the invaders on both sectors have repulsed t&jflg attacks. "! between Ireshti and Fokshani a liS&ority of- the men comprising the Stsian regiments deserted their fetches and' fled, but the Russian poikmanders have taken steps to. re port the former status of the line by j&Hii the gap with, loyal men. i Fallowing the reports of fresh dis- ftion among the Russians on the Bukawma front, which came Mir' to the commencement of. the 3etdgrade movement in southern 2tavia, Premier Kerensky in a ??jch at the closing session ot the 2 -bw conference let it be known -, that order was to be brought gj.chaos by the putting to death te cowards who threw down their in the face of the enemy. v Horrible treatment is , GIVEN PRISONERS OF WAR. Washington. Starved, beaten and L subjected to many indignities, prison- TSk.oi war m uermany arp Deing corn ered to work in trenches and. fields 'r'5 d to the state department, say I - - - 'a .it1 t! i ; a t ' p&oners of all nationalities are being usl on work just behind the lines and L"Wifn range .of the guns. MAY EMPTY FREIGHT 1CARS ORDERED SOUTHWARD. ViOT York. More than 7.000 addi- empty freight cars have ' been cpr,-ed into the south and southwest lifn the last ten days to protect -r$f ements of grafn and food products Uo facilitate lumber transports- Jwlfor cantonments and shipyards, it announced here by Fairfax Har IVsF.i, chairman "of the railroads war. C . it 1 A rAA -m XI h$ye been placed in grain producing fia&s; 4,537; into lumber states. ; CLIMAX OF A SERIES OF NOTES Feature of President's Communica tion is Determination Not to Dis cuss Peace So Long as Forces of ' Autocracy Control Central Powers. i j Washington. President Wilson's rejection of the Pope's peace propos als is regarded here as the high water mark of the war. Furthermore, it is. indicative of the virtual selection of the President by the allies as their spokesman before the world. The note comes as a climax to the remarkable series of state documents in which President Wilson has argu ed the cause of world democracy against autocracy in the high court of public opinion, and accepted more and more by the people of all the allied countries as expressing their ideals. There appears to be no doubt that the United States was selected to make answer before the world, in ad vance of all the others. Whether the entente nations will send extensive re plies is not known here. It is re garded as probable that they will in large mea'sue adopt the President's reasoning for their own and send notes of endorsement. The general tenor of the Presi dent's reply had been anticipated ev erywhere, 1 but there was no inkling of the forceful terms he" would em ploy to say that the world can have no faith in the autocratic government of Germany. Students, of diplomacy see in his denunciation of the military autocracy a fresh appeal to the war-ridden Ger man people to throw off their military masters. - Although this appeal probably will not-be permitted to become known in Germany until the autocracy has at tempted to mold the temper of the people for its reception by a denuncia tion through a government controlled press of what has been characterized as interference in the internal affairs of Germany, the, hope is that it will fall on fertile soil. That the President's response to the: Pope's overtures would be a courte ous but firm declination had been generally believed, so that in this re spect at least his communication will cause no surprise. The feature that is certain to . fix public attention is the cold determina tion not even to permit the subject of peace negotiations to be broached so long as the evil and dpminating forces of autocracy and militarism control the centraj powers. 4 s. GERMANY PROPOSES TO PAY INDEMNITY TO ARGENTINE In Order to Maintain Friendly" Rela tions Will Pay for Sinking Trade Ships. , Buenos Aires. Germany's reply to Argentina's note embodying demands in connection with the submarine cam paign as affecting Argentine shipping has been received. In official circles it was stated that the reply was satis factory. " ' According to' the newspaper LaRa- zon the German note meets all the demands of Argentina. .The newspaper says that "Germany in order to maintain friendly relations with Argentina is willing to modify her blockade of enemy coasts, allow ing freedom of the seas to vessels un der the Argentine . flag carrying food." The note also promises the payment of an indemnity for the sinking of the Argentine steamer Toro by a German submarine.- Both the foreign minister and presi dent were outspoken in their indigna tion that an intimation of the contents of the note was given to an afternoon newspaper and Count con Luxburg, the German l. minister, before it was made public by the Argentine govern ment. GIVES PRIVATES CHANCE TO-t ATTAIN RANK IN ARMY. Washington. Enlisted men ot the national army, national guard and reg ular army wil lbe given every oppor tunity to fit thehmselves for commis sions. This is in line with the fixed policy pf the government to take no more officers or officer candidates from civil life after the second series of officers' training- camps, now in progress, has been completed. There after all additional officers needed will be found in the ranks. , Inquiring Into Camp Riot. Houston, Texas. The municipal board of inquiry which is -taking tes- timonv regarding the disturbance when 100 negroes of the Twenty- fourth infantry shot up the West End district of the city, heard witnesses tell of conditions in the camp of negro troops. The testimony largely was that negro women visited tbd camp in numbers after nightfall, that empty liquor bottles were plentiful in the grass and weeds about the camp And that negro soldiers violated the Jlin Crow" law on, the carg at will. are very much in need of meat and wheat. If they are to pull through the fall and winter successfully, we must send them all of these staples we can. It will be necessary for Americans at home to eat more perishable food ar ticles like fruit and vegetables that cannot well be sent abroad. For this reason Uncle Sam's food administration is taking the keenest interest in this year's apple crop.- The government wants us to eat more ap ples than ever before so that the wheat and meat supplies may go to help win the war. A campaign of ed ucation along this line is soon to start. This year's apple crop calls, for in telligent handling. The latest govern ment reports indicate a crop of about 190,000,000 bushels. That is a little below normal. Good prices are assured for all honestly packed, first quality apples, and also for honestly packed, selected second grades, which govern ment experts say can be put into stor age. When the crop is big it does not pay to store second grades, but this year, despite the fact that we cannot ship our usual 2,000,000 barrels of ap ples abroad, because shipping space is precious, we should be able to get fair prices for all good apples at home. Careless packing of poor quality fruit has always been one of the chief causes of market instability and un satisfactory prices to the growers. This year the whole apple industry is co-operating to remove this market handicap. There has never been an apple year such as this one is going to be. Growers have never been able to get together and engage and finance a national educational' campaign among consumers' to increase apple consumption. This year the situation makes it necessary for the United States government, through the food administration, to conduct a consum er's campaign of publicity on behalf of the apple. This campaign will begin while the crop is being sent to market; and will probably continue until the last apple Is eaten up late next spring. So the grower has three great incen tives for grading, packing and storing this crop with especial care. 1. It is a good crop and call 3 . for care. 2. The government will encourage apple eating and apple storage and will discourage speculation that raises the price abnormally; 3. We must eat np at home more than two million barrels of apples, which would ordinarily be exported. To get the best of the crop to the market in prime condition it must be - picked carefully at 'the time of ma turity, and promptly, cooled in tem porary storage, and; then skillfully graded ' and packed. Second-grade fruit should not go jinto barf els or boxes. If it cannot j be marketed In bulk in near-by, consuming centers, then it should be worked uj) into by products along with he culls. f There has been a! gratifying im provement in apple marketing the past two or three years. I Western apples are boxed to strictly honest standards, by the great co-operative growers' or ganizations in Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho ;arid Colorado. ... The,, eastern barrel apple ; has also heen wonderfully improved in New York and other states. Because apples are honestly packed and give the best pos sible value for the money, there is' an increase in the consumer demand. Re tail merchants who were formerly al most afraid to buy apples in barrels, because they were nojt sure of getting marketable values for their money, are now buying freely and in confi dence. This good work makes it pos sible for the government to go further and encourage the use of apples as a war-time food measure. Because the bulk of the crop will be picked by volunteer workers this year, and put into common storage until tff&' grower can find time to grade and pack, there will p& an opportunity to give closer personal attention to the grading and packing than might be the case if the crop were handled as in peace times. For thel grower who de sires instructions in apple packing, the department of agriculture at Wash ington has. information oln bulletin form. These bulletins can be secured free by writing to the department. Growers will do well to obtain a few copies for their pickers and packers. The Familiar Face. "I suppose prohibition made a great difference in Crimson Gulch." "Not as much as you'd - think," re plied Broncho Bob. "The man who used to be boss bartender has gotten a job as teller in the bank and is takin' in all the money, just the same." Delays in Congress. "How will you explain to your con stituents," we chidingly asked, "your action in delaying the business of this ' great nation by indulging in long-wind ed oratory while .matters of tremen dous importance wait?" "Of tremen dous Importance?" naively answered Senator Slush. "Why,, what can possi bly be ok more importance than my speech?" Kansas City! Star, Avoid the Hypocrite. "A bad man Is worse when he pre tends to bet' & saint" Bacon.
Carolina Watchman (Salisbury, N.C.)
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Sept. 5, 1917, edition 1
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